Mhoro, vaverengi veHabr. Tinoda kugovera mashoko akanaka kwazvo. Isu pakupedzisira takamirira iyo chaiyo serial kugadzirwa kwechizvarwa chitsva cheRussia Elbrus 8C processors. Zviri pamutemo, serial kugadzirwa kwaifanirwa kutanga muna 2016, asi, kutaura zvazviri, kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwakatanga chete muna 2019 uye parizvino vangangoita zviuru zvina processors vakatogadzirwa.
Inenge ichangotanga kugadzirwa kwemazhinji, ma processor aya akaonekwa muAerodisk yedu, yatinoda kunyanya kutenda kambani yeNORSI-TRANS, iyo yakatipa nemutsa yayo Yakhont UVM hardware platform, inotsigira Elbrus 8C processors, kutakura software chikamu chegadziriro yekuchengetedza. Iyi ipuratifomu yemazuva ano yepasirese inosangana nezvose zvinodiwa zveMCST. Parizvino, chikuva chinoshandiswa nevatengi vakasarudzika uye telecom vanoshanda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuitwa kwezviito zvakamisikidzwa panguva yekuferefeta mabasa.
Parizvino, iyo porting yakapedzwa zvinobudirira, uye iyo AERODISK yekuchengetedza system yatovepo mune vhezheni ine epamba Elbrus processors.
Muchinyorwa chino tichataura nezve processors ivo pachavo, nhoroondo yavo, zvivakwa uye, hongu, nezve yedu yekushandisa yekuchengetedza masisitimu paElbrus.
История
Nhoroondo yeElbrus processors inodzokera kunguva dzeSoviet Union. Muna 1973, paInstitute of Precision Mechanics uye Computer Science yakatumidzwa zita. S.A. Lebedev (akatumidzwa zita raSergei Lebedev mumwechete uyo akambotungamira kuvandudzwa kweiyo yekutanga Soviet komputa MESM, uye gare gare BESM) akatanga kugadzirwa kwemultiprocessor komputa masisitimu anonzi "Elbrus". Kubudirira uku kwakatungamirirwa naVsevolod Sergeevich Burtsev, uye Boris Artashesovich Babayan, uyo akanga ari mumwe wevatevedzeri vevagadziri vakuru, akatorawo chikamu chikuru mukusimudzira.
Vsevolod Sergeevich Burtsev
Boris Artashesovich Babayan
Mutengi mukuru wepurojekiti aive, hongu, mauto eUSSR, uye iyi nhevedzano yemakomputa yakazoshandiswa zvakabudirira mukugadzirwa kwekuraira komputa nzvimbo uye kupfura masisitimu ezvidziviriro masisitimu, pamwe nemamwe masisitimu-chinangwa. .
Yekutanga komputa yeElbrus yakapedzwa muna 1978. Yakanga iine modular architecture uye yaigona kusanganisira kubva pa1 kusvika ku10 processors zvichienderana nepakati kubatanidza maseketi. Kumhanya kwemuchina uyu kwakasvika 15 miriyoni kushanda pasekondi. Huwandu hwe RAM, hwaive hwakajairika kune ese gumi processors, hwaive hunosvika 10 kusvika kumakumi maviri emasimba emuchina mazwi kana 2 MB.
Gare gare zvakazoitika kuti tekinoroji zhinji dzakashandiswa mukugadzirwa kweElbrus dzaive dzichitsvagirwa pasi rese panguva imwe chete, uye dzaive dzichibatwa neInternational Business Machine (IBM), asi shanda pamapurojekiti aya, kusiyana nebasa paElbrus. , haina kumbopedzwa.
Maererano naVsevolod Burtsev, mainjiniya eSoviet akaedza kushandisa ruzivo rwepamusoro-soro rwevagadziri vepamba uye vekunze. Mavakirwo emakomputa eElbrus akafurirwawo nemakomputa eBurroughs, Hewlett-Packard budiriro, uye ruzivo rwevagadziri veBESM-6.
Asi panguva imwecheteyo, zvakawanda zvezvinoitika zvaive zvepakutanga. Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza pamusoro peElbrus-1 chaiva chivakwa chayo.
Iyo yakagadzirwa supercomputer yakava yekutanga komputa muUSSR yakashandisa superscalar architecture. Iko kushandiswa kwakapararira kwema superscalar processors kunze kwenyika kwakatanga chete mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe ezana ramakore rapfuura nekuuya kweanodhura Intel Pentium processors pamusika.
Uye zvakare, yakakosha yekupinza / yekubuda processors inogona kushandiswa kuronga kufambiswa kwedhata hova pakati pemidziyo yekutenderera uye RAM mukombuta. Panogona kunge paine ma processors mana akadaro muhurongwa; ivo vaishanda zvakafanana nepakati processor uye vaive neyavo yakatsaurirwa ndangariro.
Elbrus-2
Muna 1985, Elbrus yakagamuchira kuenderera kwayo kunonzwisisika; komputa yeElbrus-2 yakagadzirwa uye yakatumirwa mukugadzirwa kwakawanda. In architecture, yakanga isina kunyanya kusiyana neyakatangira, asi yakashandisa itsva element base, iyo yakaita kuti iwedzere kushanda kwese kanenge ka10 - kubva pamamiriyoni gumi nemashanu ekushanda pasekondi kusvika mamiriyoni 15. RAM yekombiyuta yakawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu 125. -bit mazwi kana 16 MB. Iyo yakawanda yekufambisa yeElbrus-72 I/O migero yaive 144 MB/s.
"Elbrus-2" yakashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekutsvaga nyukireya muChelyabinsk-70 uye Arzamas-16 muMCC, muA-135 missile defense system, uyewo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehondo.
Kusikwa kweElbrus kwakaongwa nevatungamiriri veSoviet Union. Mainjiniya mazhinji akapihwa maodha nemenduru. General designer Vsevolod Burtsev nedzimwe nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakagamuchira mibairo yenyika. Uye Boris Babayan akapiwa Order of the October Revolution.
Iyi mibairo yakawanda kupfuura yakakodzera, Boris Babayan akazoti:
“Muna 1978, takagadzira muchina wekutanga wepamusoro-soro, Elbrus-1. Iye zvino kuMadokero vanogadzira chete superscalar yeiyi dhizaini. Yekutanga superscalar yakaonekwa kuMadokero muna 92, yedu muna 78. Zvakare, vhezheni yesuperscalar yatakagadzira yakafanana nePentium Pro yakagadzirwa neIntel muna 95.
Aya mazwi pamusoro pehukuru hwenhoroondo anosimbiswa muUSA, Keith Diefendorff, mugadziri weMotorola 88110, mumwe wekutanga weWestern superscalar processors, akanyora:
"Muna 1978, angangoita makore gumi nemashanu yekutanga Western superscalar processors isati yaonekwa, Elbrus-15 yakashandisa processor yakapa mirairo miviri pawachi imwe neimwe, yakashandura kurongeka kwekuitwa kwemirairo, yakatumidza mazita marejista uye kuitwa nekufungidzira."
Elbrus-3
Maiva muna 1986, uye nguva pfupi mushure mekupedzwa kwebasa paElbrus yechipiri, ITMiVT yakatanga kugadzira iyo itsva Elbrus-3 sisitimu, ichishandisa purosesa nyowani yekuvaka. Boris Babayan akadana nzira iyi "post-superscalar". Yakanga iri chivakwa ichi, chakazonzi VLIW/EPIC, icho mune ramangwana (pakati pemakore ekuma90) Intel Itanium processors akatanga kushandisa (uye muUSSR zvigadziriso izvi zvakatanga muna 1986 uye zvakapera muna 1991).
Iyi computing yakaoma ndiyo yekutanga kushandisa mazano ekudzora zvakajeka kufanana kwekushanda uchishandisa compiler.
Muna 1991, yekutanga uye, zvinosuruvarisa, kombiyuta chete "Elbrus-3" yakabudiswa, iyo isingagoni kugadziriswa zvakakwana, uye mushure mekuparara kweSoviet Union, hapana aida iyo, uye kubudirira uye zvirongwa zvakaramba zviri papepa.
Zvinodiwa zvechivakwa chitsva
Dare rakashanda paITMiVT pakusikwa kweSoviet supercomputers harina kuparara, asi rakaramba richishanda sekambani yakasiyana pasi pezita rokuti MCST (Moscow Center ye SPARK Technologies). Uye mukutanga 90s, kushingaira kushandira pamwe pakati MCST uye Sun Microsystems akatanga, apo boka MCST akatora chikamu mukugadzirwa UltraSPARC microprocessor.
Pakanga pari panguva iyi iyo E2K yekuvaka purojekiti yakatanga, iyo yakatanga kupihwa mari neZuva. Gare gare, purojekiti yakave yakazvimirira zvachose uye pfuma yese yeuchenjeri pairi yakaramba iine timu yeMCST.
“Dai takaramba tichishanda neZuva munzvimbo iyi, zvinhu zvese zvingadai zviri zveZuva. Kunyangwe 90% yebasa rakaitwa Zuva risati rauya. " (Boris Babayan)
E2K zvivakwa
Kana isu tichikurukura magadzirirwo eElbrus processors, kazhinji tinonzwa zvinotevera zvirevo kubva kune vatinoshanda navo muIT indasitiri:
"Elbrus ibasa reRISC"
"Elbrus iri EPIC architecture"
"Elbrus is a SPARC architecture"
Muchokwadi, hapana chimwe chezvirevo izvi chiri chokwadi chakazara, uye kana chiri, chinongova chokwadi chikamu.
Iyo E2K yekuvakisa ndeye yakaparadzana yepakutanga processor architecture; iwo hukuru hunhu hweE2K kugona kwesimba uye yakanakisa scalability, inowanikwa nekutsanangura kwakajeka kufanana kwemashandiro. Iyo E2K dhizaini yakagadziridzwa nechikwata cheMCST uye yakavakirwa pane post-superscalar architecture (a la EPIC) ine imwe pesvedzero kubva kuSPARC architecture (ine RISC yapfuura). Panguva imwecheteyo, MCST yakabatanidzwa zvakananga mukugadzirwa kwezvitatu zvezvina zvakakosha zvivakwa (Superscalar, post-superscalars uye SPARC). Chokwadi nyika inzvimbo diki.
Kuti tidzivise kuvhiringidzika mune ramangwana, takadhirowa dhizaini rakareruka iro, kunyangwe rakarerutswa, rinonyatso ratidza midzi yeE2K yekuvaka.
Iye zvino zvishoma nezvezita rezvivakwa, maererano nekusanzwisisana.
Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana unogona kuwana mazita anotevera echivako ichi: "E2K", "Elbrus", "Elbrus 2000", ELBRUS ("ExpLicit Basic Resources Utilization Scheduling", kureva kuronga kwakajeka kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinokosha). Mazita ese aya anotaura nezve chinhu chimwe chete - nezve dhizaini, asi muzvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi zvehunyanzvi, pamwe nemaforamu ehunyanzvi, zita rekuti E2K rinoshandiswa kuratidza dhizaini, saka mune ramangwana, kana tikataura nezve processor architecture, tinoshandisa. izwi rekuti "E2K", uye kana nezve chaiyo processor, tinoshandisa zita rekuti "Elbrus".
Tekinoroji maficha eE2K architecture
Muzvivakwa zvechinyakare zvakaita seRISC kana CISC (x86, PowerPC, SPARC, MIPS, ARM), iyo processor inopinza inogamuchira rwizi rwemirairo yakagadzirirwa kutevedzana. Iyo processor inogona kuona yakazvimiririra mashandiro uye nekuamhanyisa nenzira yakafanana (superscalarity) uye kunyange kushandura kurongeka kwavo (kunze kwekuraira). Nekudaro, dynamic dependency ongororo uye tsigiro yekunze-ye-kurongeka kuuraya vane zvisingakwanisi muhuwandu hwemirairo yakatangwa uye kuongororwa pawachi kutenderera. Uye zvakare, iwo anowirirana zvidhinha mukati me processor anoshandisa huwandu hunoonekwa hwesimba, uye kuita kwavo kwakaoma dzimwe nguva kunotungamira mukugadzikana kana matambudziko ekuchengetedza.
MuE2K architecture, iro basa guru rekuongorora zvinotsamira uye kugadzirisa kurongeka kwemashandiro anotorwa nemuunganidzi. Iyo processor inogamuchira iyo inonzi inopinza. mirairo yakafara, imwe neimwe ine kodhi yemirairo yeese processor execution unit iyo inofanirwa kutangwa pane yakapihwa wachi kutenderera. Iyo processor haifanirwe kuongorora kutsamira pakati pema operands kana kurongazve mashandiro pakati pemirairo yakafara: mugadziri anoita zvese izvi zvichibva pakuongororwa kwekodhi kodhi uye processor zviwanikwa kuronga. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo processor hardware inogona kuve nyore uye inodhura-inoshanda.
Iyo compiler inokwanisa kuongorora sosi kodhi zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo RISC/CISC processor Hardware uye nekuwana mamwe akazvimirira mashandiro. Naizvozvo, iyo E2K dhizaini ine akawanda akafanana ekuuraya zvikamu kupfuura echinyakare zvivakwa.
Ikozvino kugona kweiyo E2K dhizaini:
- 6 nzira dze arithmetic logic units (ALU) inoshanda zvakafanana.
- Nyoresa faira ye256 84-bit marejista.
- Hardware rutsigiro rwezvishwe, kusanganisira izvo zvine pipelining. Inowedzera kushanda kwe processor zviwanikwa kushandiswa.
- Programmable asynchronous data pre-pomba mudziyo ine yakaparadzana kuverenga machaneti. Inokutendera kuti uvanze kunonoka kubva mundangariro kuwana uye kushandisa zvizere iyo ALU.
- Tsigiro yekuverengera kuverenga uye single-bit predicates. Inokutendera kuti uderedze huwandu hwekuchinja uye kuita akati wandei echirongwa matavi akafanana.
- Murairo wakakura, unokwanisa kudoma anosvika makumi maviri nematatu maoperation muwachi imwe chete (anopfuura makumi matatu nematatu oparesheni kana uchirongedza operands mune vector rairo).
x86 emulation
Kunyangwe padanho rekugadzira dhizaini, vagadziri vakanzwisisa kukosha kwekutsigira software yakanyorerwa Intel x86 architecture. Nechinangwa ichi, sisitimu yesimba (kureva, panguva yekuitwa kwechirongwa, kana "pane nhunzi") dudziro yex86 binary macode muE2K architecture processor codes yakaitwa. Iyi sisitimu inogona kushanda zvese mukushandisa mode (nenzira yeWINE) uye mumodhi yakafanana neye hypervisor (saka zvinogoneka kumhanya iyo yese yevaenzi OS yeiyo x86 architecture).
Kutenda kune akati wandei mazinga e optimization, zvinokwanisika kuwana yakanyanya kumhanya kwekodhi yakashandurwa. Hunhu hwe x86 architecture emulation hunosimbiswa nekuvhurwa kwakabudirira kweanopfuura makumi maviri anoshanda masisitimu (kusanganisira akati wandei maWindows) uye mazana ezvishandiso paElbrus computing system.
Protected program execution mode
Imwe yepfungwa dzinonakidza dzakagarwa nhaka kubva kuElbrus-1 uye Elbrus-2 architecture ndiyo inonzi yakachengeteka chirongwa chekuuraya. Chinhu chayo ndechekuona kuti chirongwa chinoshanda chete nedata rakatangwa, tarisa zvese zvinopinda mundangariro kuti uone kuti ndezvakero renji, uye nekupa inter-module dziviriro (semuenzaniso, chengetedza chirongwa chekufona kubva mukukanganisa muraibhurari). Ese macheki aya anoitwa muhardware. Kune yakachengetedzwa modhi kune yakazara-yakazara compiler uye runtime rutsigiro raibhurari. Izvo zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa kuti zvirambidzo zvakatemerwa zvinotungamira kusakwanisa kuronga kuurayiwa, semuenzaniso, kodhi yakanyorwa muC ++.
Kunyangwe mune yakajairika, "isina kudzivirirwa" maitiro ekushanda kweElbrus processors, pane zvinhu zvinowedzera kuvimbika kwehurongwa. Nekudaro, iyo stack yekubatanidza ruzivo (ketani yekudzorera kero yemaitiro ekufona) inoparadzaniswa kubva kune yakawanda yevashandisi data uye haisvikike pakurwiswa senge kero yekudzosera spoofing inoshandiswa mumavhairasi.
Kubudirira kwakagadzirwa nekufamba kwemakore kunoita kuti zvikwanise kwete chete kubata uye mune ramangwana kudarika anokwikwidza ezvivakwa maererano nekuita uye scalability, asi zvakare kupa dziviriro kubva kune zvikanganiso zvinotambudza x86/amd64. Bookmarks seMeltdown (CVE-2017-5754), Specter (CVE-2017-5753, CVE-2017-5715), RIDL (CVE-2018-12126, CVE-2018-12130), Fallout (CVE-2018-12127-2019) ZombieLoad (CVE-11091-XNUMX) nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Dziviriro yemazuva ano kubva panjodzi inowanikwa mune x86/amd64 architecture yakavakirwa pazvigamba padanho rekushandisa system. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kudonha kwekuita pazvizvarwa zvazvino uye zvakapfuura zvema processor ezvivakwa izvi zvinoonekwa uye kubva pa30% kusvika 80%. Isu, sevashandisi vanoshingaira ve x86 processors, tinoziva pamusoro peizvi, tinotambura uye tinoenderera mberi "kudya cactus," asi kuva nemhinduro kumatambudziko aya pamidzi ibatsiro risina mubvunzo kwatiri (uye pakupedzisira kune vatengi vedu), kunyanya kana mhinduro ndeyeRussia.
Technical specifications
Pazasi pane zviri pamutemo tekinoroji maitiro eElbrus processors ekare (4C), yazvino (8C), nyowani (8SV) uye ramangwana (16C) zvizvarwa mukuenzanisa neakafanana Intel x86 processors.
Kunyangwe kukurumidza kutarisa patafura iyi kunoratidza (uye izvi zvinofadza kwazvo) kuti gaka retekinoroji revagadziri vedzimba, iro makore gumi apfuura rairatidzika kunge risingakundike, ikozvino rinoita sediki, uye muna 10 nekutanga kweElbrus-2021S (iyo, pakati pezvimwe. zvinhu, zvinotsigira virtualization) ichaderedzwa kusvika kudiki madaro.
AERODISK yekuchengetedza system paElbrus 8C processors
Isu tinobva padzidziso kuenda kukudzidzira. Sechikamu chemubatanidzwa wehunyanzvi hwemakambani MCST, Aerodisk, Basalt SPO (yaimbova Alt Linux) uye NORSI-TRANS, dhizaini yekuchengetedza data yakagadziridzwa uye yakagadzirirwa kushanda, iyo panguva ino maererano nekuchengetedza, kushanda, mutengo uye kuita. iri, kana isiri iyo yakanyanya kunaka, saka, semaonero edu, hapana mubvunzo mhinduro yakakodzera iyo inogona kuve nechokwadi cheiyo nhanho yekuzvimiririra kwetekinoroji yeAmailand vedu.
Zvino mashoko...
Hardware
Iyo yekuchengetedza hardware inoshandiswa pahwaro hwepasi rose Yakhont UVM chikuva kubva kuNORSI-TRANS. Iyo Yakhont UVM papuratifomu yakagamuchira mamiriro ezvekufambiswa kwemashoko emidziyo yekuRussia uye yakaverengerwa murejista yakabatana yezvigadzirwa zveredhiyo zvemagetsi zveRussia. Iyo sisitimu ine maviri akasiyana ekuchengetedza ekuchengetedza (2U imwe neimwe), ayo akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe ne 1G kana 10G Ethernet interconnect, pamwe chete neakajairika disk masherufu achishandisa SAS kubatana.
Ehe, izvi hazvina kunaka senge "Cluster mubhokisi" fomati (apo vatongi uye madhiraivha ane yakajairika backplane akaiswa mune imwe 2U chassis), iyo yatinowanzo shandisa, asi munguva pfupi iri kutevera ichave iripo zvakare. Chinhu chikuru apa ndechekuti inoshanda zvakanaka, uye tichafunga nezve "uta" gare gare.
Pasi pehodhi, mutongi wega wega ane single-processor motherboard ine ina slots ye RAM (DDR3 ye8C processor). Zvakare mubhodhi yega yega controller pane 4 1G Ethernet ports (maviri ayo anoshandiswa neAERODISK ENGINE software sesevhisi) uye matatu PCIe zvibatanidza zveBack-end (SAS) uye Front-end (Ethernet kana FibreChannel) adapters.
Russian SATA SSD madhiraivha kubva kuGS Nanotech anoshandiswa semadhisiki ebhoti, ayo atakaedza kakawanda uye akashandisa mumapurojekiti.
Patakatanga kuziva chikuva, tainyatsochiongorora. Takanga tisina mibvunzo pamusoro pemhando yegungano uye kusona; zvese zvakaitwa nemazvo uye zvakavimbika.
uchishandisa maitiro
Iyo OS vhezheni yakashandiswa ndeye Alt 8SP yekupihwa chitupa. Isu tiri kuronga kugadzira plug-in uye inogara yakagadziridzwa repository yeViola OS ine Aerodisk yekuchengetedza software.
Iyi vhezheni yekugovera yakavakirwa pane yazvino yakagadzikana vhezheni yeLinux kernel 4.9 yeE2K (bazi rine rutsigiro rwenguva refu rakatakurwa nenyanzvi dzeMCST), richiwedzerwa nezvigamba zvekushanda nekuchengetedza. Ese mapakeji muAlt OS anounganidzwa zvakananga paElbrus vachishandisa yekutanga transactional assembly system yeAlT Linux Team purojekiti, iyo yakaita kuti zvibvire kudzikisa mutengo wevashandi wekutamisa pachako uye kubhadhara zvakanyanya kunaka kwechigadzirwa.
Chero kuburitswa kweAlt OS yeElbrus kunogona kukwidziridzwa zvakanyanya maererano nekushanda uchishandisa repository iripo kwairi (kubva panosvika zviuru zvitanhatu zvepakeji yemapakeji echisere vhezheni kusvika angangoita gumi nemaviri yepfumbamwe).
Sarudzo iyi yakaitwa zvakare nekuti kambani yeBasalt SPO, mugadziri weViola OS, inoshanda nesimba nemamwe masoftware uye vanogadzira zvishandiso pamapuratifomu akasiyana, vachiona kupindirana kusina musono mukati me Hardware uye software masisitimu.
Software Storage Systems
Pakufambisa, isu takabva tasiya zano rekushandisa x2 emulation inotsigirwa muE86K, ndokutanga kushanda nema processors zvakananga (nerombo rakanaka, Alt yatove nematurusi anodiwa eizvi).
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, iyo yemuno execution modhi inopa chengetedzo iri nani (aya matatu ehardware stacks pachinzvimbo cheimwe) uye kuwedzera kwekuita (hapana chikonzero chekugovera imwe kana maviri cores kubva pamasere kuti imhanye mushanduri webhinari, uye mugadziri anoita basa rake zvirinani. kupfuura JIT).
Muchokwadi, kuisirwa kweAERODISK ENGINE paE2K kunotsigira yakawanda iripo yekuchengetedza mashandiro ayo anowanikwa mux86. Iyo yazvino vhezheni yeAERODISK ENGINE (A-CORE vhezheni 2.30) inoshandiswa seyekuchengetedza system software.
Pasina matambudziko, mabasa anotevera akaiswa paE2K uye akaedzwa kushandiswa mukugadzira:
- Kukanganisa kushivirira kweanosvika maviri ekutonga uye akawanda-nzira I/O (mpio)
- Vhara uye faira kupinda nemavhoriyamu matete (RDG, DDP madziva; FC, iSCSI, NFS, SMB mapuroteni anosanganisira kubatanidzwa neActive Directory)
- Yakasiyana siyana RAID mazinga anosvika katatu parity (kusanganisira kugona kushandisa RAID muvaki)
- Hybrid kuchengetedza (kusanganisa SSD neHDD mukati medziva rimwe, kureva cache uye tiering)
- Sarudzo dzekuchengetedza nzvimbo uchishandisa deduplication uye compression
- ROW snapshots, clones uye akasiyana kudzokorora sarudzo
- Uye zvimwe zvidiki asi zvinobatsira zvinhu zvakaita seQoS, global hotspare, VLAN, BOND, nezvimwe.
Muchokwadi, paE2K takakwanisa kuita mashandiro edu ese, kunze kweakawanda-anodzora (anopfuura maviri) uye akawanda-akarukwa I/O scheduler, ayo anotibvumira kuwedzera kuita kwese-flash madziva ne20-30% .
Asi isu tichazowedzera aya anobatsira mabasa zvakare, inyaya yenguva.
Zvishoma nezvekuita
Mushure mekubudirira kupasa miedzo yebasa rekutanga rekuchengetedza sisitimu, isu, chokwadi, takatanga kuita bvunzo dzemutoro.
Semuenzaniso, pane maviri-controller kuchengetedza system (2xCPU E8C 1.3 Ghz, 32 GB RAM + 4 SAS SSD 800GB 3DWD), umo RAM cache yakavharwa, takagadzira madziva maviri eDDP ane main RAID-10 level uye maviri 500G. LUNs uye akabatanidza aya maLUN kuburikidza neSCSI (10G Ethernet) kune Linux host. Uye isu takaita imwe yeawa-yakareba bvunzo pamabhuru madiki ekutevedzana mutoro tichishandisa iyo FIO chirongwa.
Mibairo yekutanga yaive yakanaka.
Mutoro pama processors waive paavhareji pa60%, i.e. Iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga iyo iyo yekuchengetedza system inogona kushanda zvakachengeteka.
Hongu, izvi zviri kure nekuremerwa uye rumwe rudzi rwekubhadharisa zviri pachena kuti haakwani kune yakakwirira-inoshanda DBMSs, asi, semaitiro edu anoratidza, aya maitiro anokwana 80% emabasa akajairika ayo masisitimu ekuchengetedza anoshandiswa.
Kwapera chinguva tinoronga kudzoka nerondedzero yakadzama pamusoro pekuyedzwa kweElbrus sepuratifomu yekuchengetedza masisitimu.
Ramangwana rakajeka
Sezvatakanyora pamusoro, kugadzirwa kwakawanda kweElbrus 8C kwakatanga nguva pfupi yadarika - pakutanga kwa2019, uye pakazosvika Zvita vangangosvika zviuru zvina ma processors akange atogadzirwa. Kuenzanisa, 4000 chete mapurosesa echizvarwa chakapfuura Elbrus 4C akagadzirwa mukati menguva yese yekugadzirwa kwavo, saka kufambira mberi kuri pachena.
Zviri pachena kuti iyi inodonha mubhakiti, kunyange kumusika weRussia, asi avo vanofamba mumugwagwa vanogona kukunda.
Kuburitswa kwemakumi ezviuru zveElbrus 2020C processors kwakarongerwa 8, uye ichi chatova chimiro chakakomba. Uye zvakare, muna 2020, iyo Elbrus-8SV processor inofanirwa kuunzwa mukugadzirwa kwakawanda nechikwata cheMCST.
Zvirongwa zvekugadzira zvakadaro chikumbiro chechikamu chakakosha cheiyo yese yepamba server processor musika.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, pano uye zvino isu tine yakanaka uye yemazuva ano processor yeRussia ine yakajeka uye, mumaonero edu, yakaringana nzira yekuvandudza, pahwaro hwatinayo yakachengeteka uye yakasimbiswa yeRussia-yakagadzirwa data data system (uye mune ramangwana, a virtualization system paElbrus-16C). Iyo sisitimu ndeyeRussia kusvika pamwero wekuti inogoneka mumuviri pasi pemamiriro emazuva ano.
Isu tinowanzoona munhau kukundikana kwekupedzisira kwemakambani anozviti vagadziri veRussia, asi kutaura zvazviri vari kuita zvekunamira zvakare mavara, pasina kuwedzera chero kukosha kwavo kune zvigadzirwa zvemugadziri wekunze, kunze kwekunge iwo markup. Makambani akadaro, zvinosuruvarisa, anokanda mumvuri kune vese vechokwadi vekuRussia vanogadzira uye vanogadzira.
Nechinyorwa ichi tinoda kuratidza zvakajeka kuti munyika medu maive, aripo uye achave makambani anonyatso uye anonyatso gadzira yemazuva ano yakaoma IT masisitimu uye ari kushingaira kuvandudza, uye kupinza kutsiva muIT hakusi kusvibisa, asi ichokwadi matiri. vose vapenyu. Iwe unogona kusafarira chokwadi ichi, unogona kuchishoropodza, kana kuti unogona kushanda nekuchigadzirisa.
Kuputsika kweUSSR pane imwe nguva kwakadzivirira boka revasiki veElbrus kubva pakuva mutambi ane mukurumbira munyika yevagadziri uye kumanikidza timu kutsvaga mari yekuvandudza kwavo kunze kwenyika. Yakawanikwa, basa rakapedzwa, uye pfuma yenjere yakachengetedzwa, iyo ndinoda kutaura kuvonga kukuru kune vanhu ava!
Ndizvo zvese izvozvi, ndapota nyora zvaunofunga, mibvunzo uye, hongu, kutsoropodza. Tinogara tichifara.
Zvakare, pachinzvimbo chekambani yese yeAerodisk, ndinoda kukorokotedza nharaunda yese yeIT yeRussia paGore Idzva neKisimusi riri kuuya, ndinoshuvira 100% uptime - uye kuti ma backups haazobatsiri chero munhu mugore idzva))).
Zvinhu zvakashandiswa
Chinyorwa chine tsananguro yakajairika yetekinoroji, zvivakwa uye hunhu:
Nhoroondo pfupi yemakomputa pasi pezita rekuti "Elbrus":
General chinyorwa nezve e2k zvivakwa:
Chinyorwa chiri pamusoro pechizvarwa chechina (Elbrus-4S) uye chizvarwa chechishanu (Elbrus-8SV, 5):
Tsanangudzo yechizvarwa chinotevera chechitanhatu che processors (Elbrus-6SV, 16):
Tsanangudzo yepamutemo yeElbrus architecture:
Zvirongwa zvevagadziri veElbrus Hardware uye software chikuva kugadzira supercomputer ine exascale performance:
Russian Elbrus tekinoroji yemakomputa emunhu, maseva uye macomputer makuru:
Chinyorwa chekare naBoris Babayan, asi chichiri chakakosha:
Chinyorwa chekare naMikhail Kuzminsky:
Mharidzo yeMCST, ruzivo rwese:
Ruzivo nezve Viola OS yeElbrus chikuva:
Source: www.habr.com