Muchinyorwa ichi tichaedza kufunga sechinhu chinonakidza uye chinobatsira cheIT masisitimu seVoIP traffic yekutarisa system.
Kuvandudzwa kwematanho emazuva ano ekufambiswa kwemashoko kunoshamisa: vaenda kure kure nemoto wemasaini, uye zvaiita sezvisingafungidziki kare zvave nyore uye zvakajairika. Uye chete nyanzvi dzinoziva zvakavanzwa kuseri kwehupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye kushandiswa kwakapararira kwezvakabudirira zveindasitiri yeruzivo. Yakasiyana-siyana yekufambisa midhiya, nzira dzekuchinja, dhizaini yekudyidzana maprotocol uye encoding algorithms inokatyamadza munhuwo zvake uye inogona kuve yakashata chaiyo kune chero munhu ane chekuita nekushanda kwavo kwakaringana uye kwakagadzikana: mafambiro ematoni kana izwi traffic, kusakwanisa kunyoresa pane softswitch. , kuedza michina mitsva, kuunganidza kubata rubatsiro rwemutengesi.
Pfungwa yataurwa pamusoro apa yeprotocol ndiyo ibwe rekona yechero network network, pairi mavakirwo ayo, kuumbwa uye kuomarara kwezvishandiso zvayo, rondedzero yemasevhisi ainopa, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinoenderana. Panguva imwecheteyo, chimiro chakajeka asi chakakosha ndechekuti kushandiswa kweiyo inochinjika yechiratidzo protocol inovandudza scalability yetiweki yekutaurirana, iyo inosanganisira kukurumidza kukurumidza kuwedzera mune akasiyana network zvishandiso mairi.
Uyezve, kunyange iyo inodiwa uye inoruramiswa kuwedzera kwenhamba yezvakabatana network zvinhu mukati meiyo yakacherechedzwa pateni inosanganisira akati wandei matambudziko ane chekuita nekugadzirisa network uye kushanda. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu apo marara akatorwa haavatenderi kuti vaone dambudziko ramuka, nekuti. yakagamuchirwa kune iyo chikamu chetiweki icho chakanga chisina kubatanidzwa mukuonekwa kwayo.
Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anonyanya kufanana neVoIP network anosanganisira akawanda madivayiri pane imwe PBX uye akati wandei IP mafoni. Semuyenzaniso, kana mhinduro inoshandisa akati wandei masesheni emuganho controller, inochinjika switch kana imwe softswitch, asi basa rekuona nzvimbo yemushandisi rakapatsanurwa kubva kune vamwe uye rinoiswa pane yakaparadzana mudziyo. Ipapo mainjiniya anofanirwa kusarudza chikamu chinotevera chekuongorora, achitungamirwa neruzivo rwake rwehunyanzvi kana nemukana.
Iyi nzira inonetesa uye haina chibereko, nekuti inokumanikidza kuti upedze nguva uchinetsekana nemibvunzo mimwechete: chii chinogona kushandiswa kuunganidza mapakeji, maitiro ekuunganidza mhedzisiro, zvichingodaro. Kune rimwe divi, sezvamunoziva, munhu anojaira zvese. Iwe unogona zvakare kujaira izvi, kuita zvirinani pazviri, uye dzidzisa moyo murefu. Nekudaro, kune rumwe rutivi, kuchine chimwe chiomero chisingagone kufuratirwa - kuwirirana kwematanho akatorwa kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Zvese zviri pamusoro, pamwe nemamwe akawanda mabasa ekuongorora ma network ekutaurirana, inyaya yezviitwa nenyanzvi dzakawanda, iyo traffic yekutarisa masisitimu akagadzirirwa kubatsira kugadzirisa.
Nezvekutaurirana network traffic monitoring masisitimu
Uye pamwe chete tinoita chikonzero chimwe chete: iwe nenzira yako, uye ini nenzira yangu.
Yu. Detochkin
Mazuva ano media traffic transmission network akagadzirwa uye akavakwa kuburikidza nekuitwa kweakasiyana pfungwa, hwaro hwayo hwakasiyana-siyana hwekufonera maprotocol: CAS, SS7, INAP, H.323, SIP, nezvimwe. A traffic monitoring system (TMS) chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kutora mameseji kubva kumaprotocol akanyorwa pamusoro (uye kwete chete) uye ine seti yezviri nyore, intuitive uye inodzidzisa nzira yekuongorora kwayo. Chinangwa chikuru cheSMT ndechekuita zviratidzo zvekutevera uye kurasa chero nguva yenguva inowanikwa kune nyanzvi chero nguva (kusanganisira munguva chaiyo) pasina kushandiswa kwezvirongwa zvehunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, Wireshark). Kune rimwe divi, nyanzvi yega yega inokwanisa inotarisisa zvakanyanya kune zvine chekuita nenyaya, semuenzaniso, kuchengetedzeka kweiyo IT zvivakwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, chinhu chakakosha chakanangana nenyaya iyi ndiko kugona kwenyanzvi iyi "kuramba yakatarisana", iyo inogona kuwanikwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuburikidza nekuzivisa panguva yechimwe chiitiko. Sezvo nyaya dzekuzivisa dzichitaurwa, tiri kutaura nezve network network yekutarisa. Kudzokera kune tsananguro iri pamusoro, CMT inokutendera kuti utarise iwo mameseji, mhinduro uye zviitiko zvinogona kuratidza chero maitiro etiweki asina kunaka (semuenzaniso, 403 kana 408 mhinduro dzeboka re4xx muSIP kana kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwenhamba yezvikamu pahunde. ), uchigamuchira yakakodzera infographics inonyatso ratidza zviri kuitika.
Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo VoIP traffic monitoring system haisi yekutanga yeFault Monitoring System, iyo inokutendera iwe kumepu network, kudzora kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvadzo, mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa, peripherals uye zvimwe zvakawanda (semuenzaniso, seZabbix).
Sezvo tanzwisisa chinonzi chekutarisa traffic uye mabasa ainogadzirisa, ngatiendererei kumubvunzo wekuti tingaishandisa sei kuita zvakanaka.
Icho chokwadi chiri pachena ndechekuti CMT pachayo haikwanise kuunganidza Call Flow "pakuda kwepike." Kuti uite izvi, zvinodikanwa kuunza iyo inoenderana traffic kubva kune ese akashandiswa zvishandiso mune imwe poindi - Capture Server. Nekudaro, izvo zvakanyorwa zvinotsanangura chimiro cheiyo sisitimu, iyo inoratidzwa mukuda kwekuona centralization yenzvimbo yekuunganidza yekusaina traffic uye inotibvumira kupindura mubvunzo wakabvunzwa pamusoro: chii chinopihwa nekushandiswa kweiyo yakaoma pane kushanda kana kushandiswa network.
Saka, sekutonga, kashoma kuti injinjiniya anogona, sezvavanotaura, nekukurumidza kupindura mubvunzo - munzvimbo ipi chaiyo iyo yakatarwa traffic centralization point ichave kana inogona kuwanikwa. Kuti uwane mhinduro yakawanda kana shoma isina kujeka, nyanzvi dzinofanirwa kuitisa zvidzidzo zvakatevedzana zvine chekuita nekuongorora kwakadzama kweiyo VoIP network. Semuenzaniso, kujekeswazve kwekuumbwa kwemidziyo, tsananguro yakadzama yemapoinzi painobatidzwa, pamwe nekugona mumamiriro ekutumira inowirirana traffic kunzvimbo yekuunganidza. Mukuwedzera, zviri pachena kuti kubudirira kwekugadzirisa nyaya iri kutariswa zvakananga kunobva pane nzira yekuronga IP yekufambisa network.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, chinhu chekutanga chinopihwa neMMT kukwidziridzwa kwetiweki kwakafanana kwakamborongwa, asi kusati kwapera. Ehe, muverengi anofunga anobva abvunza mubvunzo - chii icho MMT ine chekuita nazvo? Hapana kuwirirana kwakananga pano uye hakugoni kuva, asi ... The Psychology yevanhu vakawanda, kusanganisira avo vanobatanidzwa nenyika yeIT, vanowanzoita nguva yerudzi urwu rwechiitiko kuti rienderane nechimwe chiitiko. Mukana unotevera unotevera kubva kune wakapfuura uye uri muchokwadi chekuti kunyangwe CMT isati yaiswa, Capture Agents inoiswa uye inogadziriswa, uye kutumira kweRTCP meseji kunogoneswa, chero matambudziko angangowanikwa anoda kupindira nekukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, pane imwe nzvimbo "bottleneck" yakaumbwa uye izvi zvinonyatsooneka kunyange pasina nhamba, iyo inogonawo kupiwa neSMT uchishandisa data yakapiwa, somuenzaniso, neRTCP.
Iye zvino ngatidzokere kune yakatsanangurwa maitiro ekuunganidza maitiro atinoda zvakanyanya uye kunyemwerera, tichirangarira mazwi egamba akabatanidzwa muepigraph yechikamu ichi. Chinhu chayo chakakosha, icho chisina kuratidzwa, ndechekuti, sekutonga, manipulations akanyorwa anogona kuitwa nevashandi vakakwana, semuenzaniso, Core Engineers. Nekune rimwe divi, huwandu hwenyaya dzinogadziriswa nekutsvaga dzinogona kusanganisirawo anonzi mabasa enguva dzose. Semuenzaniso, kuona chikonzero nei iyo terminal isina kunyoreswa neanoisa kana mutengi. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinova pachena kuti kugona kwakasarudzika kutora marasi kubva kune vakasarudzwa nyanzvi kunoisa pavari kukosha kwekuita aya mabasa ekugadzira. Izvi hazvibudiriri nekuti zvinotora nguva kubva pakugadzirisa zvimwe zvinonyanya kukosha.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mumakambani mazhinji umo zvinoshuviwa kushandisa chigadzirwa chakadai seCMT, pane dhipatimendi rakakosha iro runyorwa rwemabasa runosanganisira kuita mabasa enguva dzose kuitira kurerutsa dzimwe nyanzvi - dhesiki rebasa, dhesiki rekubatsira kana rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi. Zvakare, ini handisi kuzowana muverengi kana ndikacherekedza kuti nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza uye kugadzikana kwetiweki, kuwanikwa nevainjiniya vekutsigira tekinoroji kunzvimbo dzakanyanya kukosha hazvidiwe (kunyangwe zvichibvira kuti hazvirambidzwe), asi ndizvo chaizvo izvi zvinhu zvetiweki zvine maonero anobatsira kubva pakuona kwekurasira. SMT, nekuda kwekuti inzvimbo yepakati yekuunganidza traffic uye ine intuitive uye yakajeka interface, inokwanisa chaizvo kugadzirisa akati wandei matambudziko akaonekwa. Chimiro chete ndechekuronga kupinda kune iyo interface kubva kunzvimbo dzekushandira dzehunyanzvi hwekutsigira nyanzvi uye, pamwe, nyora chinyorwa cheruzivo pamashandisirwo ayo.
Mukupedzisa, tinocherekedza izvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvinonakidza zvigadzirwa izvo nenzira imwe kana imwe unoita mashandiro akurukurwa pamusoro, kusanganisira: , , , . Kunyangwe nzira yakajairika yekuronga uye kutumirwa, imwe neimwe ine yayo nuances, subjective yakanaka uye yakaipa mativi, uye ese anofanirwa kutariswa zvakasiyana. Iyo ichava musoro wezvimwe zvinhu. Ndinokutendai nekuteerera kwenyu!
UPD (23.05.2019/XNUMX/XNUMX): kune runyorwa rwakapihwa mukupedzisa, zvakakodzera kuwedzera chimwe chigadzirwa, icho munyori akaziva nezvacho nguva pfupi yadarika. - mudiki, mumiriri ari kusimukira kubva kunyika yeSIP traffic monitoring system.
Source: www.habr.com