Iwe wakanyatso kushamisika kuti yakawanda sei purojekiti yako yekuvaka inodhura. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinoshamisa: kukura kwemitengo hakusi mutsara nekuremekedza mitoro. Vazhinji varidzi vemabhizinesi, zviteshi zvemasevhisi uye vanogadzira pachivande vanonzwisisa kuti vari kubhadhara zvakanyanya. Asi nokuda kwei chaizvo?
Kazhinji, mutengo wekucheka unongouya pasi kuti uwane yakachipa mhinduro, chirongwa cheAWS, kana, kana iri yemuviri racks, optimize iyo hardware kumisikidza. Kwete izvozvo chete: chokwadi, chero munhu ari kuita izvi, sekuda kwaMwari: kana tiri kutaura nezvekutanga, saka uyu angangove mugadziri anotungamira ane kutemwa kwemusoro kwakawanda. Mumahofisi makuru, izvi zvinobatwa neCMO/CTO, uye dzimwe nguva mutungamiriri wacho pachake anopindira munyaya iyi pamwe chete nemukuru weakaunzi. Kazhinji, avo vanhu vane zvakakwana "core" zvinonetsa. Uye zvinozoitika kuti mabhiri ezvivakwa ari kukwira, asi avo vasina nguva yekutarisana nazvo vari kubata nazvo.
Kana iwe uchida kutenga mapepa echimbuzi kuhofisi, izvi zvichaitwa nemutungamiriri wekutengesa kana munhu ane mutoro kubva kukambani yekuchenesa. Kana isu tichitaura nezvebudiriro - inotungamira uye CTO. Kutengesa - zvose zvakare zvakajeka. Asi kubva pamazuva ekare, apo "server room" raive zita rekabati umo maive neyakajairwa shongwe system ine RAM shoma uye akati wandei madhiraivha mukupamba, munhu wese (kana vangangoita akawanda) anofuratira chokwadi chekuti kutenga kwekugona kunofanirwa kubatwa zvakare munhu akadzidziswa zvakanyanya.
Maiwe, chiyeuchidzo chezvakaitika kare uye ruzivo runoratidza kuti kwemakumi emakore basa iri rakashandurwa kune "random" vanhu: ani zvake akanga ari pedyo akatora mubvunzo. Uye chete nguva pfupi yadarika iyo FinOps basa rakatanga kuita chimiro pamusika uye kutora imwe kongiri chimiro. Uyu ndiye mumwechete akadzidziswa munhu ane basa rekudzora kutenga nekushandiswa kwesimba. Uye, pakupedzisira, mukuderedza mutengo wekambani munzvimbo ino.
Hatisi kukurudzira kuti tisiye mhinduro dzinodhura uye dzinoshanda: bhizinesi rega rega rinofanirwa kuzvisarudzira zvarinoda kuti pave nehupenyu hwakanaka maererano nehardware uye tariffs yemakore. Asi mumwe haagone kubatsira kunze kwekuteerera kune chokwadi chekuti kutenga pasina kufunga "maererano nerondedzero" pasina kuteedzera uye kuongororwa kwekushandiswa kwemakambani mazhinji kunoguma nekurasikirwa kwakanyanya, kwakanyanya nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka kwe "assets" yebackend yavo.
FinOps ndiani
Ngatiti iwe une bhizinesi rine mukurumbira, iro vanhu vanotengesa vanotaura nezve "bhizinesi" mune inofema toni. Pamwe, "maererano nerondedzero" iwe wakatenga gumi nemaviri kana maviri maseva, AWS uye zvimwe "zvinhu zvidiki". Izvo zvine musoro: mune imwe kambani hombe imwe mhando yekufamba inogara ichiitika - mamwe zvikwata zvinokura, zvimwe zvinoparara, zvimwe zvinoendeswa kune vavakidzani mapurojekiti. Uye musanganiswa wemafambisirwo aya, pamwe chete ne βlist-basedβ procurement mechanism, inozopedzisira yatungamira kune vhudzi jena kana uchitarisa bhiri rinotevera repamwedzi rezvivakwa.
Saka chii chaunofanira kuita - nemoyo murefu ramba uine grey, penda pamusoro payo, kana kuona zvikonzero zvekuonekwa kweaya akawanda anotyisa zero mukubhadhara?
Ngativei vakatendeseka: kubvumirwa, kubvumirwa uye kubhadhara kwakananga kwechikumbiro mukati mekambani kune imwechete AWS mutero haisi nguva dzose (muchokwadi, inenge isingambofi) inokurumidza. Uye chaizvo nekuda kwekufamba kwekambani nguva dzose, zvimwe zvezviwanikwa izvi zvinogona "kurasika" pane imwe nzvimbo. Uye zvidiki kumira zvisina basa. Kana maneja anoteerera akacherekedza rack isina muridzi mukamuri yake yeseva, saka mune yegore tariffs zvese zvinosiririsa. Vanogona kuiswa kwemwedzi - kubhadharwa, asi panguva imwe chete havachadiwi nemunhu chero upi zvake mudhipatimendi ravakatengerwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, vamwe vashandi kubva kuhofisi inotevera vanotanga kubvarura bvudzi ravo risati rachena kwete mumisoro yavo chete, asiwo kune dzimwe nzvimbo - havana kukwanisa kubhadhara mutero wakafanana weAWS wevhiki yemwedzi, inodiwa zvikuru.
Ndeipi mhinduro iri pachena? Ndizvozvo, ipa matomu kune avo vanoshaya, uye munhu wese anofara. Asi kutaurirana kwakatwasuka hakusi nguva dzose kwakasimbiswa. Uye dhipatimendi rechipiri rinogona kunge risingazivi nezvehupfumi hwekutanga, izvo zvakazoitika kuti hazvidi hupfumi uhu.
Ndiani ane mhosva yeizvi? - Chokwadi, hapana. Ndiwo marongerwo anoitwa zvinhu zvese izvozvi.
Ndiani anotambura neizvi? - Ndizvozvo, kambani yose.
Ndiani anogona kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu? - Ehe, hongu, FinOps.
FinOps haingori mutsetse pakati pevagadziri uye midziyo yavanoda, asi munhu kana timu inozoziva kupi, chii uye sei zvakanaka "inorara" maererano neiyo yakafanana tariffs yakatengwa nekambani. Muchokwadi, vanhu ava vanofanirwa kushanda tandem neDevOps, kune rimwe divi, uye dhipatimendi rezvemari kune rimwe, vachitamba basa remurevereri anoshanda uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, muongorori.
Zvishoma nezve optimization
Makore. Zvishoma zvakachipa uye zviri nyore kwazvo. Asi iyi mhinduro inomira kuve yakachipa kana huwandu hwemaseva hwasvika kaviri kana katatu manhamba. Pamusoro pezvo, makore anoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa masevhisi akawanda uye akawanda akange asingawanikwe: aya madhatabhesi sevhisi (Amazon AWS, Azure Database), serverless application (AWS Lambda, Azure Functions) nevamwe vazhinji. Iwo ese anotonhorera nekuti ari nyore kushandisa - tenga uye enda, hapana matambudziko. Asi iyo yakadzama iyo kambani nemapurojekiti ayo anonyura mumakore, iyo CFO inorara zvakanyanya. Uye nekukurumidza mukuru anoshanduka imvi.
Icho chokwadi ndechekuti ma invoice eakasiyana masevhisi emakore anogara achivhiringa zvakanyanya: kune chimwe chinhu unogona kugamuchira matatu-mapeji tsananguro yekuti chii, kupi uye sei mari yako. Izvi, zvechokwadi, zvinofadza, asi zvinenge zvisingabviri kuzvinzwisisa. Uyezve, maonero edu panyaya iyi ari kure kubva kune imwe chete: kuitira kuendesa makore maakaunti kune vanhu, kune masevhisi ese, semuenzaniso. kana . Kana mumwe munhu akazvinetsa kugadzira sevhisi yakaparadzana yekududzira mabhiri, saka chiyero chedambudziko chapfuura mutengo wedhayi rebvudzi.
Saka FinOps inoita sei mumamiriro ezvinhu aya:
- inonzwisisa zvakajeka kuti riini uye mune mavhoriyamu mavhoriyamu ekugadzirisa akatengwa.
- anoziva mashandisirwo aya masimba.
- anoagovera zvakare zvichienderana nezvido zvechimwe chikwata.
- haitengi "kuitira kuti zvive".
- uye pakupedzisira, inokuchengetedza mari.
Muenzaniso wakanaka ndeyekuchengetwa kwegore kwekopi inotonhora yedatabase. Semuenzaniso, unoichengeta here kuitira kuti uderedze huwandu hwenzvimbo uye traffic inopedzwa paunenge uchigadzirisa chengetedzo? Hongu, zvinoita sekunge mamiriro acho akachipa - mune imwechete chaiyo kesi, asi kuwanda kwemamiriro akachipa akadaro gare gare kunozokonzera mutengo wakakura wemakore masevhisi.
Kana imwe mamiriro: iwe wakatenga kuchengetedza huwandu paAWS kana Azure kuitira kuti urege kuwira pasi peak mutoro. Unogona here kuva nechokwadi chekuti iyi ndiyo mhinduro chaiyo? Mushure mezvose, kana zviitiko izvi zvisingaite 80%, saka uri kungopa mari kuAmazon. Uyezve, kune dzakadai, iyo yakafanana AWS neAzure ine zviitiko zvinoputika - nei iwe uchida maseva asina basa, kana iwe uchigona kushandisa chishandiso kugadzirisa matambudziko epamusoro mitoro? Kana, pachinzvimbo cheOn Premise zviitiko, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kuReserved - iwo akachipa zvakanyanya uye ivo zvakare vanopa discounts.
Nenzira, nezve discounts
Sezvatakataura pakutanga, kutenga kunowanzoitwa nemunhu chero upi zvake - vakawana wekupedzisira, uye ipapo anozviita pachake. Kazhinji kacho, vanhu vakatobatikana vanova "zvakanyanya", uye somugumisiro tinowana mamiriro ezvinhu apo munhu nokukurumidza uye nounyanzvi, asi akazvimiririra zvachose, anosarudza kuti chii uye muhuwandu hwekutenga.
Asi kana uchidyidzana nemutengesi kubva kune gore sevhisi, unogona kuwana mamwe mamiriro akanaka kana zvasvika pakutenga kwekutengesa kwehuwandu. Zviripachena kuti haugone kuwana zvidzikiso zvakadaro kubva mumotokari ine chinyararire uye nedivi rekunyoresa - asi mushure mekutaura nemaneja chaiye wekutengesa, unogona kupisa. Kana kuti vakomana ava vanogona kukuudza zvavari parizvino vane discounts pa. Inogonawo kubatsira.
Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti mwenje hauna kusangana senge weji paAWS kana Azure. Ehe, hapana mubvunzo wekuronga yako wega server kamuri - asi kune dzimwe nzira kune idzi mbiri dzekirasi mhinduro kubva kune hofori.
Semuyenzaniso, Google yakaunza Firebase chikuva kumakambani, kwaanogona kubata imwechete mobile purojekiti pane turnkey hwaro, izvo zvingada kukurumidza kuyera. Kuchengetedza, chaiyo-nguva dhatabhesi, kutambira uye gore data kuwiriranisa uchishandisa iyi mhinduro semuenzaniso unowanikwa munzvimbo imwechete.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kana tisingatauri nezve monolithic purojekiti, asi pamusoro pehuwandu hwavo, saka mhinduro yepakati haisi nguva dzose inobatsira. Kana iyo purojekiti yakagara kwenguva refu, iine nhoroondo yayo yekuvandudza uye huwandu hunoenderana hwe data inodiwa kuchengetedza, saka zvakakodzera kufunga nezve yakawedzera kupatsanurwa kuiswa.
Paunenge uchikwenenzvera mitengo yemasevhisi emakore, unogona kuerekana waona kuti kune bhizinesi-yakakosha maapplication iwe unogona kutenga mamwe ane simba emitero ayo anopa kambani mari isingakanganiswe. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuchengetedza "nhaka" yekuvandudza, zvinyorwa zvekare, zvinyorwa, nezvimwewo mumakore anodhura ndiyo mhinduro. Mushure mezvose, kune data rakadaro, yakajairwa dhata data ine yakajairwa HDD uye yepakati-simba Hardware isina chero mabhero uye muridzo yakanyatsokodzera.
Pano zvakare, unogona kufunga kuti "kupopotedzana uku hakuna kukosha," asi dambudziko rose rebhuku rino rinobva pakuti panguva dzakasiyana-siyana vanhu vane mutoro vanoregeredza zvinhu zviduku uye vanoita zviri nyore uye zvinokurumidza. Izvo, pakupedzisira, mushure memakore akati wandei zvinoguma mune iwo anotyisa maakaundi.
Chii mumagumo?
Kazhinji, makore anotonhorera, anogadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji ebhizinesi chero saizi. Nekudaro, hutsva hwechiitiko ichi zvinoreva kuti isu hatisati tine tsika yekushandisa uye manejimendi. FinOps ibasa resangano rinokubatsira kuti uwedzere simba regore zvakanyanya. Chinhu chikuru hachisi chekushandura chinzvimbo ichi kuita analogue yechikwata chevanopfuta, iro basa richava rekubata vasina hanya vanogadzira neruoko uye "kuvatuka" nekuda kwekunonoka.
Vagadziri vanofanirwa kusimudzira, kwete kuverenga mari yekambani. Uye saka FinOps inofanirwa kuita ese maitirwo ekutenga uye maitiro ekubvisa kana kuendesa gore kune zvimwe zvikwata chiitiko chiri nyore uye chinonakidza kumapato ese.
Source: www.habr.com