Kugadzira uye kumisikidza Minecraft server

Minecraft ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa mitambo yepamhepo nhasi. Mumakore asingasviki matatu (yekutanga kuburitswa kwepamutemo kwakaitika mukudonha kwe2011), akawana mamirioni evateveri pasi rese.

Vagadziri vemutambo vanotarisa nemaune pamienzaniso yakanakisa yemakore makumi maviri apfuura, apo mitambo mizhinji yaive, nemaitiro anhasi, echinyakare maererano nemifananidzo uye isina kukwana maererano nekushandiswa, asi panguva imwechete yainakidza chaizvo.

Kufanana nemitambo yese yebhokisi rejecha, Minecraft inopa mushandisi mikana mikuru yekugadzira - ichi, chokwadi, ndicho chakavanzika chikuru chekuzivikanwa kwayo.

Masevha emitambo yevatambi vakawanda akarongwa nevatambi vacho pachavo nenharaunda dzavanogara. Nhasi kune makumi ezviuru emaseva emutambo anoshanda paInternet (ona, semuenzaniso, runyorwa pano).

Kune vazhinji vateveri vemutambo uyu pakati pevatengi vedu, uye ivo vanorenda michina kubva kunzvimbo dzedu dzedata kumapurojekiti emitambo. Muchinyorwa chino tichataura pamusoro pezvipi zvehunyanzvi mapoinzi aunoda kutarisisa pakusarudza sevha
Minecraft

Kusarudza chikuva

Minecraft inosanganisira zvinotevera zvekuvaka zvinhu:

1. server - chirongwa kuburikidza nevatambi vanodyidzana nemumwe pamusoro petiweki;
2. mutengi - chirongwa chekubatanidza kune server, chakaiswa pakombuta yemutambi;
3. plugins - akawedzera kune sevha anowedzera mabasa matsva kana kuwedzera ekare;
4. mods mawedzero kumutambo wenyika (mabhuraki matsva, zvinhu, maficha).

Kune akawanda sevha mapuratifomu eMinecraft. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye yakakurumbira Vanilla uye Bukkit.

Vanilla Iyi ipuratifomu yepamutemo kubva kune vanogadzira mutambo. Inogoverwa mune ese ari maviri graphical uye console shanduro. Imwe vhezheni itsva yeVanilla inogara ichibuda panguva imwe chete senge vhezheni itsva yeMinecraft.

Iyo yakaderera yeVanilla ndeyekunyanyisa ndangariro kushandiswa (inenge 50 MB pamutambi). Imwe dhizaini yakakosha kushaikwa kwema plugins.

bukkit yakagadzirwa neboka revanhu vanofarira vakaedza kuvandudza iyo yepamutemo Minecraft server. Kuedza kwacho kwakave kwakabudirira chaizvo: Bukkit yakakura kwazvo mukushanda kupfuura Vanilla, zvakanyanya nekuda kwerutsigiro rweakasiyana mods uye plugins. Panguva imwecheteyo, inopedza ndangariro shoma pamutambi - angangoita 5-10 MB.

Izvo zvakashata zveBukkit ndezvekuti zvinotora RAM yakawandisa kana uchimhanya. Mukuwedzera, iyo yakareba sevha inomhanya, iyo inowedzera ndangariro inoda (kunyangwe paine vashoma vatambi). Paunosarudza Bukkit sevhavha, unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti shanduro dzayo itsva, sekutonga, dzine zvikanganiso; Iyo yakagadzika vhezheni inowanzoitika ingangoita 2-3 mavhiki mushure mekunge iyo yepamutemo vhezheni yeMinecraft yaburitswa.

Uye zvakare, mamwe mapuratifomu achangobva kuwana mukurumbira (semuenzaniso, Spout, MCPC uye MCPC +), asi iwo ane mashoma kuenderana neVanilla uye Bukkit uye yakanyanya kushomeka rutsigiro rwema mods (semuenzaniso, yeSpout unogona kungonyora mods kubva pakutanga). Kana vakashandiswa, saka chete kuedza.

Kuronga sevha yemutambo, tinokurudzira kushandisa Bukkit chikuva, sezvo iriyo inonyanya kushanduka; Mukuwedzera, kune akawanda akasiyana mods uye plugins ayo. Iko kushanda kwakagadzikana kweMinecraft server zvakanyanya kunoenderana nesarudzo chaiyo yepuratifomu yehardware. Ngationgororei nyaya iyi zvakadzama.

Hardware Zvinodiwa

Ose ari maviri Minecraft server uye mutengi ari kudiwa zvakanyanya pane system zviwanikwa.
Paunenge uchisarudza chikuva chehardware, iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti yakawanda-musimboti processor haizopa mukana wakawanda: iyo Minecraft server musimboti inogona kushandisa imwechete computation tambo. Chechipiri musimboti, zvisinei, chingave chinobatsira: mamwe maplugins anoitwa mushinda dzakasiyana, uye Java inoshandisawo zvakawanda zviwanikwa ...

Naizvozvo, kune Minecraft server, zviri nani kusarudza processor ine yakakwirira single-core performance. Iyo yakanyanya simba mbiri-musimboti processor ichave yakanakira kune yakawanda-musimboti processor isina simba shoma. Pamaforamu akasarudzika, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa ma processor ane wachi frequency inokwana 3 GHz.

Kuti ishande yakajairika yeMinecraft server, yakawanda RAM inodiwa. Bukkit inotora inenge 1GB ye RAM; uyezve, kune mumwe nemumwe mutambi, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kubva pa5 kusvika ku10 MB akagoverwa. Plugins uye mods zvakare inopedza yakawanda ndangariro. Kune sevha ine 30 - 50 vatambi, saka, iwe uchada kanenge 4 GB ye RAM.

MuMinecraft, zvakawanda (semuenzaniso, kurodha ma plugins akafanana) zvinoenderana nekumhanya kwefaira system. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kusarudza sevha ine SSD dhisiki. Spindle disks haafanire kuve akakodzera nekuda kweiyo yakaderera random kuverenga kumhanya.

Iko kumhanya kweinternet yako yekubatanidza kwakakosha zvakare. Pamutambo we40-50 vanhu, chiteshi che10 Mb / s chakakwana. Nekudaro, kune avo vari kuronga yakakura minecraft purojekiti, kusanganisira webhusaiti, foramu uye ine simba mepu, zvinodikanwa kwazvo kuve nechiteshi chine bandwidth yakawanda.

Ndeipi chaiyo gadziriso yakanakisa kusarudza? Kubva magadzirirwo atinopa Tinokurudzira kuti utarise kune zvinotevera:

• Intel Core 2 Duo E8400 3GHz, 6GB RAM, 2x500GB SATA, 3000 RUR/mwedzi;
• Intel Core 2 Quad Q8300 2.5GHz, 6GB RAM, 2x500GB SATA, 3500 rub/mwedzi. - Isu tinoshandisa iyi gadziriso kune yedu MineCraft test server, paunogona kutamba izvozvi (maitirwo eizvi akanyorwa pazasi);
• Intel Core i3-2120 3.3GHz, 8GB RAM, 2x500GB SATA, 3500 RUR/mwedzi.

Aya magadzirirwo akanyatsokodzera kugadzira Minecraft server ye30-40 vatambi. Kumwe kukanganisa kushaikwa kweSSD madhiraivha, asi isu tinopa imwe yakakosha mukana: yakavimbiswa 100 Mb/s chiteshi pasina chero zvirambidzo kana zviyero. Paunenge uchiraira zvese zvigadziriso zvakanyorwa pamusoro, hapana mari yekuseta.

Isu zvakare tine zvakawanda zvinogadzira, asi panguva imwe chete, zvakasikwa, zvinodhura maseva (kana uchiraira izvi zvigadziriso, mari yekuisa haina kubhadhariswa):

• 2x Intel Xeon 5130, 2GHz, 8GB RAM, 4x160GB SATA, 5000 rub / mwedzi;
• 2x IntelXeon 5504, 2GHz, 12GB RAM, 3x1TB SATA, 9000 rub/mwedzi.

Isu tinokurudzirawo kuterera kune itsva bhajeti modhi ine SSD drive yakavakirwa paIntel Atom C2758 processor: Intel Atom C2758 2.4 GHz, 16 GB RAM, 2x240 GB SSD, 4000 rubles / mwedzi, yekuisa kubhadhara - 3000 rubles.

Kuisa uye kumhanyisa sevha yeBukkit paOC Ubuntu

Tisati taisa sevha, ngatigadzire mushandisi mutsva uye tiwedzere kuboka re sudo:

$ sudo useradd -m -s /bin/bash <username> $ sudo adduser <username> sudo

Tevere, isu tichaisa password pasi iyo iyo yakasikwa mushandisi ichabatana kune server:

$ sudo passwd <username>

Ngatibatanei zvakare kune server pasi peakaundi nyowani uye titange kuisirwa.
Minecraft yakanyorwa muJava, saka iyo Java Runtime Environment inofanirwa kuiswa pane server.

Ngatigadzirise rondedzero yemapakeji aripo:

$ sudo apt-get update

Wobva wamhanya murairo unotevera:

$ sudo apt-tora kuisa default-jdk

Kuisa uye kumhanya Bukkit, zvinokurudzirwawo kuisa terminal multiplexer - semuenzaniso, skrini (iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mamwe materminal multiplexers - ona yedu. ongorora):

$ sudo apt-tora yekuisa skrini

Screen ichadikanwa kana tikabatanidza kune server yemutambo kuburikidza ne ssh. Nerubatsiro rwayo, unogona kumhanya iyo Minecraft server mune yakaparadzana terminal hwindo, uye kunyangwe mushure mekuvhara ssh mutengi, sevha inoshanda.

Ngatigadzire dhairekitori umo mafaera eseva achachengetwa:

$ mkdir bukkit $ cd bukkit

Mushure mezvo ngatiendei Bukkit yepamutemo webhusaiti yekurodha peji. Muchikamu chekurudyi chepeji iwe unogona kuona chinongedzo kune ichangoburwa yakakurudzirwa kuvaka sevha. Tinokurudzira kuidhaunirodha:

$ wget <yakakurudzirwa shanduro link>

Zvino ngatitangei skrini:

$ sudo skrini

uye shandisa murairo unotevera:

$ java -Xmx1024M -jar craftbukkit.jar -o nhema

Ngatitsanangurirei kuti parameters yakashandiswa inorevei:

• Xmx1024M - yakawanda huwandu hwe RAM pane server;
• jar craftbukkit.jar - kiyi kune server;
• o nhema - inobvumira kupinda kune sevha kubva kune pirated vatengi.

Sevha ichatangwa.
Iwe unogona kumisa sevha nekunyora iyo yekumisa command mune console.

Kuisa uye kugadzirisa server

Settings sevha yakachengetwa mu server.properties configuration file. Iine zvinotevera parameters:

• jenareta-zvigadziro - inoisa template yekugadzira superflat nyika;
• bvumira-nether - inosarudza mukana wekutamira kuNyika yepasi. Nekumisikidza, kuseta uku kunoiswa kuti kuve chokwadi. Kana ikaiswa kunhema, ipapo vatambi vese vanobva kuNether vachaendeswa kune yakajairika;
• level-zita - zita refolda ine mafaera emepu ayo achashandiswa panguva yemutambo. Iyo dhairekitori iri mune imwechete dhairekitori uko server mafaera ari. Kana pasina dhairekitori rakadaro, sevha inongogadzira nyika itsva uye inoiisa mudhairekitori ine zita rimwechete;
• gonesa-mubvunzo - kana yaiswa kuchokwadi, inomisa iyo GameSpy4 protocol yekuteerera sevha;
• bvumidza-ndege - inobvumira ndege dzakatenderedza Minecraft nyika. Iko kukosha kweiyo nhema (ndege dzinorambidzwa);
• server-port - inoratidza chiteshi chichashandiswa nesevha yemutambo. Iyo yakajairika port yeMinecraft ndeye 25565. Hazvikurudzirwe kushandura kukosha kweiyi parameter;
• nhanho-rudzi - inosarudza rudzi rwepasi (DEFAUT / FLAT / LARGEBIOMES);
• enable-rcon - inobvumira kupinda kure kune server console. By default yakaremara (nhema);
• level-seed - data yekupinza yejenareta yezinga. Kuti ugone kugadzira nyika dzisina kurongeka, munda uyu unofanirwa kusiiwa usina chinhu;
• simba-gamemode - inoisa yakajairwa mutambo modhi yevatambi vanobatana neserver;
• server-ip - inoratidza IP kero ichashandiswa nevatambi kuti vabatanidze kune server;
• max-build-height - inoratidza hurefu hwepamusoro hwechivako pane server. Kukosha kwaro kunofanira kuva kuwanda kwe16 (64, 96, 256, nezvimwewo);
• spawn-npcs - inobvumira (kana yakaiswa kuchokwadi) kana inorambidza (kana ichiiswa kunhema) kutaridzika kweNPC mumisha;
• white-list - inogonesa kana kudzima kushandiswa kwewhite list yevatambi paserver. Kana yaiswa kuti ichokwadi, manejari achakwanisa kugadzira runyoro ruchena nekuwedzera nemazita emutambi kwairi. Kana kukosha kuri kwenhema, saka chero mushandisi anoziva kero yayo yeIP uye port anogona kuwana sevha;
• spawn-mhuka - inobvumira kubereka otomatiki kwemhomho dzine hushamwari kana ikaiswa kuchokwadi);
• snooper-enabled - inobvumira sevha kutumira nhamba uye data kune vanogadzira;
• hardcore - inogonesa Hardcore mode pane server;
• texture-pac - texture faira iyo ichashandiswa kana mutambi akabatana nevhavha. Kukosha kweiyi parameter izita rezip archive ine mavara, ayo anochengetwa mudhairekitori rimwechete sevhavha;
• online-modhi - inogonesa kutarisa kwekutanga maakaundi evashandisi vanobatana neserver. Kana iyi parameter ikaiswa kuti ichokwadi, chete premium account holders ndivo vachakwanisa kuwana server. Kana kusimbiswa kweakaundi kwakadzimwa (kuiswa kune nhema), ipapo chero vashandisi vanogona kuwana sevha (kusanganisira, semuenzaniso, vatambi vakanyepedzera zita ravo remadunhurirwa), izvo zvinogadzira dzimwe njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Kana kutarisa kwakadzimwa, unogona kutamba Minecraft pamusoro penetiweki yemuno, pasina mukana weInternet;
• pvp - inobvumira kana kurambidza vatambi kurwa. Kana iyi parameter ichokwadi, saka vatambi vanogona kuparadzana. Kana ikaiswa kunhema, vatambi havagone kukuvadzana kune mumwe nemumwe;
• kuoma - inoisa nhanho yekuoma kwemutambo. Inogona kutora kukosha kubva ku0 (nyore) kusvika ku3 (yakanyanya kuoma);
• gamemode - inoratidza kuti ndeapi maitiro emutambo achagadzirirwa vatambi vanopinda museva. Inogona kutora maitiro anotevera: 0 - Kupona, 1-Creative, 2-Adventure;
• player-idle-timeout - nguva yekusaita (mumaminitsi), mushure mezvo vatambi vanobviswa kubva kune server;
• max-vatambi - iyo yakanyanya kubvumidzwa nhamba yevatambi paserver (kubva pa0 kusvika 999);
• spawn-monsters - inobvumira (kana ikaiswa kuchokwadi) kubereka kwemhomho dzine utsinye;
• gadzira-zvimiro - inogonesa (yechokwadi) / inodzima (nhema) chizvarwa chezvivakwa (pfuma, nhare, misha);
• kuona-kure - inogadzirisa radius yeakagadziridzwa chunks kuti atumire kumutambi; inogona kutora kukosha kubva pa3 kusvika ku15.

Minecraft server matanda anonyorerwa kune server.log faira. Inochengetwa mune imwechete folda sevhavha mafaera. Iyo log inogara ichikura muhukuru, ichitora yakawanda uye yakawanda disk nzvimbo. Iwe unogona kugadzirisa basa rekugadzira matanda uchishandisa iyo inonzi inotenderera yelogi. Pakutenderera, chinhu chakakosha chinoshandiswa - logrotate. Inogadzirisa nhamba yezvinyorwa murogi kune imwe muganhu.

Iwe unogona kugadzirisa kutenderera kwelog kuitira kuti zvese zvinopinda zvibviswe nekukurumidza kana faira regi rasvika pane imwe saizi. Iwe unogona zvakare kuseta nguva mushure mekunge zvese zvinyorwa zvekare zvichaonekwa sezvisina basa uye zvakadzimwa.

Basic rotation settings dziri mu/etc/logrotate.conf file; Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kugadzira marongero ega ega application. Mafaira ane marongero ega anochengetwa mu/etc/logrotate.d dhairekitori.

Ngatigadzire mameseji faira /etc/logrotate.d/craftbukkit uye tiise anotevera paramita mairi:

/home/craftbukkit/server.log {tenderera 2 vhiki nevhiki compress missok notifmpty}

Ngatitarisei zvazvinoreva zvakadzama:

• iyo inotenderera parameter inotsanangura nhamba yekutenderera isati yabvisa faira;
• vhiki nevhiki inoratidza kuti kutenderera kuchaitwa vhiki nevhiki (iwe unogonawo kuisa mamwe maparameters: pamwedzi - pamwedzi uye zuva nezuva - zuva nezuva);
• compress inotsanangura kuti matanda akachengetwa anofanira kumanikidzwa (iyo reverse sarudzo ndeye nocompress);
• Missok inoratidza kuti kana pasina faira regi, unofanira kuramba uchishanda uye usaratidze mameseji ekukanganisa;
• notifempty inotsanangura kusachinja faira regi kana isina chinhu.

Iwe unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve log rotation marongero pano.

Optimization Tips

Ngatitangei nekukasira kuti chikamu ichi chipe matipi ane chekuita chete nekugadzirisa iyo server yemutambo. Matambudziko ekugadzirisa zvakanaka uye optimize sevha iyo Minecraft yakaisirwa inyaya yakaparadzana iyo iri pamusoro pechikamu chechinyorwa ichi; vaverengi vanofarira vanogona nyore kuwana ruzivo rwavanoda paInternet.

Imwe yematambudziko akajairika anomuka kana uchitamba Minecraft ndiyo inonzi lags - mamiriro apo chirongwa hachipindure kune yekumisikidza mushandisi nenguva. Zvinogona kukonzerwa nematambudziko kudivi remutengi uye sevhavha. Pazasi isu tinopa kurudziro inozobatsira kudzikisa mukana wematambudziko anoitika padivi reseva.

Gara uchitarisa mashandisirwo endangariro sevha uye plugins

Memory kushandiswa kunogona kutariswa uchishandisa yakasarudzika administrative plugins - semuenzaniso, LagMeter.

Ramba wakatarisa plugin updates

Sezvo mutemo, vanogadzira plugins itsva vanoedza kuderedza mutoro neshanduro imwe neimwe itsva.

Edza kusashandisa akawanda plugins ane mashandiro akafanana

Mahombe plugins (semuenzaniso Essentials, AdminCMD, CommandBook) kazhinji anosanganisira kushanda kweakawanda madiki maplugins. Semuenzaniso, iyo Essential yakafanana ine mabasa eiyo iConomy, uHome, OpenInv, VanishNoPacket, Kit plugins. Diki plugins, iyo mashandiro ayo akafukidzwa zvachose nekushanda kweimwe yakakura, kazhinji inogona kubviswa kuitira kuti isaremedze sevha.

Dzora mepu uye uzviise wega

Kana iwe ukasadzikamisa mepu, mutoro uri paserver uchawedzera zvakanyanya. Unogona kudzikamisa mepu uchishandisa plugin WorldBorder. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kumhanya iyi plugin uye kumhanya iyo / wb 200 kuraira, uye wozodhirowa mepu uchishandisa iyo / wb kuzadza kuraira.

Kudhirowa, hongu, kunotora nguva yakawanda, asi zviri nani kuzviita kamwe chete, kuvhara sevha yebasa rehunyanzvi. Kana mutambi wega wega akadhirowa mepu, sevha inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma.

Tsiva zvinorema-basa plugins neanokurumidza uye mashoma-anonyanya kushandisa zviwanikwa

Haasi ese maplugins eMinecraft anogona kunzi akabudirira: anowanzo aine akawanda asingakoshi uye asina basa mabasa, uye dzimwe nguva anoshandisa ndangariro zhinji. Zviri nani kutsiva asina kubudirira plugins nemamwe mamwe (kune akawanda kwazvo). Semuenzaniso, iyo LWC plugin inogona kutsiviwa neWgfix+ MachineGuard, uye DynMap plugin ine Minecraft Overviewer.

Gara uchibvisa kudonha kana kuisa plugin kuti ubvise otomatiki kudonha

Madonhwe mumitambo zvinhu zvinodonha kana mhomho yafa kana mamwe mabhuroko aparadzwa. Kuchengeta uye kugadzirisa madonhwe kunotora yakawanda sisitimu zviwanikwa.

Kuita kuti sevha ishande nekukurumidza, zvinokurudzirwa kudzima kudonha. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitwa uchishandisa yakakosha plugins - semuenzaniso, NoLagg kana McClean.

Usashandise anti-cheats

Izvo zvinonzi anti-cheats zvinowanzoiswa pamasevha emutambo - mapurogiramu anovhara kuedza kupesvedzera mutambo nenzira dzekusatendeseka.

Kune anti-cheats yeMinecraft zvakare. Chero anti-cheat inogara ichiwedzera mutoro pane server. Zviri nani kuisa dziviriro kune yekuvhura (iyo, zvisinei, isingapi yakakwana vimbiso yekuchengetedza uye inoputsika nyore - asi iyi inyaya yehurukuro yakaparadzana) uye yemutengi.

Pane mhedziso

Chero mirairo uye kurudziro inova inoshanda zvakanyanya kana ichitsigirwa nemienzaniso chaiyo. Zvichienderana nemirairo yekuisa pamusoro, isu takagadzira yedu Minecraft server uye takaisa zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinhu pamepu.

Hezvino izvo zvatakawana:

• Bukkit server - yakagadzikana yakakurudzirwa shanduro 1.6.4;
• Statistics plugin - kuunganidza nhamba nezvevatambi;
• WorldBorder plugin - kudhirowa uye kudzikisira mepu;
• WorldGuard plugin (+WorldEdit sekutsamira) - kuchengetedza dzimwe nzvimbo.

Tinokoka munhu wese kuti atambe pairi: kubatanidza, wedzera sevha itsva uye isa kero mncrft.slc.tl.

Isu tichafara kana iwe ukagovera yako ruzivo rwekuisa, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa MineCraft maseva mune zvakataurwa uye utiudze kuti ndeapi mods uye plugins iwe yaunofarira uye nei.

Nhau dzakanaka: Kubva Nyamavhuvhu 1, mari yekuisa yeakazvitsaurira-yakagadziriswa maseva yakaderedzwa ne50%. Iye zvino iyo imwe-nguva yekuseta kubhadhara ndeye 3000 rubles chete.

Vaverengi vasingakwanise kusiya mhinduro pano vanokokwa kutishanyira pa блог.

Source: www.habr.com