Kare isu nezve Continuous Integration (CI). Ngatienderere mberi neContinuous Delivery. Iyi seti yenzira dzekuvandudza software. Inobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti kodhi yako yakagadzirira kutumirwa.
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ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ
Izwi rekuti kuenderera mberi nekutumira rinogona kuoneka kumashure kubva muna 2001 pakutanga kwerondedzero yemisimboti: "Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekugadzirisa matambudziko evatengi kuburikidza nekuenderera mberi kwekutumira software yemazuva ano."
Muna 2010, Jez Humble naDavid Farley vakaburitswa by Kuenderera mberi Kuendeswa. Maererano nevanyori, CD inozadzisa nzira uye inobvumidza iwe kurerutsa gadziriro yekodhi yekutumirwa.
Mushure mekudhindwa kwebhuku, nzira yacho yakatanga kuve yakakurumbira uye mumakore mashoma yakasvika pakugamuchirwa pasi rose. Maererano ne , yakaitwa pakati pevanopfuura 600 vagadziri uye IT mamaneja muna 2014, 97% yehunyanzvi mamaneja uye 84% yevagadziri vepurogiramu vaiziva neKuenderera mberi Kuendeswa.
Iye zvino nzira iyi inoramba iri imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa. Zvinoenderana neongororo ye2018 inosanganisira iyo IT nharaunda DevOps uye Jenkins Nharaunda, iyo hafu yevanopfuura chiuru vakabvunzwa vakabvunzwa.
Ko Continuous Delivery inoshanda sei?
Iyo CD hwaro ndiko kugadzirira kwekodhi yekutumirwa. Kuti uite basa iri, otomatiki yemaitiro ekugadzirira software yekuburitswa inoshandiswa. Inofanirwa kuve yakajairwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekusimudzira, izvo zvichabatsira kukurumidza kuwana husina simba mapoinzi uye nekuagonesa. Somuenzaniso, kurumidza kuedza.
Muenzaniso weContinuous Delivery process inoita seizvi:
Kana iyo Continuous Integration maitiro iine basa rekuita otomatiki matanho maviri ekutanga, saka Kuenderera Kuendesa kune basa kune maviri anotevera. Kugadzikana kwemaitiro kunovimbiswa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nehurongwa . Ivo vanotarisa shanduko muzvivakwa, dhatabhesi uye zvinoenderana. Iyo yekutumirwa pachayo inogona kuita otomatiki kana kuitwa nemaoko.
Zvinotevera zvinodikanwa zvinoiswa pakuita:
- Kuvepo kweruzivo nezve kugadzirira kupinda munzvimbo yekugadzira uye kugadzirira kusunungurwa nekukurumidza (CD zvishandiso zvinoongorora kodhi uye zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora mhedzisiro yekuchinja mukuburitswa).
- Zvose mutoro wechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Chikwata chechigadzirwa - mamaneja, vanogadzira, vanoedza - funga nezve mhedzisiro, uye kwete chete nezve nharaunda yavo yebasa (mhedzisiro kuburitswa kwekushanda kunowanikwa kune vashandisi vechigadzirwa).
MumaCD inowanzoshandiswa , uye yekuunganidza maonero evatengi - musimboti . Chinhu chitsva chinotanga kuburitswa kune chikamu chidiki chevashandisi - ruzivo rwavo rwekudyidzana nechigadzirwa chinobatsira kuwana zvikanganiso uye tsikidzi dzisina kucherechedzwa panguva yekuyedzwa kwemukati.
Chii chinobatsira
Kuenderera mberi Kuendesa kunobatsira kurerutsa kodhi yekuendesa, iyo ine mhedzisiro yakanaka pakubudirira uye inoderedza mukana wekuneta kwevashandi. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvinoderedza mari yekusimudzira. Semuenzaniso, CD yakabatsira chimwe chezvikwata zveHP mari yakadaro ne40%.
Mukuwedzera, maererano nekudzidza kwe2016 (peji 28 ) - makambani akaita CD anogadzirisa matambudziko ekuchengetedza ruzivo 50% nekukurumidza kupfuura avo vasingashandisi nzira. Kusvika pamwero wakati, mutsauko uyu unogona kutsanangurwa nekuita kwemaitiro otomatiki maturusi.
Imwe yekuwedzera ndeye kukurumidza kwekuburitswa. Kuenderera mberi nekutumira kuFinnish budiriro studio wedzera kumhanya kwekodhi yekubatanidza ne25%.
Zvinogona Kuoma
Dambudziko rekutanga uye rakakura kudiwa kwekuvakazve maitiro akajairwa. Kuti uratidze mabhenefiti eiyo nzira nyowani, zvakakosha kushandura kuCD zvishoma nezvishoma, kutanga kwete neakanyanya kushanda-yakanyanya maapplication.
Dambudziko rechipiri rinogona kuitika ndiro nhamba huru yematavi ekodhi. Mhedzisiro ye "bazi" inogara ichipokana uyezve kurasikirwa kwehuwandu hwenguva. Zvinogoneka mhinduro - nzira .
Kunyanya, mune mamwe makambani matambudziko makuru anomuka nekuyedza - zvinotora nguva yakawandisa. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo kazhinji inofanirwa kuongororwa nemaoko, asi mhinduro inogona kunge iri yekufananidza bvunzo mumatanho ekutanga ekushandiswa kweCD.
Iwe unofanirwawo kudzidzisa vashandi kuti vashande nemidziyo mitsva - chirongwa chekutanga chedzidzo chinochengetedza vanogadzira simba uye nguva.
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Tools
Heano mashoma maturusi akavhurika eKuenderera mberi Delivery:
- - sevha yekuenderera mberi kuburitsa muJava uye JRuby pane Rails. Inokutendera iwe kudzora iyo yese application yekuunza maitiro: kuvaka-bvunzo-kuburitswa. Chishandiso ichi chakagoverwa pasi peiyo Apache 2.0 rezinesi. Iwe unogona kuzviwana pane yepamutemo webhusaiti .
- - dhizaini yekugadzira zvinyorwa zvinogadzirisa kutumira kwekushandisa muRuby, Java kana PHP. Capistrano inokwanisa kuita mirairo pamushini uri kure nekubatanidza nayo kuburikidza neSSH. Inoshanda nemamwe anoenderera mberi ekubatanidza uye ekutumira maturusi, akadai seIntegrity CI server.
- chishandiso chakawanda-chikuva chinogadzirisa iyo yese yekuvandudza application kutenderera. Gradle inoshanda neJava, Python, C/C ++, Scala, etc. Pane kubatanidzwa neEclipse, IntelliJ uye Jenkins.
- - CD chikuva mumutauro weGo. Drone inogona kuiswa pane-nzvimbo kana mugore. Ichi chishandiso chakavakirwa pamusoro pemidziyo uye chinoshandisa YAML mafaera kuagadzirisa.
- - ipuratifomu yekuenderera mberi kodhi kuendesa mune akawanda-makore masisitimu. Yakagadzirwa neNetflix, mainjiniya eGoogle akaita basa rakakura mukuvandudza chishandiso. Kuisa mirayiridzo .
Zvekuverenga pane yedu corporate blog:
Source: www.habr.com