Midziyo miviri kubva kumugadziri weRussia "Kroks" yakaunzwa kuti iongororwe yakazvimirira bvunzo. Aya madiki madiki radio frequency metres, anoti: spectrum analyzer ine yakavakirwa-mukati masaini jenareta, uye vector network analyzer (reflectometer). Maturusi ese ari maviri ane huwandu hunosvika 6,2 GHz mune yepamusoro frequency.
Paive nechido chekunzwisisa kana aya angori imwe homwe "mamita ekuratidzira" (matoyi), kana zvishandiso zvinonyanya kukosha, nekuti mugadziri anozviisa: - "Chishandiso chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kweredhiyo yeamateur, sezvo isiri iyo yekuyeresa yehunyanzvi. .β
Attention vaverengi! Aya maedzo akaitwa nemaamateurs, pasina nzira yekuzviti ndeye metrological zvidzidzo zvekuyeresa zviridzwa, zvichibva pane zviyero zverejista yehurumende uye nezvimwe zvese zvine chekuita neizvi. MaRadio amateurs anofarira kutarisa zviyero zvekufananidza zvezvishandiso zvinowanzo shandiswa mukuita (antenna, mafirita, attenuators), uye kwete theoretical "abstractions", sechinyakare mune metrology, semuenzaniso: mitoro isingaenderane, mitsara yekutapurirana isina kufanana, kana zvikamu. yemitsara mipfupi-yakatenderedzwa, isina kuisirwa muyedzo iyi yakashandiswa.
Kuti udzivise pesvedzero yekukanganisa kana uchienzanisa antennas, anechoic chamber, kana nzvimbo yakavhurika, inodiwa. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekutanga, zviyero zvakaitirwa kunze, ma antennas ese ane nzira yekunongedza "akatarisa" mudenga, akaiswa patripod, pasina kutamiswa munzvimbo pakuchinja zvishandiso.
Miedzo yakashandisa chikamu-yakagadzikana coaxial feeder yekirasi yekuyera, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C, uye N-SMA adapters kubva kumakambani anozivikanwa: Midwest Microwave, Amphenol, Pasternack, Narda.
Yakachipa yeChinese-yakagadzirwa adapter haina kushandiswa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekudzokorora kwekusangana panguva yekubatanidzazve, uye zvakare nekuda kwekudeurwa kweiyo isina simba antioxidant coating, yavakashandisa pachinzvimbo cheyakajairwa goridhe plating ...
Kuti uwane akaenzana mamiriro ekuenzanisa, pamberi peyero imwe neimwe, zviridzwa zvakayerwa neyakafanana seti yeOSL calibrators, mune imwechete frequency bhendi uye ikozvino tembiricha renji. OSL inomirira "Open", "Short", "Load", kureva kuti, yakajairwa seti yecalibration zviyero: "open circuit test", "short circuit test" uye "terminated load 50,0 ohms" iyo inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirisa vector. network analyzers. Kune iyo SMA fomati, takashandisa iyo Anritsu 22S50 calibration kit, yakajairwa mu frequency renji kubva kuDC kusvika 26,5 GHz, chinongedzo kune dhatabheti (49 mapeji):
YeN mhando yefomati calibration, zvichiteerana Anritsu OSLN50-1, yakajairwa kubva kuDC kuenda ku6 GHz.
Kupimwa kwakayerwa pamutoro unofananidzwa wecalibrator yaive 50 Β± 0,02 Ohm. Izvo zviyero zvakaitwa neyakasimbiswa, marabhoritari-giredhi chaiyo multimeters kubva kuHP neFluke.
Kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi chechokwadi, pamwe chete nemamiriro akaenzana akaenzana mukuenzanisa bvunzo, yakafanana IF sefa bandwidth yakaiswa pamidziyo, nekuti iyo yakatetepa bhendi iyi, iyo yakakwirira kuyerwa kwechiyero uye chiratidzo-ku-ruzha chiyero. Nhamba huru yekuongorora nzvimbo (padyo ne1000) yakasarudzwa zvakare.
Kuti uzvizive nemabasa ese eiyo reflectometer iri mubvunzo, pane chinongedzo kune yakaratidzwa fekitori mirairo:
Pamberi peyero yega yega, nzvimbo dzese dzekubatanidza mune coaxial connectors (SMA, RP-SMA, N mhando) dzakanyatsotariswa, nekuti pama frequency ari pamusoro pe2-3 GHz, hutsanana uye mamiriro eiyo antioxidant pamusoro peaya maawadhi anotanga kuve anooneka. mhedzisiro pachiyero chemhedzisiro uye kugadzikana kwavo kudzokorora. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekunze yepini yepakati mu coaxial connector yakachena, uye kusvirana kwemukati wecollet pahafu yekusangana. Izvi zvakafanana kune vakarukwa contacts. Kuongorora kwakadaro uye kucheneswa kunodiwa kunowanzoitwa pasi pemaikorosikopu, kana pasi pemalensi ekukudza.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kudzivirira kuvepo kwekuputsika kwesimbi shavings pamusoro pezvidziviriro mune mating coaxial connectors, nekuti ivo vanotanga kuunza parasitic capacitance, ichikanganisa zvakanyanya kuita uye chiratidzo chekufambisa.
Muenzaniso weyakajairwa simbi yakavharika yeSMA majoini isingaonekwe neziso:
Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nefekitori yevagadziri ve microwave coaxial connectors ine threaded mhando yekubatanidza, kana ichibatanidza, HAZVIGWADZWE kutenderedza iyo yepakati inopinda mucollet inoigamuchira. Kuti uite izvi, zvakakosha kubata axial base ye-screw-pahafu yekubatanidza, ichibvumira chete kutenderera kwe nut pachayo, uye kwete iyo yose screw-on chimiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukwenya uye kumwe kupfekedzwa kwemechani kwenzvimbo dzekubatanidza kunodzikiswa zvakanyanya, zvichipa kubatana kuri nani uye kurebesa huwandu hwekutenderera kutenderera.
Nehurombo, vashoma vanosaziva vanoziva nezve izvi, uye vazhinji vanozviputira zvachose, nguva yega yega vachikwenya iyo yakatotetepa layer yenzvimbo yekushanda yevanobatika. Izvi zvinogara zvichiratidzwa nemavhidhiyo akawanda paYu.Tube, kubva kune vanonzi "vaongorori" vemidziyo mitsva yemicrowave.
Muongororo iyi yekuyedza, zvese zvakawanda zvinongedzo zve coaxial zvinongedzo uye calibrator zvakaitwa zvakanyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa pamusoro pekushanda.
Mukuenzanisa bvunzo, akati wandei antenna akayerwa kutarisa kuverenga kwerefleometer mumarenji akasiyana.
Kuenzanisa kwe7-element Uda-Yagi antenna ye433 MHz renji (LPD)
Sezvo antennas emhando iyi anogara aine ani akarembera kumashure, pamwe neanoverengeka mativi lobes, kuitira kuchena kwebvunzo, zvese zvakatenderedza mamiriro ekusafamba ainyanya kucherechedzwa, kusvika kukiya katsi mumba. Zvekuti kana uchitora mafoto modes akasiyana pazviratidziro, zvaisazopedzisira zvasvika murudzi rwekumashure lobe, nekudaro zvichiunza kukanganisa mugirafu.
Iyo mifananidzo ine mapikicha kubva kumidziyo mitatu, 4 modhi kubva kune imwe neimwe.
Mufananidzo wepamusoro unobva kuVR 23-6200, wepakati unobva kuAnritsu S361E, uye wepazasi unobva kuGenCom 747A.
VSWR machati:
Yakaratidza kurasikirwa magirafu:
Wolpert-Smith impedance diagram magirafu:
Chikamu magirafu:
Sezvauri kuona, magirafu anokonzeresa akafanana zvakanyanya, uye zviyero zvekuyera zvine kuparadzira mukati me0,1% yekukanganisa.
Kuenzanisa kwe1,2 GHz coaxial dipole
VSWR:
Dzosera zvakarasika:
Wolpert-Smith chati:
Chikamu:
Pano, zvakare, ese matatu maturusi, zvinoenderana neyakayerwa resonance frequency yeiyi antenna, yakawira mukati me0,07%.
Kuenzanisa kwe3-6 GHz nyanga antenna
Tambo yekuwedzera ine N-mhando yekubatanidza yakashandiswa pano, iyo yakaunza zvishoma kusaenzana muzviyero. Asi sezvo basa racho raingova rekuenzanisa zvishandiso, uye kwete tambo kana antenna, saka kana paine dambudziko munzira, saka zvishandiso zvinofanirwa kuzviratidza sezvazviri.
Calibration yekuyera (reference) ndege uchifunga nezve adapta uye feeder:
VSWR mubhendi kubva ku3 kusvika ku6 GHz:
Dzosera zvakarasika:
Wolpert-Smith chati:
Chikamu magirafu:
5,8 GHz Circular Polarization Antenna Kuenzanisa
VSWR:
Dzosera zvakarasika:
Wolpert-Smith chati:
Chikamu:
Kuenzanisa VSWR kuyerwa kweChinese 1.4 GHz LPF sefa
Sefa chitarisiko:
VSWR machati:
Feeder kureba kuenzanisa (DTF)
Ndakafunga kuyera coaxial tambo nyowani ine N mhando yekubatanidza:
Ndichishandisa chiyero che tepi yemamita maviri mumatanho matatu, ndakayera mamita matatu masendimita mashanu.
Hezvino izvo zvishandiso zvakaratidza:
Pano, sezvavanotaura, zvinyorwa hazvidiwi.
Kuenzanisa kwekururama kweiyo yakavakirwa-mukati yekutevera jenareta
Uyu mufananidzo weGIF une mafoto gumi ekuverengwa kweCh10-3 frequency mita. Mahafu epamusoro emifananidzo ndeye bvunzo yeVR 54-23 kuverenga. Mahafu ezasi masaini anopihwa kubva kuAnritsu reflectometer. Mafambiro mashanu akasarudzwa bvunzo: 6200, 23, 50, 100 uye 150 MHz. Kana Anritsu akapa iyo frequency ne zero mune yakaderera manhamba, ipapo iyo compact VR yakapihwa nekuwedzeredza kushoma, ichikura nenhamba nekuwedzera frequency:
Kunyangwe, maererano nemaitiro emugadziri wekuita, izvi hazvigone kuve chero "minus", sezvo isingapfuuri madhijitari maviri akaziviswa, mushure mechiratidzo chegumi.
Mifananidzo yakaunganidzwa mune gif nezve yemukati "kushongedza" kwechigadzirwa:
Pros:
Zvakanakira zveVR 23-6200 mudziyo mutengo wayo wakaderera, inotakurika compactness ine kuzvitonga kuzere, isingade kuratidzwa kwekunze kubva pakombuta kana smartphone, ine yakaringana yakafara frequency renji inoratidzwa mukunyorwa. Imwe yekuwedzera inyaya yekuti iyi haisi scalar, asi yakazara vector mita. Sezvinoonekwa kubva pamhedzisiro yezviyero zvekufananidza, VR haina kuita yakaderera kune yakakura, ine mukurumbira uye inodhura kwazvo michina. Chero zvazvingava, kukwira padenga (kana mast) kutarisa mamiriro evanodyisa uye antennas zviri nani nemwana akadaro pane nemudziyo mukuru uye unorema. Uye kune yazvino fashoni 5,8 GHz renji yeFPV mijaho (redhiyo-inodzorwa inobhururuka multicopter uye ndege, ine-bhodhi vhidhiyo kutepfenyura kumagirazi kana kuratidzwa), inowanzove-inofanirwa kuve nayo. Sezvo zvichikubvumidza kuti usarudze zviri nyore antenna kubva kune dzakasara panhunzi chaipo, kana kunyangwe panhunzi ruramisa uye gadzirisa antenna yaive yakaunyana mushure mekunge mota inobhururuka yemujaho yadonha. Chigadzirwa chacho chinogona kunzi "homwe-saizi", uye nehuremu hwayo hwakaderera hunogona kurembera nyore nyore kunyange pane yakaonda feeder, iyo iri nyore pakuita mabasa mazhinji emunda.
Zvakaipa zvinoonekwa zvakare:
1) Chikuru chekushanda chidhiraivha cherefleometer kusakwanisa kukurumidza kuwana hushoma kana huwandu pachati ine mamakisi, tisingarevi kutsvaga kwe "delta", kana kutsvaga otomatiki kwezvinotevera (kana zvakapfuura) zvishoma / maximum.
Izvi zvinonyanya kudiwa muLMag uye SWR modhi, uko kugona kudzora mamaki kuri kushomeka zvakanyanya. Iwe unofanirwa kumisa chinomaka mumenu inoenderana, wobva wafambisa mucherechedzo kune hushoma hweiyo curve kuti uverenge frequency uye kukosha kweSWR panguva iyoyo. Zvichida mune inotevera firmware mugadziri achawedzera basa rakadaro.
1 a) Zvakare, mudziyo haugone kugoverazve yaunoda kuratidza modhi yemakaki kana uchichinja pakati pekuyera modhi.
Semuenzaniso, ini ndakachinja kubva kuVSWR modhi kuenda kuLMag (Kudzosa Kurasika), uye mamaki achiri kuratidza kukosha kweVSWR, nepo zvine musoro vachifanira kuratidza kukosha kweiyo yekuratidzira module mudB, ndiko kuti, izvo zvinoratidzwa negirafu rakasarudzwa.
Izvi zvakafanana kune mamwe mamodhi. Kuti uverenge hunhu hunoenderana negirafu rakasarudzwa patafura yemakaka, nguva yega yega iwe yaunoda kugovera pamaoko maitiro ekuratidzira kune yega yega mamaki mana. Zvinoita sechinhu chidiki, asi ndinoda kadiki "otomatiki".
1 b) Mune inonyanya kufarirwa yeVSWR yekuyera modhi, iyo amplitude chiyero haigone kuchinjirwa kune yakatsanangurwa, isingasviki 2,0 (semuenzaniso, 1,5, kana 1.3).
2) Pane diki peculiarity mukusawirirana calibration. Sezvinoita, pane nguva dzose "yakavhurika" kana "parallel" calibration. Ndiko kuti, hapana hunoenderana kugona kurekodha kuverenga calibrator chiyero, sezvakajairwa pane mamwe maVNA zvishandiso. Kazhinji mune yecalibration modhi, mudziyo unoteedzana unozvikurudzira kuti ndeupi unofanirwa kuisirwa (inotevera) chiyero chekuenzanisa uye woiverengera accounting.
Uye paARINST, kodzero yekusarudza kudzvanya kwese kutatu kwematanho ekurekodha kunopihwa panguva imwe chete, izvo zvinoisa kuwedzera kudiwa kwekuteerera kubva kumushandisi pakuita inotevera nhanho yekuenzanisa. Kunyangwe ini ndisati ndambovhiringika, kana ndikadzvanya bhatani risingaenderane neazvino akabatana kupera kwecalibrator, pane mukana uri nyore wekuita kukanganisa kwakadaro.
Zvichida mune inotevera firmware upgrades, vagadziri "vachachinja" iyi yakavhurika "parallelism" yesarudzo kuita "kutevedzana" kubvisa kukanganisa kunobvira kubva kune anoshanda. Mushure mezvose, hazvisi pasina chikonzero kuti zviridzwa zvakakura zvinoshandisa kutevedzana kwakajeka muzviito nematanho ekugadzirisa, kungobvisa zvikanganiso zvakadaro kubva mukuvhiringidzika.
3) Yakatetepa kwazvo tembiricha calibration renji. Kana mushure mekugadzirisa Anritsu inopa huwandu (somuenzaniso) kubva pa +18 Β° C kusvika +48 Β° C, ipapo Arinst inongova Β± 3 Β° C kubva pakupisa kwekugadzirisa, iyo inogona kunge iri duku panguva yebasa remumunda (kunze), mu zuva, kana mumumvuri.
Semuenzaniso: Ndakaigadzirisa mushure mekudya kwemasikati, asi unoshanda nezviyero kusvika manheru, zuva raenda, tembiricha yadzikira uye kuverenga hakuna chokwadi.
Nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, meseji yekumisa haibude ichiti "recalibrate nekuda kwetembiricha yeyakapfuura calibration iri kunze kwetembiricha." Pane kudaro, zviyero zvisiri izvo zvinotanga ne zero yakashanduka, iyo inokanganisa zvakanyanya mugumisiro wekuyera.
Kuenzanisa, heino matauriro anoita Anritsu OTDR:
4) Zvemukati zvakajairika, asi kune nzvimbo dzakavhurika chiratidziro chakanyanya kuderera.
Pazuva rakajeka kunze, hapana chinoverengwa zvachose, kunyangwe iwe ukapenya skrini nechanza chako.
Iko hakuna sarudzo yekugadzirisa kupenya kwekuratidzira zvachose.
5) Ndinoda kutengesa mabhatani ehardware kune vamwe, sezvo vamwe vasinga pindure nekudzvanya.
6) Iyo yekubata sikirini haipindure mune dzimwe nzvimbo, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo inonyanyisa kushushikana.
Mhedziso paVR 23-6200 reflectometer
Kana iwe usingabatirire kune minuses, zvino mukuenzanisa nedzimwe bhajeti, inotakurika uye inowanika zvakasununguka mhinduro pamusika, seRF Explorer, N1201SA, KC901V, RigExpert, SURECOM SW-102, NanoVNA - iyi Arinst VR 23-6200 inotaridzika sesarudzo yakabudirira kwazvo. Nekuti vamwe vangave vane mutengo usingadhure zvakanyanya, kana wakaganhurirwa mu frequency bhendi uye nekudaro hausi wepasirese, kana kuti ari matani emhando yetoyi. Pasinei nekuzvininipisa uye nemutengo wakaderera, iyo VR 23-6200 vector reflectometer yakave mudziyo unoshamisa, uye inotakurika. Dai chete vagadziri vacho vakapedza izvo zvisina kunaka mukati mayo uye vakawedzera zvishoma mupendero wakaderera weiyo shortwave radio amateurs, chishandiso chingadai chakatora podium pakati pevashandi vepasirese vepasirese verudzi urwu, nekuti mhedzisiro ingadai yakachipa yekuvhara: kubva. "KaVe kusvika eFPeVe", kureva, kubva pa2 MHz paHF (160 metres), kusvika ku5,8 GHz yeFPV (5 centimita). Uye zviri nani pasina kutyora mubhendi rese, kusiyana nezvakaitika paRF Explorer:
Pasina mubvunzo, kunyange yakachipa mhinduro ichakurumidza kuoneka mune yakakura kudaro frequency renji, uye izvi zvichave zvakanaka! Asi ikozvino (panguva yaChikumi-Chikunguru 2019), mumaonero angu akazvininipisa, iyi reflectometer ndiyo yakanakisa pasirese, pakati pezvinotakurika uye zvisingadhure, zvinotengeswa zvinotengeswa.
- Chikamu chechipiri
Spectrum analyzer ine yekutevera jenareta SSA-TG R2
Yechipiri mudziyo haina kuderera kunakidza kupfuura vector reflectometer.
Iyo inokutendera iwe kuyera "kuguma-kusvika-kumagumo" maparamita eakasiyana microwave zvishandiso mune 2-chiteshi kuyerwa modhi (rudzi S21). Semuenzaniso, unogona kutarisa mashandiro uye kuyera nemazvo kuwanikwa kwemaboosters, amplifiers, kana huwandu hwechiratidzo chekudzikisira (kurasikirwa) mune attenuators, mafirita, coaxial tambo (feeders), uye zvimwe zvinoshanda uye passive zvishandiso nemamodule, izvo zvisingakwanisi. yakaitwa ne-single-port reflectometer.
Iyi izere-yakazara spectrum analyzer, inovhara yakafara kwazvo uye inoenderera frequency renji, iyo iri kure neyakajairwa pakati pezvisingadhuri zveamateur zvishandiso. Uye zvakare, kune yakavakirwa-mukati yekutevera jenareta yeredhiyo frequency masaini, zvakare mune yakakura siyana. Zvakare rubatsiro runodikanwa rwerefleometer uye antenna mita. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uone kana paine chero kutsauka kweiyo inotakura frequency muma transmitters, parasitic intermodulation, clipping, nezvimwe ....
Uye kuve nejenareta yekutevera uye spectrum analyzer, ichiwedzera yekunze inotungamira coupler (kana bhiriji), zvinoita kuyera iyo yakafanana VSWR yema antennas, kunyangwe mune scalar kuyerwa modhi, pasina kufunga nezvechikamu, sezvaizove kesi ine vector imwe.
Batanidza kune fekitori bhuku:
Mudziyo uyu wainyanya kufananidzwa neyakasanganiswa yekuyeresa yakaoma GenCom 747A, ine yepamusoro frequency yekumisa kusvika ku4 GHz. Zvakare kutora chikamu muyedzo yaive nyowani chaiyo-kirasi simba mita Anritsu MA24106A, ine fekitori-waya yekururamisa matafura eyero yakayerwa uye tembiricha, yakajairwa kusvika 6 GHz muhuwandu.
Spectrum analyzer's own ruzha sherufu, ine inofananidzwa "stub" pane yekuisa:
Iyo shoma yaive -85,5 dB, iyo yakazove iri mudunhu reLPD (426 MHz).
Kupfuurirazve, sezvo kuwanda kunowedzera, iyo ruzha chikumbaridzo inowedzerawo zvishoma, izvo zvakajairika:
1500 MHz - 83,5 dB. 2400 MHz - 79,6 dB. Pa5800 MHz - 66,5 dB.
Kuyera kuwana kweiyo inoshanda yeWi-Fi booster yakavakirwa paiyo XQ-02A module
Chinhu chakakosha cheiyi booster ndeye otomatiki switch-on, iyo, kana simba rikaiswa, haibve yachengeta amplifier muhurumende. Nekurongedza zvine simba maattenuators pachigadzirwa chikuru, takakwanisa kuziva chikumbaridzo chekubatidza yakavakirwa-mukati otomatiki. Zvakazoitika kuti booster inochinja kune inoshanda uye inotanga kukwidziridza iyo inopfuura chiratidzo chete kana yakakura kupfuura minus 4 dBm (0,4 mW):
Kune iyi bvunzo pachigadzirwa chidiki, iyo yekubuda kweiyo yakavakirwa-mukati jenareta, ine gadziriso renji yakanyorwa mumaitiro ekuita, kubva paminus 15 kusvika minus 25 dBm, yaingove isina kukwana. Uye pano taida zvakanyanya seminus 4, iyo inonyanya kudarika minus 15. Hongu, zvaive zvichibvira kushandisa kunze kweamplifier, asi basa racho rakanga rakasiyana.
Ndakayera kuwana kweiyo switched on booster nechishandiso chakakura, yakazoita 11 dB, zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekuita.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, kamudziyo kadiki kakakwanisa kuona kuwanda kweattenuation yebooster AKADZIMWA, asi nesimba rakaiswa. Zvakazoitika kuti de-energized booster yakaderedza chiratidzo chekupfuura kune antenna ne12.000 nguva. Nechikonzero ichi, kamwe chete kubhururuka uye kukanganwa kupa simba kune yekunze booster panguva yakakodzera, iyo Longrange hexacopter, yakabhururuka 60-70 metres, yakamira uye ichichinjira kune otomatiki kudzoka kunzvimbo yekubvisa. Ipapo kudiwa kwakamuka kuti uwane kukosha kwekupfuura-kuburikidza neattenuation yeiyo switched-off amplifier. Yakazove inenge 41-42 dB.
Noise jenareta 1-3500 MHz
Jenareta yakapusa yeamateur, yakagadzirwa kuChina.
Kuenzanisa kwemutsara kwekuverenga mudB hakuna kufanira pano, nekuda kwekuchinja kunogara kuchiita amplitude pama frequency akasiyana anokonzerwa nehunhu hweruzha.
Asi zvakadaro, zvaigoneka kutora zvakafanana, kuenzanisa frequency mhinduro magirafu kubva kune ese maturusi:
Pano iyo frequency range pamidziyo yakaiswa yakaenzana, kubva pa35 kusvika 4000 MHz.
Uye maererano neamplitude, sezvaunogona kuona, maitiro akafanana akawanikwa zvakare.
Kupfuura-kuburikidza frequency mhinduro (chiyero S21), sefa LPF 1.4
Sefa iyi yanga yatotaurwa muhafu yekutanga yeongororo. Asi ipapo VSWR yayo yakayerwa, uye heino frequency mhinduro yekutapurirana, kwaunokwanisa kuona zvakajeka kuti chii uye nei attenuation inopfuura, pamwe nekupi uye yakawanda sei inocheka.
Pano iwe unogona kuona zvakadzama kuti ese maturusi akarekodha frequency mhinduro yeiyi sefa zvakada kufanana:
Pa cutoff frequency ye1400 MHz, Arinst airatidza amplitude ye minus 1,4 dB (blue marker Mkr 4), uye GenCom minus 1,79 dB (marker M5).
Kuyera kudzikisira kwevanoyedza
Kuenzanisa kuyerwa ndakasarudza yakanyanya kurongeka, yakanzi attenuators. Kunyanya kwete maChinese, nekuda kwekusiyana kwavo kwakakura.
Iyo frequency range ichiri yakafanana, kubva pa35 kusvika 4000 MHz. Calibration ye-two-port measurement mode yakaitwa zvakanyatsonaka, nekumanikidzirwa kutonga kwechiyero chehutsanana hwepamusoro pevose vanobatana pane mating coaxial connectors.
Calibration mhedzisiro pa0 dB level:
Iyo sampling frequency yakaitwa yepakati, pakati pebhendi rakapihwa, iro 2009,57 MHz. Huwandu hwema scanning point hwaive hwakaenzana, 1000+1.
Sezvauri kuona, mhedzisiro yekuyerwa yeiyo yakafanana muenzaniso ye40 dB attenuator yakave padyo, asi yakati siyanei. Arinst SSA-TG R2 yakaratidza 42,4 dB, uye GenCom 40,17 dB, zvimwe zvinhu zvese zvakaenzana.
Attenuator 30 dB
Arinst = 31,9 dB
GenCom = 30,08 dB
Anenge kupararira kudiki kwakafanana muhuwandu hwematemu kwakawanikwawo pakuyera mamwe maattenuators. Asi kuchengetedza nguva nenzvimbo yemuverengi mune chinyorwa, ivo havana kuverengerwa muongororo iyi, sezvo vakafanana nezviyero zvataurwa pamusoro apa.
Min uye max track
Pasinei nekubatika uye kureruka kwechishandiso, zvakadaro, vagadziri vakawedzera sarudzo yakakosha sekuratidzira yakawedzera mashoma uye maximum ekuchinja tracks, ari kudiwa neakasiyana marongero.
Mifananidzo mitatu yakaunganidzwa mumufananidzo wegif, uchishandisa muenzaniso we5,8 GHz LPF sefa, kubatana kwacho kwakaunza nemaune kuchinja ruzha uye kukanganisa:
Yellow track ndiyo yazvino yakanyanyisa kutsvaira curve.
Iyo dzvuku track ndiyo maxima yakaunganidzwa mundangariro kubva mukutsvaira kwakapfuura.
Iyo yakasviba girini track (grey mushure mekugadzirisa mufananidzo uye kumanikidza) ndiyo shoma frequency mhinduro, zvichiteerana.
Antenna VSWR kuyerwa
Sezvambotaurwa pakutanga kwekuongorora, mudziyo uyu unokwanisa kubatanidza yekunze Direct coupler, kana bhiriji rekuyeresa rinopihwa zvakasiyana (asi chete kusvika 2,7 GHz). Iyo software inopa OSL calibration kuratidza kune mudziyo nzvimbo yereferenzi yeVSWR.
Inoratidzwa pano inotungamira coupler ine phase-yakagadzika kuyerwa mafeeders, asi yakatobviswa pamudziyo mushure mekupedza zviyero zveSWR. Asi pano inounzwa munzvimbo yakawedzerwa, saka furatira mutsauko neinooneka kubatana. Iyo inotungamira coupler yakabatana kuruboshwe rwechishandiso, asi yakadzoserwa nemamaka kumashure. Wobva wapa iyo chiitiko wave kubva kune jenareta (yepamusoro chiteshi) uye kubvisa iyo inoratidzwa wave kune yekuisa yeanalyzer (yepasi port) ichashanda nemazvo.
Mapikicha maviri akasanganiswa anoratidza muenzaniso wekubatana kwakadaro uye kuyerwa kweVSWR yeyakamboyerwa pamusoro pedenderedzwa polarization antenna yemhando ye "Clover", 5,8 GHz renji.
Sezvo kugona uku kuyera VSWR kusiri pakati pezvinangwa zvikuru zvechishandiso ichi, asi zvakadaro pane mibvunzo ine musoro nezvazvo (sezvingaonekwa kubva pascreenshot yekuverenga kwekuratidzira). Chikero chakanyatsotsanangurwa uye chisingachinjiki chekuratidza VSWR girafu, ine kukosha kukuru kusvika kumayuniti matanhatu. Kunyangwe iyo girafu ichiratidza kunenge kwakaringana kuratidzwa kweVSWR curve yeiyi antenna, nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero kukosha chaiko pachimaka hakuna kuratidzwa muhuwandu hwehuwandu, gumi nemazana hazviratidzirwe. Chete nhamba dzakakosha dzinoratidzwa, senge 6, 1, 2 ... Pasara, sekunge zvakadaro, kushomeka kwemhedzisiro yekuyera.
Kunyangwe kune fungidziro dzakakasharara, kuti unzwisise kuti antenna inoshanda here kana kukuvara, zvinotenderwa. Asi kugadzirisa kwakanaka mukushanda neantenna kuchanyanya kuoma kuita, kunyange zvazvo zvichibvira.
Kuyera kurongeka kwejenereta yakavakwa
Kungofanana nereflectory, pano, zvakare, chete 2 decimal nzvimbo dzechokwadi dzinotaurwa mune tekinoroji yakatarwa.
Zvakadaro, hazvina musoro kutarisira kuti bhajeti muhomwe mudziyo uchave nerubidium frequency standard pabhodhi. *smile emoticon*
Asi zvakadaro, muverengi anobvunza angangofarira ukuru hwechikanganiso mujenareta diki rakadaro. Asi sezvo iyo yakasimbiswa chaiyo frequency mita yaingowanikwa chete kusvika 250 MHz, ini ndakagumira pakuona chete 4 frequencies pazasi renji, kungonzwisisa maitiro ekukanganisa, kana aripo. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mafoto kubva kune imwe mudziyo akagadzirirwawo pakakwirira frequencies. Asi kuchengetedza nzvimbo muchinyorwa, ivo havanawo kuverengerwa muongororo iyi, nekuda kwekusimbiswa kwenhamba imwechete muzana kukosha kwechikanganiso chiripo mumanhamba akaderera.
Mapikicha mana emafrequency mana akaunganidzwa mune gif mufananidzo, zvakare kuchengetedza nzvimbo: 50,00; 100,00; 150,00 uye 200,00 MHz
Maitiro uye ukuru hwechikanganiso chiripo zvinooneka zvakajeka:
50,00 MHz ine zvishoma zvakawandisa zvejenareta frequency, zvinoti pa954 Hz.
100,00 MHz, zvichiteerana, zvishoma, +1,79 KHz.
150,00 MHz, kunyanya +1,97 KHz
200,00 MHz, +3,78 KHz
Kuwedzera kumusoro, iyo frequency yakayerwa neGenCom analyzer, iyo yakazoita yakanaka frequency mita. Semuyenzaniso, kana jenareta yakavakirwa muGenCom isina kuendesa 800 hertz pafrequency ye50,00 MHz, saka kwete chete mita yefrequency yekunze yakaratidza izvi, asi spectrum analyzer pachayo yakayera huwandu hwakafanana:
Pazasi pane imwe yemifananidzo yechiratidziro, ine yakayerwa frequency yejenareta yakavakirwa muSSA-TG R2, uchishandisa yepakati Wi-Fi renji ye2450 MHz semuenzaniso:
Kuti ndideredze nzvimbo muchinyorwa, iniwo handina kutumira mamwe mafoto akafanana echiratidziro; pachinzvimbo, pfupiso pfupi yemayero emhedzisiro yerenji pamusoro pe200 MHz:
Pafrequency ye433,00 MHz, iyo yakawandisa yaive +7,92 KHz.
Nenguva yakawanda ye1200,00 MHz, = +22,4 KHz.
Pane frequency ye2450,00 MHz, = +42,8 KHz (mumufananidzo wapfuura)
Nenguva yakawanda ye3999,50 MHz, = +71,6 KHz.
Asi zvakadaro, nzvimbo mbiri dzedesimali dzakataurwa mufekitori yakatarwa inochengetedzwa zvakajeka pamatanho ese.
Signal amplitude kuyerwa kuenzanisa
Mufananidzo wegif unoratidzwa pazasi une mafoto matanhatu apo Arinst SSA-TG R6 analyzer pachayo inoyera oscillator yayo pazvimiro zvakasarudzwa zvitanhatu.
50 MHz -8,1 dBm; 200 MHz -9,0 dBm; 1000 MHz -9,6 dBm;
2500 MHz -9,1 dBm; 3999 MHz - 5,1 dBm; 5800 MHz -9,1 dBm
Kunyangwe iyo yakakura amplitude yejenareta ichinzi haina kukwira kupfuura minus 15 dBm, muchokwadi mamwe maitiro anoonekwa.
Kuti uwane zvikonzero zveiyi amplitude chiratidzo, zviyero zvakatorwa kubva kuArinst SSA-TG R2 jenareta, pane chaiyo Anritsu MA24106A sensor, ine calibration zeroing pamutoro wakafanana, usati watanga kuyerwa. Zvakare, pese papindwa kukosha kwefrequency, yekuyera kuyerwa uchifunga nezve coefficients, zvinoenderana netafura yekururamisa ye frequency uye tembiricha yakasonwa kubva mufekitori.
35 MHz -9,04 dBm; 200 MHz -9,12 dBm; 1000 MHz -9,06 dBm;
2500 MHz -8,96 dBm; 3999 MHz - 7,48 dBm; 5800 MHz -7,02 dBm
Sezvauri kuona, iyo chiratidzo amplitude kukosha inogadzirwa nejenareta yakavakirwa muSSA-TG R2, analyzer inoyera zvine mwero (yekirasi yeamateur yechokwadi). Uye iyo amplitude yejenareta inoratidzwa pazasi pechiratidziro chechishandiso inoshanduka kuve "yakadhonzwa", sezvo muchokwadi yakazoita kuburitsa yakakwira nhanho kupfuura yainofanirwa mukati memiganho inogadziriswa kubva -15 kusvika -25 dBm. .
Ndakanga ndiine kusahadzika kwekunyebera kuti kana iyo Anritsu MA24106A sensor nyowani yakanga ichirasisa, saka ini ndakanyatso kuenzanisa neimwe laboratory system analyzer kubva kuGeneral Dynamics, modhi R2670B.
Asi kwete, mutsauko weamplitude wakave usina kukura zvachose, mukati me 0,3 dBm.
Iyo mita yemagetsi paGenCom 747A yakaratidzawo, kusiri kure, kuti pakanga paine yakawandisa mwero kubva kune jenareta:
Asi pamwero we0 dBm, iyo Arinst SSA-TG R2 analyzer yechimwe chikonzero yakapfuura zvishoma zviratidzo zveamplitude, uye kubva kune akasiyana masaini masosi ane 0 dBm.
Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo Anritsu MA24106A sensor inoratidza 0,01 dBm kubva kuAnritsu ML4803A calibrator.
Kugadzirisa iyo attenuator attenuation kukosha pane yekubata-bata nemunwe wako kwaisaita kunge kuri nyore, sezvo tepi ine runyorwa inosvetuka kana kazhinji inodzokera kune yakanyanyisa kukosha. Zvakazove zviri nyore uye zvakanyatsojeka kushandisa stylus yechinyakare kune izvi:
Paunenge uchiona maharmonics eiyo yakaderera-frequency siginecha ye50 MHz, ingangoita pamusoro pese bhendi rekushandisa reanalyzer (kusvika ku4 GHz), imwe "anomaly" yakasangana pama frequency angangoita 760 MHz:
Iine bhendi yakafara mumhepo yekumusoro (kusvika ku6035 MHz), kuitira kuti iyo Span inyatso 6000 MHz, iyo inomaly inoonekwa zvakare:
Uyezve, chiratidzo chimwe chete, kubva kune imwechete yakavakirwa-mukati jenareta muSSA-TG R2, kana yapihwa kune imwe mudziyo, haina anomaly yakadai:
Kana iyi inomaly isina kuonekwa pane imwe analyzer, saka dambudziko harisi mujenareta, asi mune spectrum analyzer.
Iyo yakavakirwa-mukati attenuator yekudzikisira iyo amplitude yejenareta inonyatso kudzikisa mumatanho e1 dB, ese ayo gumi matanho. Pano pazasi pechidzitiro iwe unogona kunyatsoona yakatsikwa track pane yenguva, inoratidza kuita kweattenuator:
Ndichisiya chiteshi chejenareta uye chiteshi chekuisa che analyzer chakabatana, ndakadzima mudziyo. Zuva rakatevera, pandakaibatidza, ndakawana siginecha ine yakajairika harmonics pane inonakidza frequency ye777,00 MHz:
Panguva imwe cheteyo, jenareta rakasiyiwa rakadzimwa. Mushure mekutarisa menyu, yakadzimwa zvechokwadi. Mune dzidziso, hapana chaifanira kunge chakaonekwa pakubuda kwejenareta kana yaive yakadzimwa zuva rakapfuura. Ini ndaifanira kuibatidza chero frequency mune jenareta menyu, ndozoidzima. Mushure meichi chiitiko, iyo isinganzwisisike frequency inonyangarika uye isingaonekwe zvakare, asi chete kusvika panguva inotevera iyo mudziyo wese wavhurwa. Zvechokwadi mune inotevera firmware mugadziri achagadzirisa yakadaro-yega-switching pane inobuda yakadzimwa jenareta. Asi kana pasina tambo pakati pezvikepe, saka hazvionekwi zvachose kuti chimwe chinhu chakashata, kunze kwekuti ruzha rwekutinhira rwakakwira zvishoma. Uye mushure mekubatidza nechisimba jenareta nekudzima, ruzha rwunodzika zvishoma, asi nehuwandu husingaonekwe. Iyi idiki dhiraivha yekushanda, mhinduro iyo inotora mamwe masekonzi matatu mushure mekubatidza mudziyo.
Iyo yemukati yeArinst SSA-TG R2 inoratidzwa mumifananidzo mitatu yakaunganidzwa mugif:
Kuenzaniswa kwezviyero neyekare Arinst SSA Pro spectrum analyzer, iyo ine smartphone kumusoro sechiratidziro:
Pros:
Sezvakaita neakare Arinst VR 23-6200 reflectometer mukuongorora, iyo Arinst SSA-TG R2 analyzer yakaongororwa pano iri, mune imwecheteyo fomu chinhu uye zviyero, mudiki asi akakomba mubatsiri weredhiyo amateur. Izvo zvakare hazvidi kuratidzwa kwekunze pakombuta kana smartphone senge yapfuura SSA modhi.
Iyo yakafara kwazvo, isina musono uye isina kukanganiswa frequency renji, kubva pa35 kusvika 6200 MHz.
Ini handina kudzidza iyo chaiyo yebhatiri hupenyu, asi kugona kweiyo yakavakirwa-mukati lithium bhatiri inokwana hupenyu hurefu hwebhatiri.
Chikanganiso chidiki pazviyero zvemudziyo wekirasi diki yakadaro. Chero zvazvingaitika, kune nhanho yeamateur inopfuura kukwana.
Inotsigirwa nemugadziri, zvese zvine firmware uye kugadzirisa kwemuviri, kana zvichidikanwa. Iyo yatove inowanikwa zvakanyanya kutengwa, ndiko kuti, kwete pakurongeka, sezvazvinowanzoitika kune vamwe vanogadzira.
Zvakaipa zvakaonekwa zvakare:
Isingaverengeki uye isina kunyorwa, inongoerekana yapihwa yechiratidzo ine frequency ye777,00 MHz kune kubuda kwejenereta. Chokwadi kusanzwisisana kwakadaro kuchabviswa neiyo inotevera firmware. Kunyangwe kana iwe uchiziva nezve chinhu ichi, chinogona kubviswa nyore nyore mumasekonzi matatu nekungobatidza nekudzima iyo yakavakirwa-mukati jenareta.
Iyo yekubata sikirini inotora zvishoma kujaira, sezvo inotsvedza isingabatike pakarepo mabhatani ese chaiwo kana ukaafambisa. Asi kana iwe usingafambisi masiraidhi, asi pakarepo tinya pachinzvimbo chekupedzisira, ipapo zvese zvinoshanda nekukurumidza uye zvakajeka. Iyi haisi minus, asi "chimiro" chezvinodzora zvinodhonzwa, kunyanya mune jenareta menyu uye attenuator control slider.
Kana yakabatana neBluetooth, analyzer inoita kunge inobudirira kubatana kune iyo smartphone, asi hairatidze frequency yekupindura girafu track, seyekare SSA Pro, semuenzaniso. Kana uchibatanidza, zvose zvinodiwa zvemirayiridzo zvakanyatsoonekwa, zvinotsanangurwa muchikamu che8 chemirayiridzo yefekitari.
Ndakafunga kuti sezvo password yakagamuchirwa, kusimbiswa kwekushandura kunoratidzwa pahwindo re smartphone, saka zvichida basa iri nderekusimudzira firmware kuburikidza ne smartphone.
Asi kwete.
Murairo pfungwa 8.2.6 inotaura zvakajeka:
8.2.6. Mudziyo uchabatana nehwendefa/smartphone, girafu rechiratidzo chechiratidzo uye meseji yeruzivo nezve kubatanidza kune mudziyo ConnectedtoARINST_SSA ichaonekwa pachiratidziri, sepaMufananidzo 28. (c)
Hongu, kusimbiswa kunoonekwa, asi hapana track.
Ndakabatanidza kakawanda, nguva imwe neimwe track yacho yaisaoneka. Uye kubva kune yekare SSA Pro, ipapo ipapo.
Imwe yakashata maererano neanozivikanwa "versatility", nekuda kwekuganhurirwa pamucheto wezasi weiyo ma frequency ekushanda, haina kukodzera kune shortwave radio amateurs. Kune RC FPV, ivo vanogutsa zvizere uye zvizere zvinodikanwa zvevasingadzidzi uye zvakanakira, kunyange kupfuura izvozvo.
Mhedziso:
Kazhinji, ese maturusi akasiya fungidziro yakanaka, sezvo iwo achipa yakakwana yekuyeresa sisitimu, zvirinani kunyangwe kune epamberi radio amateurs. Mutengo wemitengo hauna kukurukurwa pano, asi zvakadaro wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane mamwe maanalogue ari padyo pamusika mune yakakura uye inoenderera frequency bhendi, isingagone asi kufara.
Chinangwa chekuongorora chaingove chekufananidza midziyo iyi nemichina yekuyeresa yepamusoro, uye kupa vaverengi kuverenga-kwakanyorwa kuratidzwa kwemifananidzo, kuitira kuti vaumbe maonero avo uye kuita sarudzo yakazvimirira pamusoro pekugona kwekutora. Hapana kana chinangwa chekushambadzira chakatevedzwa. Chete chechitatu-bato ongororo uye kudhindwa kwemhedzisiro yekutarisa.
Source: www.habr.com