Mhoroi mose, zita rangu ndinonzi Igor Tyukachev uye ndiri mubatsiri wekuenderera mberi kwebhizinesi. Muchinyorwa chanhasi tichava nenhaurirano refu uye inonetesa yechokwadi chakafanana.Ndinoda kugovera ruzivo rwangu uye kutaura nezvemhosho huru inoitwa nemakambani pakugadzira chirongwa chekuenderera mberi kwebhizinesi.
1. RTO uye RPO chero
Chikanganiso chakakosha chandaona ndechekuti nguva yekudzorera (RTO) inotorwa kunze kwemhepo yakatetepa. Zvakanaka, kunze kwemhepo yakatetepa - semuenzaniso, kune dzimwe nhamba dzemakore maviri apfuura kubva kuSLA dzakaunzwa nemumwe munhu kubva kubasa kwavo kwekare. Nei vachiita izvi? Mushure mezvose, maererano nenzira dzose, unofanira kutanga waongorora migumisiro yebhizimisi maitiro, uye zvichienderana nekuongorora uku, verenga chinangwa chekudzorera nguva uye kurasikirwa kwedata kunogamuchirwa. Asi kuita ongororo yakadaro dzimwe nguva inotora nguva yakareba, dzimwe nguva inodhura, dzimwe nguva haisi kunyatsojekesa sei-kusimbisa zvinoda kuitwa. Uye chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa kune vakawanda ndechekuti: βTese tiri vanhu vakuru uye tinonzwisisa mashandiro anoita bhizinesi. Ngatirege kutambisa nguva nemari! Ngatitorei kuwedzera kana kubvisa sezvazvinofanira kuva. Kubva mumusoro wako, uchishandisa proletarian hunyanzvi! Rega RTO iite maawa maviri. "
Izvi zvinotungamirira kuchii? Paunouya kune manejimendi nemari yezviitwa kuti uve nechokwadi chinodiwa RTO/RPO ine dzimwe nhamba, zvinogara zvinoda kururamiswa. Kana pasina kururamiswa, zvino mubvunzo unomuka: wakaiwana kupi? Uye hapana chekupindura. Somugumisiro, chivimbo mubasa rako chinorasika.
Kunze kwezvo, dzimwe nguva maawa maviri iwayo ekupora anodhura miriyoni yemadhora. Uye kururamisa nguva yeRTO inyaya yemari, uye yakakura kwazvo ipapo.
Uye pakupedzisira, paunounza BCP yako uye / kana DR chirongwa kune vanoita (avo vachave vachimhanya uye vachisimudza maoko avo panguva yenjodzi), ivo vachabvunza mubvunzo wakafanana: awa maviri aya akabva kupi? Uye kana iwe usingakwanise kutsanangura izvi zvakajeka, saka ivo havazove nechivimbo mune iwe kana gwaro rako.
Inobva yaita bepa nekuda kwepepa, kusanyora. Nenzira, vamwe vanoita izvi nemaune, kungogutsa zvinodiwa nemutongi.
Zvakanaka unonzwisisa
2. Mushonga wezvose
Vamwe vanhu vanotenda kuti chirongwa cheBCP chinogadzirwa kuchengetedza maitiro ese ebhizinesi kubva kune chero kutyisidzira. Munguva ichangopfuura, mubvunzo "Chii chatinoda kuzvidzivirira kubva?" Ndakanzwa mhinduro: "Zvese uye nezvimwe."
Asi chokwadi ndechekuti chirongwa ichi chinoitirwa kuchengetedza chete yakananga akakosha mabhizinesi maitiro ekambani kubva yakananga kutyisidzira. Naizvozvo, usati wagadzira chirongwa, zvinodikanwa kuongorora kuitika kwenjodzi uye kuongorora mhedzisiro yavo kune bhizinesi. Kuongororwa kwenjodzi kunodiwa kuti unzwisise kuti ndezvipi zvinotyisidzira iyo kambani inotya. Muchiitiko chekuparara kwechivako kuchave nehurongwa hwekuenderera mberi, kana paine kumanikidzwa kwechirango - imwe, kana mafashama - chetatu. Kunyangwe nzvimbo mbiri dzakafanana mumaguta akasiyana dzinogona kunge dziine zvirongwa zvakasiyana zvakanyanya.
Hazvibviri kuchengetedza kambani yose neBCP imwe, kunyanya yakakura. Semuenzaniso, iyo hombe yeX5 Retail Group yakatanga kuve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi nemaitiro maviri akakosha ebhizinesi (takanyora nezve izvi ) Uye hazvina musoro kuvharira kambani yese nehurongwa humwe; izvi zvinobva muchikamu che "collective responsibility", kana munhu wese aine mutoro uye pasina ane mhosva.
Iyo ISO 22301 yakajairwa ine pfungwa yegwaro, iro, muchokwadi, kuenderera mberi mukambani kunotanga. Inotsanangura zvatichadzivirira uye kubva kunei. Kana vanhu vachiuya vachimhanya vokumbira kuwedzera ichi neicho, semuenzaniso:
- Ngatiwedzere kuBCP njodzi yekuti tichabirwa?
Kana
- Munguva pfupi yapfuura, panguva yekunaya, pasi redu repamusoro rakange rakazara nemvura - ngatiwedzerei mamiriro ezvekuita kana mafashama?
Wobva wavaendesa kune iyi mutemo uye woti isu tinodzivirira chaiyo midziyo yekambani uye chete kubva kune zvakananga, zvakafanobvumirana kutyisidzira, nekuti ndizvo zvekutanga izvozvi.
Uye kunyangwe zvikumbiro zvekuchinja zvakanyatsokodzera, wobva wapa kuti uzvifunge mune inotevera vhezheni yepolicy. Nekuti kuchengetedza kambani kunoda mari yakawanda. Saka shanduko dzese kuchirongwa cheBCP dzinofanirwa kupinda mukomiti yebhajeti uye kuronga. Isu tinokurudzira kuongorora bhizinesi rekuenderera mberi mutemo wekambani kamwe pagore kana nekukurumidza mushure mekuchinja kukuru muchimiro chekambani kana mamiriro ekunze (vaverengi vangandiregerera nekutaura kudaro).
3. Fantasies uye chokwadi
Zvinowanzoitika kuti pakugadzira chirongwa cheBCP, vanyori vanotsanangura imwe yakanaka mufananidzo wenyika. Semuenzaniso, "hatina yechipiri data data, asi isu tichanyora chirongwa sekunge tinoita." Kana kuti bhizinesi harisati rave nechimwe chikamu chezvivakwa, asi vashandi vacharamba vachichiwedzera kuchirongwa ichi netariro yekuti chichaonekwa mune ramangwana. Uye ipapo kambani ichatambanudza chokwadi pachirongwa: kuvaka yechipiri data data, tsanangura dzimwe shanduko.
Kuruboshwe ndiko kune zvivakwa zvinoenderana neBCP, kurudyi ndiko kune zvivakwa chaizvo
Izvi zvese kukanganisa. Kunyora chirongwa cheBCP kunoreva kushandisa mari. Kana ukanyora hurongwa husingashande izvozvi, unenge uchibhadhara pepa rinodhura zvikuru. Hazvibviri kupora kubva pazviri, hazvibviri kuzviedza. Rinozova basa nokuda kwebasa.
Iwe unogona kunyora hurongwa nekukurumidza, asi kuvaka chivakwa chekuchengetedza uye kushandisa mari pane ese ekudzivirira mhinduro kwakareba uye kunodhura. Izvi zvinogona kutora rinodarika gore. Uye zvinogona kuzoitika kuti watova nehurongwa, uye zvivakwa zvayo zvichaonekwa mumakore maviri. Nei chirongwa chakadaro chichidiwa? Ichakudzivirira kubva pai?
Iriwo fungidziro apo BCP yekuvandudza timu inotanga kufunga kune nyanzvi dzavanofanira kuita uye munguva ipi. Inobva muchikamu: βUkaona bere mutaiga, unofanira kutendeukira kune rimwe divi kubva kubheya womhanya nekumhanya kunopfuura kumhanya kwebere. Mumwedzi yechando, unofanira kuvhara makwara ako.β
4. Pamusoro nemidzi
Chikanganiso chechina chakakosha kuita kuti hurongwa huve hwepamusoro-soro kana hwakadzama. Tinoda golden mean. Iyo hurongwa haifanirwe kuve yakatsanangurwa zvakanyanya kune idiots, asi haifanirwe kuve yakawandisa kuitira kuti chimwe chinhu chakadai chinopera:
On easy in general
5. Kuna Kesari - chii chaKesari, kuna makanika - chii chinonzi makanika.
Chikanganiso chinotevera chinobva kune chakapfuura: chirongwa chimwe hachigone kugonesa zviito zvese zvemazinga ese ekutungamira. Zvirongwa zveBCP zvinowanzogadzirirwa kumakambani makuru ane mari yakawanda inoyerera (nenzira, maererano nevedu , paavhareji, 48% yemakambani makuru eRussia akasangana nemamiriro ekukurumidzira anosanganisira kurasikirwa kukuru kwemari) uye hurongwa hwematanho akawanda. Kune makambani akadaro, hazvina kukodzera kuedza kuisa zvinhu zvose mugwaro rimwe chete. Kana iyo kambani yakakura uye yakarongeka, saka chirongwa chinofanira kunge chine mazinga matatu akasiyana:
- Strategic level - yevakuru vakuru;
- tactical level - yevatungamiri vepakati;
- uye chiyero chekushanda - kune avo vanobatanidzwa zvakananga mumunda.
Semuenzaniso, kana isu tichitaura nezve kudzoreredza zvivakwa zvakakundikana, saka padanho rehurongwa sarudzo inoitwa yekumisikidza chirongwa chekudzoreredza, padanho rehunyanzvi nzira dzekuita dzinogona kutsanangurwa, uye padanho rekushanda pane mirairo yekumisikidza chaiyo. zvidimbu zvemidziyo.
BCP pasina bhajeti
Wese munhu anoona nzvimbo yavo yemutoro uye kubatana nevamwe vashandi. Panguva yenjodzi, munhu wese anovhura chirongwa, anokurumidza kuwana chikamu chavo uye anochitevera. Zvakanaka, iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka nemoyo mapeji ekuvhura, nekuti dzimwe nguva maminetsi anoverenga.
6. Kuedzesera
Chimwe chikanganiso pakugadzira chirongwa cheBCP: hapana chikonzero chekuisa mazita chaiwo, kero dzeemail uye mamwe ruzivo rwekusangana muchirongwa. Muzvinyorwa zvegwaro racho pacharo, mabasa asiri munhu chete ndiwo anofanirwa kuratidzwa, uye mabasa aya anofanira kupihwa mazita eavo vane basa rekuita uye vanobatanidzirana navo vanofanira kunyorwa mukuwedzera kwechirongwa.
Sei?
Nhasi, vanhu vazhinji vanochinja mabasa makore maviri kusvika matatu oga oga. Uye kana iwe ukanyora pasi vese avo vane mhosva uye avo vanobatika muzvinyorwa zvechirongwa, zvino ichafanirwa kugara ichishandurwa. Uye mumakambani makuru, uye kunyanya ehurumende, kuchinja kwese kune chero gwaro kunoda toni yemvumo.
Tisingarevi kuti kana emergency ikaitika uye iwe uchifanira kupenengura hurongwa uye kutsvaga iyo chaiyo yekubata, iwe unorasikirwa nenguva yakakosha.
Hupenyu hack: kana iwe uchichinja application, kazhinji hautombodi kuibvumidza. Rimwe zano: unogona kushandisa kuronga kugadzirisa otomatiki masisitimu.
7. Kushaikwa kweshanduro
Kazhinji ivo vanogadzira chirongwa vhezheni 1.0, vobva vaita shanduko dzese pasina editing modhi, uye pasina kushandura zita refaira. Panguva imwecheteyo, kazhinji hazvizivikanwe kuti chii chakachinja kana chichienzaniswa neshanduro yapfuura. Mukushaikwa kweshanduro, chirongwa chinorarama hupenyu hwayo, iyo isingateverwi chero nzira. Peji rechipiri rechero chirongwa cheBCP chinofanirwa kuratidza shanduro, munyori weshanduko, uye runyoro rwekuchinja pachavo.
Hapana anogona kuzvinzwisisa zvakare
8. Ndiani wandinofanira kubvunza?
Kazhinji makambani haana munhu ane chekuita nechirongwa cheBCP uye hapana dhipatimendi rakaparadzana rinotarisira kuenderera kwebhizinesi. Iri basa rinoremekedzeka rinopihwa CIO, mutevedzeri wake, kana zvinoenderana nemusimboti "iwe unobata nekuchengetedza ruzivo, saka heino BCP mukuwedzera." Somugumisiro, chirongwa chinogadzirwa, chakabvumiranwa uye chakabvumirwa, kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi.
Ndiani ane basa rekuchengetedza hurongwa, kuvandudza, nekudzokorora ruzivo rwurimo? Izvi zvinogona kunge zvisina kunyorerwa. Kuhaya mushandi akaparadzana nekuda kweizvi kupambadza, asi kurodha imwe yearipo nekuwedzera mamwe mabasa kunogoneka, hongu, nekuti munhu wese ari kuedza kushanda nesimba: "Ngatiturike mwenje paari kuti acheke husiku," asi zvakafanira here?
Tiri kutsvaga avo vane chekuita neBCP makore maviri mushure mekusikwa kwayo
Nokudaro, zvinowanzoitika sezvizvi: chirongwa chakagadzirwa uye chakaiswa mubhokisi refu kuti chifukidzwe neguruva. Hapana anoiedza kana kuchengetedza kushanda kwayo. Mutsara unonyanyozivikanwa wandinonzwa kana ndauya kumutengi ndewekuti: βPane chirongwa, asi chakagadzirwa kare kare, kana chakaedzwa hazvizivikanwe, pane fungidziro yekuti hachishande.
9. Mvura yakawandisa
Pane zvirongwa umo sumo ine mapeji mashanu kureba, kusanganisira tsananguro yezvinodiwa uye nekutenda kune vese vatori vechikamu muchirongwa ichi, neruzivo nezve izvo kambani inoita. Nenguva yaunodzika pasi kune peji yegumi, uko kune ruzivo runobatsira, nzvimbo yako yedata yakatove yakazara.
Paunenge uchiedza kuverenga kusvika panguva ino, chii chaunofanira kuita kana nzvimbo yako yedata yakazara?
Isa "mvura" yese yemubatanidzwa mune rimwe gwaro rakasiyana. Urongwa pachahwo hunofanira kunge hwakanyanya kujeka: munhu ane basa iri anoita izvi, zvichingodaro.
10. Mabiko acho anobhadharwa nani?
Kazhinji, vagadziri vehurongwa havana rutsigiro kubva kuvakuru vekambani. Asi kune rutsigiro kubva kune vepakati manejimendi vasingagone kana vasina bhajeti inodiwa uye zviwanikwa zvekutonga kuenderera kwebhizinesi. Semuenzaniso, dhipatimendi reIT rinogadzira chirongwa chayo cheBCP mukati mebhajeti rayo, asi CIO haioni mufananidzo wose wekambani. Muenzaniso wangu wandinoda ndeyemusangano wevhidhiyo. Kana vhidhiyo yemusangano weCEO ikasashanda, ndiani waanodzinga? CIO iyo "isina kupa." Saka, kubva pakuona kweCIO, chii chinonyanya kukosha mukambani? Izvo vanhu vanogara "vanomuda": musangano wevhidhiyo, iyo inoshanduka pakarepo kuita bhizinesi-yakakosha system. Uye kubva pakuona kwebhizinesi - zvakanaka, hapana VKS, ingofunga, tichataura parunhare, senge pasi peBrezhnev ...
Mukuwedzera, dhipatimendi reTI rinowanzofunga kuti basa rayo guru kana pakaitika njodzi nderokudzorera kushanda kwekambani yeIT systems. Asi dzimwe nguva haufanirwe kuita izvi! Kana paine bhizinesi rekuita muchimiro chekudhinda mapepa paprinta inodhura zvakanyanya, saka haufanirwe kutenga yechipiri yakadaro printer seyakasara uye woiisa padivi payo kana ikaparara. Zvingave zvakakwana kuti upende kwenguva pfupi mapepa emapepa nemaoko.
Kana isu tichivaka kuchengetedzwa kunoramba kuripo mukati meIT, isu tinofanirwa kunyorera rutsigiro rwevakuru vakuru uye vamiriri vebhizinesi. Zvikasadaro, uchinge wapinda mukati meiyo IT department, unogona kugadzirisa mamwe matambudziko, asi kwete ese anodiwa.
Izvi ndizvo zvinoita mamiriro ezvinhu kana chete IT department rine DR zvirongwa
10. Hapana kuedza
Kana pane chirongwa, chinoda kuongororwa. Kune avo vasina kujairana nezviyero, izvi hazvisi pachena. Semuenzaniso, une zviratidzo zve "emergency exit" zvakarembera kwese kwese. Asi ndiudze, bhagi rako remoto, chiredzo, nefoshoro riripi? Mudziyo wemoto uri kupi? Chodzimisa moto chinofanira kuwanikwa kupi? Asi munhu wose anofanira kuziva izvi. Hazvina musoro kwatiri kuwana chekudzimisa moto kana tichipinda muhofisi.
Zvichida chido chekuedza chirongwa chinofanira kutaurwa muurongwa pachahwo, asi ichi chisarudzo chinokakavadzana. Chero zvazvingava, chirongwa chinogona kunzi chinoshanda chete kana chakaedzwa kamwechete. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, ndinowanzonzwa: "Pane chirongwa, zvese zvivakwa zvakagadzirirwa, asi hachisi chokwadi kuti zvese zvinofamba sezvazvakanyorwa muchirongwa. Nokuti havana kuzviedza. Never".
Mukupedzisa
Mamwe makambani anogona kuongorora nhoroondo yavo kuti vanzwisise kuti ndeapi matambudziko angangoitika uye kuti angangoitika sei. Tsvagiridzo uye ruzivo runoratidza kuti hatigone kuzvidzivirira kubva kune zvese. Shit, nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, inoitika kune chero kambani. Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti iwe uchave wakagadzirira sei kune iyi kana mamiriro akafanana uye kana iwe uchizokwanisa kudzoreredza bhizinesi rako nenguva.
Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti kuenderera kune nzira yekubvisa marudzi ese enjodzi kuitira kuti zvisaite. Aiwa, chiripo ndechekuti njodzi dzinozoitika, uye isu tichange takagadzirira izvi. Varwi vanodzidziswa kusafunga muhondo, asi kuita. Zvakafanana nechirongwa cheBCP: chinokutendera kuti udzorere bhizinesi rako nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.
Iyo chete michina isingade BCP
Igor Tyukachev,
Business Continuity Consultant
Center for Design yeComputing Systems
"Jet Infosystems"
Source: www.habr.com