Nhasi tichadzidza IPv6 protocol. Iyo yapfuura vhezheni yeCCNA kosi yaisada ruzivo rwakadzama neprotocol iyi, zvisinei, muvhezheni yechitatu 200-125, kudzidza kwayo kwakadzama kunodiwa kuti ipase bvunzo. IPv6 protocol yakagadzirwa kare kare, asi kwenguva yakareba haina kushandiswa zvakanyanya. Izvo zvakakosha zvakanyanya kune ramangwana rekuvandudza kweInternet, sezvo inotarisirwa kubvisa kukanganisa kweubiquitous IPv4 protocol.
Sezvo IPv6 protocol iri nyaya yakafaranuka, ndakaipatsanura kuita zvidzidzo zvevhidhiyo zviviri: Zuva rechi24 uye Zuva 25. Zuva rekutanga tichazvipira kune zvakakosha pfungwa, uye pane yechipiri tichatarisa kugadzirisa IPv6 IP kero yeCisco. zvishandiso. Nhasi, semazuva ese, tichabata misoro mitatu: kudiwa kweIPv6, fomati yeIPv6 kero, uye marudzi emakero eIPv6.
Parizvino muzvidzidzo zvedu, tanga tichishandisa v4 IP kero, uye iwe wajaira kuti ivo vanotaridzika zviri nyore. Pawakaona kero yaratidzwa pachisiraidhi ichi, wakanyatsonzwisisa kuti zvairevei.
Nekudaro, v6 IP kero inotaridzika zvakasiyana. Kana iwe usingazivi kuti kero dzakagadzirwa sei mune iyi vhezheni yeInternet Protocol, iwe unotanga kushamisika kuti iyi mhando ye IP kero inotora nzvimbo yakawanda. Muchikamu chechina cheprotocol, taive nenhamba dzechina chete, uye zvese zvaive nyore nazvo, asi fungidzira kuti unofanirwa kuudza mumwe Mr. X kero yake itsva yeIP senge 4:2001db0:8a85:3:0000:0000a8e. :2: 0370.
Asi usazvinetse - tichange tiri pachinzvimbo chirinani pakupera kweiyi vhidhiyo tutori. Ngatitangei kutarisa kuti sei kudiwa kwekushandisa IPv6 kwamuka.
Nhasi, vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa IPv4 uye vari kufara nazvo. Nei waida kukwidziridza kushanduro itsva? Kutanga, vhezheni 4 IP kero ine 32 bits kureba. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti ugadzire anenge mabhiriyoni mana emakero paInternet, kureva kuti, nhamba chaiyo ye IP kero ndeye 4. Panguva yekusikwa kwe IPv232, vagadziri vaitenda kuti nhamba iyi yemakero yakanga yakawanda kupfuura yakakwana. Kana iwe uchiyeuka, kero dzeiyi vhezheni dzakakamurwa kuita 4 makirasi: anoshanda makirasi A, B, C uye akachengetera makirasi D (multicasting) uye E (tsvakurudzo). Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo nhamba yekushanda IP kero yaingova 5% ye75 bhiriyoni, vagadziri veprotocol vaiva nechivimbo chokuti vaizove vakakwana kuvanhu vose. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekukurumidza kukura kweInternet, kushomeka kwemahara IP kero kwakatanga kunzwika gore rega rega, uye dai zvisiri zvekushandisa tekinoroji yeNAT, kero dzemahara IPv4 dzingadai dzakapera kare kare. Muchokwadi, NAT yave muponesi weiyi Internet protocol. Ndokusaka zvakave zvakakodzera kugadzira vhezheni itsva yeInternet protocol, isina zvikanganiso zve4th vhezheni. Unogona kubvunza kuti sei wasvetuka kubva kuvhezheni 4 kuenda kuvhezheni 5. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vhezheni yechishanu, senge shanduro 1,2 ne3, yaive yekuyedza.
Saka, v6 IP kero ine 128-bit kero nzvimbo. Kangani kaunofunga kuti nhamba yezvingabvira IP kero yakawedzera? Iwe uchati: "4 nguva!". Asi hazvisi, nekuti 234 yatova 4 nguva yakakura se 232. Saka 2128 yakakura zvisingaite - yakaenzana ne 340282366920938463463374607431768211456. Ndiyo nhamba ye IP kero inowanikwa pamusoro pe IPv6. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iwe unogona kugovera IP kero kune chero chaunoda: mota yako, foni, wristwatch. Munhu wemazuva ano anogona kuva nelaptop, ma smartphones akawanda, smart watch, smart home - TV yakabatana neInternet, muchina wekugeza wakabatana neInternet, imba yese yakabatana neInternet. Iyi nhamba yemakero inobvumira pfungwa ye "Internet yezvinhu", iyo inotsigirwa neCisco. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvese muhupenyu hwako zvakabatana neinternet uye zvese zvinoda yavo IP kero. Ne IPv6 zvinogoneka! Wese munhu paPasi anogona kushandisa mamirioni emakero eiyi vhezheni kumidziyo yavo, uye zvakadaro kuchave neakawandisa emahara. Hatigone kufanotaura kuti tekinoroji ichakura sei, asi isu tinogona kutarisira kuti vanhu havauye panguva iyo chete komputa imwe chete yasara paPasi. Zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti IPv1 ichave iripo kwenguva yakareba, yakareba. Ngatitarisei kuti yechitanhatu vhezheni IP kero fomati chii.
Kero idzi dzinoratidzwa semapoka masere enhamba dzehexadecimal. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chimiro chega chega chekero chakareba 8 bits, saka boka rega rega remabhii mana akadaro rakareba 4 bits, uye kero yese ikareba 4 bits. Boka rega rega remavara mana rinopatsanurwa kubva kuboka rinotevera nekoroni, zvakasiyana nemakero eIPv16 apo mapoka akapatsanurwa nemadonhwe, nekuti doti ndiyo inomiririra nhamba yenhamba. Sezvo kero yakadaro isiri nyore kuyeuka, kune mitemo yakawanda yekuipfupisa. Mutemo wekutanga unoti mapoka emazero ese anogona kutsiviwa nemakoroni maviri. Kushanda kwakafanana kunogona kuitwa pane imwe neimwe IP kero chete kamwechete. Ngationei kuti zvinorevei.
Sezvauri kuona, mune yakapihwa kero muenzaniso, kune mapoka matatu e4 zero. Huwandu hwemakoroni anopatsanura aya 0000:0000:0000 mapoka ndeye 2. Saka, kana ukashandisa kaviri colon ::, izvi zvinoreva kuti mapoka emazero ari panzvimbo ino yekero. Saka unoziva sei kuti mangani mapoka emazero iyi mbiri colon inomiririra? Kana iwe ukatarisa fomu rakapfupikiswa rekero, unogona kuverenga mapoka mashanu emavara mana. Asi sezvo tichiziva kuti kero yakazara ine 5 mapoka, ipapo kaviri colon inoreva mapoka matatu e4 zero. Uyu ndiwo mutemo wekutanga wekupfupisa fomu yekero.
Mutemo wechipiri unoti unogona kurasa mazero anotungamira muboka rega rega remavara. Semuenzaniso, boka rechitanhatu rechimiro chakareba chekero chinotaridzika se6FF, uye chimiro chayo chakapfupikiswa chichataridzika se04FF, nekuti takadonhedza zero inotungamira. Saka, yekupinda 4FF hairevi chinhu chinopfuura 4FF.
Uchishandisa iyi mitemo, unogona kupfupisa chero IP kero. Nekudaro, kunyangwe mushure mekupfupisa, kero iyi haitaridzike ipfupi. Gare gare tichatarisa zvaunogona kuita nezvazvo, ikozvino ingorangarira iyi 2 mitemo.
Ngatitarisei kuti IPv4 uye IPv6 kero misoro chii.
Mufananidzo uyu wandakatora kubva painternet unotsanangura zvakanyanya musiyano uripo pakati pemisoro miviri. Sezvauri kuona, iyo IPv4 kero musoro wakanyanya kuoma uye ine ruzivo rwakawanda kupfuura iyo IPv6 musoro. Kana iyo musoro yakaoma, saka router inopedza nguva yakawanda ichiigadzirisa kuti iite sarudzo yekufambisa, saka kana uchishandisa nyore IP kero yevhezheni yechitanhatu, ma routers anoshanda zvakanyanya. Ichi ndicho chikonzero IPv6 iri nani zvakanyanya pane IPv4.
Iyo IPv4 yemusoro kureba kubva pa0 kusvika ku31 bits inotora 32 bits. Kusingabatanidzi mutsara wekupedzisira weSarudzo uye Padding, vhezheni 4 IP kero ikero ye20-byte, zvichireva kuti saizi yayo idiki makumi maviri. Kureba kwekero yevhezheni yechitanhatu haina hushoma saizi, uye kero yakadaro ine hurefu hwakatarwa hwe20 bytes.
Mumusoro weIPv4, vhezheni inouya kutanga, ichiteverwa nehurefu hwemusoro weIHL. Iyo yakasarudzika ndeye 20 bytes, asi kana mamwe maOptions ruzivo akatsanangurwa mumusoro, anogona kureba. Uchishandisa Wireshark, unogona kuverenga kukosha kweVhisheni ye4 uye kukosha kweIHL kwe5, zvinoreva zvivharo zvishanu zvakamira zvemabhayithi mana (4 bits) chimwe nechimwe, usingaverenge bhuroko reMasarudzo.
Rudzi rweSevhisi inoratidza chimiro chepakiti - semuenzaniso, paketi yezwi kana data packet, nekuti traffic yezwi inotungamira kupfuura mamwe marudzi emotokari. Muchidimbu, iyi ndima inoratidza kukosha kwetraffic. Hurefu Hwese ihuwandu hwehurefu hwemusoro hwe20 bytes pamwe nehurefu hwemubhadharo, inova iyo data iri kutamiswa. Kana ari 50 bytes, ipapo hurefu hwose huchava 70 bytes. Iyo Identification packet inoshandiswa kuratidza kutendeseka kwepaketi uchishandisa cheki paramende yeMusoro weChecksum musoro. Kana pasuru yacho ikakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvishanu, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinofanira kunge chine chiziviso chimwe - fragment offset Fragment Offset, inogona kuve nehukoshi kubva pa5 kusvika ku0, nepo chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chepakeji chinofanirwa kunge chine kukosha kwakafanana. Mireza inoratidza kana fragment shifting ichibvumidzwa. Kana iwe usingade kuti kupatsanurwa kwedata kuitike, unoseta iyo DF - usatsemura mureza. Pane mureza MF - zvimwe chidimbu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana packet yekutanga ikakamurwa kuita zvidimbu zvishanu, ipapo yechipiri packet ichaiswa kuna 4, zvichireva kuti hapasisina zvidimbu! Muchiitiko ichi, chikamu chekupedzisira chepakeji yekutanga chichaiswa chiratidzo 5, kuitira kuti mudziyo unogamuchira unogona kuparadzanisa pasuru yacho, ndiko kuti, shandisa defragmentation.
Teerera kune mavara anoshandiswa pane ino siraidhi. Minda yakabviswa kubva kuIPv6 musoro yakanyorwa mutsvuku. Ruvara rwebhuruu runoratidza maparameter akatamiswa kubva kune yechina kusvika kune yechitanhatu vhezheni yeprotocol mune yakagadziridzwa fomu. Iwo mabhokisi eyero akaramba asina kuchinjika mune ese mavhezheni. Ruvara rwegirinhi runoratidza munda wakatanga kuoneka chete muIPv6.
Iyo Identification, Mireza, Fragment Offset, uye Header Checksum minda yakabviswa nekuda kwekuti kupatsanuka hakuitike mumamiriro emazuva ano ekufambisa data uye kuongororwa kwecheki hakudiwi. Makore mazhinji apfuura, nekunonoka kufambiswa kwedata, kupatsanurwa kwaive kwakajairika, asi nhasi IEEE 802.3 Ethernet ine 1500-byte MTU iri pese pese, uye kupatsanuka hakuchasangana.
TTL, kana packet nguva yekurarama, icountdown counter - kana nguva yekurarama yasvika 0, packet inodonhedzwa. Muchokwadi, iyi ndiyo nhamba yepamusoro yehops inogona kugadzirwa mune ino network. Iyo Protocol ndima inoratidza kuti ndeipi protocol, TCP kana UDP, iri kushandiswa pane network.
Header Checksum iparameter yakaderedzwa, saka yakabviswa kubva kune itsva vhezheni yeprotocol. Inotevera ndiyo 32-bit kunobva kero uye 32-bit kero nzvimbo dzekuenda. Kana isu tine ruzivo mumutsara weSarudzo, ipapo kukosha kweIHL kunoshanduka kubva pa5 kusvika ku6, zvichiratidza kuti pane imwe nzvimbo mumusoro.
Iyo IPv6 musoro inoshandisawo Shanduro yeshanduro, uye Traffic Kirasi inoenderana neRudzi rweSevhisi ndima muIPv4 musoro. Iyo Flow Label yakafanana neiyo Traffic Kirasi uye inoshandiswa kurerutsa nzira yehomogeneous kuyerera kwemapaketi. Payload Length inoreva kureba kwemubhadharo, kana saizi yemunda wedata uri mumunda pazasi pemusoro. Kureba kwemusoro pachayo, 40 bytes, inogara uye saka haina kutaurwa chero kupi zvako.
Munda unotevera wemusoro, Unotevera Musoro, unoratidza kuti ndeupi mhando yemusoro iyo inotevera pakiti ichave. Iri ibasa rinobatsira kwazvo rinoisa mhando yeinotevera yekufambisa protocol - TCP, UDP, nezvimwewo, uye iyo ichange ichinyanya kudiwa mune ramangwana data data tekinoroji. Kunyangwe iwe ukashandisa yako yega protocol, unogona kuona kuti ndeipi protocol inotevera.
Iyo hop muganho, kana Hop Limit, yakafanana neTTL iri muIPv4 musoro, inzira yekudzivirira routing loops. Inotevera ndiyo 128-bit kunobva kero uye 128-bit kero nzvimbo dzekuenda. Musoro wese une 40 bytes muhukuru. Sezvandakataura, IPv6 iri nyore kupfuura IPv4 uye yakanyanya kunyatsoshanda kune router routing sarudzo.
Funga nezvemhando dzeIPv6 kero. Isu tinoziva kuti unicast chii - inotungamirwa kutapurirana kana imwe mudziyo yakabatana zvakananga kune imwe uye ese maturusi anogona kungotaurirana chete. Multicast nhepfenyuro yekutepfenyura uye zvinoreva kuti akati wandei maturusi anogona kutaurirana nemudziyo mumwe panguva imwe chete, iyo inogona kutaurirana nemidziyo yakati wandei panguva imwe chete. Mupfungwa iyi, multicast yakafanana neredhiyo, iyo masaini anoparadzirwa kwese kwese. Kana iwe uchida kunzwa imwe chiteshi, iwe unofanirwa kuisa redhiyo yako kune yakatarwa frequency. Kana iwe uchiyeuka vhidhiyo yekudzidzisa nezveRIP protocol, iwe unoziva kuti iyi protocol inoshandisa iyo nhepfenyuro domain 255.255.255.255 kugovera zvigadziriso, izvo zvese subnets zvakabatana. Asi izvo chete zvishandiso zvinoshandisa iyo RIP protocol zvinogashira izvi zvigadziriso.
Imwe mhando yenhepfenyuro isina kuonekwa muIPv4 inonzi Anycast. Inoshandiswa kana uine michina yakawanda ine kero yeIP yakafanana uye inokutendera kuti utumire mapaketi kunzvimbo iri pedyo kubva kuboka revanogamuchira.
Panyaya yeInternet, kwatine maCDN network, tinogona kupa muenzaniso webasa reYouTube. Iyi sevhisi inoshandiswa nevanhu vazhinji munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, asi izvi hazvireve kuti vese vanobatana zvakananga kune server yekambani muCalifornia. Iyo YouTube sevhisi ine akawanda maseva kutenderera pasirese, semuenzaniso, yangu Indian YouTube server iri muSingapore. Saizvozvo, iyo IPv6 protocol ine yakavakirwa-mukati meshini yekushandisa CDN kutapurirana uchishandisa geographically distributed network structure, kureva kushandisa Anycast.
Sezvauri kuona, pane imwe nhepfenyuro yemhando isipo pano, Broadcast, nekuti IPv6 haishandise. Asi Multicast mune iyi protocol inoita zvakafanana neBroadcast muIPv4, chete nenzira inoshanda.
Π¨Π΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²: Link Local, Unique Site Local ΠΈ Global. ΠΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² IPv4 ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ IP-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π½Π°Ρ Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ 1 IP-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ IPv6 ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ IP-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Link Local. ΠΡΠΈ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ FE80::/64.
Idzi kero dzeIP dzinoshandiswa chete pakubatanidza munharaunda. Vanhu vanoshanda neWindows vanoziva kero dzakada kufanana se 169.254.X.X - idzi ikero dzakagadzirirwa ne IPv4 protocol.
Kana komputa ikabvunza sevha yeDHCP yekero yeIP, asi nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero haigone kutaurirana nayo, maMicrosoft zvishandiso ane nzira inobvumira komputa kugovera IP kero pachayo. Muchiitiko ichi, kero ichava chinhu chakadai: 169.254.1.1. Mamiriro akafanana achamuka kana tiine komputa, switch uye router. Ngatitii router haina kugamuchira IP kero kubva kuDHCP server uye yakazvipa iyo yakafanana IP kero 169.254.1.1. Mushure meizvozvo, inotumira chikumbiro cheARP kutepfenyura pamusoro petiweki kuburikidza neshanduko, iyo inobvunza kana imwe network network ine kero iyi. Mushure mekugamuchira chikumbiro, komputa ichamupindura ichiti: "Hongu, ini ndine chaiyo IP kero!", Mushure meizvozvo iyo router ichazvipa yega kero nyowani, semuenzaniso, 169.254.10.10, uye zvakare kutumira chikumbiro cheARP pamusoro. network.
Kana pasina munhu anotaura kuti ane kero imwe chete, ipapo achachengeta kero 169.254.10.10 pachake. Saka, zvishandiso pamanetiweki emunharaunda zvinogona kusashandisa sevha yeDHCP zvachose, uchishandisa nzira yeatomatiki yekugovera kero dzeIP ivo pachavo kuti vataurirane. Izvi ndizvo zvinonzi IP kero autoconfiguration, yatakaona kakawanda asi isina kumboshandisa.
Saizvozvo, IPv6 ine nzira yekugovera Link Local IP kero kutanga neFE80::. Iyo slash 64 inoreva kupatsanurwa kwemakero etiweki uye kero dzevaenzi. Muchiitiko ichi, yekutanga 64 inoreva network, uye yechipiri 64 inoreva muenzi.
FE80 :: zvinoreva kero dzakaita seFE80.0.0.0/, uko kutema kunoteverwa nechikamu chekero yenzvimbo. Aya kero haana kufanana kune yedu mudziyo uye interface yakabatana nayo uye inogadziriswa otomatiki. Mune ino kesi, iyo inotambira chikamu inoshandisa iyo MAC kero. Sezvaunoziva, kero yeMAC ndeye 48-bit IP kero, ine mabhuroko matanhatu e6 hexadecimal manhamba. Microsoft inoshandisa sisitimu yakadai, Cisco inoshandisa mabhuroko matatu enhamba dze2 hexadecimal.
Mumuenzaniso wedu, tichashandisa kutevedzana kweMicrosoft kwefomu 11:22:33:44:55:66. Inogovera sei kero yeMAC yemudziyo? Uku kutevedzana kwenhamba mukero yekugamuchira, inova kero yeMAC, yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: kuruboshwe kune mapoka matatu e11:22:33, kurudyi kune mapoka matatu e44:55:66, uye FF uye FE inowedzerwa pakati pavo. Izvi zvinogadzira 64 bit block yekero yeIP yemugamuchiri.
Sezvaunoziva, kutevedzana 11:22:33:44:55:66 ikero yeMAC yakasarudzika kune yega yega mudziyo. Nekuisa FF: FE MAC kero pakati pemapoka maviri enhamba, tinowana yakasarudzika IP kero yechishandiso ichi. Aya ndiwo magadzirirwo akaitwa IP kero yeLocal Link mhando, iyo inoshandiswa chete kumisikidza kutaurirana pakati pevavakidzani pasina yakakosha kumisikidzwa uye yakakosha maseva. Kero yakadaro yeIP inogona kungoshandiswa mukati mechikamu chimwe chetiweki uye haigone kushandiswa kutaurirana kwekunze kunze kwechikamu ichi.
Mhando yekero inotevera ndeye Unique Site Local Scope, iyo inoenderana neyakavanzika IPv4 IP kero se 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, uye 192.168.0.0/16. Chikonzero nei kero dzemukati dzepachivande uye dzekunze dzeruzhinji IP dzichishandiswa imhaka yetekinoroji yeNAT yatakataura nezvayo muzvidzidzo zvakapfuura. Yakasarudzika Saiti Yenharaunda Scope tekinoroji inogadzira emukati IP kero. Iwe unogona kuti: "Imran, nekuti wakataura kuti mudziyo wega wega unogona kuve neayo IP kero, ndosaka takachinjira kuIPv6", uye unenge wanyatsotaura chokwadi. Asi vamwe vanhu vanosarudza kushandisa pfungwa yemukati IP kero nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza. Muchiitiko ichi, NAT inoshandiswa sefirewall, uye zvishandiso zvekunze hazvigone kutaurirana zvisina tsarukano nemidziyo iri mukati metiweki, nekuti ine kero dzepanzvimbo dzeIP dzisingawanikwe kubva kunze kweInternet. Nekudaro, NAT inogadzira matambudziko mazhinji neVPN, senge ESP protocol. IPv4 yakashandisa IPSec kuchengetedza, asi IPv6 ine yakavakirwa-mukati yekuchengetedza michina, saka kutaurirana pakati pemukati nekunze IP kero kuri nyore kwazvo.
Kuita izvi, IPv6 ine marudzi maviri akasiyana emakero: nepo Unique Local kero inoenderana ne IPv4 yemukati IP kero, Global kero inoenderana ne IPv4 ekunze kero. Vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza kusashandisa Unique Local kero zvachose, vamwe havagone kuita vasina ivo, saka iyi ndiyo nyaya yekukakavadzana nguva dzose. Ini ndinotenda kuti iwe uchawana akawanda mabhenefiti kana iwe ukangoshandisa ekunze IP kero, zvakanyanya maererano nekufamba. Semuyenzaniso, mudziyo wangu uchange uine kero yeIP yakafanana ndingave ndiri kuBangalore kana kuNew York, saka ndinokwanisa kushandisa chero mudziyo wangu chero kupi zvako pasi.
Sezvandakataura, IPv6 ine yakavakirwa-mukati yekuchengetedza nzira inobvumidza iwe kugadzira yakachengeteka VPN mugero pakati penzvimbo yehofisi yako uye zvishandiso zvako. Pakutanga, isu taida yekunze nzira yekugadzira yakadaro VPN mugero, asi muIPv6 iyi yakavakirwa-mukati menji meshini.
Sezvo takurukura nyaya dzakakwana nhasi, ndichakanganisa chidzidzo chedu kuti tienderere mberi nehurukuro yechitanhatu yeIP Internet Protocol muvhidhiyo inotevera. Pabasa remumba, ini ndichakukumbira kuti udzidze zvakanaka kuti hexadecimal nhamba system chii, nekuti kuti unzwisise IPv6, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kushandurwa kweiyo binary nhamba system kune hexadecimal uye zvinopesana. Semuenzaniso, unofanira kuziva kuti 1111=F, zvichingodaro, ingokumbira Google kuti igadzirise. Muchidzidzo chevhidhiyo chinotevera, ndichaedza kudzidzira newe mushanduko yakadai. Ini ndinokurudzira kuti utarise yanhasi vhidhiyo tutori kakati wandei kuitira kuti usave nemibvunzo ine chekuita nemisoro yakafukidzwa.
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Source: www.habr.com