Data leak muUkraine. Kufambirana nemutemo weEU

Kunyomba nekudonha kwedata rezinesi rekutyaira kuburikidza neTeregiramu bot yakatinhira muUkraine yose. Kufungira kwakambowira pachikumbiro chehurumende "DIYA", asi kubatanidzwa kwechikumbiro muchiitiko ichi kwakakurumidza kurambwa. Mibvunzo kubva munhevedzano "ndiani akaburitsa data uye sei" ichapihwa kuhurumende inomiririrwa nemapurisa ekuUkraine, iyo SBU uye makomputa uye nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi, asi nyaya yekuteedzera mutemo wedu pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu ane chokwadi che. nguva yedhijitari yakatariswa nemunyori webhuku, Vyacheslav Ustimenko, mupi wezano pakambani yemutemo Icon Partners.

Ukraine iri kuedza kujoina EU, uye izvi zvinoreva kutorwa kweEuropean zviyero zvekuchengetedza data rako pachako.

Ngatitevedzerei imwe nyaya uye tifunge kuti sangano risingaite purofiti kubva kuEU rakaburitsa huwandu hwakafanana hwedata rezinesi rekutyaira uye chokwadi ichi chakatemerwa nevanoona nezvemutemo veko.

MuEU, kusiyana neUkraine, pane mutemo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu - GDPR.

Kubvinza kunoratidza kutyorwa kwemisimboti inotsanangurwa mu:

• Chisungo 25 GDPR Kudzivirirwa kwedata rako pachako nedhizaini uye nekutadza;
• Chisungo 32 GDPR. Kuchengetedzwa kwekugadzirisa;
• Chisungo 5 clause 1.f GDPR. Nheyo yekuvimbika uye kuvanzika.

MuEU, faindi dzekutyora GDPR dzinoverengerwa mumwe nemumwe, mukuita vaizoripiswa mazana maviri ezviuru zvemaeuro.

Chii chinofanira kuchinjwa muUkraine

Maitiro akawanikwa mukuita kwekutsigira IT uye mabhizinesi epamhepo muUkraine nekune dzimwe nyika kwakaratidza matambudziko uye kubudirira kweGDPR.

Pazasi pane shanduko nhanhatu dzinofanira kuiswa mumutemo wekuUkraine.

# Gadzirisa chimiro chemutemo kunguva yedhijitari

Kubva pakasainwa Chibvumirano cheSangano neEU, Ukraine yanga ichigadzira mutemo mutsva wekuchengetedza data, uye GDPR yave mwenje unotungamira.

Kuisa mutemo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu kwanga kusiri nyore. Zvinoita sekuti kune "skeleton" muchimiro cheiyo GDPR regulation uye iwe unongoda kuvaka "nyama" (chinja maitiro), asi nyaya dzakawanda dzinokakavadzana dzinomuka, zvese kubva pakuona kwekuita uye mutemo. .

Somuenzaniso:

• ichavhura data inoonekwa seyako,
• mutemo uchashanda here kune vezvemitemo,
• Ndeipi basa rekutyora mutemo, iyo mari yefaindi ichaenzaniswa neyekuEurope, nezvimwe.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mutemo unofanirwa kuchinjirwa uye kwete kukopa kubva kuGDPR. Pachine matambudziko akawanda asina kugadziriswa muUkraine ayo asina kufanana nenyika dzeEU.

# Batanidza mazwi

Sarudza kuti ndeipi data rako pachako uye ruzivo rwakavanzika. Bumbiro reUkraine, Chinyorwa 32, chinorambidza kufambiswa kwemashoko akavanzika. Tsanangudzo yeruzivo rwakavanzika inowanikwa mune inokwana makumi maviri Mitemo.

MaQuotes kubva kumavambo ekutanga muUkraine pano

• ruzivo pamusoro penyika, dzidzo, tsika dzemhuri, kuchinja kwechitendero, mamiriro ehutano, kero, zuva uye nzvimbo yekuzvarwa (Chikamu 2 cheChikamu 11 cheMutemo weUkraine "On Information");
• ruzivo nezve nzvimbo yekugara (Chikamu 8 cheChikamu 6 cheMutemo weUkraine "Parusununguko rwekutamisa uye sarudzo yemahara yekugara muUkraine");
• ruzivo pamusoro pehupenyu hwehupenyu hwevanhu, hwakawanikwa kubva mukushungurudzwa kwevanhu munharaunda (Chinyorwa 10 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakushungurudzwa kwevanhu");
• iyo data yekutanga yakabviswa mukuita kwePopulation Census (Chinyorwa 16 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pamusoro peVose-Ukrainian Population Census");
• zvirevo zvinotumirwa nemunyoreri kuti acherechedzwe semupoteri kana kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha, izvo zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kwakawedzerwa (Chikamu 10, Chisungo chechinomwe cheMutemo weUkraine "Pavapoteri uye kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha, izvo zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kwekuwedzera kana nenguva");
• ruzivo nezve mari yepenjeni, mubhadharo wepenjeni uye mari yekudyara (yakawedzera) iyo yakagoverwa kuakaundi yepenjeni yemunhu anotora chikamu chepenjeni, account yepenjeni yedhipoziti yezvinhu zvemuviri ib, zvibvumirano zveinishuwarenzi yepenjeni yepamberi (Chikamu 3 cheChikamu 53 che. Mutemo weUkraine "On Non-Government Pension Inishuwarenzi") ;
• ruzivo pamusoro pemamiriro emari yepenjeni yakasimwa muakaundi yepenjeni yakaunganidzwa yemunhu ane inishuwarenzi (Chikamu 1 cheChinyorwa 98 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pamutemo Wehurumende Pension Inishuwarenzi");
• ruzivo nezve nyaya yekondirakiti yekuvandudzwa kwekutsvaga kwesainzi kana tsvagiridzo nekusimudzira uye marobhoti etekinoroji, kufambira mberi kwavo nemhedzisiro (Chinyorwa 895 cheCivil Code yeUkraine)
• Ruzivo runogona kushandiswa kuzivisa munhu wemutadzi mudiki kana izvo zvinoumba chokwadi chekuzviuraya kwemudiki (Chikamu 3 cheChinyorwa 62 cheMutemo weUkraine "PaTV neRadio Communications");
• Ruzivo nezvemufi (Chinyorwa 7 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pamariro emariro");
  zvirevo pamusoro pekubhadharwa kwevashandi (Chitsauko 31 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakubhadharwa kwevashandi" Zvinyorwa pamusoro pekubhadhara kwevashandi zvinobudiswa chete mumamiriro emutemo, asiwo pakufunga kwemushandi);
• zvikumbiro uye zvinhu zvekupihwa kwemvumo (Chinyorwa 19 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakuchengetedzwa Kwekodzero dzeZvigadzirwa uye Mienzaniso");
• ruzivo runogona kuwanikwa mumagwaro ezvisarudzo zvematare uye hunoita kuti zvikwanise kuziva munhu wenyama, kusanganisira: mazita (mazita, maererano nezita rezita raBaba) revanhu venyama; nzvimbo yekugara kana kuita basa remuviri kubva kukero dzakatarwa, nhamba dzenhare uye mamwe mameseji, email kero, nhamba dzekuzivikanwa (makodhi); nhamba dzekunyoresa dzemotokari dzekutakura (Chinyorwa 7 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakuwana zvisarudzo zvechikepe").
• data pamusoro pemunhu akatorwa pasi pekuchengetedzwa kubva kumhosva dzemhosva (Chinyorwa 15 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vanotora chikamu mumhosva");
• zvinhu zvekushandiswa kwemunhu wenyama kana wepamutemo kunyoreswa kwemhando yeRoslin, mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwemhando yeRoslin (Chinyorwa 23 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pakuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzemhando dzeRoslin");
• data pamusoro pegweta kudare kana sangano rekuchengetedza mutemo, rakatorwa pasi pekuchengetedzwa (Chisungo 10 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwehutongi hwemapurisa kudare uye masangano ekuchengetedza mutemo");
• seti yemarekodhi nezve vanhu vakatambura mhirizhonga (yako data) iri muRejista, pamwe neruzivo nekuwana kwakagovaniswa. (Chikamu 10, Chikamu 16 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pane Kudzivirira uye Kudzivirira Mhirizhonga Mudzimba");
• Ruzivo maererano nekuvanzika kwezvinhu zvinofamba nepakati pemauto eUkraine (Chikamu 1 cheChinyorwa 263 cheMilitary Code yeUkraine);
• Ruzivo runofanirwa kuverengerwa mukunyoreswa kwenyika kwezvigadzirwa zvemishonga uye zvekuwedzera kwavari (chikamu 8 chechinyorwa 9 cheMutemo weUkraine "Pazvinhu zvemishonga");

# Ibva kure nemafungiro ekuongorora

Kune akawanda evaluating concepts muGDPR. Valuation concepts munyika isina precedent law (zvinoreva Ukraine) inzvimbo yakawanda ye "kunzvenga mutoro" pane kubatsira kune vanhu uye nyika yese.

#Kusuma iyo pfungwa yeDPO

Dhata kudzivirira officer (DPO) inyanzvi yakazvimirira yekudzivirira data. Mutemo unofanirwa zvakajeka uye pasina pfungwa dzekuongorora kudzora kudiwa kwekugadzwa kwenyanzvi kune chinzvimbo cheDPO. Vanozviita sei muEuropean Union zvakanyorwa pano.

#Sarudza mwero wemutoro wekutyorwa mumunda wedata rako, kusiyanisa mafaindi zvichienderana nehukuru (purofiti) yekambani.

• 34 zviuru hryvnia

  Hapasati pasisina tsika yekuchengetedzwa kwedata remunhu muUkraine; Mutemo wazvino "Pakuchengetedzwa Kwedata Yemunhu" unoti "kutyorwa kunosanganisira mhosva yakadzikwa nemutemo." Mutero uri pasi peAdministrative Code yekuwana zvisiri pamutemo data rako uye kutyora kodzero dzezvidzidzo zvinosvika UAH 34,000.

• 20 mamiriyoni euro

  Iyo faindi yekutyora GDPR ndiyo yakakura kwazvo pasirese - kusvika ku20,000,000. Google yakagamuchira faindi yayo yekutanga ye4 miriyoni euros yekutyorwa kwekuvanzika kwedata kunosanganisira vagari vekuFrance.

• 114 mamiriyoni euro

  Iyo GDPR yakapemberera kusvitsa kwayo 2nd muna Chivabvu uye yakaunganidza 114 miriyoni euros mufaindi. Maregulator anowanzo kunanga makambani makuru ane mamirioni emushandisi data.

  Mahotera cheni Marriott International neBritish Airways akatarisana nefaindi dzemamiriyoni emadhora gore rino pakutyorwa kwedata kunotarisirwa kukunda Google nefaindi dzepamusoro. Maregulator eku UK akayambira kuti vari kuronga kuvaranga mari inosvika mazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu nematanhatu emamiriyoni emadhora.

  Mafaindi ane mazero matanhatu anopihwa kumakambani epasi rose ane masevhisi atinoshandisa mazuva ese. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti makambani maduku, asina kujairika haasi pasi pezvirango.

  Kambani yekuAustria yeposita yakawana faindi ye18 miriyoni euros nekugadzira nekutengesa maprofile evanhu 3 miriyoni aive neruzivo nezvekero, zvido zvevanhu uye hukama hwezvematongerwo enyika.

  Sevhisi yekubhadhara muLithuania haina kudzima data revatengi apo pakanga pasisina kudiwa kwekugadzirisa uye yakagamuchira faindi ye61,000 euros.

  Sangano risingabatsiri muBelgium rakatumira email yekushambadzira yakananga kunyangwe vagamuchiri vabuda uye vawana faindi ye1000.

  1000 euros haisi chinhu kana ichienzaniswa nekukuvara kwemukurumbira.

#Mufaro hausi mubhadharo

"Ani nani anoda kuziva ruzivo pamusoro pangu achaziva zvakadaro, pasinei nemutemo" - izvi ndizvo zvinotaurwa nevanhu vakawanda muUkraine uye nyika dzeCIS, zvinosuruvarisa.

Asi vashoma uye vashoma vanhu vanotenda zvisiri izvo pamusoro pe "vachaba pikicha yepasipoti uye kutora chikwereti muzita rangu," nokuti kunyange neyepakutanga yepasipoti yemumwe munhu mumaoko ako zviri pamutemo hazvibviri kuita izvi.

Vanhu vakakamurwa kuita misasa miviri:

• "paranoids" vanotenda muchitendero chemunhu wega data vanofunga vasati vatarisa bhokisi uye kubvuma kugadzirisa data.
• "avo vasina hanya", kana vanhu vanongoburitsa data ravo kune network, havafunge nezvemhedzisiro. Uye ipapo makadhi avo echikwereti anobiwa, vanosaina kuti vabhadharwe, maakaundi avo evatumwa anobiwa, maemail avo anobiwa, kana cryptocurrency inobviswa muchikwama chavo.

Rusununguko uye democracy

Kudzivirirwa kwedata remunhu ndeye rusununguko rwekusarudza kwemunhu, tsika yenzanga uye democracy. Zviri nyore kubata nzanga ine data rakawanda; zvinokwanisika kufanotaura sarudzo yemunhu uye kumusundidzira kune chaunoda kuita. Zvakaoma kuti munhu aite zvaanoda kana akatariswa, munhu wacho anova akasununguka, uye somugumisiro, akadzorwa, ndiko kuti, munhu asingazivi haaiti sezvaanoda, asi sezvaakanga agutsikana kuita.

GDPR haina kukwana, asi inozadzisa pfungwa huru uye chinangwa muEU - veEurope vakaziva kuti munhu akazvimirira ndiye muridzi uye anotonga data rake.

Ukraine iri chete pakutanga kwerwendo rwayo, pasi iri kugadzirwa. Kubva kuhurumende, vagari vanogashira chinyorwa chitsva chemutemo, vangangove sangano rakazvimirira rekutonga, asi maUkraine ivo pachavo vanofanirwa kuuya kune yemazuva ano tsika dzeEurope uye kunzwisisa kuti democracy muna 2020 inofanirawo kuvapo munzvimbo yedhijitari.

PS Ndiri kunyora pasocial media. network nezve jurisprudence uye IT bhizinesi. Ini ndichafara kana iwe ukanyorera kune imwe yeakaundi yangu. Izvi zvichawedzera kukurudzira kukudziridza chimiro chako uye kushanda pane zvirimo.

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Source: www.habr.com