Mabasa emazuva ano ekutarisisa masisitimu aenda kure kurekodha vhidhiyo sekudaro. Kuona mafambiro munzvimbo inofarira, kuverenga uye kuona vanhu nemotokari, kuteedzera chinhu mutraffic - nhasi kunyangwe isiri iyo inodhura IP kamera inokwanisa zvese izvi. Kana iwe uine sevha inobereka zvakakwana uye software inodiwa, mikana yezvivakwa zvekuchengetedza inove isingaite. Asi pane imwe nguva masisitimu akadaro aisakwanisa kurekodha vhidhiyo.
Kubva pane pantelegraph kuenda kune mechanic TV
Kuedza kwekutanga kutumira mifananidzo kure kure kwakaitwa muhafu yechipiri yezana ramakore rechi 1862. Muna XNUMX, Florentine abbot Giovanni Caselli akagadzira chigadziro chinokwanisa kwete kungotumira chete, asiwo kugamuchira mifananidzo kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi - pantelegraph. Asi kudaidza iyi unit kuti "Mechanical TV" yaingove yakatambanudzwa: kutaura zvazviri, mugadziri weItaly akagadzira prototype yemuchina wefax.
Pantelegraph naGiovanni Caselli
Caselli's electrochemical telegraph yakashanda seinotevera. Mufananidzo wakafambiswa wakatanga "kushandurwa" kuita chimiro chakakodzera, chakadhirowewa neingi isiri-conductive pandiro yestaniol (tin foil), ndokuzogadzikwa nezvisungo pane yakakomberedzwa substrate yemhangura. Tsono yegoridhe yaiita semusoro wekuverenga, ichivheneka simbi yepepa mutsara nemutsara nenhanho ye0,5 mm. Apo tsono yakanga iri pamusoro penzvimbo ine inki isina-conductive, dunhu revhu rakavhurwa uye ikozvino yakapiwa kune waya dzinobatanidza kuendesa pantelegraph kune iyo inogamuchira. Panguva imwecheteyo, tsono inogashira yaifamba pamusoro pebepa gobvu rakanyikwa mumusanganiswa wegelatin uye potassium hexacyanoferrate. Pasi pesimba remagetsi emagetsi, kubatana kwakasviba, nekuda kwekuti mufananidzo wakagadzirwa.
Chishandiso chakadaro chaive nezvakawanda zvakaipa, pakati pazvo zvakakosha kuratidza kuderera kwechigadzirwa, kudikanwa kwekuenderana kweanogamuchira uye anotumira, iko kurongeka kwaienderana nemhando yemufananidzo wekupedzisira, pamwe nekusimba kwekushanda uye kukwirira. mutengo wekugadzirisa, semugumisiro wehupenyu hwepantelegraph hwakave hupfupi zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, michina yeCaselli yakashandiswa pamutsetse weteregirafu weMoscow-St. pakutanga 1.
Bildtelegraph, yakagadzirwa muna 1902 naArthur Korn pahwaro hwekutanga fotocell yakagadzirwa nenyanzvi yefizikisi yekuRussia Alexander Stoletov, yakave yakanyanya kushanda. Chishandiso ichi chakave nemukurumbira pasi rose munaKurume 17, 1908: pazuva iri, nerubatsiro rwebildtelegraph, mufananidzo wetsotsi wakafambiswa kubva kukamba yemapurisa yeParis kuenda kuLondon, nekuda kwekuti mapurisa akazokwanisa kuziva uye kusunga munhu wacho. .
Arthur Korn uye bildtelegraph yake
Chikwata chakadaro chakapa ruzivo rwakanaka mumufananidzo wemifananidzo uye hachichadi gadziriro yakakosha, asi yanga isati yave yakakodzera kuendesa mufananidzo munguva chaiyo: zvakatora anenge 10-15 maminetsi kugadzirisa mufananidzo mumwe. Asi bildtelegraph yakatora midzi zvakanaka musayenzi yezvesayenzi (yakashandiswa zvakabudirira nemapurisa kutamisa mapikicha, identikit mifananidzo uye zvigunwe pakati pemadhipatimendi uye kunyange nyika), uyewo munhau dzenhau.
Kubudirira kwechokwadi munzvimbo iyi kwakaitika muna 1909: ndipo apo Georges Rin akakwanisa kuwana kutapurirana kwemifananidzo nereti yekuzorodza ye1 furemu pasekondi. Sezvo iyo telephotographic apparatus yaive ne "sensor" inomiririrwa ne mosaic ye selenium photocells, uye kugadzirisa kwayo kwaingova 8 Γ 8 "pixels," haina kumbopfuura madziro erabhoritari. Zvisinei, chokwadi chekuonekwa kwayo chakaisa hwaro hunodiwa hwekuwedzera tsvakurudzo mumunda wekutepfenyura mifananidzo.
Injiniya wekuScotland John Baird akabudirira zvechokwadi mundima iyi, uyo akadzika munhoroondo semunhu wekutanga akakwanisa kufambisa chifananidzo chiri chinhambwe munguva chaiyo, ndosaka ari iye anoonekwa se "baba" vemagetsi. terevhizheni (uye terevhizheni kazhinji). Tichifunga kuti Baird akapotsa arasikirwa neupenyu hwake panguva yekuedza kwake, achiwana 2000-volt electric shock achitsiva photovoltaic cell mukhamera yaakagadzira, zita iri rakakodzera zvachose.
John Baird, muvambi weterevhizheni
Kusikwa kwaBaird kwakashandisa dhisiki rinokosha rakagadzirwa nenyanzvi yokuGermany Paul Nipkow kare muna 1884. Nipkow dhisiki rakagadzirwa neopaque zvinhu zvine huwandu hwemaburi akaenzana dhayamita, rakarongedzwa mudenderedzwa mune imwe kutendeuka kubva pakati pedhisiki pane yakaenzana angular chinhambwe kubva kune mumwe, yakashandiswa ese ari maviri pakuongorora mufananidzo uye pakuumbwa kwawo. pamidziyo yekugamuchira.
Nipkow disk mudziyo
Iyo lens yakatarisa mufananidzo wechinyorwa pamusoro pedhisiki inotenderera. Chiedza, chichipfuura nemakomba, chakarova photocell, nekuda kwekuti mufananidzo wacho wakashandurwa kuva chiratidzo chemagetsi. Sezvo maburi acho akarongedzerwa mumhepo, imwe neimwe yakanyatsoita mutsara-ne-mutsara scan yenzvimbo chaiyo yemufananidzo wakanangidzirwa nelenzi. Chaizvo dhisiki rimwe chetero raivepo mumudziyo wekutamba, asi kumashure kwaro kwaive nerambi remagetsi rine simba rainzwa kushanduka kwechiedza, uye pamberi paro pakanga paine lens inokudza kana lens system yaiburitsa mufananidzo pachiratidziri.
Operating musimboti wemakanika terevhizheni masisitimu
Baird's apparatus yakashandisa dhisiki reNipkow rine maburi 30 (somugumisiro, mufananidzo wakabuda waiva nescan yakatwasuka yemitsara 30 chete) uye yaigona kuongorora zvinhu nefrequency yemafuremu mashanu pasekondi. Kuedza kwekutanga kwakabudirira mukufambisa mufananidzo wakasviba-uye-chena kwakaitika muna Gumiguru 5, 2: ipapo injiniya akakwanisa kuendesa kekutanga mufananidzo wehafu yehafu yedummy ye ventriloquist kubva kune chimwe chishandiso kuenda kune chimwe.
Munguva yekuedza, mutumwa aifanira kuendesa tsamba dzakakosha akaridza bhero repagonhi. Akurudzirwa nekubudirira kwake, Baird akabata jaya rakanga raora mwoyo noruoko ndokumuendesa murabhoritari yake: akanga achidisa kuongorora kuti uropi hwake hwaizoita sei nokuparadzira mufananidzo wechiso chomunhu. Saka William Edward Tainton ane makore 20 okukura, ari munzvimbo chaiyo panguva chaiyo, akapinda munhoroondo semunhu wokutanga βkuva paTV.β
Muna 1927, Baird akatanga kutepfenyura paterevhizheni pakati peLondon neGlasgow (chinhambwe chemakiromita 705) nepawaya dzenhare. Uye muna 1928, Baird Television Development Company Ltd, yakavambwa nainjiniya, yakabudirira kuita kufambisa kwekutanga kwepasi rose kwechiratidzo cheterevhizheni pakati peLondon neHartsdale (New York). Kuratidzira kwekugona kweBaird's 30-band system yakave yakanyanya kushambadza: kare muna 1929 yakagamuchirwa neBBC uye yakashandiswa zvakabudirira mumakore matanhatu akatevera, kusvika yakatsiviwa nemichina yemhando yepamusoro yakavakirwa pacathode ray chubhu.
Iconoscope - chiratidzo chenguva itsva
Nyika ine chikwereti chekuonekwa kwecathode ray chubhu kune aimbova shamwari yedu Vladimir Kozmich Zvorykin. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika, injiniya akatora rutivi rweboka chena ndokutiza kuburikidza neYekaterinburg kuenda kuOmsk, kwaaiita midziyo yeredhiyo. Muna 1919, Zvorykin akaenda rwendo rwebhizimisi kuNew York. Panguva ino, Omsk oparesheni yakaitika (November 1919), mugumisiro waiva kutorwa kweguta neRed Army pasina kurwa. Sezvo injiniya akanga asina kumwe kwokudzokera, akaramba ari mukumanikidzwa kuenda kune imwe nyika, achiva mushandi weWestinghouse Electric (ikozvino CBS Corporation), iyo yakanga yatova imwe yemakambani makuru einjiniya emagetsi muUnited States, kwaaive panguva imwe chete achiita tsvakurudzo. munda wekufambisa kwechifananidzo pane chinhambwe.
Vladimir Kozmich Zvorykin, musiki iconoscope
Pakazosvika 1923, injinjini yakakwanisa kugadzira yekutanga terevhizheni, iyo yaive yakavakirwa pakutumira elektroni chubhu ine mosaic photocathode. Zvisinei, zviremera zvitsva hazvina kutora basa remusayendisiti zvakakomba, saka kwenguva yakareba Zvorykin aifanira kuita tsvakurudzo ari oga, mumamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi hushoma. Mukana wekudzokera kumabasa ekutsvakurudza kwenguva yakazara wakazviratidza kuna Zworykin chete muna 1928, apo musayendisiti akasangana nemumwe mutorwa kubva kuRussia, David Sarnov, uyo panguva iyoyo akabata chigaro chemutevedzeri wemutungamiri weRadio Corporation of America (RCA). Achiona pfungwa dzemugadziri dzichivimbisa zvikuru, Sarnov akagadza Zvorykin semukuru weRCA electronics laboratory, uye nyaya yacho yakabva yadzika.
Muna 1929, Vladimir Kozmich akaratidza mufananidzo wekushanda we-high-vacuum terevhizheni tube (kinescope), uye muna 1931 akapedza basa pachigadziro chekugamuchira, chaakadana kuti "iconoscope" (kubva muchiGiriki eikon - "mufananidzo" uye skopeo - " tarisa"). Iconoscope yakanga iri girazi regirazi furasiki, mukati mayo mune chiedza-sensitive target uye electron pfuti iri pakona kwairi zvakagadziriswa.
Schematic dhizaini yeiyo iconoscope
A photosensitive target inoyera 6 Γ 19 cm yakamiririrwa nendiro yakatetepa insulator (mica), kune rimwe divi iro microscopic (makumi akati wandei emamicrons muhukuru imwe neimwe) madonhwe esirivha muhuwandu hunosvika 1 zvidimbu, zvakaputirwa necesium, zvakaiswa. , uye pane imwe - sirivha yakasimba yekuvhara, kubva pamusoro peiyo chiratidzo chekubuda chakanyorwa. Apo chinangwa chakavhenekerwa pasi pesimba remufananidzo we photoelectric, madonhwe esirivha akawana mutero wakanaka, hukuru hwahwo hwaienderana nehuwandu hwekuvhenekera.
Iyo yepakutanga iconoscope inoratidzwa paCzech National Museum of Technology
Iyo iconoscope yakagadzira hwaro hwekutanga kwemagetsi terevhizheni masisitimu. Chitarisiko chayo chakaita kuti zvikwanise kuvandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwemufananidzo unofambiswa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwakapetwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zviri mumufananidzo weterevhizheni: kubva pa300 Γ 400 pixels mumamodhi ekutanga kusvika 1000 Γ 1000 pixels mune mamwe epamberi. Kunyange zvazvo chigadziro chacho chakanga chisina zvimwe zvipingamupinyi, kusanganisira kuderera kwekunzwa (pakupfura kwakazara, kuvhenekera kweinenge 10 XNUMX lux yaidiwa) uye kukanganiswa kwedombo guru kunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kweakisi ye optical neaxis yedanda rehubhu, kugadzirwa kwaZvorykin kwakava chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yekutariswa kwevhidhiyo, panguva yekutarisa zvakanyanya remangwana vector yekuvandudza indasitiri.
Munzira kubva ku "analogue" kuenda ku "digital"
Sezvinowanzoitika, kuvandudzwa kwehumwe matekinoroji kunofambiswa nekukakavadzana kwemauto, uye kuongororwa kwevhidhiyo mune iyi nyaya hakuna mutsauko. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, Third Reich yakatanga kushingaira kugadzira zvombo zvenguva refu zveballistic. Nekudaro, yekutanga prototypes yeakakurumbira "chombo chekutsiva" V-2 yakanga isina kuvimbika: maroketi aiwanzoputika pakuvhurwa kana kudonha nguva pfupi yasimuka. Sezvo advanced telemetry masisitimu akange asati avepo mumusimboti, nzira chete yekuona chikonzero chekutadza kwaive kuona kwekuona kwekutanga maitiro, asi izvi zvaive nengozi zvakanyanya.
Kugadzirira kwekutangwa kweV-2 ballistic missile paPeenemΓΌnde test site
Kuita kuti basa rive nyore kune vanogadzira zvombo uye kwete kuisa hupenyu hwavo munjodzi, muGerman injiniya wemagetsi Walter Bruch akagadzira inodaidzwa kuti CCTV system (Closed Circuit Television). Midziyo inodiwa yakaiswa panzvimbo yekudzidzira yePeenemΓΌnde. Kusikwa kweinjiniya yemagetsi yeGerman kwakabvumira masayendisiti kuona kufambira mberi kwebvunzo kubva kure kure nemakiromita 2,5, pasina kutya hupenyu hwavo.
Pasinei nezvose zvakanakira, Bruch's video surveillance system yakanga ine drawback inokosha zvikuru: yakanga isina dhidhiyo yekurekodha yevhidhiyo, izvo zvinoreva kuti mufambisi aisakwanisa kusiya nzvimbo yake yebasa kwechipiri. Hukuru hwedambudziko iri hunogona kuongororwa neongororo yakaitwa neIMS Research munguva yedu. Maererano nemigumisiro yake, munhu ane hutano hwakanaka, akazorora zvakanaka achapotsa kusvika ku45% yezviitiko zvinokosha mushure memaminitsi gumi nemaviri ekucherechedza, uye mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri nemaviri nhamba iyi ichasvika 12%. Uye kana mumunda wekuongorora missile chokwadi ichi hachina kuita basa rakakosha, sezvo masayendisiti aisada kugara pamberi pezviratidziro kwemaawa akati wandei panguva, saka maererano nekuchengetedza masisitimu, kushaikwa kwevhidhiyo yekurekodha kugona kwakakanganiswa zvakanyanya. kushanda kwavo.
Izvi zvakaenderera mberi kusvika 1956, apo yekutanga vhidhiyo rekodha Ampex VR 1000, yakagadzirwa zvakare neyaimbova shamwari yedu Alexander Matveevich Ponyatov, yakaona chiedza chezuva. Kufanana naZworykin, musayendisiti akatora rutivi rweWhite Army, mushure mekukundwa kwake akatanga kutamira kuChina, kwaakashanda kwemakore 7 mune imwe yemakambani emagetsi emagetsi muShanghai, akazogara kwenguva yakati muFrance, mushure mezvo mukupera kwema1920s akatamira zvachose kuU.SA uye akagamuchira chizvarwa cheAmerica muna 1932.
Alexander Matveevich Ponyatov uye prototype yenyika yekutanga vhidhiyo rekodhi Ampex VR 1000.
Mumakore gumi nemaviri akatevera, Ponyatov akakwanisa kushanda kumakambani akadai seGeneral Electric, Pacific Gas uye Electric uye Dalmo-Victor Westinghouse, asi muna 12 akasarudza kutanga bhizinesi rake uye akanyoresa Ampex Electric and Manufacturing Company. Pakutanga, Ampex yakanyatso kugadzirwa kweakakwira-chaiyo madhiraivha eiyo radar masisitimu, asi mushure mehondo, zviitiko zvekambani zvakadzoserwa kune imwe nzvimbo inovimbisa - kugadzirwa kwemagineti yekurekodha michina. Munguva kubva muna 1944 kusvika muna 1947, kambani yaPoniatov yakagadzira mienzaniso yakawanda yakabudirira yematepi ekurekodha, ayo akashandiswa mumunda weutori venhau.
Muna 1951, Poniatov nevakuru vake vadzidzisi vehunyanzvi Charles Ginzburg, Weiter Selsted naMiron Stolyarov vakasarudza kuenderera mberi nekugadzira mudziyo wekurekodha vhidhiyo. Mugore rimwe chetero, vakagadzira iyo Ampex VR 1000B prototype, iyo inoshandisa musimboti wekuyambuka-mutsara kurekodha yeruzivo ine inotenderera magineti misoro. Iyi dhizaini yakaita kuti zvikwanise kupa iyo inodiwa mwero wekuita kwekurekodha chiratidzo cheterevhizheni ine frequency yeakawanda megahertz.
Scheme yekuyambuka-mutsara vhidhiyo kurekodha
Yekutanga yekutengesa modhi yeApex VR 1000 yakatevedzana yakaburitswa makore mashanu gare gare. Panguva yekusunungurwa, chigadzirwa chacho chakatengeswa ne5 zviuru zvemadhora, iyo yaiva mari yakawanda panguva iyoyo. Kuenzanisa: Chevy Corvette, yakabudiswa mugore rimwe chete, yakapiwa $ 50 chete, uye motokari iyi yaiva, kwechinguva, yechikwata chemotokari dzemitambo.
Yakanga iri mutengo wakakwira wemidziyo iyo kwenguva yakareba yaive nemhedzisiro yekudzora pakuvandudzwa kwevhidhiyo yekuongorora. Kuenzanisira chokwadi ichi, zvakakwana kutaura kuti mukugadzirira kushanya kwemhuri yehumambo yeThai kuLondon, mapurisa akaisa chete 2 vhidhiyo makamera muTrafalgar Square (uye izvi zvaive zvekuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwevakuru vakuru vehurumende) , uye mushure mezviitiko zvese iyo yekuchengetedza system yakabviswa.
Mambokadzi Elizabeth II naPrince Philip, Duke weEdinburgh vanosangana naMambo Bhumibol weThailand naMambokadzi Sirikit
Kubuda kwemabasa ekuswededza, kutenderedza uye kubatidza timer kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kukwidziridza mitengo yekuvaka masisitimu ekuchengetedza nekudzikisa huwandu hwemidziyo inodiwa kudzora nharaunda, zvisinei, kuitwa kwemapurojekiti akadaro kuchiri kuda mari yakawanda. Semuyenzaniso, hurongwa hwekuongorora mavhidhiyo emuguta reOlean (New York), hwakatanga kushanda muna 1968, hwakadyira zviremera zveguta madhora miriyoni 1,4, uye zvakatora makore maviri kuendesa, uye izvi kunyangwe hazvo zvivakwa zvese zvaive. inomiririrwa ne2 chete vhidhiyo kamera. Uye zvechokwadi, pakanga pasina kutaura kwekurekodha chero nguva-ye-wachi panguva iyoyo: rekodha yevhidhiyo yakavhurwa chete pakuraira kweanoshanda, nekuti zvese firimu nemidziyo pachayo yaidhura zvakanyanya, uye kushanda kwavo 8/24. yakanga isiri mubvunzo.
Zvese zvakachinja nekupararira kweiyo VHS chiyero, chitarisiko chatinokwereta kune injiniya wechiJapan Shizuo Takano, akashanda paJVC.
Shizuo Takano, mugadziri weiyo VHS fomati
Iyo fomati yaisanganisira kushandiswa kweazimuthal kurekodha, iyo inoshandisa misoro miviri yevhidhiyo kamwechete. Mumwe nemumwe wavo akarekodha nhandare yeterevhizheni uye aine maburi ekushanda akatsauka kubva kudivi remberi nekona imwe chete ye6 Β° munzvimbo dzakapesana, izvo zvakaita kuti zvibvirire kudzikisa kuyambuka pakati pemakombi evhidhiyo ari padyo uye kuderedza zvakanyanya mukaha uripo pakati pawo, zvichiwedzera kurekodha density. . Misoro yevhidhiyo yaive padhiramu ine dhayamita ye62 mm, ichitenderera pane frequency ye1500 rpm. Mukuwedzera kune yakarerekera vhidhiyo yekurekodha mateki, maviri ekuteerera akarekodhwa padivi pekumusoro kweiyo magnetic tape, akaparadzaniswa negevha rekudzivirira. Nzira yekudzora ine furemu sync pulses yakarekodhwa pamucheto wezasi wetepi.
Paunenge uchishandisa fomati yeVHS, chiratidzo chevhidhiyo chakaumbwa chakanyorwa pakaseti, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kupfuudza nechiteshi chimwe chekutaura uye kurerutsa zvakanyanya kuchinja pakati pemidziyo yekugamuchira nekutumira. Pamusoro pezvo, kusiyana neBetamax neU-matic mafomati aive nemukurumbira mumakore iwayo, ayo aishandisa U-shaped magineti ekurodha meshini ine turntable, iyo yaive yakajairwa kune ese apfuura makaseti masisitimu, iyo VHS fomati yaive yakavakirwa pamusimboti mutsva. yezvinonzi M - gas station.
Scheme yeM-inozadza magineti firimu muVHS kaseti
Kubvisa uye kurodha tepi yemagineti yakaitwa uchishandisa maforogo maviri ekutungamira, imwe neimwe yaive neyakagadzika roller uye yakatemerwa cylindrical stand, iyo yakatemesa kona chaiyo yetepi pachidhiramu chemisoro inotenderera, iyo yakavimbisa kurerekera. vhidhiyo yekurekodha track kusvika kumucheto wepasi. Makona ekupinda nekubuda kwe tepi kubva kudhiramu aive akaenzana nekona yekutenderera kwendege yekutenderera kwedhiramu kusvika kuzasi kwechigadziro, nekuda kwekuti ma rolls ese ekaseti aive mundege imwechete.
Iyo M-yekurodha meshini yakave yakavimbika uye yakabatsira kudzikisa mekiniki mutoro pafirimu. Kusavapo kwepuratifomu inotenderera kwakarerutsa kugadzirwa kwemakaseti pachawo uye maVCR, ayo aive nemhedzisiro yakanaka pamutengo wavo. Kunyanya nekuda kweizvi, VHS yakakunda kukunda kukuru mu "format war," ichiita kuti kutariswa kwevhidhiyo kusvike zvechokwadi.
Vhidhiyo makamera zvakare haana kumira: zvishandiso zvine cathode ray chubhu zvakatsiviwa nemhando dzakagadzirwa pahwaro hweCCD matrices. Nyika ine chikwereti chekuonekwa kwekupedzisira kuna Willard Boyle naGeorge Smith, avo vakashanda paAT&T Bell Labs pane semiconductor data kuchengetedza zvishandiso. Mukati mekutsvaga kwavo, nyanzvi dzefizikisi dzakaona kuti maseketi akabatanidzwa avakagadzira aive pasi peiyo photoelectric effect. Nechekare muna 1970, Boyle naSmith vakaunza yekutanga mutsara mafotodetectors (CCD arrays).
Muna 1973, Fairchild akatanga serial kugadzirwa kweCCD matrices nechisarudzo che 100 Γ 100 pixels, uye muna 1975, Steve Sasson kubva kuKodak akagadzira yekutanga kamera yedhijitari zvichienderana nematrix akadaro. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisingabviri zvachose kushandisa, sezvo nzira yekugadzira chifananidzo yakatora masekondi makumi maviri nematatu, uye kurekodha kwayo kwakazotevera pa23 mm kaseti kwakatora nguva imwe nehafu. Mukuwedzera, 8 nickel-cadmium mabhatiri akashandiswa semagetsi emagetsi ekhamera, uye chinhu chose chairema 16 kg.
Steve Sasson uye Kodak yekutanga digitaalinen kamera zvichienzaniswa nemazuva ano point-and-shoot camera
Mupiro mukuru mukusimudzirwa kwemusika wedhijitari kamera wakaitwa naSony Corporation uye iye pachake naKazuo Iwama, aitungamirira Sony Corporation of America mumakore iwayo. Akanga ari iye akaomerera pakudyara mari yakawanda mukugadzirwa kweCCD chips yayo, nekuda kwekuti muna 1980 kambani yakaunza yekutanga ruvara rweCCD vhidhiyo kamera, XC-1. Mushure mekufa kwaKazuo muna 1982, guva rine CCD matrix rakaiswa pairi rakaiswa paguva rake.
Kazuo Iwama, purezidhendi weSony Corporation yeAmerica mu70s yezana ramakore rechi XX
Eya, September 1996 akaratidzirwa nechiitiko chinogona kufananidzwa mukukosha nokugadzirwa kweiyo iconoscope. Yakanga iri iyo iyo kambani yeSweden Axis Communications yakaunza yenyika yekutanga "digital kamera ine web server mabasa" NetEye 200.
Axis Neteye 200 - yekutanga IP kamera yenyika
Kunyangwe panguva yekuburitswa, NetEye 200 haigone kunzi vhidhiyo kamera mune yakajairika pfungwa yezwi. Chishandiso ichi chaive chakaderera kune vamwe vayo pamasekonzi ese chaiwo: kuita kwayo kwakasiyana kubva pa1 furemu pasekondi muCIF fomati (352 Γ 288, kana 0,1 MP) kusvika 1 furemu pamasekonzi gumi nematanhatu mu17CIF (4 Γ 704, 576 MP), Uyezve. , kurekodha hakuna kunyange kuchengetwa mune imwe faira, asi sekutevedzana kwemifananidzo yeJPEG. Zvisinei, chinhu chikuru cheAxis brainchild chakanga chisiri kukurumidza kupfura kana kujekesa kwemifananidzo, asi kuvapo kweETRAX RISC processor uye yakavakwa mu0,4Base-T Ethernet port, iyo yakaita kuti zvikwanise kubatanidza kamera zvakananga kune router. kana PC network kadhi seyakajairwa network network uye idzore uchishandisa inosanganisirwa Java application. Kwaive kuziva uku kwakamanikidza vagadziri vazhinji vemavhidhiyo ekutarisa masisitimu kuti vatarise zvakanyanya maonero avo uye kusarudza iyo general vector yekusimudzira indasitiri kwemakore mazhinji.
Mikana yakawanda - yakawanda mari
Pasinei nekukurumidzira kuvandudza tekinoroji, kunyangwe mushure memakore akawanda kudaro, chikamu chemari chenyaya chinoramba chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo yekuongorora masisitimu. Kunyangwe NTP yakabatsira mukudzikiswa kukuru kwemutengo wemidziyo, nekuda kwekuti nhasi zvinokwanisika kuunganidza sisitimu yakafanana neiyo yakaiswa mukupera kwema60s muOlean kwemazana emadhora mazana uye maawa mashoma echokwadi. nguva, zvivakwa zvakadaro hazvichakwanisi kuzadzisa zvidikanwi zvakawanda zvebhizinesi razvino .
Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuchinja kwezvinhu zvakakosha. Kana kare mavhidhiyo ekuongorora aishandiswa chete kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa, nhasi mutyairi mukuru wekusimudzira indasitiri (maererano neTransparency Market Research) ndeyekutengesa, iyo maitiro akadaro anobatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ekutengesa. Mamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa kuona huwandu hweshanduko zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevashanyi uye huwandu hwevatengi vanopfuura nepamakaunda ekubhadhara. Kana tikawedzera hurongwa hwekucherechedzwa kwechiso kune izvi, tichiibatanidza nechirongwa chekuvimbika chiripo, tichakwanisa kudzidza maitiro evatengi tichitarisa kune magariro-demographic zvinhu zvekuzotevera kuumbwa kwezvipo zvemunhu (kuderedzwa kwemunhu, mabundle nemutengo wakanaka, etc.).
Dambudziko nderekuti kuitwa kweiyo vhidhiyo analytics system yakazara nemari yakakosha uye mari yekushandisa. Chigumbuso apa ndechekuzivikanwa kwevatengi kumeso. Chinhu chimwe kutarisisa chiso chemunhu kubva kumberi pacheki panguva yekubhadhara usingabatike, uye chimwewo chinhu kuzviita mutraffic (panzvimbo yekutengesa), kubva kumakona akasiyana uye mumamiriro akasiyana emwenje. Pano, chete matatu-dimensional modelling yezviso munguva chaiyo uchishandisa stereo makamera uye muchina kudzidza algorithms inogona kuratidza kushanda kwakakwana, izvo zvinozotungamira kukuwedzera kusingadzivisiki kwemutoro pane yese zvigadzirwa.
Tichifunga izvi, Western Digital yakagadzira pfungwa yeCore kuEdge chengetedzo yeOngororo, ichipa vatengi seti yakazara yemhinduro dzemazuva ano dzemavhidhiyo ekurekodha masisitimu "kubva kamera kuenda kune server". Iko kusanganiswa kwehunyanzvi hwepamberi, kuvimbika, kugona uye kuita kunoita kuti iwe uvake inowirirana ecosystem inogona kugadzirisa rinenge chero dambudziko rakapihwa, uye kukwidziridza mutengo wekuendesa uye kugadzirisa.
Mutsara wemureza wekambani yedu ndeye WD Purple mhuri yeakasarudzika madhiraivha evhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu ane hunyanzvi kubva ku1 kusvika ku18 terabytes.
Iwo Purple Series madhiraivha akagadzirirwa chaizvo XNUMX/XNUMX kushandiswa mune yakakwirira-tsanangudzo vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu uye inobatanidza Western Digital yazvino kufambira mberi mune hard drive tekinoroji.
- HelioSeal chikuva
Iwo ekare modhi yeWD Purple mutsetse ane masimba kubva pa8 kusvika 18 TB akavakirwa paHelioSeal papuratifomu. Dzimba dzemadhiraivha aya dzakanamwa zvachose, uye iyo hermetic block inozadzwa kwete nemhepo, asi ine isingawanzo helium. Kuderedza kushorwa kwenzvimbo yegasi uye mhirizhonga zviratidzo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuderedza ukobvu hwemagineti mahwendefa, pamwe nekuwana hukuru hwekurekodha density uchishandisa nzira yeCMR nekuda kwekuwedzera kwechokwadi kwekumisikidza musoro (uchishandisa Advanced Format Technology). Nekuda kweizvozvo, kukwidziridza kuWD Purple kunopa inosvika makumi manomwe neshanu muzana huwandu mumaraki mamwe chete, pasina chikonzero chekuwedzera zvivakwa zvako. Pamusoro pezvo, madhiraivha ehelium ane 75% simba rakawanda kupfuura maHDD akajairwa nekudzikisa mashandisirwo emagetsi anodiwa kutenderera uye kutenderedza spindle. Imwe mari inochengeterwa inopihwa nekudzikisa mitengo yekufemesa mhepo: pamutoro mumwe chete, WD Purple inotonhorera kupfuura analogues ayo neavhareji ye58Β°C.
- AllFrame AI tekinoroji
Kuvhiringidza kuduku panguva yekurekodha kunogona kutungamirira mukurasikirwa kwemashoko anokosha evhidhiyo, izvo zvichaita kuti kuongororwa kunotevera kwemashoko akagamuchirwa kusingabviri. Kuti udzivise izvi, tsigiro yekusarudzika Yekutenderera Feature Set chikamu cheATA protocol yakaunzwa mufirmware ye "yepepuru" inoteedzera madhiraivha. Pakati pezvazvinogoneka, zvinodikanwa kuratidza kukwidziridzwa kwekushandiswa kwecache zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemavhidhiyo akagadziridzwa hova uye kutonga kwekutanga kwekuita kwekuverenga / kunyora mirairo, nekudaro kuderedza mukana weakadonhedza mafuremu uye kutaridzika kwemifananidzo. Nekudaro, iyo itsva seti yeAllFrame AI algorithms inoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa madhiraivha akaomarara mumasisitimu anogadzirisa nhamba yakakosha yeasochronous nzizi: WD Purple madhiraivha anotsigira kushanda panguva imwe chete ne64 yakakwirira-tsanangudzo makamera uye akagadziridzwa akaremerwa vhidhiyo analytics uye Yakadzika. Zvirongwa zvekudzidza.
- Nguva Yakakwana Kukanganisa Kudzoreredza Tekinoroji
Imwe yematambudziko akajairika kana uchishanda nemasevha akaremerwa zvakanyanya kuora kwega kweiyo RAID array inokonzerwa nekupfuura inotenderwa kukanganisa kukanganisa nguva. Iyo Nguva Yakaganhurirwa Kanganiso Yekudzoreredza sarudzo inobatsira kudzivirira HDD kuvharika kana nguva yekubuda ichipfuura masekonzi manomwe: kudzivirira izvi kuti zvisaitike, dhiraivha inotumira chiratidzo chinopindirana kune RAID controller, mushure meiyo nzira yekururamisa ichamiswa kusvikira sisitimu isingaite.
- Western Digital Device Analytics Monitoring System
Mabasa akakosha anofanirwa kugadziriswa pakugadzira masisitimu ekutarisa vhidhiyo ari kuwedzera nguva yekushanda-isina dambudziko uye kuderedza nguva yekudzikira nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka. Uchishandisa hunyanzvi hweWestern Digital Device Analytics (WDDA) software package, maneja anowana mukana kune dzakasiyana siyana parametric, inoshanda uye yekuongorora data pamamiriro ekutyaira, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kukurumidza kuona chero matambudziko mukushanda kweiyo vhidhiyo yekuongorora system, ronga kugadzirisa kumberi uye nekukasira kuona ma hard drive anoda kutsiviwa . Zvose zviri pamusoro zvinobatsira kuwedzera zvakanyanya kukanganisa kushivirira kwekuchengetedzwa kwezvivakwa uye kuderedza mukana wekurasikirwa nedata yakakosha.
Western Digital yakagadzira mutsara weakavimbika WD Purple memori makadhi chaiwo kune emazuva ano edhijitari kamera. Yakawedzerwa yekunyorazve sosi uye kuramba kune yakaipa pesvedzero yezvakatipoteredza inobvumira aya makadhi kuti ashandiswe kune ese emukati nekunze eCCTV kamera, pamwe nekushandiswa sechikamu cheanozvimiririra ekuchengetedza masisitimu umo microSD makadhi anoita basa reiyo huru yekuchengetera data.
Parizvino, iyo WD Purple memori kadhi yakatevedzana inosanganisira miviri yechigadzirwa mitsara: WD Purple QD102 uye WD Purple SC QD312 Yakanyanya Kutsungirira. Yekutanga yaisanganisira ina magadzirirwo eflash drives kubva pa32 kusvika ku256 GB. Kuenzaniswa nemhinduro dzevatengi, WD Purple yakanyatso kuchinjirwa kune yemazuva ano dhijitari vhidhiyo yekutarisa masisitimu kuburikidza nekuunzwa kwehuwandu hwekuvandudza kwakakosha:
- hunyoro hwekudzivirira (chigadzirwa chinogona kumira kunyudzwa kusvika pakadzika kwemamita 1 mumvura yakachena kana yemunyu) uye yakawedzera tembiricha yekushanda (kubva -25 Β°C kusvika +85 Β°C) inobvumira WD Purple makadhi kuti ashandiswe zvakaenzana pakushongedza ese ari maviri. zvemukati uye zvekunze zvishandiso vhidhiyo kurekodha zvisinei nemamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze;
- kuchengetedzwa kubva kune static magineti minda ine induction inosvika 5000 Gauss uye kuramba kune yakasimba vibration uye kuvhunduka kusvika ku500 g inobvisa zvachose mukana wekurasikirwa nedata yakakosha kunyangwe vhidhiyo kamera yakuvadzwa;
- chigadziro chakavimbiswa che1000 programming / erasing cycles inokubvumira kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwebasa remakadhi ememori kakawanda pamusoro, kunyange mukutenderera-the-clock mode yekurekodha uye, nokudaro, kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yepamusoro yekuchengetedza hurongwa hwekuchengetedza;
- basa rekutarisa kure rinobatsira kukurumidza kutarisa mamiriro emakadhi ega ega uye kunyatsoronga basa rekugadzirisa, izvo zvinoreva kuwedzera kuwedzera kuvimbika kwekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza;
- Kutevedzera UHS Speed ββββKirasi 3 uye Vhidhiyo Yekumhanya Kirasi 30 (yemakadhi 128 GB kana kupfuura) inoita makadhi eWD Purple akakodzera kushandiswa mumakamera ane tsananguro yepamusoro, kusanganisira panoramic modhi.
Iyo WD Purple SC QD312 Extreme Endurance line inosanganisira matatu mamodheru: 64, 128 uye 256 gigabytes. Kusiyana neWD Purple QD102, aya makadhi ekurangarira anogona kumirisana nemutoro wakakura zvakanyanya: hupenyu hwavo hwekushanda 3000 P/E matenderedzwa, izvo zvinoita kuti aya madhiraivha ave mhinduro yakanakira kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa zvakanyanya uko kurekodha kunoitwa 24/7.
Source: www.habr.com