Isu takajaira kwenguva yakareba kuti makambani makuru eIT haangobatanidzi mukuburitswa kwezvigadzirwa uye kupihwa kwesevhisi, asi zvakare anoshingairira kutora chikamu mukuvandudzwa kweInternet. Google's DNS, Amazon's Cloud kuchengetedza uye kubata, Facebook's data centers kutenderera pasirese - makore gumi nemashanu apfuura zvaiita sezvishuwo zvakanyanya, asi ikozvino ndizvo zvakajairika izvo munhu wese ajaira.
Uye ikozvino, makambani mana makuru eIT anomiririrwa neAmazon, Google, Microsoft neFacebook asvika padanho rekuti vakatanga kuisa mari kwete chete munzvimbo dzedata uye maseva zvakananga, asiwo mumatambo emusana ivo pachavo - ndiko kuti, vakapinda munharaunda. iyo yagara iri iyo nzvimbo yebasa rezvimiro zvakasiyana zvachose. Uyezve, maererano nezvakawanikwa , iyo yakataurwa quartet yehofori yetekinoroji yakazununguka kwete pamanetiweki epasi chete, asi pamitsetse mikuru yetranscontinental yekukurukurirana, i.e. patiri tose pane tambo dzepasi pemvura dzinozivikanwa.
Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti hapana kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kwema network matsva, asi makambani ari kushingaira kuwedzera bandwidth "muchengetedzo". Nehurombo, hazvigoneke kuwana nhamba dzakajeka pakugadzirwa kwetraffic yepasirese nekuda kwevashambadziri vazhinji vanoshanda nehukuru se "65 miriyoni zvinyorwa pa Instagram zuva nezuva" kana "N kutsvaga mibvunzo paGoogle" pachinzvimbo chepetabytes dziri pachena uye dzinonzwisisika kune nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi. Tinogona kungwarira kufunga kuti zuva nezuva traffic ndeye ≈2,5*10^18 bytes, kana nezve 2500 petabytes yedata.
Chimwe chezvikonzero nei mambure emusana anofanirwa kuwedzera kukura kukurumbira kweNetflix yekufambisa sevhisi uye kukura kwakafanana kwechikamu chenhare. Nemaitiro akajairwa akananga kuwedzera kwechikamu chinooneka chemukati mevhidhiyo maererano nekugadziriswa uye bitrate, pamwe nekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafoni traffic nemunhu wega mushandisi (pakatarisana nekumashure kwekudzikira kwakawanda mukutengesa kwenharembozha dzakatenderedza. the world), backbone network haisati yakwanisa kunzi yakawandisa.
Ngatiende ku :
Zvakaoma kuona kuti mangani matsva akavakwa, uye sevhisi pachayo inovandudzwa zuva nezuva pasina kupa nhoroondo yakajeka yekuchinja kana chero humwe huwandu hwakaunganidzwa. Naizvozvo, tinotendeukira kumanyuko ekare. Maererano nemashoko kare , huwandu hweiyo iripo intercontinental backbone network muna 2014 yaive ye58 Tbps, iyo chete 24 Tbps yakashandiswa chaizvo:
Kune avo vanotambanudza minwe yavo nehasha uye vanogadzirira kunyora: "Handizvitendi! Zvishoma! ”, tinoyeuka kuti tiri kutaura nezvazvo intercontinental traffic, ndiko kuti, ipriori yakaderera zvakanyanya kupfuura mukati meimwe dunhu, sezvo isu tisati tamisa quantum teleportation uye hatigone kuvanza kana kuvanza kubva ping ye300-400 ms.
Muna 2015, zvakafanotaurwa kuti huwandu hwe2016 mamwe makiromita ematambo emusana aizoradzikwa pasi pegungwa pakati pa2020 na400, zvichiwedzera simba retiweki yepasi rose.
Zvisinei, kana tikatendeukira kunhamba dzakaratidzwa pamepu iri pamusoro, kunyanya nezve 26 Tbps yemutoro ine yakazara chiteshi che58 Tbps, mibvunzo yemusikirwo inomuka: nei uye nei?
Chekutanga, hofori dzeIT dzakatanga kuisa ega mabhenekeri emusana kuitira kuti iwedzere kubatana kwezvinhu zvemukati mezvivakwa zvemakambani mumakondinendi akasiyana. Izvo chaizvo nekuda kweiyo yakambotaurwa ping yeinoda kusvika hafu yechipiri pakati pemapoinzi maviri akapokana pasirese kuti makambani eIT anofanirwa kukunda mukuona kugadzikana kwe "purazi" ravo. Iyi mibvunzo yakanyanya kuoma kuGoogle neAmazon; vekutanga vakatanga kuisa yavo network kumashure muna 2014, pavakasarudza "kukanda" tambo pakati pemahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweUnited States neJapan kuti vabatanidze nzvimbo dzavo dzedata, nezve . Kungobatanidza nzvimbo mbiri dzakaparadzana dzedata, hofori yekutsvaga yaida kushandisa madhora mazana matatu emamiriyoni uye kutambanudza anenge 300 makiromita etambo pazasi pePacific Ocean.
Kana mumwe munhu aisaziva kana kukanganwa, ipapo kuisa tambo yepasi pemvura ishuviro yekuwedzera kuomarara, kubva pakunyudzwa kwezvivakwa zvakasimbiswa kusvika hafu yemamita muhupamhi munzvimbo dzemahombekombe uye kupera nekusingaperi kutsvagurudza nzvimbo yekuisa chikamu chikuru chemugwagwa mukuru. kudzika kwemakiromita akati wandei. Kana zvasvika kuPacific Ocean, kuoma kunongowedzera mukuenzana nekudzika uye nenhamba yemakomo ari pasi pegungwa. Zviitiko zvakadaro zvinoda midziyo yakasarudzika, timu yakanyatsodzidziswa yenyanzvi uye, chokwadi, makore akati wandei ekushanda nesimba, kana tikafunga kuisa kubva padanho rekugadzira uye rekuongorora, kusvika, iko iko, yekupedzisira kutumwa kwechikamu chetiweki. Uyezve, pano iwe unogona kuwedzera kurongeka kwebasa uye kuvakwa kwezviteshi zverelay pamhenderekedzo nehurumende dzenharaunda, kushanda nevanochengetedza zvakatipoteredza vanocherechedza kuchengetedzwa kwegungwa rinogarwa zvikuru (<200 m deep) zvichingodaro.
Zvinogoneka kuti ngarava nyowani dzakaiswa mukushanda mumakore achangopfuura, asi makore mashanu apfuura, iyo huru tambo layer dzeHuawei imwechete (hongu, kambani yeChinese ndeimwe yevatungamiriri mumusika uyu), pakanga paine mutsara wakasimba we mwedzi yakawanda iri kuuya. Kupesana nemashure ezvese ruzivo urwu, basa rehofori dzetekinoroji muchikamu ichi chinotaridzika zvakanyanya uye chinonakidza.
Nzvimbo yepamutemo yemakambani makuru eIT ndeyekuona kubatana (kuzvimiririra kubva kune akajairwa network) yenzvimbo dzavo dzedata. Uye hezvino izvo mamepu epasi pemvura evatambi vemusika vakasiyana anotaridzika zvinoenderana nedata :
Sezvauri kuona pamepu, izvo zvinonyanya kufadza zvishuwo hazvisi neGoogle kana Amazon, asi neFacebook, iyo yakamira kwenguva refu kungova "social network". Kune zvakare kufarira kwakajeka kwevatambi vakuru vese mudunhu reAsia-Pacific, uye Microsoft chete ndiyo ichiri kusvika kuNyika Yekare. Kana ukangoverenga migwagwa mikuru yakanyorwa, unogona kuona kuti aya makambani mana chete ndivo varidzi vepamwe chete kana varidzi vakazara vemitsetse makumi maviri neshanu yetrunk mitsara yakatovakwa kana yakazorongerwa kuiswa, mazhinji ayo anotambanudzira akananga kuJapan, China uye ese eSoutheast Asia. Panguva imwecheteyo, isu tinopa chete nhamba pane dzakambotaurwa ina hofori dzeIT, uye nekuwedzera kwavari, Alcatel, NEC, Huawei uye Subcom varikushingairira kuvaka yavo network.
Pakazere, huwandu hwenzira dzepachivande kana dzepachivande dzetranscontinental dzakakura zvakanyanya kubva 2014, Google payakazivisa kubatana kwakambotaurwa kwenzvimbo yayo yedata reUS kunzvimbo yayo yedata yeJapan:
Muchokwadi, kukurudzira "tinoda kubatanidza nzvimbo dzedu dzedata" hakuna kukwana: makambani haatomboda kubatanidza nekuda kwekubatanidza. Asi, ivo vanoda kutsaura iyo inofambiswa ruzivo uye kuchengetedza yavo yemukati masisitimu.
Kana, zvisinei, iwe ukatora tinfoil ngowani kubva mudhirowa, woitwasanudza uye woidhonza zvakasimba, ipapo iwe unogona kuumba yakanyanya, yakangwarira fungidziro yeiyi chirongwa chinotevera: ikozvino tiri kupupurira kubuda kwekuumbwa kutsva kweInternet, kutaura zvazviri, iyo global corporate network. Kana iwe uchirangarira iyo Amazon, Google, Facebook uye Microsoft account yeinokwana hafu yepasi rose traffic traffic (Amazon hosting, Google kutsvaga nemasevhisi, Facebook ne Instagram social network uye Windows desktops kubva kuMicrosoft), saka unofanirwa kuwana yechipiri ngowani. . Nekuti mune dzidziso, mune isina kujeka dzidziso, kana mapurojekiti akaita seGoogle Fiber (iyi ndiyo iyo Google yakaedza pachayo semupi wehuwandu) inoonekwa mumatunhu, saka ikozvino tiri kupupurira kubuda kwechipiri Internet, iyo. kusvika zvino iripo neyakatovakwa. Izvi zvakaita sei dystopian uye delusional - zvisarudzire iwe.
Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. , Munogamuchirwa.
Iwe unofunga kuti izvi zvakafanana nekuvaka "parallel internet" kana isu tinongofungira?
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Hongu, zvinoita.
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Kwete, ivo vanongoda kugadzikana kwakagadzikana pakati pe data data uye hapana kutyisidzira pano.
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Iwe zvechokwadi unoda hati shoma yakasimba tinfoil, iyi yakaoma pauropi.
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Sarudzo yako mumhinduro.
25 vashandisi vakavhota. 4 vashandisi vakaramba.
Source: www.habr.com