🥇 Vhidhiyo hurukuro: unix nzira

Quarantine inguva yakanaka yekudzidza chimwe chinhu. Zvisinei, sezvaunonzwisisa, kuti mumwe munhu adzidze chimwe chinhu, mumwe munhu anofanira kudzidzisa. Kana iwe uine mharidzo yaunoda kupa kune vateereri vemamirioni uye uwane mukurumbira wepasirese, saka chinyorwa ichi ndechako. Pano iwe unowana nhanho-ne-nhanho mirairo yekuti ungaita sei vhidhiyo kubva pane yako mharidzo.

Isu tinorasa nzira yekurekodha "odhiyo makomendi" muPowerPoint uye kutumira iyo mharidzo kuvhidhiyo sezvisina basa uye tisingape chegumi chezvakawanda zvinodikanwa pavhidhiyo inotonhorera.

Kutanga, ngationei kuti ndeapi mafuremu atinoda:

Iwo chaiwo masiraidhi ane voiceover
Kuchinja masiraidhi
Makotesheni kubva kumafirimu akakurumbira
Mafuremu akati wandei ane chiso chemudzidzisi uye katsi yake yaanofarira (sarudzo)

Kugadzira dhairekitori chimiro

.
├── clipart
├── clips
├── rec
├── slide
└── sound

Chinangwa chedhairekitori mukurongeka kwekunyorwa: mafirimu kubva kwatinodhonza makotesheni (clipart), zvidimbu zveamangwana vhidhiyo yedu (maclips), mavhidhiyo kubva kamera (rec), masiraidhi muchimiro chemifananidzo (slide), ruzha. (sound).

Kuita mharidzo mumifananidzo

Kune chaiye ane maziso matsvuku Linux mushandisi, kuita mharidzo muchimiro chemifananidzo hakupi matambudziko. Rega ndikuyeuchidze kuti gwaro riri mune pdf fomati rinogona kukamurwa kuita mifananidzo uchishandisa rairo

pdftocairo -png -r 128 ../lecture.pdf

Kana pasina murairo wakadaro, isa pasuru pachako poppler-zvishandiso (mirayiridzo yeUbuntu; kana uine Arch, saka iwe unonyatsoziva zvekuita pasina ini).

Pano uye mberi, ndinotenda kuti vhidhiyo yakagadzirirwa muHD Ready format, i.e. 1280x720. Mharidzo ine saizi yakachinjika yemainches gumi inopa saizi iyi kana yaburitswa (ona iyo -r 10 sarudzo).

Kugadzirira chinyorwa

Kana uchida kugadzira zvinhu zvikuru, kutaura kwako kunoda kutanga kunyorwa. Ndakafungawo kuti ndaigona kutaura rugwaro ndisina kugadzirira, zvikurukuru sezvo ndaiva noruzivo rwokuzviwanira mukudzidzisa. Asi chinhu chimwe kuita live, uye chimwe chinhu kurekodha vhidhiyo. Usave neusimbe - nguva yakashandiswa kutaipa ichabhadhara kakawanda.

Heino maitiro angu ekurekodha. Nhamba iri mumusoro yakaenzana nenhamba yemasiraidhi, zvinovhiringa zvinoratidzwa mutsvuku. Chero mupepeti akakodzera kugadzirira, asi zviri nani kutora yakazara-yakazara izwi processor - semuenzaniso, OnlyOffice.

Inzwi pamusoro pemasiraidhi

Chii chandingataure - vhura maikorofoni uye nyora :)

Chiitiko chinoratidza kuti mhando yekurekodha kunyangwe kubva yakachipa yekunze maikorofoni iri nani zvisingaenzaniswi pane kubva kune yakavakirwa maikorofoni yelaptop. Kana iwe uchida zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, ndinozvikurudzira chinyorwa ichi.

Zvekurekodha ndaishandisa audio-rekodhi - iri nyore kwazvo application yekurekodha ruzha. Unogona kuitora, semuenzaniso, pano:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:audio-recorder/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install audio-recorder

Chinhu chikuru padanho iri kutumidza mafaira nemazvo. Zita racho rinofanira kuva nenhamba yemasiraidhi uye nhamba yechidimbu. Zvimedu zvakaverengerwa nenhamba dzisinganzwisisiki - 1, 3, 5, nezvimwewo. Saka, kune slide, iyo inoratidzwa mumufananidzo, mafaira maviri achagadzirwa: 002-1.mp3 и 002-3.mp3.

Kana iwe wakarekodha mavhidhiyo ese kamwechete muimba yakanyarara, haufanirwe kuita chimwe chinhu zvakare navo. Kana iwe wakarekodha mumatanho akati wandei, zviri nani kuenzana chiyero chevhoriyamu:

mp3gain -r *.mp3

Utilities mp3kuwana Nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero haisi mune yakajairwa repositories, asi iwe unogona kuiwana pano:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:flexiondotorg/audio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mp3gain

Mushure mezvose izvi, iwe unofanirwa kurekodha imwe faira nekunyarara. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere rwiyo rwekurira kumavhidhiyo akanyarara: kana imwe vhidhiyo ine ruzha uye imwe yacho isina, zvino zvakaoma kunamatira aya mavhidhiyo pamwechete. Kunyarara kunogona kurekodhwa kubva kumakrofoni, asi zviri nani kugadzira faira mupepeti Audacity. Iyo kureba kwefaira kunofanirwa kunge kuri kwesekondi (zvimwe zvinogoneka), uye inofanirwa kupihwa zita kunyarara.mp3

Kugadzirira mavhidhiyo ekuvhiringidza

Pano zvinhu zvose zvinogumira chete nemafungiro ako. Unogona kushandisa mupepeti kugadzirisa mavhidhiyo Avidemux. Pane imwe nguva yakanga iri muzvinyorwa zvekare, asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero yakatemwa. Izvi hazvitimise:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/avidemux
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install avidemux2.7-qt5

Kune akawanda mirairo yekushanda nemupepeti uyu paInternet, uye musimboti, zvese zviripo zvine musoro. Zvakakosha kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akawanda.

Chekutanga, gadziriso yevhidhiyo inofanirwa kuenderana neyakatariswa vhidhiyo kugadzirisa. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kushandisa mafirita maviri mu "video yekubuda": swsResize kushandura sarudzo uye "kuwedzera minda" kushandura Soviet "narrow format" firimu kuita yakakura fomati. Mamwe ese mafirita ndeekusarudza. Semuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu asinganzwisisi kuti nei chirevo chaVaSharikov chiri muchidimbu chiri kukurukurwa, uchishandisa "add logo" sefa, unogona kuvhara logo yePostgreSQL pamusoro pe "Dog Heart".

Chechipiri, zvimedu zvese zvinofanirwa kushandisa chiyero chakafanana. Ini ndinoshandisa 25 mafuremu pasekondi nekuti kamera yangu nemafirimu ekare eSoviet anondipa izvo zvakawanda. Kana iyo bhaisikopo rauri kucheka kubva rakapfurwa nekumhanya kwakasiyana, shandisa Resample Vhidhiyo sefa.

Chechitatu, zvidimbu zvese zvinofanirwa kumanikidzwa nekodeki imwechete uye kuputirwa mumidziyo yakafanana. Naizvozvo mu Avidemux yefomati, sarudza vhidhiyo - "MPEG4 AVC (x264)", audio -"AAC (FAAC)", kubuda kwemaitiro -"MP4 Muxer".

Chechina, zvakakosha kutumidza mavhidhiyo akachekwa nemazvo. Zita refaira rinofanira kuva nenhamba yemasiraidhi uye nhamba yechidimbu. Zvimedu zvakaverengerwa nenhamba dzakaenzana, kutanga kubva ku 2. Saka, kune furemu iri kukurukurwa, vhidhiyo ine kukanganisa inofanira kunzi. 002-2.mp4

Mushure mekunge mavhidhiyo agadzirira, unofanirwa kuvaendesa kune dhairekitori nezvimedu. Settings avidemux akasiyana nemaseting ffmpeg nekusarudzika nezvisinganzwisisike paramita tbr, tbn, tbc. Izvo hazvikanganisi kutamba, asi hazvitenderi kuti mavhidhiyo anamirwe pamwechete. Saka ngatitorei zvakare:

for f in ???-?.mp4;
do
  ffmpeg -hide_banner -y -i "${f}" -c copy -r 25 -video_track_timescale 12800 ../clips/$f
done

Kupfura screensavers

Pano, zvakare, zvese zviri nyore: iwe unopfura uchipesana nemashure echimwe chirongwa chehungwaru, isa mavhidhiyo anobuda mukatalogi. rec, uye kubva ipapo endesa kune dhairekitori nezvimedu. Mitemo yekupa mazita yakafanana neyekukanganisa makotesheni, iyo recoding command ndeyotevera:

ffmpeg -y -i source_file -r 25 -vcodec libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -ac 2 ../clips/xxx-x.mp4

Kana ukaronga kutanga vhidhiyo nekutaura kwako, doma chidimbu ichi 000-1.mp4

Kugadzira mafuremu kubva kune static mifananidzo

Yave nguva yekugadzirisa mavhidhiyo kubva kumifananidzo yakamira uye ruzha. Izvi zvinoitwa ne script inotevera:

#!/bin/bash

for sound in sound/*.mp3
do
  soundfile=${sound##*/}
  chunk=${soundfile%%.mp3}
  clip=${chunk}.mp4
  pic=slide/${chunk%%-?}.png

  duration=$(soxi -D ${sound} 2>/dev/null)
  echo ${sound} ${pic} ${clip} " - " ${duration}

  ffmpeg -hide_banner -y -loop 1 -i ${pic} -i ${sound} -r 25 -vcodec libx264 -tune stillimage -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -t ${duration} clips/${clip}
done

Ndokumbira utarise kuti nguva yefaira reodhiyo inotanga kutariswa nekushandisa soxi, uye ipapo vhidhiyo yehurefu hunodiwa inogadziriswa. Kurudziro dzese dzandakawana dzakareruka: pachinzvimbo chemureza -t ${duration} mureza unoshandiswa -pfupi... Chaizvoizvo ffmpeg inosarudza kureba kwe mp3 zvakanyanya, uye panguva yekugadzirisa, kureba kweiyo track track inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya (nesekondi imwe kana maviri) kubva pakureba kwevhidhiyo track. Izvi hazvina basa kana vhidhiyo yese iine furemu imwe chete, asi kana iwe ukanamatira vhidhiyo yakadai nekuvhiringika pamuganho, zvisingafadzi zvinogumburisa zvinoitika.

Imwe nzira yekuona nguva ye mp3 faira ndeye kushandisa mp3info. Anoita zvikanganiso zvakare, uye dzimwe nguva ffmpeg inopa kupfuura mp3info, dzimwe nguva ndiyo imwe nzira yakapoteredza, dzimwe nguva ivo vose vanonyepa - handina kuona chero maitiro. Uye pano soxi inoshanda nemazvo.

Kuisa iyi inobatsira yekushandisa, ita izvi:

sudo apt-get install sox libsox-fmt-mp3

Kuita shanduko pakati pemasiraidhi

Shanduko vhidhiyo pfupi umo siraidhi imwe inoshanduka kuita imwe. Kuita mavhidhiyo akadaro, tinotora masiraidhi ari maviri maviri uye tichishandisa imagemagick shandura imwe kuita imwe:

#!/bin/bash

BUFFER=$(mktemp -d)

for pic in slide/*.png
do
  if [[ ${prevpic} != "" ]]
  then
    clip=${pic##*/}
    clip=${clip/.png/-0.mp4}
    #
    # генерируем картинки
    #
    ./fade.pl ${prevpic} ${BUFFER} 1280 720 5 direct 0
    ./fade.pl ${pic} ${BUFFER} 1280 720 5 reverse 12
    #
    # закончили генерировать картинки
    #
    ffmpeg -y -hide_banner -i "${BUFFER}/%03d.png" -i sound/silence.mp3 -r 25 -y -acodec aac -vcodec libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -shortest clips/${clip}
    rm -f ${BUFFER}/*
  fi
  prevpic=${pic}
done

rmdir ${BUFFER}

Nechimwe chikonzero ndaida kuti slide iparadzirwe nemadots, uye ipapo slide inotevera yaizounganidzwa kubva pamadots, uye nekuda kweizvi ndakanyora script inonzi. fade.pl Kuva ne imagemagick, mushandisi chaiye weLinux achagadzira chero yakakosha maitiro, asi kana mumwe munhu achida zano rangu nekuparadzira, heino script:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use locale;
use utf8;
use open qw(:std :utf8);
use Encode qw(decode);
use I18N::Langinfo qw(langinfo CODESET);

my $codeset = langinfo(CODESET);
@ARGV = map { decode $codeset, $_ } @ARGV;

my ($source, $target, $width, $height, $pixsize, $rev, $file_no) = @ARGV;

my @rects;
$rects[$_] = "0123456789AB" for 0..$width*$height/$pixsize/$pixsize/12 - 1;

for my $i (0..11) {
  substr($_,int(rand(12-$i)),1) = "" for (@rects);
  my $s = $source;
  $s =~ s#^.*/##;
  open(PICTURE,"| convert - -transparent white PNG:- | convert "$source" - -composite "$target/".substr("00".($file_no+$i),-3).".png"");
  printf PICTURE ("P3n%d %dn255n",$width,$height);
  for my $row (1..$height/$pixsize/3) {
    for my $j (0..2) {
      my $l = "";
      for my $col (1..$width/$pixsize/4) {
        for my $k (0..3) {
          $l .= (index($rects[($row-1)*$width/$pixsize/4+$col-1],sprintf("%1X",$j*4+$k))==-1 xor $rev eq "reverse") ? "0 0 0n" : "255 255 255n" for (1..$pixsize);
        }
      }
      print PICTURE ($l) for (1..$pixsize);
    }
  }
  close(PICTURE);
}

Isu tinoisa vhidhiyo yapera

Iye zvino tine zvimedu zvose. Enda kukhathalogi clip uye unganidza firimu rakapedzwa uchishandisa mirairo miviri:

ls -1 ???-?.mp4 | gawk -e '{print "file " $0}' >list.txt
ffmpeg -y -hide_banner -f concat -i list.txt -c copy MOVIE.mp4

Nakidzwa nekuona kune vadzidzi vako vanoonga!

Source: www.habr.com

Vhidhiyo hurukuro: unix nzira