Muzvinyorwa zvakapfuura, takatotarisa kuti chii chinonzi IdM, kuti unganzwisisa sei kana sangano rako richida hurongwa hwakadai, matambudziko api anogadzirisa, uye nzira yekupembedza bhajeti rekuita kune manejimendi. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro pematanho akakosha ayo sangano pacharo rinofanira kupfuura nemaari kuitira kuti risvike padanho rekukura risati raita chirongwa cheIDM. Mushure mezvose, IdM yakagadzirirwa kuita otomatiki maitiro, asi hazvigoneke kuita mhirizhonga.
Kusvikira kambani yakura kusvika pakukura kwebhizinesi hombe uye yaunganidza akawanda akasiyana masisitimu ebhizinesi, kazhinji haifungi nezve kutonga kwekuwana. Nokudaro, maitiro ekuwana kodzero uye masimba ekutonga mairi haana kurongeka uye akaoma kuongorora. Vashandi vanozadza zvikumbiro zvekuwana sezvavanoda; nzira yekubvumidza hainawo kurongeka, uye dzimwe nguva haipo. Izvo hazvigoneke kukurumidza kuona kuti ndeupi mukana wemushandi ane, uyo akazvibvumira uye nechikonzero chipi.
Tichifunga kuti maitiro ekuwana otomatiki anokanganisa zvinhu zviviri zvikuru - data revashandi uye data kubva kumasisitimu eruzivo ayo kubatanidzwa kunofanirwa kuitwa, isu tichafunga nezve matanho anodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kuitwa kweIdM kunofamba zvakanaka uye hakukonzeri kurambwa:
- Ongororo yemaitiro evashandi uye optimization yevashandi dhatabhesi rutsigiro muvashandi masisitimu.
- Ongororo yedata remushandisi nekodzero, pamwe nekuvandudza nzira dzekutonga dzekupinda mumasisitimu anotangwa akarongwa kuti abatanidzwe neIDM.
- Zviitwa zvesangano uye kubatanidzwa kwevashandi mugadziriro yekugadzirira kuitwa kweIDM.
Data yevashandi
Panogona kunge paine imwe sosi yedata revashandi musangano, kana panogona kunge paine akati wandei. Semuyenzaniso, sangano rinogona kuva nedandemutande rakafara rebazi, uye bazi rimwe nerimwe rinogona kushandisa vashandi varo.
Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise kuti ndeipi data rekutanga nezvevashandi rakachengetwa muhurongwa hwevashandi rekodhi, zviitiko zvipi zvakanyorwa, uye kuongorora kukwana kwavo uye chimiro.
Zvinowanzoitika kuti hazvisi zvese zviitiko zvevashandi zvinocherechedzwa mune sosi yevashandi (uye kunyanya kazhinji zvinocherechedzwa zvisina kufanira uye kwete zvakakwana). Heino mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika:
- Mashizha, mapoka avo uye mazwi (nguva dzose kana kwenguva refu) haana kunyorwa;
- Basa renguva isina kunyorwa harina kunyorwa: somuenzaniso, paanenge ari pazororo renguva refu kuti atarisire mwana, mushandi anogona panguva imwe chete kushanda chikamu chenguva;
- mamiriro chaiwo emumiriri kana mushandi akatochinja (kugamuchira / kuendesa / kudzingwa), uye kurongeka nezvechiitiko ichi kunopihwa nekunonoka;
- mushandi anotamirwa kune chinzvimbo chitsva chenguva dzose kuburikidza nekudzingwa, nepo iyo yevashandi system isinganyore ruzivo rwekuti uku kudzingwa kwehunyanzvi.
Izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisisa kutarisisa kunaka kwedata, sezvo chero zvikanganiso uye zvisizvo zvakawanikwa kubva kune yakavimbika sosi, inova HR masisitimu, inogona kudhura mune ramangwana uye kukonzera matambudziko mazhinji pakuita IdM. Semuenzaniso, vashandi veH HR vanowanzopinda munzvimbo dzevashandi muhurongwa hwevashandi nenzira dzakasiyana: mabhii makuru uye madiki, mapfupiso, nhamba dzakasiyana dzenzvimbo, nezvimwe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, chinzvimbo chimwechete chinogona kurekodhwa muhurongwa hwevashandi mune zvinotevera zvakasiyana:
- Mukuru maneja
- maneja mukuru
- maneja mukuru
- Art. manejaβ¦
Kazhinji iwe unofanirwa kubata nekusiyana mukupereta kwezita rako:
- Shmeleva Natalya Gennadievna,
- Shmeleva Natalia Gennadievna...
Kuti uwedzere otomatiki, jumble yakadaro haigamuchirwe, kunyanya kana hunhu uhwu chiratidzo chakakosha chekuzivikanwa, kureva kuti, data nezve mushandi uye masimba ake mumasisitimu anofananidzwa nemazita akazara.
Mukuwedzera, hatifaniri kukanganwa pamusoro pekugona kuvapo kwemazita uye mazita akazara mukambani. Kana sangano riine chiuru chevashandi, panogona kunge paine mashoma machisi akadaro, asi kana paine zviuru makumi mashanu, zvino izvi zvinogona kuve chipingamupinyi chakakosha pakushanda kwakaringana kweIdM system.
Tichipfupikisa zvese zviri pamusoro, tinopedzisa: chimiro chekuisa data mudhatabhesi revashandi vesangano chinofanira kuenzaniswa. Maparamita ekupinda mazita, zvinzvimbo uye madhipatimendi anofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvakajeka. Sarudzo yakanakisa ndeye kana mushandi weHR asingaise data nemaoko, asi anoisarudza kubva kune yakafanogadzirwa dhairekitori yechimiro chedhipatimendi uye zvinzvimbo uchishandisa "sarudza" basa rinowanikwa mudhatabhesi revashandi.
Kuti udzivise zvimwe zvikanganiso mukuwiriranisa uye kusafanirwa kugadzirisa nemaoko kusawirirana mumishumo, nzira inonyanya kufarirwa yekuziva vashandi ndeyekuisa chitupa kune wese mushandi wesangano. Chiziviso chakadaro chinopihwa kune mumwe nemumwe mushandi mutsva uye chinozoonekwa zvese muhurongwa hwevashandi uye muhurongwa hweruzivo rwesangano sechinhu chinosungirwa account account. Hazvina mhosva kuti ine nhamba kana tsamba, chinhu chikuru ndechekuti yakasiyana kune umwe neumwe mushandi (somuenzaniso, vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa nhamba yevashandi vevashandi). Mune ramangwana, kuunzwa kwehunhu uhu kuchafambisa zvakanyanya kubatanidzwa kwedata revashandi mune sosi yevashandi nemaakaundi ake uye zviremera mumasisitimu eruzivo.
Saka, nhanho dzose uye maitiro ezvinyorwa zvevashandi zvinoda kuongororwa uye kuiswa muhurongwa. Zvinogoneka kuti mamwe maitiro achafanirwa kuchinjwa kana kugadziridzwa. Iri ibasa rinonetesa uye rinorwadza, asi rinodikanwa, zvikasadaro kushaikwa kwe data rakajeka uye rakarongeka pane zviitiko zvevashandi zvinotungamira mukukanganisa mukuita kwavo otomatiki. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, maitiro asina kurongwa haazobviri kuita otomatiki zvachose.
Target systems
Padanho rinotevera, isu tinofanirwa kuona kuti mangani masisitimu eruzivo atinoda kubatanidza muchimiro cheIDM, ndeapi data pamusoro pevashandisi uye kodzero dzavo dzakachengetwa mumasisitimu aya, uye magadzirirwo azvo.
Mumasangano mazhinji, pane fungidziro yekuti isu tichaisa IdM, gadzirisa zvinongedzo kune zvakanangwa masisitimu, uye nefungu remashiripiti wand zvese zvichashanda, pasina kumwe kuedza kwatiri. Izvo, maiwe, hazviitike. Mumakambani, iyo ruzivo masisitimu mamiriro ari kukura uye achiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Imwe neimwe sisitimu inogona kuve neimwe nzira yekupa kodzero yekuwana, ndiko kuti, akasiyana siyana ekudzora maficha anogona kugadzirwa. Pane imwe nzvimbo kutonga kunoitika kuburikidza neAPI (application programming interface), kumwe kuburikidza nedhatabhesi uchishandisa nzira dzakachengetwa, kumwe kunenge kusina kupindirana kwekupindirana zvachose. Iwe unofanirwa kuve wakagadzirira chokwadi chekuti iwe uchafanirwa kufunga zvakare akawanda aripo maitiro ekugadzirisa maakaunti uye kodzero mumasisitimu esangano: shandura iyo data fomati, gadzirisa kupindirana kwekudyidzana kumberi uye kugovera zviwanikwa zvebasa iri.
Role model
Iwe unogona kuzosangana nepfungwa yemuenzaniso padanho rekusarudza IdM mhinduro inopa, sezvo iyi iri imwe yeakakosha pfungwa mumunda wekuwana kodzero dzekuwana. Mumuenzaniso uyu, kuwana data kunopiwa kuburikidza nebasa. Basa seti yekuwana izvo zvisinganyanyi kukosha kune mushandi mune imwe nzvimbo kuti aite basa ravo rekuita.
Role-based access control ine akati wandei mabhenefiti asingarambike:
- zviri nyore uye zvinobudirira kupa kodzero dzakafanana kune nhamba huru yevashandi;
- kukurumidza kushandura kuwanikwa kwevashandi vane seti imwechete yekodzero;
- kubvisa kuwanda kwekodzero uye kuganhura masimba asingaenderane kune vashandisi.
Basa rematrix rinotanga kuvakwa zvakaparadzana mune yega yega masisitimu esangano, uye yozoyerwa kune yese IT landscape, uko Bhizinesi repasi rose mabasa anoumbwa kubva kumabasa ega ega sisitimu. Semuyenzaniso, iyo Bhizinesi basa "Akaunti" rinosanganisira akati wandei akasiyana mabasa kune yega yega masisitimu eruzivo anoshandiswa mudhipatimendi re accounting rebhizinesi.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, yave ichionekwa se "yakanakisa tsika" kugadzira muenzaniso wekuita kunyangwe padanho rekugadzira maapplication, dhatabhesi uye masisitimu anoshanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, pane kazhinji mamiriro ezvinhu apo mabasa asina kugadziridzwa muhurongwa kana kuti haapo. Muchiitiko ichi, maneja weiyi system anofanirwa kuisa ruzivo rweakaunti mumafaira akati wandei, maraibhurari uye madhairekitori anopa mvumo inodiwa. Iko kushandiswa kwemabasa akatemerwa kunotendera iwe kuti upe maropafadzo ekuita huwandu hwese hwekushanda musystem ine yakaoma composite data.
Mabasa muhurongwa hweruzivo, semutemo, anogovaniswa kune zvinzvimbo uye madhipatimendi zvinoenderana nechimiro chevashandi, asi anogona zvakare kugadzirwa kune mamwe mabhizinesi maitiro. Semuenzaniso, mune sangano rezvemari, vashandi vakati wandei vedhipatimendi rekugadzirisa vanotora chinzvimbo chimwechete - opareta. Asi mukati medhipatimendi kunewo kugoverwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, maererano nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushanda (kunze kana mukati, mumari yakasiyana, nezvikamu zvakasiyana zvesangano). Kuti upe imwe neimwe yenzvimbo dzebhizinesi redhipatimendi rimwechete kuwana kune iyo ruzivo sisitimu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, zvinodikanwa kusanganisa kodzero mumabasa ega ega. Izvi zvichaita kuti zvikwanisike kupa hushoma hwakakwana seti yemasimba, iyo isingabatanidzi kodzero dzakawandisa, kune imwe neimwe yenzvimbo dzebasa.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mahombe masisitimu ane mazana emabasa, zviuru zvevashandisi, uye mamirioni emvumo, itsika yakanaka kushandisa hierarchy yemabasa uye rombo renhaka. Semuenzaniso, basa remubereki Administrator achagara nhaka yeropafadzo dzebasa remwana: Mushandisi uye Muverengi, sezvo Mutungamiriri achigona kuita zvese zvinogona kuitwa nemushandisi uye muverengi, uyezve achave nekuwedzera kodzero dzekutonga. Uchishandisa hierarchy, hapana chikonzero chekutsanangura zvakare kodzero dzakafanana muzvikamu zvakawanda zvemodule imwechete kana system.
Padanho rekutanga, iwe unogona kugadzira mabasa mune iwo masisitimu umo iyo inogoneka nhamba yekubatanidzwa kwekodzero isiri yakakura kwazvo uye, semhedzisiro, zviri nyore kubata mashoma emabasa. Idzi dzinogona kunge dziri kodzero dzakajairwa dzinodiwa nevashandi vese vekambani kune veruzhinji masisitimu akadai seActive Directory (AD), masisitimu etsamba, Maneja weSevhisi nezvimwe zvakadaro. Zvadaro, iyo yakagadzirwa matrices emasisitimu eruzivo anogona kuverengerwa mune yakajairika yemuenzaniso, achivasanganisa muBusiness mabasa.
Uchishandisa nzira iyi, mune ramangwana, paunenge uchiita iyo IdM system, zvichave nyore kuita otomatiki maitiro ese ekupa kodzero dzekuwana zvichienderana neakagadzirwa ekutanga-danho.
NB Iwe haufanirwe kuedza kukurumidza kusanganisira akawanda masisitimu sezvinobvira mukubatanidzwa. Zviri nani kubatanidza masisitimu ane akanyanya kuomarara dhizaini uye yekuwana kodzero manejimendi chimiro kuIdM mune semi-otomatiki modhi padanho rekutanga. Ndiko kuti, shandisa, zvichibva pane zviitiko zvevashandi, chete chizvarwa otomatiki chekuwana chikumbiro, icho chinozotumirwa kune maneja kuti aurawe, uye iye achagadzirisa kodzero nemawoko.
Mushure mekubudirira kupedza nhanho yekutanga, unogona kuwedzera kushanda kweiyo system kune mitsva yakawedzera bhizinesi maitirwo, shandisa yakazara otomatiki uye kuyera nekubatanidza yekuwedzera ruzivo masisitimu.
Mune mamwe mazwi, kuti tigadzirire kuitwa kweIDM, zvinofanirwa kuongorora kugadzirira kwehurongwa hweruzivo rwechirongwa chitsva uye kupedzisa pachine nguva nzira dzekudyira dzekunze dzekutonga maakaundi evashandisi uye kodzero dzevashandisi, kana mainterface akadaro asina. inowanikwa muhurongwa. Nyaya yekusikwa-nhanho-nhanho yekugadzira mabasa muhurongwa hweruzivo rwekutonga kwekuwana kwakakwana kunofanirwa kuongororwa.
Zviitiko zvesangano
Usaderedzewo nyaya dzesangano. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanogona kuita basa rakasimba, nekuti mhedzisiro yeprojekiti yese inowanzoenderana nekudyidzana kunoshanda pakati pemadhipatimendi. Kuti tiite izvi, isu tinowanzo kuraira kuumba timu yevatori vechikamu musangano, iyo inosanganisira ese madhipatimendi anobatanidzwa. Sezvo ichi chiri mutoro wekuwedzera kune vanhu, edza kutsanangura pachine nguva kune vese vatori vechikamu mune ramangwana maitiro basa ravo uye kukosha kwavo muchimiro chekudyidzana. Kana iwe "uchitengesa" iyo IdM kune vaunoshanda navo panguva ino, unogona kudzivirira akawanda matambudziko mune ramangwana.
Kazhinji chengetedzo yeruzivo kana madhipatimendi eIT ndivo "varidzi" veIdM yekumisikidza purojekiti mukambani, uye maonero emadhipatimendi ebhizinesi haana kuverengerwa. Ichi chikanganiso chikuru, nekuti ivo chete ndivo vanoziva maitiro uye mune mabhizinesi maitiro anoshandiswa imwe neimwe sosi, ndiani anofanirwa kupihwa mukana uye ndiani asingafanire. Naizvozvo, padanho rekugadzirira, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti ndiye muridzi webhizinesi ane basa reiyo inoshanda modhi pahwaro hweiyo seti yekodzero dzevashandisi (mabasa) muhurongwa hweruzivo inogadzirwa, pamwe nekuona kuti mabasa aya anochengetwa achienderana. Muenzaniso haisi static matrix inovakwa kamwe chete uye unogona kudzikama pairi. Ichi "chipenyu" chinofanira kugara chichichinja, kugadzirisa uye kukura, kutevera kuchinja kwehutano hwesangano uye kushanda kwevashandi. Zvikasadaro, chero matambudziko achamuka ane chekuita nekunonoka kupa mukana, kana njodzi yekuchengetedza ruzivo ichamuka yakabatana nekodzero yekuwana yakawandisa, izvo zvakatonyanya kuipa.
Sezvaunoziva, "ma nannies manomwe ane mwana asina ziso," saka kambani inofanirwa kugadzira nzira inotsanangura mavakirwo emuenzanisi, kudyidzana uye mutoro wevatori vechikamu mukuita kuti zvirambe zviripo. Kana kambani iine nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuita bhizinesi uye, nekudaro, mazhinji madhipatimendi uye madhipatimendi, saka kune imwe neimwe nharaunda (semuenzaniso, kukweretesa, basa rekushanda, masevhisi ari kure, kutevedzera uye nevamwe) sechikamu chebasa-rinoenderana nekuwana manejimendi maitiro, iyo zvakakosha kugadza vakasiyana curators. Kuburikidza navo zvichave zvichikwanisika kukurumidza kugamuchira ruzivo nezve shanduko muchimiro chedhipatimendi uye kodzero dzekuwana dzinodiwa kune rimwe nerimwe basa.
Zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwehutungamiri hwesangano kugadzirisa kusawirirana pakati pemadhipatimendi ari kutora chikamu mukugadzirisa. Uye kukakavara kana kuunza chero maitiro matsva haadzivisike, tenda chiitiko chedu. Naizvozvo, tinoda mutongi gava anozogadzirisa kusawirirana kwechido, kuti tisatambise nguva nekuda kwekusanzwisisana kwemumwe munhu uye kuparadza.
NB Nzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga kusimudzira ruzivo ndeyekudzidzisa vashandi vako. Ongororo yakadzama yekushanda kwemaitiro emangwana uye basa remutori wechikamu wega wega mariri zvinoderedza matambudziko ekuchinja kune imwe mhinduro.
Tarisa uone
Kupfupisa, tinopfupikisa matanho makuru ayo sangano riri kuronga kushandisa IdM rinofanira kutora:
- kuunza kurongeka kune data yevashandi;
- isa yakasarudzika chitupa parameter kune yega yega mushandi;
- kuongorora kugadzirira kwehurongwa hweruzivo rwekushandiswa kweIDM;
- gadzira nzvimbo dzekudyirana neruzivo masisitimu ekutonga kwekuwana, kana isipo, uye kugovera zviwanikwa zvebasa iri;
- gadzira uye gadzira muenzaniso;
- kuvaka maitiro ekutungamira maitiro uye anosanganisira curators kubva kune yega bhizinesi nharaunda mairi;
- sarudza akati wandei masisitimu ekutanga kubatana kuIdM;
- gadzira timu inoshanda yeprojekiti;
- kuwana rubatsiro kubva kuvatungamiri vekambani;
- vashandi vezvitima.
Nzira yekugadzirira inogona kuva yakaoma, saka kana zvichibvira, sanganisira mazano.
Kuita mhinduro yeIdM inhanho yakaoma uye ine mutoro, uye pakuita kwayo kunobudirira, kuedza kwebato rega rega rega - vashandi vemadhipatimendi ebhizinesi, IT uye masevhisi ekuchengetedza ruzivo, uye kudyidzana kwechikwata chose pamwe chete kwakakosha. Asi kuedza kwacho kwakakosha: mushure mekushandisa IdM mukambani, huwandu hwezviitiko zvine chekuita nemasimba akawandisa uye kodzero dzisina kubvumidzwa mumasisitimu eruzivo zvinodzikira; kunonoka kwevashandi nekuda kwekushaya / kumirira kwenguva refu kodzero dzinodiwa inonyangarika; Nekuda kwe otomatiki, mutengo wevashandi unodzikiswa uye kugadzirwa kwevashandi kweIT uye masevhisi ekuchengetedza ruzivo anowedzerwa.
Source: www.habr.com