August 6, 1991 inogona kuonekwa sechipiri chekuzvarwa kweInternet. Pazuva iri, Tim Berners-Lee akatanga webhusaiti yekutanga pasi rose pawebhu sevha yekutanga, inowanikwa pa . Iyo sosi yakatsanangura pfungwa ye "World Wide Web" uye yaive nemirayiridzo yekuisa webhu server, uchishandisa browser, nezvimwe. Saiti iyi yaivewo yekutanga pasi rose dhairekitori reInternet nekuti Tim Berners-Lee akazotumira uye akachengeta runyoro rwemanongedzo kune mamwe masaiti ipapo. Kwakanga kuri kutanga kwakakosha kwakaita kuti Internet ive yatinoziva nhasi.
Isu hationi chikonzero chekusanwa uye kuyeuka zvimwe zviitiko zvekutanga munyika yeInternet. Ichokwadi, chinyorwa chacho chakanyorwa uye chakaongororwa nekutonhora: zvinotyisa kuziva kuti vamwe vashandi vaduku pane saiti yekutanga uye kunyange mutumwa wekutanga, uye iwe pachako unoyeuka hafu yakanaka yeiyi sechikamu chehupenyu hwako. Hei, inguva yekuti isu tikure?
Tim Berners-Lee uye ake webhusaiti yekutanga yenyika
Ngatitangei naHabr
Zvine musoro kufunga kuti yekutanga positi paHabrΓ© inofanirwa kunge iine ID = 1 uye inotaridzika seizvi: . Asi chinongedzo ichi chine chinyorwa chakaitwa naHabr muvambi Denis Kryuchkov nezve kusikwa kweWiki-FAQ yeHabrahabr (unorangarira kuti zita raHabr raimbove rakareba?), iro risingafanani neimwe nzira yekutanga yekugamuchira.
Izvi ndizvo zvaitaridzika Habr muna 2006
Zvinoitika kuti bhuku iri rainge risiri rekutanga (Habr pachayo yakatangwa muna Chivabvu 26, 2006) - takakwanisa kuwana bhuku kubva ku... Ndira 16, 2006! . Panguva ino isu taitoda kufonera Sherlock Holmes kuti aburitse iyi tangle (zvakanaka, iyo iri palogo). Asi isu, zvichida, tichadana kune ane ruzivo hacker kuti abatsire. Unoda sei izvi? ?
Uye izvi ndizvo zvakaita mabloggi ekutanga emakambani paHabrΓ©.
Nenzira, iwe unogona kusiya makomendi mune ese mameseji, uye hapana akambonyora ipapo kubva 2020 (uye gore rino rakakodzera kupupura).
Kutanga social network
Yekutanga pasocial network munyika ndeye Odnoklassniki. Asi usakurumidza kudada nechinhu ichi kana kushamiswa nazvo: tiri kutaura nezveAmerican network Classmates, iyo yakaonekwa muna 1995 uye yaive chinhu chimwe chete chawaifunga mumutsara wekutanga wendima. Pakutanga, mushandisi anosarudza nyika, chikoro, gore rekupedza kudzidza uye, mushure mekunyoresa, anonyudzwa mumhepo yakakosha yesocial network. Nenzira, saiti yakagadziridzwa uye ichiripo nhasi - uyezve, ichiri kufarirwa zvakanyanya.
O, orenji iro!
Asi iyo dandemutande inorangarira zvese - izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaita chimiro chesaiti pakutanga kwekuvapo kwayo
MuRussia, yekutanga social network yakaonekwa muna 2001 - iyi E-Xecutive, yakakurumbira uye ichiri kushanda network yevashandi (nenzira, kune zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinobatsira uye nharaunda ikoko). Asi mukati mabhodhoro Odnoklassniki akaonekwa chete muna 2006.
Chekutanga web browser
Yekutanga browser yakaonekwa muna 1990. Munyori uye mugadziri webrowser aive mumwe chete Tim Berners-Lee, uyo akadana application yake ... World Wide Web. Asi zita racho rakanga rakareba, rakaoma kuyeuka uye risingakanganisi, saka bhurawuza rakakurumidza kupihwa zita uye rakazozivikanwa seNexus. Asi iyo yepasirese "yaidiwa" Internet Explorer kubva kuMicrosoft yanga isiri iyo yechitatu browser pasirese; Netscape, aka Mosaic uye akatangira yakakurumbira Netscape Navigator, Erwise, Midas, Samba, nezvimwewo, yakazvibatanidza pakati payo neNexus. Asi yaive IE yakava bhurawuza yekutanga mupfungwa yemazuva ano, Nexus yakaita mabasa akamanikana: yakabatsira kuona magwaro madiki nemafaira pakombuta iri kure (kunyangwe ichi chiri musimboti wemabhurawuza ese, nekuti, sekutaura kunoita Linkusoids, zvese. iri faira). Nenzira, yaive mubrowser iyi iyo webhusaiti yekutanga yakavhurwa.
Nexus interface
Uye zvakare musiki nekusika
Erwise ndiyo bhurawuza yekutanga pasi rose ine graphical interface uye kugona kutsvaga nemavara pane peji
Chekutanga online store
Kubuda kweInternet sehuwandu hwemakomputa akabatana haaigona kusiya bhizinesi asina hanya, nekuti yakavhura mikana mitsva yekuwana mari uye kupinda munharaunda isingaite yekutengeserana panguva iyoyo (tiri kutaura nezve1990 uye gare gare; izvo zvisati zvaitika, iyo Internet. , pane kudaro, yaive nzvimbo yakavanzika yepamusoro). Muna 1992, vendege ndivo vakatanga kupinda munharaunda yekutengesa online, vachitengesa matikiti online.
Chitoro chekutanga chepamhepo chakatengesa mabhuku, uye panguva ino unogona kunge watofungidzira kuti musiki wacho aive ani? Hongu, Jeff Bezos. Uye kana iwe uchifunga kuti VaBezos vaida mabhuku nechido uye vakarota kuita kuti nyika idzidze uye mukuda nekuverenga, saka iwe uri kukanganisa. Chechipiri chigadzirwa chaive matoyi. Ose mabhuku uye matoyi zvinhu zvakakurumbira, zviri nyore kuchengeta uye kuronga, uye izvo zvisina zuva rekupera uye hazvidi zvakanyanya kuchengetedzeka mamiriro ekuchengetedza. Izvo zvakare zviri nyore kurongedza mabhuku uye matoyi uye haufanirwe kunetseka nezve fragility, kukwana, nezvimwe. Zuva rekuzvarwa reAmazon ndiChikunguru 5, 1994.
Muchina wenguva unongorangarira Amazon kubva pakupera kwa1998. DVD, Motorola - makore angu gumi nemanomwe aripi?
MuRussia, chitoro chekutanga chendaneti chakavhurwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 30, 1996, uye chaivewo chitoro chemabhuku.ru (ndinovimba iwe unoziva kuti chiri chipenyu uye chiripo nhasi). Asi zvinoratidzika kwatiri kuti muRussia akanga ariwo mudiwa webhuku nokudana kwemweya wake, asi mabhuku munyika yedu chinhu chinotengeswa, zvichida, mukurumbira kusingaperi.
Books.ru muna 1998
Mutumwa wekutanga
Kuti ndidzivise kurwa, ndichaita chengetedzo mune zvakataurwa kuti hatisi kutaura nezve mameseji masisitimu ane mashoma kuwana, asi nezve idzo vatumwa vakavepo chaizvo munguva ye "pasi rose" Internet. Saka, nhoroondo yemutumwa inotanga muna 1996, apo kambani yeIsrael Mirabilis yakatanga ICQ. Yaive neyakawanda-mushandisi chats, rutsigiro rwekufambisa faira, kutsvaga nemushandisi, uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Imwe yezvinyorwa zvekutanga zveICQ. Isu takatora mufananidzo kubva kuna HabrΓ© uye nekukasira tinokurudzira
Kutanga IP telephony
IP telephony yakatanga muna 1993 - 1994. Charlie Kline akagadzira Maven, yekutanga PC chirongwa chaigona kufambisa izwi netiweki. Panguva imwecheteyo, chirongwa chemusangano wevhidhiyo CU-SeeMe, chakagadziridzwa paCornell University yeMacintosh PC, chakawana mukurumbira. Zvose izvi zvikumbiro zvakawana mukurumbira we cosmic - nerubatsiro rwavo, kubhururuka kwechadenga Endeavor kwakatepfenyurwa paNyika. Maven akapfuudza ruzha, uye CU-SeeMe yakatumira mufananidzo. Pashure penguva yakati, mapurogiramu akabatanidzwa.
CU-SeeMe interface. Kunobva: ludvigsen.hiof.no
Vhidhiyo yekutanga paYouTube
YouTube yakatangwa zviri pamutemo muna Kukadzi 14, 2005, uye vhidhiyo yekutanga yakaiswa muna Kubvumbi 23, 2005. Vhidhiyo nekuita kwake yakatumirwa pawebhusaiti nemumwe wevagadziri veYouTube, Javed Karim (akatorwa nefirimu shamwari yake yekuchikoro Yakov Lapitsky). Vhidhiyo iyi inotora masekonzi gumi nemasere uye inonzi "Ini pazoo." Akanga asati aziva kuti rudzii rwenzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka rwaizotanga pasevhisi iyi, o, akanga asingazivi.
Nenzira, iyi ndiyo chete vhidhiyo inopona kubva kune "test" iyo, yekutanga chaiyo. Ini handisi kuzotaurazve chiitiko, zvionere wega:
Kutanga meme
Yekutanga Internet meme yakabata mweya nehuropi hwemazana ezviuru zvevashandisi muna 1996. Yakatangwa nevaviri vanogadzira mifananidzo - Michael Girard naRobert Lurie. Vhidhiyo iyi yakaratidza mwana mudiki achitamba kune track Hooked on a Feeling nemuimbi Mark James. Vanyori vakatumira "vhidhiyo inonamira" kune mamwe makambani, uye yakabva yapararira email yehuwandu hukuru hwevashandisi. Ini pamwe hapana chandinoziva nezve memes, asi anotarisa zvishoma anotyisa.
Nenzira, iyi vhidhiyo yaitova kushambadzira - yairatidza hutsva hutsva hwe Autodesk chirongwa. Mafambiro e "mucheche Uga-chaga" akatanga kudzokororwa pasi rese (kunyangwe vanga vasati vaaisa paYouTube panguva iyoyo). Iyo meme yaive pachena kubudirira.
Uye iwe unoziva zvatinofunga. Isu isu, sevana nevechiri kuyaruka, takafungidzira here kuti ramangwana richatibatanidza mune imwe kambani RUVDS, kuburikidza nemaseva ayo anenge 0,05% yeRuNet inoenda. Uye isu tine mutoro kune yega yega yeiyi yakakura huwandu hweruzivo. Kwete, shamwari, iyi haisi fungidziro - huno hupenyu, hwakaiswa nemaoko ekutanga.
Chinyorwa chacho hachina zvese "zvekutanga zvigadzirwa" zveInternet. Tiudze, chii chawakatanga kunzwa nezvacho paInternet? Ngatiite zveshuwa, toita here?
Source: www.habr.com