Ingo swipe kadhi rako: mashandisiro anoita New York subway OS/2

Vintage tekinoroji yanga ichishanda muNew York's subway zvivakwa kwemakumi emakore-uye dzimwe nguva inobuda nenzira dzisingatarisirwe. Chinyorwa che OS/2 mafeni

New Yorker uye mushanyi anopinda mu42nd Street subway station, inozivikanwawo se Times Square. Zvinonzwika sekutanga kwejee. Chaizvoizvo kwete: mumwe wavo anofara kuti akasvika ikoko; Kune vamwe, mamiriro ezvinhu aya anotsamwisa zvikuru. Munhu anoziva nzira yokubudamo nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Mumwe wacho haataure Chirungu. New Yorker uye mushanyi vanhu vakasiyana, asi panguva ino ivo vamwe. Ose ari maviri akaiswa pasi pekusagadzikana kweMetropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) uye kusinganzwike-kwekuvimbika kweiyo yakabudirira zvine mwero sisitimu yekushandisa kubva kutanga kwa1990s.

Paavhareji yezuva rekushanda muna 2016, njanji yeNew York yakatakura vanhu 5,7 miriyoni [yekuenzanisa: metro yeMoscow ine 6,7 miriyoni/approx. transl.]. Iyi yaive avhareji yepamusoro-soro kubvira 1948. Kana iwe ukabvunza muvhareji weNew Yorker, vangangotaura, "Ndizvo?" Kusatenda kwacho kunonzwisisika, sezvo guta racho riine mamiriyoni 8 vagari venguva dzose, uye munguva dzepamusoro-soro kana mazororo nhamba yevanhu dzimwe nguva inowedzera kusvika kumamiriyoni 20. Sezviri pachena, vanhu vakawanda vanofarira kumisa tekisi.


New York subway turnstiles

Zvakaoma kubheja pane ramangwana, asi ndizvo zvanga zvichiitwa neMTA

MunaKurume paTedium akanyora nezve IBM's hombe bheji pamamicrokernel ekushandisa masisitimu, ayo aisanganisira mutsauko weinozivikanwa OS/2 system yekushandisa. Inotsanangura zvakadzama zvakarasikirwa nekambani nekuda kwekubheja uku. Nekudaro, chivimbo cheIBM mukubudirira kweiyo sisitimu yekushandisa yakamanikidza mamwe makambani kuita fungidziro dzakafanana.

Asi bheji huru yakaitwa neMTA, iyo Metropolitan Transit Authority, iyo yaida kutsvaga nzira yekubvisa ma tokens uye kupinda munguva iyo zvese zvaifanira kunge zviri digital. Izvi zvakaita kuti pave nekadhi rechitendero MetroCard. Chimedu chitete chepurasitiki yeyero chine mutsara mutema wakakurumbira chave chiri chikafu muNew Yorkers wallet kubva pakaburitswa muna 1993.

Nhoroondo yezvino nzira yekuwana nzira yeNew York subway inonakidza muruzivo rwezvivakwa zveveruzhinji uye mabatiro ainoita veruzhinji. Asi izvi zvisati zvaitika, zvichabatsira kunzwisisa kuti hurongwa huripo hwakavapo sei. Nekuti kana iwe ukavaka chimwe chinhu chakakosha senge New York subway, inozopedzisira yashanda sezvakarongwa.

Iwe unongo edza kamwe chete - uye chero kukanganisa kungangokonzera mabhiriyoni mumitengo yekugadzirisa uye kutsamwiswa kwemamiriyoni evanhu. Pakati pesarudzo dzakawanda, imwe yeakavimbika yakashanduka kuita imwe yezvikanganiso zvikuru zveBMM.

Mashanu akakosha MetroCards akatsaurirwa kuna David Bowie uye akabhadharwa neSpotify. Kwemavhiki akati wandei mukudonha kwa2018, kambani yakashandura Broadway-Lafayette Street/Bleecker Street chiteshi muWest Village kuita chivakwa chepop art mukukudza muimbi aigara pedyo. Pamusoro pekushandisa kumashure kweMetroCards kushambadzira (uye nei zvisiri), iyo MTA inogara ichipa akakosha edition makadhi anotsigirwa nemhando huru. Iyo Supreme kadhi sarudzo inodhura mari inopenga, asi dzimwe nguva MTA inosvetuka mabhureki uye inongoita chimwe chinhu chitonhorere.

Iyo IBM's operating system, iyo yakagadzira hype yakawanda asi isina kumbova chinhu chakakosha, yakawana imba uye yakashandira mamiriyoni.

В chinyorwa zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvakawanda zvakataurwa nezve OS / 2 nezve microkernels nezvimwe zvinhu, asi mune ino chinyorwa chokwadi chekuti OS iyi ichine vatsigiri vayo inonyanya kuenderana nemusoro wenyaya. Zvakanaka, tingadai tiri kupi pasina izvi?

Chikonzero icho MTA yakazofunga kushandisa OS/2, kudhijita mamwe maficha enzira yepasi pevhu, inoratidza hype yakatenderedza kuvhurwa kweOS mukutanga ma1990s. Zvisinei, nhaurirano nebudiriro zvakatanga makore akati kuti pamberi pezvi. Pasina kunyanya kushambadza, Microsoft neIBM vaive vachishanda pachizvarwa chinotevera cheanoshanda masisitimu. Kunyangwe iyo rondedzero yemazuva ano ndeyekuti Gates neMicrosoft vakagadzira IBM neMS-DOS, IBM yakanyatso funga zvakasiyana panguva iyoyo.

Panzvimbo yekuchema purofiti yakarasika, IBM yakaita seyaiziva kushomeka kweruzivo ndokutanga kugadzira chizvarwa chinotevera OS kubva pasi, kutanga neMicrosoft. Chiitiko ichi, sekufungidzira kwazvingaite, chakagumira IBM nenzira yakafanana nenyaya neMS-DOS. Zvisinei, kwenguva pfupi zvikuru mukupera kwema1980, vatungamiri veMTA vakanga vari pakati pekutsvaga nzira dzekubvisa zviratidzo zvepasi pevhu uye kuvatsiva nemakadhi ekubhadhara kare. Zvakanakira zvaive pachena - zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kukwidza mitengo uye kuunza mubhadharo wenzvimbo. Vafambi vaive nemukana wekusarudza pakati perwendo rumwe chete kana rwendo rwekudzoka, uye sarudzo isina muganho yakaonekwa kweimwe nguva yenguva.

Kusuma iyi shanduko yekuvandudza, MTA yakatendeukira kukambani ine mukurumbira, IBM. Zvaiva nemusoro panguva iyoyo.

OS/2 shanduro 2.1

OS/2 uye MTA chipangamazano Neal Waldhauer akati mune email, "Paive nemakore mashoma kwawaigona kuita basa rekubheja paOS/2."

Kuti unzwisise chikonzero, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa iyo nguva. Waldhauer anoenderera mberi achiti: “Iyi yaive budiriro kubva panguva pamberi peLinux neWindows. OS/2 yaiita senge bheji rakachengeteka remangwana. "

Kushaya sarudzo, iyo MTA yakasarudza yakanakisa. Uye yakashanda kwemakumi emakore akati wandei seimwe yeakakosha software zvikamu mune yakaomesesa system.

Inogona kupona, sezvinotaura Waldhauer: "Regai nditaure kuti chero bedzi MetroCard ichitsigirwa nehurongwa, OS / 2 icharamba ichishanda."

Iyo inonakidza poindi, sezvo iyo MTA iri mushishi yekubvisa iyo MetroCard ichifarira mafomu akasiyana ekubhadhara asingabatike. Shanduko iyi inofanirwa kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kubatsira MTA kuunganidza imwe mari.

Zvinonzwika kunakidza, asi zviri nyore kuona matambudziko kana iwe ukaongorora chinhu chinoshamisa cheyazvino MetroCard system.

MetroCard yangu, vhezheni yaChikumi yeGay Pride Month. Sezvineiwo, ichave inoshanda kwemwedzi mina kureba kupfuura yakajairwa MetroCard, inogona kungoshandiswa kwegore.

Iyo isinganzwisisike magineti strip uye kuti inobata sei hupenyu hwevanhu

Muchidimbu, shanduko kubva kumatokeni kuenda kuMetroCard yakatora makore uye yaive chero yakapfava. Tokeni dzakamira kushandiswa zviri pamutemo muna 2003. Panguva iyoyo, MetroCards yakanga yagamuchirwa pazviteshi zvose muguta—asi hapana aifarira.

Kupinda munzira yepasi pevhu kunowanzo kuve nyore, asi zvichemo nezvekadhi swiping zviri pese pese. Uye mazhinji ematambudziko airatidzika kuve ane chekuita nekupunzika kwekukurukurirana kweupenzi pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvehurongwa. Kunyange zvazvo OS/2 inoshandiswa kubatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zve subway system kune guru guru, zviyero zvezvikamu zvakabatanidzwa zvakanga zvisiri zvepamusoro. Iwo anotendeuka mune chero chiteshi cheNYC ane mukurumbira wekusagadzikana - asi vakakwanisa kushanda neiyo IBM system.

MaATM aishandiswawo kuvimba neOS/2

Kunyangwe kutadza kweOS/2 mumusika wevatengi, yaive yakavimbika zvakanyanya, ichiipa hupenyu hwakareba mumaindasitiri nemaindasitiri masisitimu - uye imwe muenzaniso kushandiswa yaive maATM. Waldhauer akati, "Tichitarisa maitiro ese ekushanda anoshandiswa muMTA, OS / 2 ndiyo inonyanya kuvimbika chikamu chegadziriro, kunze kweiyo mainframe." Ichiri kushandiswa pane NYC subway muna 2019. IBM yakaisiya kare, uye yakatobvumira imwe kambani kuchengetedza software yayo muna 2001. (Nhasi kambani inonzi Arca Noae inotengesa shanduro yakatsigirwa zviri pamutemo yeOS/2, ArcaOS, kunyange vazhinji vevashandisi vayo vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana neMTA).

OS/2 inobata chinzvimbo chekondakita muNYC subway. Zvinobatsira kubatanidza nhengo dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa nevanhu nenhengo dzisingashandisi. Waldhauer anoti, “Hapana maOS/2 maapplication evashandisi ekushanda nawo. OS/2 inonyanya kushandiswa sechiratidziro pakati peakaomesesa mainframe dhatabhesi uye ari nyore makomputa anoshandiswa zuva rega rega munzira dzepasi uye mabhazi. Asi kazhinji, makomputa eOS/2 anogoverwa muhurongwa hwese.

Isu tiri kutaura nezve sisitimu yekushandisa yakagadzirwa mukupera kwe80s, yakaburitswa mukutanga 90s, sechikamu chehukama hwakaoma pakati pema tech giants maviri. MTA yaifanira kufuratira nyaya iyi nekuti yakanga yatoita sarudzo uye kuchinja nzira kwaizoda mari yakawanda.

Iko kurongeka kweiyo backend uye izvo zvishandiso zvinosangana neNew Yorkers nevashanyi zvinogona kuseka zvisina kurongeka. Kana iwe uchida kuisa izvi mumaonero, ngatidzokere kuna Waldhauer: "Ndinonzwa manzwiro ekuti vagadziri vaida kuti MetroCard ishande nedatabase huru, uye zvimwe zvigadziriso zvemagetsi zvingazvibatanidza pamwechete."

New York City Subway tokens, nemusi wekushandiswa, kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi: 1953–1970; 1970–1980; 1979–1980; 1980–1986; 1986–1995; 1995–2003.

Ngatikurukurei zvino nezvemutsetse wemagineti. Mutsara mutema uri pazasi pechero MetroCard, zvisinei nechiratidzo, unofanirwa kungoshanda. Kuti inoshanda sei, nekuda kwezvikonzero zviri pachena, chakavanzika.

"Vanhu vanga vachibira MetroCard," akadaro Waldhauer. “Kana ukakwanisa kutarisa magineti encoding, mabhiti acho akakura zvekuti unogona kuzviona negirazi rinokudza. Iyo magnetic stripe coding yakavanzika zvekuti handisati ndamboiona. Zvinoshamisa zvichaitwa nevanhu kuti vafambe mahara."

Izvi zvine basa here nhasi? Hungu, chaizvoizvo, hazviiti. MTA yakaburitsa pachena kuti irikuda kuenda kumari isingabatike, sezvavakaita neOyster Card muLondon. Zvisinei, nzira iyi inewo matambudziko ayo. Vakatotora aimbova mukuru weLondon system, uye vakaisa chinangwa chekupedzisira chekubvisa MetroCard zvachose.

Ichangotangisa iyo OMNY system, iyo ichaburitswa mumakore mashoma anotevera

Mune ramangwana, vanhu vachakwanisa kupinda muNew York City subway nenzira imwe cheteyo yavanoita mutsetse wemaroller coasters kuDisneyland nhasi. Kuita uku kunoda kuti munhu atakure mudziyo wakabatana neinternet unozokutungamirira pakuchinja, ingave nharembozha kana smartwatch. Nechero rombo rakanaka, tichava nehurongwa hutsva neMetroCard. Asi hapana vimbiso dzeizvi.

Izvo zvinoshanda uye zvetekinoroji zvinodiwa zvakagadzira metro yeNew York zvinobata munhu wese muguta. New Yorkers vari kuchinja nzira itsva dzekubhadhara, uye avo vanogona kubhadhara vachazviita. Uye vamwe vose vachagara kumba.

Source: www.habr.com