Iyi nhevedzano yezvinyorwa yakatsaurirwa pakudzidza kwekuita basa rekuvaka muguta guru reSilicon Valley - San Francisco. San Francisco ndiyo tekinoroji "Moscow" yenyika yedu, ichishandisa muenzaniso wayo (nerubatsiro rwe data rakavhurika) kuona kufambiswa kweindasitiri yekuvaka mumaguta makuru nemaguta.
Kuvakwa kwemagirafu uye kuverenga kwakaitwa mukati (paKaggle.com papuratifomu).
Dhata pamusoro pezvibvumirano zvekuvaka zvinopfuura miriyoni (marekodhi mumaseti maviri) kubva kuSan Francisco Building department - inobvumira ongorora kwete chete basa rekuvaka muguta, asiwo funga zvakadzama azvino maitiro uye nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yekuvaka mumakore makumi mana apfuura, pakati pa1980 na2019.
Vhura data inoita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora zvinhu zvikuru zvakapesvedzera uye zvinozopesvedzera kusimukira kweindasitiri yekuvaka muguta, achivaparadzanisa kuva "kunze" (hupfumi uye matambudziko) uye "mukati" (simba rezororo uye mwaka-pagore kutenderera).
Zviri mukati
Vhura data uye kuongorora kwekutanga paramita.
Iyi haisi shanduro yechinyorwa. Ini ndinonyora paLinkedIn uye kuti ndisagadzire magiraidhi mumitauro yakati wandei, magiraidhi ese ari muChirungu.
Batanidza kune chikamu chechipiri:
Guta reSan Francisco Kuvaka Mvumo Data - Kubva Kuvhura Dhata Portal - . Iyo portal ine akati wandei dhata pamusoro wenyaya yekuvaka. Maviri akadai dhatasets anochengeta uye anovandudza data pane zvibvumirano zvakapihwa kuvaka kana kugadzirisa zvinhu muguta:
- (850 zviuru zvinyorwa)
- (280 zviuru zvinyorwa, data inotorwa uye inovandudzwa vhiki nevhiki)
Aya ma dataset ane ruzivo nezve zvakapihwa zvibvumirano zvekuvaka, zvine maitiro akasiyana echinhu chinopihwa mvumo. Nhamba yese yezvapinda (mvumo) yakagamuchirwa munguva 1980-2019 - 1 mvumo.
Iwo makuru ma paramita kubva pane iyi dataset akashandiswa kuongororwa:
- mvumo_yekusika_date - zuva rekugadzirwa kwechishandiso (chaizvoizvo, zuva rinotanga basa rekuvaka)
- tsananguro - tsananguro yechikumbiro (maviri kana matatu mazwi akakosha anotsanangura chirongwa chekuvaka (basa) iro mvumo yakagadzirwa)
- Zvinofungidzirwa_mutengo - inofungidzirwa (inofungidzira) mutengo webasa rekuvaka
- revised_cost - yakadzokororwa mutengo (mutengo webasa mushure mekuongororwa, kuwedzera kana kuderera kwemavhoriyamu ekutanga ekushandisa)
- iripo_kushandisa - mhando yedzimba (imwe-, mbiri-mhuri imba, dzimba, mahofisi, kugadzira, nezvimwewo)
- zipcode, nzvimbo - kodhi yepositi uye zvinhu zvinorongeka
Basa rekuvaka regore negore muSan Francisco
Girafu riri pazasi rinoratidza paramita Zvinofungidzirwa_mutengo ΠΈ revised_cost inoratidzwa sekugoverwa kwemutengo wose webasa pamwedzi.
data_cost_m = data_cost.groupby(pd.Grouper(freq='M')).sum()Kuti uderedze "outliers" pamwedzi wega wega, data repamwedzi rinounganidzwa pagore. Girafu yehuwandu hwemari yakasimwa pagore yakagamuchira fomu inonzwisisika uye inoongororwa.
data_cost_y = data_cost.groupby(pd.Grouper(freq='Y')).sum()
Zvichienderana nekufamba kwegore kwehuwandu hwemitengo (ese mvumo yegore) kune zvivakwa zveguta zvinhu zvehupfumi zvakapesvedzera kubva 1980 kusvika 2019 zvinonyatsooneka pahuwandu uye mutengo wezvirongwa zvekuvaka, kana neimwe nzira pakudyara muSan Francisco real estate.
Huwandu hwemvumo yekuvaka (huwandu hwemabasa ekuvaka kana huwandu hwekudyara) mukati memakore makumi mana apfuura hwave hune hukama nehupfumi muSilicon Valley.
Nhamba yekutanga yebasa rekuvaka yakabatana neyemagetsi hype yepakati-80s mumupata. Kudzikira kwemagetsi uye kubhengi kwakazotevera muna 1985 kwakatumira musika wedunhu zvivakwa mukudzikira kubva kwawasina kupora kweanoda kusvika makore gumi.
Mushure meizvozvo, dzimwe nguva mbiri (muna 1993-2000 uye 2009-2016) kusati kwadonha kweDotcom bubble uye tekinoroji yakawedzera makore achangopfuura. Indasitiri yekuvaka yeSan Francisco yakasangana nekukura kwemazana ezviuru zvakati wandei..
Nekubvisa nhongonya dzepakati uye madhiri uye nekusiya hudiki uye hwakanyanya kukosha kune yega yega kutenderera kwehupfumi, zviri pachena kuti kushanduka kukuru kwemusika kwatambudza indasitiri mumakore makumi mana apfuura.
Kuwedzera kukuru kwekudyara mukuvaka kwakaitika panguva yedot-com boom, apo pakati pa1993 na2001 $10 bhiriyoni yakaiswa mukugadzirisa nekuvaka, kana madhora bhiriyoni rimwe pagore. Kana tikaverenga mumaskweya metres (mutengo we1 mΒ² muna 1 $1995), iyi ingangoita 3000 m350 pagore kwemakore gumi, kutanga muna 000.
Kukura kwegore negore kwekudyara kwemari panguva iyi kwakasvika 1215%.
Makambani airenda midziyo yokuvaka panguva iyi akanga akafanana nemakambani aitengesa mafoshoro panguva yekumhanyiswa kwegoridhe (munzvimbo imwe chete pakati pezana remakore rechi19). Chete panzvimbo yemafoshoro, mumakore ekuma2000 pakanga patova nemacranes nemapombi ekongiri emakambani ekuvaka achangobva kuumbwa aida kuita mari pakuvaka.
Mushure meimwe neimwe yematambudziko mazhinji ayo indasitiri yekuvaka yakasangana nayo mumakore apfuura, mumakore maviri anotevera mushure medambudziko, mari (huwandu hwezvikumbiro zvemvumo) zvekuvaka yakaderera neinosvika 50% nguva imwe neimwe.
Matambudziko makuru muindasitiri yekuvaka yeSan Francisco akaitika muma90s. Iko, ine periodicity ye5 makore, iyo indasitiri yakadonha (-85% munguva 1983-1986), yakazosimuka zvakare (+895% munguva 1988-1992), ichisara mumashoko egore muna 1981, 1986, 1988. , 1993 - pamwero wakafanana.
Mushure me1993, kuderera kwese kwakazotevera muindasitiri yekuvaka kwakasvika kusapfuura 50%. Asi dambudziko rehupfumi richiswedera pedyo (nekuda kweCOVID-19) inogona kugadzira dambudziko rekodhi muindasitiri yekuvaka munguva ye2017-2021, kuderera kweiyo yatova munguva ye2017-2019 inosvika kuhuwandu hunopfuura 60%.
Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweSan Francisco dynamics munguva 1980-1993 zvakare yakaratidza kukura kunenge kwakakura. Simba rehupfumi uye simba rekuvandudza reSilicon Valley raive hwaro hwakasimba pakavakirwa hyperbole yeNew Economy, American Renaissance, uye dot-coms. Yakanga iri musimboti wehupfumi hutsva. Asi kusiyana nekukwira kwekudyara kwezvivakwa, mushure meiyo dot-com peak, huwandu hwevanhu hwakawedzera.
Pamberi pedot-com peak muna 2001, kukura kwehuwandu hwegore kubva 1950 kwave kuri kuita 1% pagore. Zvino, mushure mekudonha kwebubble, kuwanda kwevanhu vatsva kwakadzikira uye kubva 2001 kwave kungove 0.2 muzana pagore.
Muna 2019 (kekutanga kubvira 1950), masimba ekukura airatidza kubuda kwehuwandu (-0.21% kana zviuru zvinomwe zvevanhu) kubva kuguta reSan Francisco.
Tarisiro uye chokwadi paunenge uchigadzira fungidziro yemitengo
Mune datasets inoshandiswa, data pamutengo wemvumo yeprojekti yekuvaka yakakamurwa kuita:
- mutengo wakafungidzirwa wepakutanga (Zvinofungidzirwa_mutengo)
- mutengo webasa mushure mekuongororwa (revised_cost)
Munguva dzeBoom nguva, chinangwa chikuru chekudzokorora ndechekuwedzera mutengo wekutanga, apo mutyairi (mutengi wekuvaka) anoratidza chishuwo mushure mekutanga kuvaka.
Munguva yedambudziko, vanoedza kusapfuudza mutengo unofungidzirwa, uye fungidziro dzekutanga dzinoita chero shanduko (kunze kwekudengenyeka kwenyika muna 1989).
Zvinoenderana negirafu rakavakirwa pamusiyano uripo pakati pemutengo wakadzokororwa uye unofungidzirwa (revised_cost - guess_cost), zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti:
Huwandu hwekuwedzera kwemutengo kana uchidzokorodza huwandu hwebasa rekuvaka zvakananga zvinoenderana nekutenderera kwehupfumi
data_spread = data_cost.assign(spread = (data_cost.revised_cost-data_cost.estimated_cost))
Munguva dzekukurumidza kukura kwehupfumi, vatengi vebasa (vatengesi) vanoshandisa mari yavo nerupo, vachiwedzera zvikumbiro zvavo mushure mekutanga kwebasa.
Mutengi (investi), achinzwa aine chivimbo mune zvemari, anokumbira mugadziri wekuvaka kana mugadziri wezvivakwa kuti awedzere mvumo yekuvaka yakatopihwa. Ichi chinogona kunge chiri chisarudzo chekuwedzera kureba kwekutanga kwedziva kana kuwedzera nzvimbo yeimba (mushure mekutanga kwebasa uye kubudiswa kwemvumo yekuvaka).
Pamusoro penguva yedot-com, mari "yekuwedzera" yakadaro yakasvika "yakawedzerwa" bhiriyoni rimwe pagore.
Kana iwe ukatarisa tafura iyi yatove muhuwandu hwekuchinja, ipapo kuwedzera kwepamusoro kwekufungidzira (100% kana 2 nguva yepakutanga inofungidzirwa mutengo) yakaitika mugore risati raitika kudengenyeka kwakaitika muna 1989 pedyo neguta. Ndinofungidzira kuti pashure pokudengenyeka kwapasi, zvirongwa zvokuvaka zvakatanga muna 1988 zvaida, pashure pokudengenyeka kwapasi muna 1989, nguva yakawanda nemari yokuita.
Sezvineiwo, kudzokorora kudzika kwemutengo unofungidzirwa (uyo wakaitika kamwe chete mukati menguva kubva 1980 kusvika 2019) makore akati wandei kudengenyeka kwepasi kusati kwaitika nekuda kwekuti mamwe mapurojekiti akatanga muna 1986-1987 akaomeswa nechando kana kudyara mumapurojekiti aya kwakatemwa. pasi. Pahurongwa paavhareji yepurojekiti yega yega yakatanga muna 1987 - kuderedzwa kwemutengo waifungidzirwa waiva -20% wechirongwa chekutanga..
data_spred_percent = data_cost_y.assign(spred = ((data_cost_y.revised_cost-data_cost_y.estimated_cost)/data_cost_y.estimated_cost*100))
Kuwedzera kwemutengo wekutanga unofungidzirwa weinopfuura 40% yakaratidza kana kuti ingangove mhedzisiro yekusvika bubble mune zvemari uyezve musika wekuvaka.
Ndechipi chikonzero chekuderera kwekupararira (kusiyana) pakati pezvinofungidzirwa uye zvakagadziridzwa mari mushure me2007?
Zvichida vatengesi vakatanga kunyatsotarisa nhamba (avhareji yemari pamusoro pemakore makumi maviri yakawedzera kubva pa $ 20 zviuru kusvika ku $ 100 mamiriyoni) kana zvichida dhipatimendi rekuvaka, kudzivirira uye kuvharidzira mabhubhu ari kubuda mumusika weimba, akaunza mitemo mitsva uye zvipingamupinyi kuderedza zvingangoita manipulations. uye njodzi dzinobvira dzichamuka mukati memakore enhamo.
Basa rekuvaka zvinoenderana nemwaka wegore
Nekuisa mumapoka data nemavhiki ekarenda egore (masvondo makumi mashanu nemana), unogona kuona basa rekuvaka muguta reSan Francisco zvichienderana nemwaka uye nguva yegore.
NeKisimusi, masangano ese ekuvaka ari kuyedza kuwana mvumo yezvirongwa zvitsva "makuru" nenguva. (panguva imwe cheteyo! nhamba! yemvumo mumwedzi mimwecheteyo iyi iri pamwero wakafanana gore rose). Vanoisa mari, vachironga kuwana pfuma yavo mukati megore rinotevera, vanopinda muzvibvumirano mumwedzi yechando, vachiverengera kuderedzwa kukuru (sezvo zvibvumirano zvezhizha, kazhinji, zviri kusvika pakupera kwegore uye makambani ekuvaka anofarira. mukugamuchira zvikumbiro zvitsva).
Kisimusi isati yasvika, huwandu hukuru hwezvikumbiro hunoendeswa (kuwedzera kubva paavhareji ye1-1,5 bhiriyoni pamwedzi kusvika ku5 bhiriyoni muna Zvita chete). Panguva imwecheteyo, nhamba yose yezvikumbiro nemwedzi inoramba iri pamwero wakafanana (ona pazasi chikamu: nhamba dzehuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvikumbiro nemwedzi nezuva)
Mushure mezororo rechando, indasitiri yekuvaka iri kushingaira kuronga nekushandisa mirairo ye "Kisimusi" (isina kuwedzera kwenhamba yemvumo) kuitira kusunungura zviwanikwa pakati pegore (risati rasvika zororo reZuva reKuzvitonga) risati rasvika. mafungu ezvibvumirano zvezhizha anotanga pakarepo mushure mezororo raJune.
data_month_year = data_month_year.assign(week_year = data_month_year.permit_creation_date.dt.week)
data_month_year = data_month_year.groupby(['week_year'])['estimated_cost'].sum()
Iyo yakafanana muzana data (orenji mutsara) inoratidzawo kuti indasitiri inoshanda "zvinyoro" mukati megore, asi pamberi uye mushure mezororo, chiitiko pazvibvumirano chinowedzera kusvika 150% mukati mevhiki 20-24 (Zuva reIndependence risati rasvika), uye inoderera pakarepo mushure mezororo kusvika -70%.
Pamberi peHalloween neKisimusi, chiitiko muindasitiri yekuvaka yeSan Francisco inowedzera ne43% mukati mevhiki 44-150 (kubva pasi kusvika kumusoro) uye zvino inodzikira kusvika zero panguva yezororo.
Nekudaro, iyo indasitiri iri mumwedzi mitanhatu kutenderera, iyo inoparadzaniswa nezororo "US Independence Day" (vhiki 20) ββuye "Kisimusi" (vhiki 52).
Yese real estate investment muSan Francisco
Kubva pane data pamusoro pemvumo yekuvaka muguta:
Iyo yakazara mari mumapurojekiti ekuvaka muSan Francisco kubva 1980 kusvika 2019 imadhora mazana mapfumbamwe neshanu.
sf_worth = data_location_lang_long.cost.sum()
Huwandu hwemusika hunokosha hwezvivakwa zvese zvekugara muSan Francisco zvakaongororwa nemitero yezvivakwa (kuve iyo yakaongororwa kukosha kwezvivakwa zvese uye zvese zvivakwa zvemunhu zveSan Francisco) .
Ndedzipi nzvimbo dzeSan Francisco dzakaisa mari mukati memakore makumi mana apfuura?
Tichishandisa raibhurari yeFolium, ngationei kuti iyi $91,5 bhiriyoni yakaiswa kupi nedunhu. Kuti tiite izvi, taunganidza iyo data ne zip kodhi, isu tinomiririra mhedzisiro maitiro tichishandisa madenderedzwa (iyo Circle basa kubva kuFolium raibhurari).
import folium
from folium import Circle
from folium import Marker
from folium.features import DivIcon
# map folium display
lat = data_location_lang_long.lat.mean()
long = data_location_lang_long.long.mean()
map1 = folium.Map(location = [lat, long], zoom_start = 12)
for i in range(0,len(data_location_lang_long)):
Circle(
location = [data_location_lang_long.iloc[i]['lat'], data_location_lang_long.iloc[i]['long']],
radius= [data_location_lang_long.iloc[i]['cost']/20000000],
fill = True, fill_color='#cc0000',color='#cc0000').add_to(map1)
Marker(
[data_location_mean.iloc[i]['lat'], data_location_mean.iloc[i]['long']],
icon=DivIcon(
icon_size=(6000,3336),
icon_anchor=(0,0),
html='<div style="font-size: 14pt; text-shadow: 0 0 10px #fff, 0 0 10px #fff;; color: #000";"">%s</div>'
%("$ "+ str((data_location_lang_long.iloc[i]['cost']/1000000000).round()) + ' mlrd.'))).add_to(map1)
map1
Zviri pachena kubva kumatunhu kuti Zvizhinji zvepai zvine musoro zvakaenda kuDownTown. Sezvo takarerutsa kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvese nedaro kusvika pakati peguta uye nguva yainotora kusvika pakati peguta (zvechokwadi, dzimba dzinodhura dziri kuvakwa pamahombekombe), zvibvumirano zvese zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka mana: 'Downtown' , '<4H Downtown', '< 0.5H Downtown', 'Kunze kweSF'.
from geopy.distance import vincenty
def distance_calc (row):
start = (row['lat'], row['long'])
stop = (37.7945742, -122.3999445)
return vincenty(start, stop).meters/1000
df_pr['distance'] = df_pr.apply (lambda row: distance_calc (row),axis=1)
def downtown_proximity(dist):
'''
< 2 -> Near Downtown, >= 2, <4 -> <0.5H Downtown
>= 4, <6 -> <1H Downtown, >= 8 -> Outside SF
'''
if dist < 2:
return 'Downtown'
elif dist < 4:
return '<0.5H Downtown'
elif dist < 6:
return '<1H Downtown'
elif dist >= 6:
return 'Outside SF'
df_pr['downtown_proximity'] = df_pr.distance.apply(downtown_proximity)Pamabhirioni makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu akaiswa mari muguta, angangoita 91,5 bhiriyoni (70% yezvese mari) akaiswa mukugadzirisa nekuvaka ari pakati peguta. (green zone) uye kunharaunda yeguta mukati meradius ye2 km. kubva pakati (blue zone).
Avhareji yemari inofungidzirwa yekukumbira kuvaka nedunhu reguta
Yese data, sekunge nehuwandu hwekudyara huwandu, hwakaiswa mumapoka ne zip code. Muchiitiko chino chete neavhareji (.mean()) inofungidzirwa mutengo wekushandisa ne zip code.
data_location_mean = data_location.groupby(['zipcode'])['lat','long','estimated_cost'].mean()
Munzvimbo dzakajairwa dzeguta (kupfuura 2 km kubva pakati peguta) - avhareji inofungidzirwa mutengo wekushandisa kwekuvaka iUS $ 50 zviuru.
Avhareji inofungidzirwa mutengo munzvimbo yepakati peguta inokwira zvakapetwa katatu ($150 zviuru kuti $400 zviuru) pane dzimwe nzvimbo ($30-50 zviuru).
Pamusoro pemutengo wevhu, zvinhu zvitatu zvinotarisa mutengo wakakwana wekuvaka imba: vashandi, zvinhu, uye mari yehurumende. Izvi zvikamu zvitatu zvakakwirira muCalifornia kupfuura mune imwe nyika. Makodhi ekuvaka eCalifornia anoonekwa semamwe akazara uye akaomesesa munyika (nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwenyika uye mitemo yezvakatipoteredza), kazhinji inoda zvinhu zvinodhura uye vashandi.
Semuenzaniso, hurumende inoda kuti vavaki vashandise zvemhando yepamusoro zvekuvakisa (mahwindo, insulation, kudziyisa uye kutonhodza masisitimu) kuti vakwanise kuita simba repamusoro.
Kubva pahuwandu hwehuwandu paavhareji mutengo wekukumbira mvumo, nzvimbo mbiri dzinomira pachena:
- Treasure Island - chitsuwa chekugadzira muSan Francisco Bay. Ivhareji inofungidzirwa mutengo wemvumo yekuvaka imadhora 6,5 miriyoni.
- Mission Bay - (vanhu 2926) Ivhareji inofungidzirwa mutengo wemvumo yekuvaka imadhora 1,5 miriyoni.
Muchokwadi, iyo yakakwira avhareji yekushandisa munzvimbo idzi mbiri ine hukama nenhamba shoma yekunyorera kunzvimbo idzi dzeposi (145 uye 3064 zvakateerana, kuvaka pachitsuwa kushoma), nepo kune mamwe makodhi epositi - XNUMX.uye nguva 1980-2019 yakagamuchira zvingangoita chiuru nemazana matatu zvikumbiro pagore (yakazara paavhareji 30 -50 zviuru zvikumbiro zvenguva yese).
Zvinoenderana ne "nhamba yezvikumbiro" parameter, kugovaniswa kwakaringana kwenhamba yezvikumbiro pakodhi yeposita muguta rose inoonekwa.
Statistics pahuwandu hwehuwandu hwezvikumbiro nemwedzi nezuva
Huwandu huwandu hwehuwandu hwezvikumbiro nemwedzi uye zuva revhiki pakati pa1980 na2019 zvinoratidza kuti Mwedzi yakanyarara zvikuru yedhipatimendi rokuvaka ndiyo mwedzi yechirimo neyechando. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwekudyara hunotsanangurwa mumashandisirwo hunosiyana zvakanyanya uye hunosiyana kubva pamwedzi kuenda kumwedzi dzimwe nguva. (onazve "Basa rekuvaka zvinoenderana nemwaka"). Pakati pemazuva evhiki, nemusi weMuvhuro mutoro wedhipatimendi ungangoita 20% zvishoma pane mamwe mazuva evhiki.
months = [ 'January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May','June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December' ]
data_month_count = data_month.groupby(['permit_creation_date']).count().reindex(months)
Nepo Chikumi naChikunguru zvakangofanana maererano nenhamba yezvikumbiro, maererano nemutengo unofungidzirwa wese musiyano unosvika 100% (4,3 bhiriyoni muna Chivabvu naChikunguru uye 8,2 bhiriyoni muna Chikumi).
data_month_sum = data_month.groupby(['permit_creation_date']).sum().reindex(months)
Remangwana reSan Francisco kuvaka indasitiri, kufanotaura chiitiko nemapateni.
Pakupedzisira, ngatienzanise kuvakwa basa chati muSan Francisco pamwe Bitcoin mutengo chati (2015-2018) uye goridhe mutengo chati (1940 - 1980).
muenzaniso (kubva pachimiro cheChirungu - modhi, sampuli) - mukuongorora kwehunyanzvi yakagadzikana inodzokorora musanganiswa wemutengo, vhoriyamu kana chiratidzo data inodanwa. Kuongororwa kwemaitiro kunobva pane imwe yeaxiom yekuongorora kwehunyanzvi: "nhoroondo inodzokorora pachayo" - zvinotendwa kuti kudzokororwa kusanganiswa kwedata kunotungamira kune yakafanana mhedzisiro.
Nzira huru inogona kuonekwa pane chati yegore rekuita ndeye Iyi ndiyo "Musoro uye Mafudzi" maitiro ekudzosera kumashure. Yakadaro nekuti chati inotaridzika semusoro wemunhu (peak) nemapendekete pamativi (madiki peaks). Kana mutengo uchinge watyora mutsara unobatanidza madhiri, iyo pateni inoonekwa seyakakwana uye kufamba kungangove kuderera.
Movements muchiitiko muSan Francisco kuvaka indasitiri anenge akanyatsoenderana nekukwira kwemutengo wegoridhe uye bitcoin. Kuitwa kwenhoroondo kwemitengo mitatu iyi uye machati ezviitiko zvinoratidza kufanana kunocherechedzwa.
Kukwanisa kufanotaura maitiro emusika wekuvaka mune ramangwana, zvakakosha kuverenga coefficient yekubatanidza neimwe yemaitiro maviri aya.
Zviviri zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonzi zvakabatanidzwa kana nguva yavo yekubatanidza (kana coefficient coefficient) yakasiyana ne zero; uye vanonzi huwandu husina kubatanidzwa kana nguva yavo yekubatanidza iri zero.
Kana iyo inoguma yakakosha iri pedyo ne0 pane 1, saka hapana chikonzero chekutaura nezvepateni yakajeka. Iri idambudziko rakaomarara remasvomhu, rinogona kutorwa nemakomuredhi echikuru angave achifarira nyaya iyi.
Kana! dzisiri dzesainzi! tarisa musoro weimwe budiriro yeindasitiri yekuvaka muSan Francisco: kana iyo pateni ichiramba ichienderana nemutengo weBitcoin, ipapo. maererano nesarudzo iyi isina tariro - kubuda mudambudziko muindasitiri yekuvaka muSan Francisco hazvizove nyore munguva pfupi yapfuura-dambudziko.
Neimwe "tarisiro" sarudzo budiriro, inodzokororwa exponential kukura muindasitiri yekuvaka inogoneka kana basa pano richitevera "mutengo wegoridhe" mamiriro. Muchiitiko ichi, mumakore 20-30 (zvichida mu10), chikamu chekuvaka chichatarisana nekuwedzera kutsva mubasa nekusimudzira.
Ini ndichanyatso tarisa kune ega ega ega ekuvaka (kugadzirisa matenga, kicheni, kuvaka masitepisi, yekugezera, kana uine chero mazano pamusoro pemaindasitiri kana imwe data - ndapota nyora mumashoko) uye enzanisa inflation yemhando yega yebasa. mitengo yakatarwa pazvikwereti zvembavha uye pundutso yehurumende US bond (Fixed Mortgage Rates & US Treasury Yield).
Batanidza kune chikamu chechipiri:
Batanidza kuJupyter Notebook:
Ndokumbirawo, kune avo vane Kaggle, ipai Notebook kuwedzera (Ndatenda!).
(Maonero uye tsananguro dzekodhi dzichawedzerwa gare gare muNotibhuku)
Batanidza neshanduro yeChirungu:
Kana uchifarira zvandiri, ndapota funga kunditengera kofi.
ndatenda nerutsigiro rwenyu!
Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. , Munogamuchirwa.
Ramangwana rakamira sei kuindasitiri yekuvaka yeSan Francisco?
-
66,7%Basa rekuvaka rinonyanya kutevera nzira yeBitcoin2
-
0,0%Chikamu chekuvaka chinogona kutevera nzira yemitengo yegoridhe0
-
0,0%Chikamu chinotarisira hype mumakore gumi anotevera
-
33,3%Kuvandudzwa kwechikamu hakusi kuenda maererano nemapateni1
3 vashandisi vakavhota. 6 vashandisi vakaramba.
Source: www.habr.com