Muti weKisimusi pamutsara wekuraira

Gore Idzva riri kuuya, handidi kufunga nezvebasa rakakomba zvakare.

Munhu wose ari kuedza kushongedza chimwe chinhu chezororo: imba, hofisi, nzvimbo yebasa ... Ngatishongedze chimwe chinhu zvakare! Semuenzaniso, mutsara wekuraira mutsara. Kusvika kumwero wakati, mutsara wekuraira zvakare inzvimbo yebasa.

Mune kumwe kugovera yakatove "yakashongedzwa":

Mune dzimwe, ipfumbu uye haioneki:

Uye isu tinogona kuita, semuenzaniso, seizvi:

Zvechokwadi, zviratidzo zvose zvinonaka zvakasiyana uye mavara. Kana ruvara rwakadaro ruchiita serwakashata uye rusina kufanira kwauri, saka ziva kuti iyi pfungwa ine kodzero yehupenyu. Uye kana iwe uchidawo kuwedzera mweya weGore Idzva zvishoma, verenga kune chinyorwa chipfupi cheGore Idzva kubva Cloud4Y.

Kutanga, ini ndichatsanangura kuti iyo terminal inobuda sei "yemavara." Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa kupukunyuka sequences. Kana zvakanyanya chaizvo, iyo yekudzora kodhi inoteedzana yeiyo ANSI/VT100 terminal. Zvinoreva zvoga kuti terminal yako emulator inofanirwa kutsigira chiyero ichi, zvikasadaro chishamiso cheGore Idzva hachizoitika. Uye hongu, $SHELL inofungidzirwa kuve yako bash.

Iyi mirairo inodaidzwa kutevedzana kwekupukunyuka nekuti pakutanga kweimwe neimwe yayo kune ASCII hunhu "kupukunyuka". Kune akawanda ekudzora kutevedzana, uye anobvumira, semuenzaniso, kuratidza zvigadziriso zvekupedzisira, kudzora kuratidzwa uye kufamba kwechitubu, shandura font, kudzima uye kuvanza zvinyorwa. Isu tichasarudza imwe kubva kune ese akasiyana-siyana anogona - kushandura ruvara rwechinyorwa uye kumashure.

Ita kodhi sequence *ESC*[{attr1};...;{attrn}m
Sechiratidzo kupunyuka chimiro chayo che octal chinoshandiswa, kureva 33. Kana ari hunhu, heino runyoro rupfupi rwezvinogoneka kukosha:

0 Rongedza hunhu hwese
1 Kupenya (kuwedzerwa kupenya)
2 Dim
4 Underscore
5 Blink
7 Reverse
8 Zvakavanzwa (viga zvinyorwa)

Foreground Colours (peni ruvara, zvinyorwa zvinoratidzwa nemuvara uyu):
30 Nhema
31 Tsvuku
32 Girinhi
33 Yero
34 Bhuruu
35 Magenta (magenta)
36 Cyan (bhuruu)
37 Chena

Mavara Ekumashure (ruvara rwebepa, kana ruvara rwekumashure):
40 Nhema
41 Tsvuku
42 Girinhi
43 Yero
44 Bhuruu
45 Magenta (magenta)
46 Cyan (bhuruu)
47 Chena

Ziva kuti kana iwe zvino uchiraira mune terminal: echo 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’

... ipapo iwe uchafungidzira kuwana monochrome gobbledygook pane zvinobuda:

Sei? Nekuti zvaive zvakafanira kushandisa hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hweiyo echo command. Zvakakwana kuwedzera kiyi imwe chete: echo -e ‘ 33[0;31mнекоторый текст 33[0m’

Izvo zvinobuda zvino zvinotaridzika zvakanaka:

Isu takarongedza mavara ezvakabuda kune terminal. Zvino ngationei kuti tingaisa sei ruvara rwekuraira kukurumidza.

Izvi zvinoitwa nekushandura PS1 kusiyanisa. Iyo inosiyana ndiyo ine basa rekuraira mutsara wekukurumidza. Chitarisiko chayo chinogonawo kuchinjwa, kusanganisira kushandisa kutevedzana kwekupukunyuka. Asi pane musiyano mudiki: unofanirwa kutanga kuteerana nechiratidzo "[”, wopedzisa nechiratidzo “]”, zvikasadaro ichaburitswa kune terminal.

Yese inoteedzana yemirairo inotsanangurwa zvakadzama mubhuku rebash, saka ndinokoka vaverengi kuti vasarudze ivo zvavanoda kuona pamutsara wekuraira. Semuenzaniso, ini ndichapa kukosha kwangu kweiyo PS1 kusiyanisa:

[ 33[34;1m]t[ 33[0m],[ 33[32m]u@l@h[ 33[0m]:[ 33[33m]W[ 33[0m],[ 33
[31m]![ 33[0m]$n

Ini ndichadudzira chiperengo ichi chinotyisa:

[33[34;1m] - batidza bhuruu inopenya (yechipiri hunhu) font color
t - ratidza nguva iripo mufomati HH: MM: SS
[33[0m] - gadzirisazve mavara emavara marongero
, - comma chete (zvisingatarisirwi, handiti?)
[33[32m] - batidza ruvara rwemavara egirinhi
u@l@h - ratidza zita remushandisi, nhamba yechishandiso chekupedzisira uye ipfupi zita remuenzi, rakapatsanurwa ne "@" chiratidzo
[33[0m] - gadzirisazve marongero emavara efonti zvakare
: - ingori colon (kamwe kamwe!)
[33[33m] — batidza ruvara rweyellow font
W - ratidza zita redhairekitori razvino
[33[0m] - gadzirisazve marongero emavara efonti zvakare
, - imwe comma (ndiani angadai akafunga!)
[33[31m] - batidza ruvara rutsvuku rwefonti
! - ratidza nhamba yekuraira mune terminal
[33[0m] - usakanganwa kusetazve mafonti emavara marongero
$ - dhinda "#" yemudzi uye "$" kune wese wese
n - shanduro yemutsara. Yechii? Kuitira kuti murairo utange kumucheto wekuruboshwe wehwindo, pane kumagumo emutsara wekuraira.

Ndekupi kutsanangudza shanduko? Nzvimbo ine musoro yekuita izvi ndeye ~/.bashrc.

Kuonekwa kwekukoka kunogumira chete nekufungidzira kwako. Muchidimbu, hapana chinokutadzisa kuita mutsara wekuraira nekukurumidza muchimiro chemuti weKisimusi uchishandisa zvishandiso zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro. Ichokwadi, kukokwa kwakadaro kuchava kwakaoma zvikuru, uye basa harizovi nyore nyore. Muti weKisimusi unogona kungoratidzwa pamusoro pemutsara wekuraira paunopinda (tichiri kuda kugadzirisa ~/.bashrc). Enda zvako! Uye ndinokutendai nekuteerera kwenyu.

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Nyorera kune yedu teregiramu-chiteshi kuti usapotsa chinyorwa chinotevera! Isu tinonyora kwete kanopfuura kaviri pavhiki uye chete pabhizinesi. Isu tinokuyeuchidza zvakare kuti kambani yegore inopa Cloud4Y yakatanga iyo "FZ-152 Cloud pamutengo wenguva dzose" kukwidziridzwa. Unogona kunyorera kusvika Zvita 31.

Source: www.habr.com