Masvondo mashoma apfuura takapedza : vakavaka kamuri, iyo yavakazadza nemidziyo yakangwara uye vakatanga nhepfenyuro yeYouTube kubva mairi. Vatambi vaigona kudzora maIoT zvishandiso kubva pawebhusaiti yemutambo; Chinangwa chaive chekutsvaga chombo chakavigwa mukamuri (ine simba laser pointer), kuibaya uye kukonzera pfupi pfupi mukamuri.
Kuti tiwedzere kune chiito, takaisa shredder muimba, umo takatakura 200 rubles: shredder yakadya bhiri rimwe paawa. Mushure mekukunda mutambo, unogona kumisa shredder uye kutora mari yese yasara.
Takatotaura , pamwe chete project. Yave nguva yekutaura nezve Hardware uye kuti yakaunganidzwa sei.
Paive nezvakawanda zvikumbiro zvekuratidza nguva yekuchenesa kamuri - tinoratidza kuti tinoipatsanura sei
Hardware Architecture: Kamuri Kudzora
Takatanga kugadzira mhinduro yehardware apo mamiriro acho akange atonzwisiswa zvakanyanya, iyo backend yaive yakagadzirira, uye isu taive nekamuri isina chinhu yakagadzirira kuisa michina.
Tichirangarira joke rekare "Iyo S muIoT inomirira Chengetedzo" ("Iyo tsamba S muchidimbu cheIoT inomirira Chengetedzo"), isu takasarudza kuti panguva ino vatambi vari mumutambo wechiitiko vanodyidzana chete nemberi-kumagumo uye kumashure-kuguma. yesaiti, asi usawane mukana wekuenda zvakananga kusimbi.
Izvi zvakaitwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza uye chitarisiko chezvaiitika pachiratidziri: nekuwana zvakananga kune Hardware nevatambi, zvingave zvakanyanya kuoma kuparadzanisa zviito zvakachengeteka uye zvinogona kuva nengozi, semuenzaniso, kupuruzira nekukurumidza kweshredder kana kudzora. pyrotechnics.
Tisati tatanga dhizaini, takagadzira akati wandei misimboti yekudzora mitambo yemitambo, inova hwaro hwekugadzira:
Usashandise zvigadziriso zvisina waya
Nzvimbo yese yekutamba iri mune imwe furemu, kona yega yega inogona kusvikwa. Pakanga pasina kudiwa chaiko kwekubatanidza isina waya uye ivo vaizongove imwe pfungwa yekutadza.
Usashandise chero akakosha akangwara epamba zvishandiso
Kunyanya nekuda kwekugadzirisa kushanduka. Zviripachena kuti isu tinokwanisa kugadzirisa akawanda mabhokisi eshanduro dzesmart home masisitimu ane yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa admin uye zvidzoreso zvebasa redu, asi mutengo wevashandi ungaenzaniswa nekugadzira yako yega mhinduro iri nyore.
Mukuwedzera, zvaive zvakafanira kuuya nemichina yaizoratidza zvakajeka kuti ndivo vatambi vakashandura mamiriro ayo: vakashandura / kudzima kana kuisa chiedza chakananga pamabhii FALCON.
Takaunganidza zvinhu zvese kubva kune veruzhinji zvigadzirwa zvinogona kutengwa muzvitoro zveredhiyo zvenguva dzose: pakati pekutakura pizza nekudya cola, vatakuri veChip uye Dip naLeroy vaigara vachiuya kunzvimbo.
Sarudzo yekuunganidza zvese isu pachedu yakarerutsa debugging, scalability, zvisinei, yaida kutarisirwa kukuru panguva yekuisa.
Yese relay uye arudin haifanirwe kuoneka mufuremu
Isu takasarudza kuunza zvese zvinodzoreka munzvimbo imwechete tozvivanza kuseri kwezviitiko kuti tikwanise kutarisa mashandiro avo uye, kana zvichidikanwa, nyatsokambaira kunze kwekuona kamera uye kutsiva iyo yakakundikana unit.
Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvose zvakavanzwa pasi petafura, uye kamera yakaiswa kuitira kuti hapana chaioneka pasi petafura. Iyi yakanga iri "nzvimbo yedu yakapofumadzwa" kuti injiniya akwire
Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu takatowana imwe smart mudziyo: yakagamuchira mamiriro eimwe neimwe yezvikamu zvayo kubva kumashure uye yakachinja iyo nemirairo yakakodzera.
Kubva pakuona kwehardware yekumisikidzwa, ichi chishandiso chaidzora zvinhu zvitanhatu:
- Marambi mazhinji ematafura, ane on/off state uye anodzorwa nevatambi
- Tsamba dziri pamadziro, vanogona kuchinja ruvara rwavo pakuraira kwevatambi
- Mafeni anotenderera uye anovhura iyo flipchart kana sevha iri pasi pekuremerwa
- Laser inodzorwa kuburikidza nePWM
- Shredder akadya mari nenguva
- Muchina wehutsi wakadzimwa laser yega yega isati yapfura
Kuedza muchina wekuputa nelaser
Gare gare, chiedza chedariro chakawedzerwa, icho chakamira seri kwefuremu uye chaidzorwa zvakanyatsofanana nemwenje kubva panzvimbo 1. Chiedza chechikuva chakashanda mumakesi maviri: chaivhenekera laser apo simba raishandiswa pairi, uye yakavhenekera uremu pamberi pe laser yakatangwa mukurwisa mode.
Chii chaiva ichi smart device?
Nzira yese, Yura, mukomana wedu wehardware, akaedza kusaomesa zvinhu uye kuuya neyakapfava, minimalist mhinduro inogoneka.
Zvaifungidzirwa kuti VPS yaizongomhanyisa script inogamuchira json ine mamiriro emidziyo uye inotumira kuArduino yakabatana ne USB.
Yakabatanidzwa kune zviteshi:
- 16 dzenguva dzose relays (ndivo vaiita ruzha rwakanzwika muvhidhiyo. Isu takanyanya kuvasarudza nekuda kweiyi ruzha)
- 4 solid state relays yekudzora PWM chiteshi, senge mafeni,
- patsanura PWM yakabuda yelaser
- kubuda kunoburitsa chiratidzo kune iyo LED strip
Heino muenzaniso wejson command yakauya kune relay kubva kune server
{"power":false,"speed":0,"period":null,"deviceIdentifier":"FAN"}Uye uyu muenzaniso webasa iro rairo rakasvika naro kuArudino
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
request = json.loads(body.decode("utf-8"))
print(request, end="n")
send_to_serial(body)Kuti titarise nguva iyo laser painozopisa netambo uye huremu huchibhururuka kumvura, takagadzira bhatani diki iro rakamutswa huremu pahwakadonha ndokupa chiratidzo kuhurongwa.
Bhatani rekutarisa kufamba kwehuremu
Pachiratidzo ichi, mabhomba eutsi akagadzirwa kubva kumabhora eping-pong aifanirwa kuvheneka. Isu takaisa 4 zvipfungaidzo zveutsi zvakananga muvhavha yevhavha ndokuzvibatanidza netambo ye nichrome, iyo yaifanirwa kupisa uye kushanda semoto.
Dzimba dzine mabhomba ehutsi uye garland yeChinese
Arduino
Maererano nehurongwa hwepakutanga, zviito zviviri zvakaitika paArduino.
Chekutanga, pakagamuchirwa chikumbiro chitsva, chikumbiro chacho chakatambirwa pachishandiswa raibhurari yeArduinoJson. Tevere, mudziyo wega wega wakachengetedzwa wakafananidzwa nezvimiro zvawo zviviri:
- power state "pa" kana "off" (standard state)
- iyo nguva iyo mudziyo unobatidzwa - nguva mumamicroseconds kubva pakutanga kwebhodhi, kana yave nguva yekuidzima, ndiko kuti, kuunza nyika kune chiyero.
Nguva yekupedzisira iyo yakaiswa pakugamuchira inoenderana parameter muJSON, asi haina kukwanisa kutumirwa, ipapo kukosha kwakaiswa ku0 uye hapana kugadziridzwa kwakaitika.
Chechipiri chiitiko chakaitwa neArduino kutenderera kwese kwaive kuvandudza nyika, ndiko kuti, kutarisa kana paine chikonzero chekubatidza chimwe chinhu kana kuti yaive nguva yekudzima chero mudziyo.
Laser pointer - yakafanana Megatron 3000
Iyi inogara LSMVR450-3000MF 3000mW 450nm bhuku rinotarisa laser yekucheka uye yekumaka module.
Tsamba Falcon
Iwo akagadzirwa zviri nyore - isu takangokopa mavara kubva mulogo, tikaacheka kunze kwekadhibhodhi, ndokuzoavhara ne LED tepi. Muchiitiko ichi, ndaifanira kutengesa zvimedu zvematepi pamwe chete, 4 mazita pamusono wega wega, asi mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakakosha. Wedu backender Pasha akaratidza zvishamiso zveunyanzvi, achizviita mumaawa mashoma.
Kutanga bvunzo dzeiyo iot mudziyo uye kupedzisa
Takaita bvunzo dzekutanga uye panguva imwecheteyo mabasa matsva akasvika patiri. Ichokwadi ndechokuti pakati pekuita, mugadziri chaiye wefirimu uye cameraman kubva kuVGIK, Ilya Serov, akabatana neboka - akavaka chimiro, akawedzera mamwe mavhenekeri emufirimu uye akachinja zvishoma script yemutambo kuti aite kuti chiitiko chacho chiwedzere manzwiro, uye mufananidzo wacho unonyanya kushamisa uye wemitambo.
Izvi zvakanyanya kuwedzera mhando, asi zvinhu zvakaonekwa zvaidawo kubatana kune relay uye oparesheni algorithm yakatemwa.
Rimwe dambudziko raive laser: takaedza akati wandei nemhando dzakasiyana dzetambo uye lasers emasimba akasiyana. Pabvunzo, takangoturika huremu patambo.
Paunenge uchimhanya nechiratidzo chekuedza, simba rinotungamirirwa kuburikidza nePWM rakanga riri pasi pe10% uye harina kukuvadza tambo kunyange nekugara kwenguva refu.
Pakurwisa maitiro, laser yakadzorwa kusvika panenge nzvimbo ine dhayamita ye10 mm uye yaipisa zvine chivimbo netambo nemutoro kubva chinhambwe chingangoita mita.
Saka iyo laser yakashanda zvakakwana mukuyedzwa
Patakatanga kuyedza zvese mukamuri pahuremu hwakamiswa, zvakazoitika kuti kuchengetedza laser zvakachengeteka kwanga kusiri nyore. Zvadaro, kana tambo ichipisa, inonyunguduka, inotambanudza uye ichibva kunze kwekutarisa kwayo kwepakutanga.
Asi hazvina kuzoshanda saizvozvo: tambo yakasuduruka
Ilya akafambisa laser kusvika kumagumo ekamuri yakatarisana netambo kuitira kuti laser beam iende kumativi ose uye inotarisa yakanaka mumapuranga, iyo yakapetwa kaviri kure.
Mushure mekuita mimwe miedzo yakawanda nekupisa tambo yatova muhondo, takasarudza kusarwadzisa magumo uye kuchengetedza kucheka kwetambo tichishandisa nichrome waya. Yakaparadza tambo masekonzi 120 mushure mekubatidza laser mukurwisa mode. Takasarudza hardcode izvi, pamwe nekubviswa kwetambo uye kupisa kwemabhomba eutsi apo kuparadzaniswa kwekubatana kunotangwa, zvakananga mu hardware ye microcontroller.
Tambo yakazopisa netambo yekudzima
Saka, basa rechitatu rakaonekwa rakagadziriswa neArduino - kugadzirisa kutevedzana kwakabatana nekuitwa kwemirairo iyi.
Isu takasarudzawo kupa Arduino kukosha kwekuverenga mari paTV uye kumhanya shredder. Pakutanga, zvaifungidzirwa kuti backend ichaita izvi uye chiyero chazvino chaizoonekwa pawebhusaiti, uye paTV taizoratidza zvirevo kubva kuYouTube sechimwe chinhu chinopindirana, tichiudza vataridzi kuti zviitiko mukamuri iri kuitika muchokwadi. nguva.
Asi panguva yekuedza, Ilya akatarisa pachiitiko uye akakurudzira kuratidza chiyero chemutambo pahwindo guru: mari yakawanda yakasara, yakawanda yakadyiwa sei, uye kuverenga kusvika kune inotevera kutanga kweshredder.
Isu takasunga Arduino kunguva yazvino: awa yega yega yakazara shredder yakatangwa. Mufananidzo wacho wakaratidzwa paTV uchishandisa rasberry, iyo panguva iyoyo yakanga yava kutogamuchira zvikumbiro kubva kune server uye kuvatumira kune arduino kuti vaurayiwe. Mifananidzo ine zviratidzi zvemari yakadhonzwa nekudaidza iyo console utility fim chimwe chinhu chakadai
image = subprocess.Popen(["fim", "-q", "-r", "1920Γ1080", fim_str]), Π³Π΄Π΅ fim_str
Uye yakaumbwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hunodiwa kana nguva.
Isu takagadzira iyo mifananidzo pachine nguva: isu takangotora yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa vhidhiyo ine timer uye kunze kwenyika mazana maviri emifananidzo.
Aya ndiwo makanika akarongwa mumuchinjikwa. Panguva iyo kuverenga kwekupedzisira kwakatanga, isu tese takaenda kunzvimbo yacho, takapfeka nhumbi dzekudzimisa moto uye takagara pasi kuti timirire moto (waingove wakazara mukusawirirana)
Maitiro ekuita nhepfenyuro inoshanda kwevhiki: kusarudza kamera
Pakutsvaga, taida kutepfenyura kunoramba kuripo paYouTube kwemazuva manomwe - ndizvo chaizvo zvatakaisa senge nguva yakareba yemutambo. Paive nezvinhu zviviri zvaigona kutimisa:
- Kupisa kwekamera nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwekushanda
- Kudzima kweInternet
Iyo kamera yaifanirwa kupa inokwana Full HD mufananidzo kuita kuti kutamba uye kuona mukamuri kugadzikana.
Pakutanga, takatarisa kumawebhusaiti anogadzirwa kuti aonekwe. Isu takanga tichicheka bhajeti yedu, saka takanga tisingadi kutenga kamera, asi, sezvazvakazoitika, ivo havairende. Panguva imwecheteyo, takawana nenzira inoshamisa Xbox Kinect kamera yakarara mumba mangu, yakaiisa muimba yangu uye yakatanga nhepfenyuro yekuedza kwevhiki.
Iyo kamera yakashanda zvakanaka uye haina kupisa, asi Ilya akangoerekana aona kuti yakanga isina zvigadziro, kunyanya zvakanga zvisingakwanisi kuisa kuratidzwa.
Ilya akatsvaga kuunza rudzi rwekutepfenyura padhuze nezviyero zvekugadzirwa kwemafirimu nemavhidhiyo: kuendesa chiitiko chechiedza chinoshanduka chine mwenje wakajeka, kumashure kwakasviba uye zvinhu zviri mufuremu. Panguva imwecheteyo, ini ndaida kuchengetedza kujekeswa kwechifananidzo zvese zviri kumusoro uye mimvuri, nerushoma ruzha rwedhijitari.
Naizvozvo, kunyangwe iyo Kinect yakaratidza kuve yakavimbika mubvunzo uye isingade vhidhiyo yekutora kadhi (imwe pfungwa yekutadza), isu takasarudza kuisiya. Mushure memazuva matatu ekuyedza makamera akasiyana, Ilya akasarudza iyo Sony FDR-AX53 - diki, yakavimbika camcorder iyo isingadhure kurenda, asi panguva imwechete ine kuvimbika kwakakwana uye maitiro ekuona.
Takahaya kamera, tikaibatidza kwevhiki pamwe chete nekadhi rekutora vhidhiyo, uye takaona kuti naro taigona kutarisira kutepfenyura kunopfuurira mukutsvaka kwose.
Kugadzira bhaisikopo: kugadzira dariro uye kuvhenekera
Kushanda pakuvheneka kwaida imwe nyasha; taida kuvaka chibodzwa chemwenje nenzira shoma:
1. Kuvhenekera kwezvinhu kana vatambi vachivawana (laser, uremu), pamwe chete nechiedza chinogara chiripo pane shredder. Pano isu takashandisa dedolight 150 - yakavimbika uye compact firimu mwenje michina ine yakaderera-voltage halogen mwenje, iyo inobvumidza iwe kutarisa danda pane chimwe chinhu pasina kukanganisa kumashure uye zvimwe zvinhu.
2. Inoshanda kutamba chiedza - mwenje wetafura, mwenje wepasi, nyeredzi, garland. Chiedza chese chinoshanda chakagovaniswa muchimiro chekuvhenekera nzvimbo yemufananidzo, pakanga paine marambi eLED ane tembiricha yeruvara ye3200K mukati, mwenje uri pasi mwenje wakafukidzwa neiyo tsvuku Rosco foil sefa kuti igadzire isina kujairika ruvara mataurirwo.
Ini ndiri mainjiniya kwaamai vangu kana kutanga mangwana
Machengetero atakaita internet nemagetsi
Ivo vakaswedera kunyaya yekushivirira kukanganisa kwakada kuita senge munzvimbo yedata: vakasarudza kusatsauka kubva pamisimboti yekutanga uye vakachengetwa zvinoenderana neyakajairwa N + 1 chirongwa.
Kana nhepfenyuro paYouTube ikamira, izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvizogoneke kubatana zvakare uchishandisa iyo link uye kuenderera mberi nerukova. Yakanga iri nguva yakaoma, uye imba yacho yakanga iri muhofisi yenguva dzose.
Kune izvi takashandisa OpenWRT-based router uye mwan3 package. Yakaedza otomatiki kuwanikwa kwechiteshi masekonzi mashanu ega ega uye, kana paine kuzorora, yakachinjirwa kune backup modem neYota. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuchinjira kune chekuchengetedza chiteshi kwakaitika isingasviki miniti.
Zvaive zvakakoshawo zvakaenzana kubvisa kudzimwa kwemagetsi, nekuti kunyangwe simba renguva pfupi rekuwedzera raizokonzeresa reboot yemakomputa ese.
Naizvozvo, isu takatora ippon innova g2 3000 isingapindiki magetsi, iyo yaizotsigira ese ekutamba emitambo: iyo yakazara simba rekushandisa resystem yedu yaive yakatenderedza 300 Watts. Zvaizogara kwemaminetsi makumi manomwe neshanu, zvakakwana kune zvinangwa zvedu.
Isu takasarudza kupa mamwe mwenje kana magetsi emukamuri akadzimwa - akange asina kubatana kune isingachinjike magetsi.
Kutenda
- Kuchikwata chese , uyo akatanga nekushandisa mutambo wacho.
- Kusiyana, kune vatariri veRUVDS, yekutarisa basa remaseva, mutoro wakagamuchirwa uye zvinhu zvose zvakashanda semazuva ose.
- Kuna shefu mukuru nezve chokwadi chekuti mukupindura kudanwa, "Ndine zano: isu tichatora sevha, toisa aquarium pairi, torembera huremu pamusoro payo, boom, bang, zvese zvakazara nemvura, pfupi pfupi, moto. !β anogara achiti nechivimbo βzviite!β
- Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎ uye zvakasiyana kuna Mikhail Karpov kwete kungosangana nehafu uye kutibvumira kuputsa Mitemo Yekushandisa, asi kunyange kutipa bhizinesi rebhizimisi kwegore apo takataura nezveprojekti.
- Ilya Serov kujoinha nekuva mugadziri wepurojekiti, akagadzirira kukambaira hafu yehusiku, gluing LED strip, kutsvaga mhinduro dzehunyanzvi uye kuita zvese kuti tiwane bhaisikopo chairo.
- nokuda kwekugara wakagadzirira kuchengetedza mamiriro ezvinhu apo vamwe vakakanda maoko avo, borscht, tsigiro yetsika uye hurukuro kusvikira mangwanani.
- nekutibatanidza nepentester akanakisa munyika, akatipa zano nekutibatsira nemabasa.
- kune inotonhorera kugadzirwa kwevhidhiyo yemavhidhiyo ese.
- nokuda kworuoko rune simba uye nechido chokushanda kusvikira pakupedzisira.
- Zvakanaka kune inenge inogara ichidziya pizza.
Uye kutenda kukuru kunoenda kuvatambi nekuda kwese manzwiro atakasangana nawo pawakapinda nechisimba kutsvaga kwemazuva maviri usina kurara uye nekuregedza basa.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa pamusoro pekuda kuparadza server
Source: www.habr.com