Muchikamu chino tichatarisa zvinyorwa zvemagetsi zvezvigadzirwa zvakadaro, nheyo yekushanda uye nzira yekugadzirisa. Kusvika ikozvino, ndawana tsananguro dzezvakapedzwa zvigadzirwa zvefekitori, zvakanaka kwazvo, uye zvisina kudhura zvakanyanya. Chero zvazvingava, nekutsvaga nokukurumidza, mitengo inotanga pazviuru gumi zveRubles. Ini ndinopa tsananguro yeChinese kit yekuzvimiririra ye1.5 zviuru.
Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti chii chaizvo chichakurukurwa. Kune akawanda akasiyana-siyana magineti levitator, uye akasiyana ekuita chaiwo anoshamisa. Sarudzo dzakadaro, kana magineti echigarire, nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira, anowanikwa nemapango akafanana akatarisana, haafarire chero munhu nhasi, asi kune mamwe manomano sarudzo. Somuenzaniso izvi:
Nheyo yekushanda yakatsanangurwa kakawanda, kuiisa muchidimbu - kune magineti asingagumi akarembera mune remagineti ye solenoid, kusimba kwayo kunoenderana nechiratidzo chehoro sensor.
Iro danda rakapesana remagineti haritendeuke nekuda kwekuti rakaiswa mudummy globe, iro rinonyatso chinja pakati pegiravhiti pasi. Iyo yemagetsi dunhu remudziyo iri nyore kwazvo uye inoda kunenge isina kurongeka.
Pane zvingasarudzwa zvekushandisa mapurojekiti akafanana paArduino, asi izvi zvinobva munhevedzano "sei uchiita kuti zvive nyore kana zvichigona kuoma."
Ichi chinyorwa chakatsaurirwa kune imwe sarudzo, apo chigadziko chinoshandiswa pachinzvimbo chekumiswa:
Panzvimbo yepasi, ruva kana chimwe chinhu chinogoneka, seizvo fungidziro yako inoraira. Kugadzirwa kweserial kwematoyi akadaro kwakamiswa, asi mitengo haifadze chero munhu. Muhukuru hweAli Express ndakasangana neinotevera seti yezvikamu:
iyo ndiyo kuzadza kwemagetsi kwechigadziko. Mutengo wekubvunza i1,5 zviuru zveRubles kana "Seller's method" yasarudzwa.
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekutaurirana nemutengesi, , uye nemirayiridzo yekuseta muchiChinese. Chakanyanya kundibata ndechekuti mutengesi akapa chinongedzo kune vhidhiyo uko nyanzvi inotsanangura zvese zvakadzama, zvakare muchiChinese. Zvichakadaro, chimiro chakaunganidzwa chinoda gadziriso ine hunyanzvi uye inorwadza; hazvisi zvechokwadi kuitanga "panhunzi." Ndokusaka ndakafunga kupfumisa RuNet nemirayiridzo muRussia.
Saka, muhurongwa. Bhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa rakagadzirwa munzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo; sezvazvakazoitika, yaive kunyange mana-layered, izvo zvisingaite zvachose. Hunhu hwekugadzira hwakanakisa uye zvese zvine sirika-yakaongororwa uye inodhirowa zvakadzama. Chekutanga pane zvese, zviri nyore kune solder Hall sensors, uye zvakakosha kuti uzvimise nenzira kwayo. Mufananidzo wepedyo-up wakabatanidzwa.
Iyo inonzwa pamusoro pe sensors inofanira kunge iri pahafu yehurefu hwe solenoids.
Sensor yechitatu, iyo yakakomberedzwa netsamba "G", inogona kusimudzwa zvishoma. Chinzvimbo chayo, nenzira, haina kunyanya kutsoropodza - inoshanda kuvhura otomatiki simba.
Ini ndingakurudzira kukwira solenoids kuitira kuti zvinotungamira kubva pakutanga kwemhepo zviri pamusoro. Nenzira iyi ivo vachasimuka zvakanyanya zvakaenzana, uye kune njodzi shoma yekupfupika kutenderera. Ina solenoids inoumba sikweya; zvinodikanwa kubatanidza diagonals mumaviri. Pabhodhi rangu, imwe diagonal yakanga yakanyorwa kuti X1,Y1, uye imwe yacho yakanyorwa kuti X2,Y2.
Haisi chokwadi chekuti uchasangana neiyo imwe chete. Nheyo yacho yakakosha: tinotora diagonal, tinobatanidza zviteshi zvemukati zvemakoiri pamwe chete, uye tinobatanidza mabheti ekunze mukati medunhu. Iwo magineti minda akagadzirwa nepeya yega yega coils inofanira kunge yakatarisana.
Makoramu mana emagineti echigarire anofanirwa kuiswa kuitira kuti ese atarise nzira imwechete. Hazvina mhosva kuti iri kuchamhembe kana kumaodzanyemba, zvakakosha kuti urege kupindirana.
Mushure meizvozvo, isu tinodzora takadzikama nezvikamu uye tozvinamira mukati maererano nesiriki-screen kudhinda. Iyo tinning uye metallization yakanakisa, kutengesa bhodhi rakadaro kunonakidza.
Iye zvino yave nguva yekunyura mukushanda kweiyo electronic circuit.
Iyo node J3 - U5A - Q5 inowanikwa zvishoma zvakasiyana. Element J3 ndiyo inzwa yeHoro iyo yakarebesa uye ine makumbo akakombama. Ichi hachisi chimwe chinhu kunze kweiyo otomatiki mudziyo wemagetsi switch. Sensor J3 inoona chokwadi chaicho chekuvapo kwekuyangarara pamusoro pechimiro chese. Takaisa float simba richibatidzwa. Kubviswa - kudzima. Izvi zvine musoro, sezvo pasina kutenderera kushanda kwedunhu kunova kusina maturo.
Kana simba risina kupihwa, iyo inoyangarara inonamira zvakasimba kune imwe yemagineti mbiru. Ndokumbira utarise: izvi ndezvechokwadi, ndizvo zvazvinofanira kunge zviri. Kuyangarara kunofanira kutendeudzirwa kudivi iri. Inotanga kusundira kure chete kana iri pakati nepakati pechimiro. Asi nepo zvemagetsi zvisiri kushanda, anowira pane imwe yema vertices echikwere.
Iyo regulator inogadzirwa seizvi: maviri symmetrical halves, maviri akasiyana amplifiers, imwe neimwe inogamuchira chiratidzo kubva kune yayo Hall sensor uye inodzora H-bhiriji, mutoro wayo uri peya solenoids.
Imwe yeLM324 amplifiers, semuenzaniso, U1D, inogamuchira chiratidzo kubva kune sensor J1, mamwe maviri, U1B uye U1C, anoshanda sevatyairi veH-bhiriji rakaumbwa ne transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4. Chero bedzi iyo inoyangarara iri pakati pechikwere, iyo U1D amplifier inofanirwa kunge iri muchiyero uye maoko ese eH-bhiriji akavharwa. Pangosvika iyo inoyangarara yakananga kune imwe solenoids, iyo chiratidzo kubva kune sensor J1 inoshanduka, imwe hafu yeH-bhiriji inovhurwa, uye solenoids inokonzera yakatarisana nemagneti minda. Iyo iri pedyo nekuyangarara ngaisundire kure. uye ndeipi iri mberi - pane zvinopesana, kukwezva. Somugumisiro, kuyangarara kunodzokera kwayakabva. Kana iyo inoyangarara ichibhururuka kumashure zvakanyanya, rumwe ruoko rweH-bhiriji ruchavhurika, iyo polarity yemagetsi kupeya solenoids ichachinja, uye iyo inoyangarara ichaenda zvakare yakananga pakati.
Yechipiri diagonal pane transistors Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 inoshanda nenzira imwecheteyo. Ehe, kana iwe ukakanganisa kupetwa kwemakoiri kana kuisirwa ma sensors, zvese zvichave zvisirizvo zvachose uye mudziyo haushande.
Asi ndiani anokutadzisa kubatanidza zvese nemazvo?
Iye zvino zvatinonzwisisa dunhu remagetsi, nyaya yekugadzirisa yave yakajeka.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa kutenderera pakati, uye kuisa potentiometers R10 uye R22 kuitira kuti maoko ese maviri H-mabhiriji akavharwa. Zvakanaka, ngatiti, "gadzirisa" - Ndakatakurwa, unogona kubata iyo inoyangarara nemaoko ako, chaizvo, neruoko rumwe, uye nerumwe ruoko kumonyorora maviri-anotendeuka anopikisa. Sezvazvakazoitika, izvi zvinopikisa zvinotenderera-siyana nokuda kwechikonzero - chaizvoizvo hafu yekutendeuka pane imwe yadzo, uye kurongeka kwakarasika. Kunobva maoko angu chakavanzika, asi nekubata handina kukwanisa kuona kuchinja kwemaitiro ekuyangarara zvichienderana nenzvimbo ye potentiometer slide. Ini ndinoshinga kupa zano kuti mugadziri akasangana nematambudziko akafanana, uye nekudaro akapa maviri akadai akasvetuka pabhodhi.
Unoona majumba maviri kumusoro kuruboshwe nekurudyi here? Vanotyora dunhu pakati peviri solenoids uye H-bhiriji. Kubatsira kubva kwavari kwakapetwa kaviri: nekubvisa imwe yeanosvetuka, unogona kudzima zvachose imwe diagonal, uye nekuvhura ammeter pane imwe, unogona kuona mamiriro eH-bhiriji reimwe diagonal.
Sekuderera kwerwiyo, ndinocherechedza kuti kana maH-mabhiriji ari maviri diagonals akazaruka zvachose, ikozvino inopedzwa inogona kusvika matatu amperes. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvichave zvakaoma kuti transistor Q5 irambe iri mupenyu. Sezvineiwo, inogona kumira mutoro wakadaro kwenguva pfupi, asi iwe unofanirwa kushandura maviri-anotendeuka resistors, uye hauzive pachine nguva.
Saka kune yekutanga kuseta, ini ndinokurudzira zvakasimba kutenderera nediagonal yega yega zvakasiyana: dzima yechipiri nejumper kuitira kuti Q5 irege kuputa.
Sezvo ikozvino ichipfuura nepakati solenoids inogona kuchinja nzira, maChinese ane ammeters umo tsono inomira yakatwasuka pakati pechiyero. Uye saka vanonzwa vakanaka uye vakasununguka: vanoburitsa majumper, vanonamira ammita mumigero, uye vadzikama vatendeutsa vanopikisa kusvikira miseve yaenda ku zero.
Ini ndaifanira kusiya rimwe jumper rakavhurika, uye plug mune imwe gap yekare yeSoviet tester mune ammeter mode ine kuyerwa kwegumi amperes. Kana iyo yazvino ikave yakapesana, muyedzi akabuda zvishoma nezvishoma kuruboshwe, uye ini nemoyo murefu ndakashandura screw kusvika muyedzi adzokera ku zero. Iyi ndiyo yaive nzira chete yekuita gadziridzo dzekutanga. Zvadaro zvaive zvichikwanisika kuvhura ma diagonals uye kugadzirisa kugadzirisa, kuwana kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwekuyangarara. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzora iyo yakazara ikozvino inopedzwa nemudziyo: iyo shoma iyo. ndiko kwakaringana marongero.
Nekuda kwetsika, ndakadhinda iyo Levitron kesi pane 3D printer. Zvakazove zvisina kunaka setoyi yakapedzwa yezviuru gumi, asi ini ndaifarira hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, kwete aesthetics.
Source: www.habr.com