Nhasi chete vanhu vasina hukama hwekunze nenyika yekunze havana kunzwa nezve data hombe. PaHabrΓ©, musoro weBig Data analytics uye misoro inoenderana yakakurumbira. Asi kune vasiri nyanzvi vangada kuzvipira pakudzidza kweBig Data, hazvisi nguva dzose zvakajeka kuti nzvimbo iyi ine tarisiro ipi, uko Big Data analytics inogona kushandiswa uye izvo muongorori akanaka anogona kuvimba nazvo. Ngatiedzei kuzvinzwisisa.
Huwandu hweruzivo rwunogadzirwa nevanhu hunowedzera gore rega rega. Pakazosvika 2020, nhamba yedata yakachengetwa ichawedzera kusvika 40-44 zettabytes (1 ZB ~ 1 bhiriyoni GB). Pakazosvika 2025 - kusvika ku400 zettabytes. Saizvozvo, kubata data rakarongeka uye risina kurongeka uchishandisa matekinoroji emazuva ano inzvimbo iri kuwedzera kukosha. Makambani ese ega uye nyika dzese dzinofarira data hombe.
Nenzira, yakanga iri panguva yekukurukurirana kwehuwandu hwemashoko uye nzira dzekugadzirisa data yakagadzirwa nevanhu iyo izwi rokuti Big Data rakamuka. Zvinotendwa kuti yakatanga kutaurwa muna 2008 nemupepeti wepepanhau Nature, Clifford Lynch.
Kubva ipapo, iyo Big Data musika yanga ichiwedzera gore negore nemakumi akati wandei muzana. Uye maitiro aya, maererano nenyanzvi, achaenderera mberi. Saka, maererano nekufungidzira kwekambani muna 2021, musika mukuru wepasi rose wedata analytics uchawedzera kusvika pamadhora mabhiriyoni 67,2.
Nei tichida huru data analytics?
Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uone ruzivo rwakakosha zvakanyanya kubva kune yakarongeka kana isina kurongeka data seti. Nekuda kweizvi, bhizinesi rinogona, semuenzaniso, kuona mafambiro, kufanotaura kuita kwekugadzira uye kukwidziridza mitengo yaro. Zviri pachena kuti kuitira kuderedza mari, makambani akagadzirira kushandisa zvigadziriswe zvazvino.
Tekinoroji uye nzira dzekuongorora dzinoshandiswa kuongorora Big Data:
- Data Mining;
- crowdsourcing;
- kusanganiswa nekubatanidza data;
- kudzidza muchina;
- artificial neural network;
- kuzivikanwa kwepateni;
- predictive analytics;
- simulation modelling;
- kuongorora nzvimbo;
- ongororo yenhamba;
- kuona kwe data yekuongorora.
Big Data analytics munyika
Big data analytics ikozvino inoshandiswa neanopfuura 50% yemakambani pasi rese. Pasinei nokuti muna 2015 nhamba iyi yaingova 17%. Big Data inonyanya kushandiswa nemakambani anoshanda munzvimbo dzekufonera uye nezvemari masevhisi. Kozoitawo makambani anoita zvehutano tekinoroji. Kushandisa kudiki kweBig Data analytics mumakambani edzidzo: kazhinji, vamiriri vendima iyi vakazivisa chinangwa chavo chekushandisa tekinoroji munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
MuUnited States, Big Data analytics inoshandiswa zvakanyanya: anopfuura makumi mashanu neshanu muzana emakambani kubva kwakasiyana siyana anoshanda nehunyanzvi uhu. MuEurope neAsia, kudiwa kwe data analytics hombe hakuna kuderera - inenge 55%.
Uye zvakadii neRussia?
Sekureva kwevanoongorora IDC,. Kukura kwemusika wemhinduro dzakadai muCentral neEastern Europe kuri kuita basa, nhamba iyi inowedzera ne11% gore rega rega. Pakazosvika 2022, ichasvika madhora 5,4 bhiriyoni muhuwandu.
Nenzira dzakawanda, uku kukurumidza kukura kwemusika kunokonzerwa nekukura kwenzvimbo iyi muRussia. Muna 2018, mari kubva mukutengeswa kwemhinduro dzakakosha muRussian Federation yakasvika makumi mana muzana emari yakazara muBig Data processing tekinoroji mudunhu rese.
MuRussian Federation, makambani kubva kumabhangi uye veruzhinji zvikamu, indasitiri yekufonera uye indasitiri inopedza yakawanda paBig Data kugadzirisa.
Chii chinoitwa naBig Data Analyst uye anowana marii muRussia?
Muongorori mukuru wedata ane basa rekuongorora huwandu hwakawanda hweruzivo, ese ari maviri-akaumbwa uye asina kurongeka. Kune masangano emabhengi aya kutengeserana, kune vashandisi - kufona uye traffic, mukutengesa - kushanya kwevatengi uye kutenga. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, Big Data ongororo inotibvumira kuwana hukama pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana mu "mbishi ruzivo nhoroondo", semuenzaniso, maitiro ekugadzira kana kemikari. Kubva pane data yekuongorora, nzira itsva uye mhinduro dzinogadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana - kubva pakugadzira kusvika kumushonga.
Unyanzvi hunodiwa kune Big Data analyst:
- Iko kukwanisa kukurumidza kunzwisisa maitiro munzvimbo iyo kuongororwa kuri kuitwa, uye kunyura iwe pachako mune zvikamu zvenzvimbo yaunoda. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zvekutengesa, mafuta uye gasi indasitiri, mushonga, nezvimwe.
- Kuziva kwemaitiro ehuwandu hwekuongorora data, kuvakwa kwemasvomhu modhi (neural network, Bayesian network, clustering, regression, factor, musiyano uye correlation analysis, nezvimwewo).
- Kugona kuburitsa data kubva kwakasiyana masosi, kuishandura kuti iongororwe, uye kuiisa mune yekuongorora dhatabhesi.
- Nyanzvi muSQL.
- Kuziva Chirungu pamwero wakakwana kuverenga nyore zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi.
- Ruzivo rwePython (angangoita izvo zvekutanga), Bash (zvakaoma kwazvo kuita pasina iyo mukuita basa), uye zvakare zvinodikanwa kuziva izvo zvekutanga zveJava neScala (inoda kushandiswa nesimba kweSpark, imwe ye anonyanya kufarirwa masisitimu ekushanda nedata hombe).
- Kugona kushanda neHadoop.
Zvakanaka, yakawanda sei iyo Big Data analyst inowana?
Big Data nyanzvi dzave kushomeka; kudiwa kunodarika kupihwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti bhizinesi riri kusvika pakunzwisisa: budiriro inoda matekinoroji matsva, uye kuvandudza tekinoroji kunoda nyanzvi.
Saka, Data Scientist uye Data Analytics muUSA maererano nerecruiting agency Glassdoor. Avhareji yemuhoro yenyanzvi idzi muAmerica inotangira kubva kumadhora zviuru zana pagore.
MuRussia, nyanzvi dzekudzidzira muchina dzinogamuchira kubva ku130 kusvika ku300 zviuru zveRubles pamwedzi, huru data vaongorori - kubva 73 kusvika 200 zviuru rubles pamwedzi. Zvose zvinoenderana neruzivo uye zvikwaniriso. Hongu, kune vacancy vane mihoro yakaderera, uye vamwe vane yepamusoro. Chikumbiro chikuru chevanoongorora data muMoscow neSt. Moscow, izvo zvisingashamisi, inosvika makumi mashanu muzana emabasa anoshanda (maererano nehh.ru). Zvakawanda zvishoma zvinodiwa zviri muMinsk neKyiv. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mamwe mabasa anopa maawa anochinja uye basa riri kure. Asi kazhinji, makambani anoda nyanzvi dzinoshanda muhofisi.
Nekufamba kwenguva, isu tinogona kutarisira kuwedzera kwekuda kweBig Data analyst uye vamiriri vehukama hunyanzvi. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kushomeka kwevashandi muchikamu chehunyanzvi hakuna kubviswa. Asi, hongu, kuti uve Big Data analyst, unofanirwa kudzidza uye kushanda, uchivandudza ese ari maviri hunyanzvi akanyorwa pamusoro uye ekuwedzera. Imwe yemikana yekutanga nzira yeBig Data analyst ndeye uye edza ruoko rwako pakushanda nedata hombe.
Source: www.habr.com