Hei Habr!
Ndiani wokudzidza? Ndinofanira kuenda kunodzidzira sainzi yekombuta kana kuita mainjiniya esoftware? Iyi mibvunzo yakakosha zvikuru munguva yedu.
Uchasarudza chii?
Vanhu vachangotanga rwendo rwavo mumunda weIT uye vari kuenda kunonyoresa mune imwe yunivhesiti yehunyanzvi kana vari kungotsvaga zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa hurongwa, kazhinji vanosangana nenhamba huru yenzira. Pfungwa ndeyokuti mune imwe neimwe yeiyi nzvimbo zvidzidzo zvakafanana, kunyanya mugore re1 uye 2nd.
Kuti zvive pachena, tichakamura nzvimbo dzese mumisasa miviri - Computer Science uye Software Engineering. Musiyano wakakosha ndewekuti yekutanga nzira inoshanduka uye vanodzidza zvinhu zvakakosha zvirinani, nepo yechipiri yakanangana nehunyanzvi hunoshanda mukugadzira zvirongwa zvemusika. Chero ipi yenzvimbo idzi dzaunosarudza, iwe unozopedzisira wava programmer. Zvingangoita, iwe uchaenda kumwe kunoshanda mushure kana panguva yezvidzidzo zvako, uye chaizvo chikamu chebudiriro chauchabvumidzwa kupinda uye chaunogona kunyorera chinoona kuti ndeupi gwara raunosarudza.
Makamba ese ari maviri anovhara zvidzidzo zvakafanana mumasemesita ekutanga 2-4, senge linear algebra, karukusi, discrete mathematics, uye musiyano equation. Ese masvomhu aya anowanzo kudzidzwa mumisasa yese, asi Computer Science inowedzera imwe kosi mune discrete masvomhu uye akasiyana equation. Zvakare zvakajairika kunzvimbo dzese sumo kune general Computer Science, uye apa ndipo panotanga misiyano. Munzira yeComputer Science, vanotaura nezvemagadzirirwo ekombuta, dzidziso yekombuta algorithms, chimiro chedata uye ongororo yavo, mashandisiro anoita zvirongwa uye manyorerwo aanogona kunyorwa achishandisa madhizaini echinyakare, masisitimu ekushanda, vagadziri, zvichingodaro. Kureva kuti, nheyo huru iri kufukidzwa. Nekudaro, Software Injiniya inotaura nezve OOP dhizaini, kuyedza software, izvo zvekutanga zvemashandisirwo masisitimu, zvichingodaro. Mune mamwe mazwi, kudzidza kwehunyanzvi kuri kufukidzwa kuitira kuti mudzidzi adzidze kushandisa mhinduro dzakagadzirirwa uye, nerubatsiro rwavo, kugadzirisa akasiyana siyana matambudziko ebhizinesi. Zvose izvi zvinowanzodzidzwa mugore rokutanga rekudzidza.
Kupfuurirazve, yatove mugore rechipiri, makambi ese ari maviri anotanga kudzidza zvidzidzo zvakaita sekugadzira komputa uye masisitimu anoshanda, asi Software Engineering inodzidza zvidzidzo izvi zvakanyanya. Izvi zviri kukonzerwa nekuti vanodzidzisa vanhu vanenge vasina hukama nezvidzidzo izvi. Kutanga kubva mugore re2nd yekudzidza, Computer Science inotanga kuisa zvakanyanya kumanikidziro pa microarchitecture uye OS kernels, uye mukugadzirwa kwepurogiramu vanonyanya kusimbisa kushandiswa kwevashandisi, kuedza, kuongorora software, marudzi ose ekugadzirisa maitiro, nezvimwewo. OOP inodzidzwa mumativi ese arikudzika, sezvo iyi programming paradigm yakakurumbira mazuvano uye unongoda kuziva nezvazvo.
Gore rechitatu rekudzidza muComputer Science rakazvipira kudzidza combinatorics, cryptography, AI, izvo zvekutanga zvekuvandudza software, 3D mifananidzo uye compiler theory. Uye muSoftware Engineering vanodzidza kuchengetedza system, network neInternet, software management uye manejimendi zvakazara. Asi zvichienderana neyunivhesiti, zvidzidzo izvi nekudzika mazviri zvinogona kusiyana.
Zvichida mubvunzo mukuru wechinyorwa ichi unoramba uri mubvunzo wekuti zviri nani kuenda kupi. Zvose zvinoenderana nezvido zvako. Kana iwe uchida kuve anonyatso shanduka uye anoshanda-injiniya, saka unofanirwa kuenda kuComputer Science. Uye kana iwe uchida kubatanidza hupenyu hwako nekuvandudzwa kwesoftware uye uchikwanisa kugadzira zvirongwa zvinobatsira zvevashandisi vekupedzisira, saka Software Engineering ndeye yako chete.
Kupfupisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti muComputer Science uchadzidziswa kugadzirisa matambudziko uye nekuuya nenzira dzakanaka dzekugadzirisa matambudziko aya, uye muSoftware Engineering iwe unozoshandurwa kuita bhizinesi programmer anozokwanisa kubata mapurojekiti, vanhu uye kugadzira software yemazuva ano.
Source: www.habr.com