The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) ichabhadhara masangano matanhatu pasi peNext-Generation Nonsurgical Neurotechnology (N3) purogiramu, yakatanga kuziviswa muna March 2018. yegore. Chirongwa ichi chichabatanidza Battelle Memorial Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), Rice University neTeledyne Scientific, vane zvikwata zvavo zvesainzi nevatsvaguri mukuvandudza huropi hweviri- macomputer interfaces. DARPA inotarisira kuti matekinoroji aya mune ramangwana achabvumira vashandi vemauto vane hunyanzvi kudzora zvakananga masisitimu edziviriro ecyber uye mapoka emotokari dzemuchadenga dzisina munhu, pamwe nekudzishandisa kushanda pamwe nemakomputa masisitimu pamisheni yakaoma, yakawanda-misheni.
"DARPA iri kugadzirira remangwana umo kusanganiswa kwemaitiro asina kurongwa, huchenjeri hwekugadzira uye cyber operations zvinogona kutungamirira kumamiriro ezvinhu anoda kusarudzwa nokukurumidza kuti agadzirise zvinobudirira pasina rubatsiro rwemichina yemazuva ano," akadaro Dr. Al Emondi, chirongwa. maneja N3. "Nekugadzira inosvikika yehuropi-muchina interface isingade kuvhiyiwa kuti ishandise, DARPA inogona kupa Mauto chishandiso chinobvumira vatungamiriri vemishini kuita zvine mutsindo mumabasa ane simba anoitika nekumhanya kwewarp."
Mumakore gumi nemasere apfuura, DARPA yagara ichiratidza kuwedzera kwehunyanzvi hwekuita neurotechnologies hunovimba nemaelectrodes akaiswa pakuvhiyiwa kuti adyidzane nepakati kana peripheral nervous system. Semuenzaniso, iyo Agency yakaratidza matekinoroji akadai sekudzora pfungwa kwenhengo dzeprosthetic uye kudzoreredzwa kwekunzwa kwekubata kwevashandisi vavo, tekinoroji yekudzikisa zvisingagoneke neuropsychiatric zvirwere zvakadai sekuora mwoyo, uye nzira yekuvandudza nekudzorera chiyeuchidzo. Nekuda kwenjodzi dziripo dzekuvhiyiwa kwehuropi, matekinoroji aya kusvika parizvino ave nekushandiswa kushoma kune vanozvipira vane chinodiwa chekiriniki kwavari.
Kuti Mauto abatsirwe kubva neurotechnologies, zvisiri zvekuvhiya sarudzo dzekushandisa dzinodiwa, sezvo zviri pachena kuti panguva ino, kupindira kwekuvhiya kwevazhinji pakati pevakuru vemauto hakutaridzi sepfungwa yakanaka. Unyanzvi hwemauto hunogonawo kuunza zvikomborero zvikuru kuvanhuwo zvavo. Nekubvisa kudiwa kwekuvhiyiwa, mapurojekiti eN3 anowedzera dziva revarwere vangangove vanogona kuwana marapirwo akadai sekukurudzira kwakadzika kwehuropi kurapa zvirwere zvetsinga.
Vatori vechikamu muchirongwa cheN3 vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana mukutsvaga kwavo kuwana ruzivo kubva kuhuropi nekuridzosera kumashure. Mamwe mapurojekiti anoshandisa optics, mamwe acoustics uye electromagnetism. Zvimwe zvikwata zviri kuvandudza zvachose zvisizvo zvisingapindiki zvinosangana zvinogara zvachose kunze kwemuviri wemunhu, asi zvimwe zvikwata zviri kuongorora zvishoma zvishoma zvinoshandisa nanotransducers iyo inogona kuendeswa kwenguva pfupi isina kuvhiyiwa kuuropi kuti ivandudze kugadzirisa zviratidzo uye kunyatsoita.
- Chikwata cheBattelle chinotungamirwa naDr. Gaurav Sharma chiri kuvavarira kugadzira hurongwa hushoma hunosanganisira transceiver yekunze uye maelectromagnetic nanotransducers ayo asina kuvhiyiwa anounzwa kune neuroni dzekufarira. Nanotransducers inoshandura masaini emagetsi kubva kueuroni kuita magineti masaini anogona kurekodhwa uye kugadziridzwa nekunze transceiver, uye zvinopesana, kugonesa bidirectional kutaurirana.
- Carnegie Mellon University vatsvakurudzi, vachitungamirirwa naDr. Pulkit Grover, vane chinangwa chekugadzira chigadziro chisingaiti zvachose chinoshandisa nzira yeacousto-optic kugamuchira zviratidzo kubva muuropi nemagetsi emagetsi kuti adzorere kune chaiwo neuroni. Chikwata chichashandisa masaisai e ultrasound kuvhenekera mwenje mukati mehuropi kuona neural chiitiko. Kuendesa ruzivo kuhuropi, masayendisiti anoronga kushandisa iyo isiri mutsara mhinduro yemaneuroni kuminda yemagetsi kuti ipe kurudziro yemunharaunda yemaseru anotangwa.
- Boka riri paJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, rinotungamirirwa naDr. David Blodgett, riri kugadzira nzira isingapindiki, yakabatana yemaziso ekuverenga mashoko kubva muuropi. Iyo sisitimu inoyera shanduko mukureba kwechiratidzo chechiratidzo mune neural tishu inoenderana zvakananga nehunyanzvi hwekuita.
- Chikwata chePARC, chinotungamirwa naDr. Krishnan Thyagarajan, chine chinangwa chekugadzira isiri-invasive acoustic-magnetic mudziyo wekuendesa ruzivo kuuropi. Maitiro avo anosanganisa masaisai e Ultrasound ane magineti minda kuti abudise enzvimbo yemagetsi mafungu euromodulation. Iyo nzira yakasanganiswa inobvumira kuchinjika munzvimbo dzakadzika dzehuropi.
- Chikwata cheRice University chinotungamirwa naDr. Jacob Robinson chiri kutsvaga kugadzira diki, bidirectional neural interface. Kuti uwane ruzivo kubva kuhuropi, diffuse optical tomography ichashandiswa kuona neural chiitiko nekuyera kupararira kwechiedza muneural tissue, uye kuendesa masaini kuhuropi, timu inoronga kushandisa magineti genetic maitiro kuita kuti neurons inzwe magineti. minda.
- Chikwata cheTeledyne, chinotungamirwa naDr. Patrick Connolly, chine chinangwa chekugadzira chigadziriso chisina kuvharika chakasanganiswa chinoshandisa Optically pumped magnetometers kuona madiki, emunharaunda magineti minda inoenderana neneural chiitiko, uye inoshandisa yakanangwa ultrasound kutumira ruzivo.
Muchirongwa chese, vaongorori vanovimba neruzivo rwunopihwa nenyanzvi dzakazvimiririra dzemutemo uye dzetsika dzakabvuma kutora chikamu muN3 uye kuongorora zvingangoitwa tekinoroji nyowani kumauto nevagari vemo. Pamusoro pezvo, vatongi vemubatanidzwa vari kushandawo neDARPA kubatsira masayendisiti kuti anzwisise zviri nani uye pasi pemamiriro api maturusi avo anogona kuedzwa muvanhu.
"Kana chirongwa cheN3 chikabudirira, tichava neanopfeka neural interface masisitimu anogona kubatana neuropi kubva pamamirimita mashoma kure, kutora neurotechnology kupfuura kiriniki uye kuita kuti iwanike kuti iwanike kushandiswa kunoshanda kwezvinangwa zvekuchengetedza nyika," anodaro Emondi. "Sezvinongoita mauto ekudzivirira uye ehunyanzvi giya, mune ramangwana vanozokwanisa kuisa musoro une neural interface uye kushandisa tekinoroji nezvinangwa zvavanoda, vobva vangoisa mudziyo parutivi kana mishoni yapera. β
Source: 3dnews.ru