Movement yekusanganisira proprietary firmware mukugovera kweDebian

Steve McIntyre, akashanda semutungamiri wepurojekiti yeDebian kwemakore akati wandei, akatora danho rekufunga zvakare maitiro aDebian ekutumira proprietary firmware, iyo parizvino isingabatanidzwe mumifananidzo yekuisa zviri pamutemo uye inopihwa mune yakaparadzana isiri yemahara repository. Sekureva kwaSteve, kuyedza kuzadzisa iyo yakavhurika sosi software inokonzeresa kunetsa kusingakoshi kune vashandisi, avo muzviitiko zvakawanda vanofanirwa kuisa proprietary firmware kana vachida kuwana zvizere kushanda kwemidziyo yavo.

Proprietary firmware inoiswa mune yakaparadzana isiri-yemahara repository, pamwe nemamwe mapakeji asina kugoverwa pasi pemahara uye akavhurika marezinesi. Iyo isiri-yemahara repository haisi yepamutemo yeDebian purojekiti uye mapakeji kubva kwairi haigone kuverengerwa mukuisa uye kurarama kuvaka. Nekuda kweizvi, mifananidzo yekuisa ine proprietary firmware inounganidzwa zvakasiyana uye inoiswa sezvisina pamutemo, kunyangwe zviri pamutemo inogadzirwa uye inochengetwa neDebian purojekiti.

Nekudaro, chimwe chimiro chave kuwanikwa munharaunda, chinosanganisa chishuwo chekupa chete yakavhurika sosi software mukugovera uye kudiwa kwevashandisi ve firmware. Kune zvakare diki seti yemahara firmware, iyo inosanganisirwa mumagungano epamutemo uye huru repository, asi kune mashoma kwazvo akadaro firmware uye haana kukwana muzviitiko zvakawanda.

Iyo nzira inoshandiswa muDebian inogadzira matambudziko mazhinji, kusanganisira kusagadzikana kwevashandisi uye kutambisa zviwanikwa pakuvaka, kuyedza uye kubata zvisiri pamutemo zvinovaka neyakavharwa firmware. Iyo purojekiti inopa mifananidzo yepamutemo seyakakurudzirwa inovaka, asi izvi zvinongovhiringa vashandisi, sezvo panguva yekuisa maitiro vanosangana nematambudziko nerutsigiro rwehardware. Kushandiswa kwemagungano asina kuchena kunotungamira mukuzivikanwa kweproprietary software, sezvo mushandisi, pamwe neiyo firmware, zvakare inogamuchira yakabatana isiri-yemahara repository nemamwe asiri emahara software, nepo kana iyo firmware yakapihwa zvakasiyana, zvaizogoneka. kuita pasina kusanganisira iyo isiri-yemahara repository.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vagadziri vakawedzera kushandisa kushandisa yekunze firmware yakatakurwa neiyo inoshanda sisitimu, pane kuendesa firmware mundangariro yekusingaperi pamidziyo pachayo. Yakadaro yekunze firmware inodiwa kune akawanda emazuva ano magiraidhi, ruzha uye network adapter. Panguva imwecheteyo, mubvunzo haunzwisisike kuti firmware inogona kuverengerwa sei kune zvinodiwa pakuunzwa kwemahara software chete, nekuti mune essence firmware inoitwa pamidziyo yehardware, uye kwete muhurongwa, uye ine chekuita nemidziyo. Nekubudirira kwakafanana, makomputa emazuva ano, akashongedzerwa kunyangwe nekugovaniswa kwemahara, mhanyisa firmware yakavakirwa mumidziyo. Musiyano chete ndewekuti imwe firmware inotakurwa neiyo inoshanda sisitimu, nepo vamwe vatove kupenya muROM kana Flash memory.

Steve akaunza nhaurirano huru sarudzo shanu dzekugadzira kuendeswa kweiyo firmware muDebian, iyo yakarongwa kuisirwa vhoti huru yevagadziri:

Siya zvese sezvazviri, ipa yakavharwa firmware chete mumagungano akasiyana asina pamutemo.

Rega kupa unofficial anovaka neasina-yemahara firmware uye kuunza kugovera kunoenderana neiyo ideology yeprojekiti kupa chete yemahara software.

Shandura magungano asina pamutemo ane firmware kuita epamutemo uye ugoapa iwo akafanana uye munzvimbo imwechete nemagungano anosanganisira chete emahara software, izvo zvinorerutsa kutsvaga kwemushandisi kweiyo firmware inodiwa.

Sanganisira proprietary firmware mumagungano akajairwa ehurumende uye ramba kupa magungano ega ega. Iyo yakaderera kune iyi nzira ndeyekubatanidzwa kweiyo isiri-yemahara repository nekukasira.

Iparadzanisa proprietary firmware kubva kune isiri-yemahara repository mune yakaparadzana isiri-yemahara-firmware chikamu uye iendese mune imwe repository iyo isingade activation yeiyo isiri-yemahara repository. Wedzera kusarudzika kumitemo yeprojekiti inobvumira kuisirwa kwechinhu chisiri chemahara-firmware chikamu mumagungano ekuisa akajairika. Nokudaro, zvichave zvichiita kuramba kugadzira magungano akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira firmware mumagungano akajairwa uye kwete kumisa iyo isiri-yemahara repository yevashandisi.

Steve pachake anotsigira kugamuchirwa kwechishanu, izvo zvinozobvumira kuti chirongwa chirege kutsauka zvakanyanya kubva pakusimudzira software yemahara, asi panguva imwechete ita kuti chigadzirwa chive chakanakira uye chinobatsira vashandisi. Iyo yekuisa inopa mutsauko wakajeka pakati pemahara uye isiri-yemahara firmware, ichibvumira mushandisi kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo uye kuzivisa mushandisi kana iripo yemahara firmware inotsigira yazvino hardware uye kana paine mapurojekiti ekugadzira yemahara firmware yemidziyo iripo. Padanho rebhutsu, zvakarongwawo kuwedzera marongero ekudzima pasuru ine isiri-yemahara firmware.

Source: opennet.ru