Nguva yekupedzisira isu murabhoritari yezvigadzirwa zveoptoelectronic. ITMO University's Museum of Optics - kuratidzwa kwayo uye kuisirwa - ndiyo musoro wenyaya yanhasi.
Attention: kune akawanda mafoto pasi pekuchekwa.
Iyo museum haina kuvakwa ipapo ipapo
ndiyo yekutanga interactive museum ... ndiye muchivako paVasilievsky Island, uko State Optical Institute yaimbovapo. Nhoroondo yemuseum muna 2007, apo kudzorerwa kwezvivako paBirzhevaya Line kwaiitika. Vashandi veyunivhesiti vakatarisana nemubvunzo: chii chekuisa munzvimbo pauriri hwekutanga.
Panguva iyoyo gwara rakanga richikura edutainment ΠΈ , purofesa paFaculty of Physics and Technology, akakurudzira kuti Rector Vladimir Vasiliev agadzire chiratidziro chaizoratidza vana kuti optics inofadza. Pakutanga, iyo museum yakabatsira Yunivhesiti kugadzirisa nyaya yekutungamira basa uye kukwezva vana vechikoro kuhunyanzvi hwekuita. Pakutanga, nzendo dzeboka chete dzaiitwa nekugadzwa, kunyanya kumagiredhi 8-11.
Gare gare, timu yemuseum yakasarudza kuronga ratidziro huru yakakurumbira yesainzi, Mashiripiti eChiedza, kune wese munhu. Yakatanga kuvhurwa muna 2015 panzvimbo inopfuura chiuru mativi emamita. mamita.
Museum exposition: dzidzo uye nhoroondo
Chikamu chekutanga chechiratidziro chinosuma vashanyi kunhoroondo ye optics uye inotaura nezve kuvandudzwa kwemazuva ano holographic tekinoroji. Holography tekinoroji inobvumidza iwe kuburitsa matatu-dimensional mifananidzo yezvinhu zvakasiyana. Pachiratidziro unogona kuona firimu pfupi rekudzidzisa richitaura nezve hunhu hwemuviri hwechiitiko.
Chinhu chekutanga vashanyi vanoona matafura maviri pane anonyomba eiyo hologram yekurekodha wedunhu. Mienzaniso yakasarudzwa idiki yechivako chaPeter I pabhiza uye chidhori che matryoshka.
Ne green laser - classic , nerubatsiro rweiyo masayendisiti akawana yekutanga kutumira volumetric hologram muna 1962.
Iine tsvuku tsvuku - mufananidzo nemusayendisiti weRussia Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk. Laser haidiwi kuti utarise holograms dzakadaro. Zvinoonekwa muchiedza chichena chakajairika. Chikamu chakakosha chekuratidzira chakatsaurirwa kune holographic chikamu. Mushure mezvose, maiva muchivako ichi umo Yu. N. Denisyuk akawana zvaakawana uye akaunganidza kugadzwa kwake kwekutanga kwekurekodha holograms.
Nhasi chirongwa cheDenisyuk chinoshandiswa pasi rose. Nerubatsiro rwayo, analog holograms dzakarekodhwa izvo zvisingaoneki kubva kune chaiwo zvinhu - "optoclones". Muhoro yekutanga yemu museum mune mabhokisi ane mazai eIsita akakurumbira aCarl Faberge uye pfuma ye Diamond Fund.
Mumufananidzo: holographic makopi "Β»,Β«"uye zvekushongedza"Β»
Pamusoro peanalogues, museum yedu zvakare ine digital holograms. Iwo akagadzirwa achishandisa 3D modelling zvirongwa uye laser tekinoroji. Kubva pamifananidzo yechinhu kana vhidhiyo (iyo inogona kutorwa uchishandisa drones), muenzaniso wayo unogadzirwa pakombuta. Zvadaro, inoshandurwa kuita nzira yekukanganisa uye yoendeswa kune firimu repolymer uchishandisa laser.
Mahologiramu akadaro anodhindwa achishandisa akakosha holoprinters achishandisa lasers yebhuruu, tsvuku uye girinhi mavara (pane zvishoma nezvebasa ravo. ).
Pakati pema digital holograms emu museum yakagadzirwa neboka reYunivhesiti, munhu anogona kuona mienzaniso yeAlexander Nevsky Lavra uye Naval Cathedral muKronstadt.
Digital holograms inouyawo mumhando ina-makona-iyo inosanganisira mifananidzo mina yakasiyana. Kana iwe ukafamba-famba hologram yakadaro, mifananidzo inotanga kuchinja.
Kusvika pari zvino, nzira iyi yekurekodha hologram haisati yawana kushandiswa kwakapararira nekuda kwekudhura kwemichina yekudhinda. Iko hakuna holoprinters muRussia, saka Museum yedu inoratidza holograms yakagadzirwa muAmerica neLatvia, semuenzaniso mepu yeGomo reAthos.
Mumufananidzo: Mepu yeGomo reAthos
Imba yechipiri yemuseum zvakare yakatsaurirwa chikamu kune holography. Kuonekwa kwayo kwakawanda kunoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pasi apa.
Mumufananidzo: Horo ine holograms
Imba iyi inoratidza "holographic portrait" yaAlexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Iyi ndiyo imwe yehologiramu huru pane girazi, uye maererano nechiyero chayo ndiye mutungamiri pakati peanalog holograms.
Kune zvakare kumira kune holographic mufananidzo weYu.N. Denisyuk ane nyaya yehupenyu hwemusayendisiti uye kuwanikwa kwake. Kune hologram ine mafuremu eposter yefirimu "I Am Legend".
Imba iyi ine holograms yezvinhu kubva kumamyuziyamu akasiyana pasirese, semuenzaniso kubva kuRussian Museum yeEthnography.
Kuruboshwe kwekuputika kwePushkin kune mwenje wakaiswa mune yakajeka kesi. Kunyangwe ichi chiratidziro chichiita kunge mwenje chete pakutanga kuona. Mukati maro mune impeller ine machena uye madema blades. Kana iwe ukabatidza chitarisiko uye uchivhenekera pane impeller, inozotanga kutenderera.
Chiratidziro chacho chinonzi Crookes Radiometer.
Rimwe nerimwe remashizha mana rine rima uye chiedza. Rima - rinopisa kupfuura chiedza (nekuda kwehunhu hwekunyudza chiedza). Naizvozvo, mamorekuru egasi ari muflask anobvongodza padivi rakasviba reblade nekumhanya kwakanyanya kupfuura kubva kudivi rechiedza. Nekuda kweizvi, blade yakatarisana nemwenje sosi nedivi rakasviba inogamuchira kukuru.
Chikamu chechipiri chehoro chakatsaurirwa kunhoroondo ye optics: kuvandudzwa kwemifananidzo uye kugadzirwa kwemagirazi, nhoroondo yekuonekwa kwezvioni uye marambi.
Pakumira unogona kuwana nhamba huru yezviridzwa zvakasiyana-siyana: microscopes, "", makamera ekare uye magirazi ekare. Munguva yekushanya iwe unogona kudzidza nhoroondo yekuonekwa kwemagirazi ekutanga akaitwa obsidian, bronze uye, pakupedzisira, girazi. Iyo yekuratidzira kesi ine chaiyo Venetian convex girazi, yakagadzirwa uchishandisa XNUMXth-muzana ramakore tekinoroji. Uye ndarira ye "magic mirror" (kana iwe ukainongedzera kune zuva, uye "bunny" inoratidzwa pamadziro machena, ipapo mufananidzo unobva kumashure kwegirazi uchaonekwa pairi).
Mukamuri rimwe chete mune muunganidzwa wemakamera. Chiratidziro chinoita kuti zvikwanise kutevera kukura kwavo kubva - tateguru wekamera - kusvika nhasi.
Mumufananidzo: Kuunganidzwa kwekamera
Makesi ekuratidzira aigara makamera ane mabhero anopeta uye makopi ePontiac MFAP, yakagadzirwa kubva 1941 kusvika 1948, uye AGFA BILLY kubva 1928. Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvinoratidzwa iwe unogona kuwana ""ndiyo yekutanga yeSoviet yakakura-scale kamera, yakagadzirwa pahwaro hwemhando dzakabudirira kwazvo dzekuMadokero. MuUSSR yakabudiswa kusvika 1941.
Mumufananidzo: Kupeta kamera "Β»
Kana iwe ukaenda kune inotevera horo yemu museum, iwe unogona kuona monumental chiedza uye mimhanzi nhengo. "Chishandiso" chine magirazi 144 akakosha emhando dzakasiyana uye mhando - . Iko hakuna muunganidzwa wakadaro chero kupi zvako pasirese maererano nehukuru hwegirazi block uye kukwana kwekuratidzira. Yakatanga kuunganidzwa kumashure muUSSR kuitira kuti ienderere mberi kubudirira kwesainzi paState Optical Institute, iyo yakagadzira tekinoroji yekugadzira girazi risingachinjiki.
Iye zvino pasi pebhokisi rimwe nerimwe regirazi pane mutsara we LED. Mitsetse iyi inodzorwa nevatongi uye hub yakabatana nekombuta yako. Kana iwe ukaridza rwiyo paPC, nhengo inotanga kupenya nemavara akasiyana zvichienderana nekiyi uye kukwirira kwenzwi. Iyo purogiramu ine masere algorithms ekushandura ruzha kuita ruvara. Iwe unogona kuongorora kushanda kwehurongwa mune izvi .
Kuenderera mberi kwechiratidziro: chikamu chinopindirana
Mushure mekuunganidzwa kwegirazi regirazi rinouya chikamu chechipiri chekuratidzira - iyo inopindirana. Zvizhinji zvezviratidziro pano zvinogona uye zvinofanirwa kubatwa. Chikamu chinopindirana chinotanga nekudzidza nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwecinema uye 3D chiono.
, , phonotropes - kupa pfungwa yekuti masayendisiti akadzidza sei maitiro ekuona uye kugadzirisa ruzivo. Iwe unogona kuona muenzaniso wephonotrope mumufananidzo uri pasi apa. Nheyo yekushanda inobva pane inertia yekuona. Izvo zvatisingaone neziso, sezvo mufananidzo wacho wakasviba, unonyatso kuoneka kuburikidza neiyo smartphone kamera.
Mumufananidzo: phonotrope - analogue yemazuva ano ye zoetrope
Mufananidzo: Optical illusion
Yazvino 3D bhaisikopo ine midzi yayo muzana ramakore rechi 3- stereoscope ine pre-revolutionary makadhi inogona kukubatsira kuti uone izvi. Kune zvakare XNUMXD skrini yakaiswa, iyo isingade yakakosha magirazi kuti uone mufananidzo.
Mumufananidzo: yekare stereoscope kubva muna 1901
Muhoro yekuratidzira mune tafura ine vatongi vezvinyorwa nezvimwe zvinhu zviri pachena. Kana ukadzitarisa kuburikidza nemasefa chaiwo, dzinotungira nemavara ese emurarabungu. Chiitiko ichi chinonzi .
Ichi chiitiko apo, pasi pesimba remagetsi kushushikana, miviri inowana kaviri refraction (nekuda kwekusiyana refractive index yechiedza). Ndosaka mapatani emurarabungu achionekwa. Nenzira, iyi nzira inoshandiswa kutarisa mitoro mukuvakwa kwemabhiriji uye ma implants.
Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza imwe chena inopenya skrini. Kana iwe ukaitarisa kuburikidza nemasefa akakosha, mufananidzo weshato ine ruvara ichaonekwa pairi.
ITMO University inowanzoita mapurojekiti akabatana nevatambi vanoratidza mabasa avo mumuseum. Semuyenzaniso, mune imwe yedzimba dzinodyidzana mune yekumisikidzwa kwe LED ""(Wave) mhedzisiro ye"kubatana" kwenyanzvi dzeyunivhesiti uye timu yepurojekiti yeSonicology. Ideologist yepurojekiti iyi aive muimbi wenhau uye muimbi Taras Mashtalir.
Iyo Wave art chinhu chivezwa chemamita maviri icho, chichishandisa ma sensors ekufamba, "chinoverenga" maitiro evaoni uye chinoburitsa chiedza nemimhanzi.
Mufananidzo: Wave LED kuiswa
Imba inotevera yezviratidziro ine magirazi ekufungidzira. Anamorphoses "decipher" mifananidzo inoshamisa uye inovashandura kuva mifananidzo inonzwisisika.
Inotevera imba ine rima ine marambi eplasma. Unogona kuvabata.
Iwe unogona kudhirowa pamadziro kurudyi rwemarambi netochi; ine yakakosha jasi yakaiswa pairi. Uye madziro akatarisana haatore chiedza, asi anoaratidza. Kana iwe ukatora mufananidzo uchipesana nemashure ayo nemwenje, iwe unongowana mumvuri pane kamera skrini.
Iyo peultimate horo yekuratidzira ndiyo ultraviolet kamuri. Kwakasviba uye kuzere nenhamba huru yezvinhu zvinopenya. Semuenzaniso, kune "inopenya" mepu yeRussia.
Mumufananidzo: Mepu yeRussia yakapendwa ne luminescent pendi
Chiratidziro chekupedzisira "Magic Forest". Iyi ihoro yemagirazi ane shinda dzinopenya.
Mumufananidzo: "Magic Forest"
"Kusvikira kusingaperi nekupfuura"
Zuva rega rega, vashandi vemumuseum vanoshanda pane zvitsva zvinoratidzwa uye vanovandudza zviripo. Kushanya kunotanga maminitsi makumi maviri ega ega. Akatevedzana makirasi echidzidzo evana vechikoro anovabvumirawo kuti vagone kosi yechikoro optics mune inonakidza uye inonzwisisika fomati.
Mune ramangwana, tinoronga kuwedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvinodyidzana zvehunyanzvi mumuseum, pamwe nekuita hurukuro dzakawanda uye maworkshop pahwaro hwayo. Pachave zvakare nenzvimbo yeVR ine zvigadziriso kubva kuITMO University chirongwa "".
Tinovimba kuti kuchave nemamwe mapurojekiti anodyidzana uye ekudzidzisa akadai, uye Museum of Optics paITMO University ichava nzvimbo yekuratidzira yevanyori venhau kubva pasirese.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa kubva kublog yedu paHabrΓ©:
Source: www.habr.com