Nei tichida mijaho yemotokari? Nekusafungira kwavo, kurwa kwakanyanya kwevatyairi vendege, kumhanya kwepamusoro uye kutsiva nekukasira kwekukanganisa kudiki. Chinhu chevanhu mukumhanya chinoreva zvakawanda. Asi chii chinoitika kana vanhu vakatsiviwa nesoftware? Varongi veFormula E neBritish venture capital fund Kinetik, yakagadzirwa neyaimbova mukuru weRussia Denis Sverdlov, vane chivimbo chekuti chimwe chinhu chakakosha chichabuda. Uye vane chikonzero chiri chose chokutaura ikoku.
Verenga zvakawanda nezve kumhanya mota dzemagetsi dzakashongedzerwa nehungwaru hwekugadzira mune inotevera chinyorwa kubva Cloud4Y.
Musoro wemujaho wemotokari usingatyairi wakatanga kukurukurwa zvakadzama muna 2015 nekuda kwekubudirira kweFormula E. Motokari dzemagetsi chete dzinotenderwa kushandiswa mumakwikwi aya emujaho. Asi makambani akafunga kuenda mberi, achiisa pamberi zvinodiwa kuti mota dzizvimirire. Chinangwa chavo ndechekuratidza kugona kweAI uye marobhoti mumitambo, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva.
Pfungwa yekubata makwikwi nekutora chikamu kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzinozvimiririra yakatsigirwa nekambani. (chimwe chezvikamu zvaro mutengi , ndicho chikonzero takasarudza kunyora chinyorwa ichi). Zvakabva zvasarudzwa kuti zvikwata zvese zvaizoshandisa chasi imwe chete uye kutapurirana.
Mira, chii?
Zvinoitika here kuti mota imwe neimwe ichave neyakafanana hunhu uye pasina humwe humwe ruzivo? Chii chiri chinangwa chaRoborace ipapo?
Iyo intrigue haisi muhunyanzvi hunhu, asi mune algorithms yekufambisa mota munzira huru. Matimu achafanirwa kuvandudza yavo chaiyo-nguva computing algorithms uye artificial intelligence matekinoroji. Ndokureva kuti, kuedza kukuru kuchave kwakanangana nekugadzira software iyo inotarisisa maitiro emotokari yemujaho panjanji.
Muchokwadi, mashandiro anoita zvikwata zveRoborace haana kunyanya kusiyana neachivanhu "munhu". Vanongodzidzisa kwete mutyairi, asi hungwaru hwekugadzira. Zvichanyanya kunakidza kuona kuti zvikwata zvichatarisana sei nemamiriro ekunze akaipa uye kudzidza kudzivirira kubondera. Chikamu chekupedzisira chinonyanya kukosha muchiedza chekupedzisira dambudziko naAntoine Hubert. Nechepfungwa, tekinoroji yekufambisa "smart" inogona kuendeswa kumotokari dzinofambiswa nevanhu.
Roborace mujaho
Kuedza kunotanga kweRoborace, yakarongerwa mwaka we2016-2017, yaifanira kumbomiswa nekuda kwehunyanzvi husina kukwana. Pakuratidzwa kweParis ePrix mukutanga kwe2017, vagadziri vakatanga kuburitsa inoshanda RoboCar prototype panjanji, uye ipapo mota yakafamba zvishoma zvishoma kupfuura munhu anofamba netsoka. Uye pakupera kwegore, sechikamu cheRoborace chirongwa, akati wandei ekuratidzira mota dzeDevBot dzakaitwa pamberi peFormula E mijaho.
Mujaho wekutanga, umo motokari mbiri dzinozvityaira dzakatora chikamu, yakaitika muBuenos Aires uye yakaguma mutsaona apo drone ye "catching up" yakapinda mukutendeuka kwakanyanyisa, yakabhururuka kubva panjanji ndokuwira muchipingamupinyi.
Paiva nechimwe chiitiko chinosetsa: imbwa yakamhanyira munjanji. Zvakadaro, mota yakahwina mujaho yakakwanisa kuiona, uye tenderera. Mujaho uyu watova nawo pana HabrΓ©. Zvisinei, kukundikana kwakangotsamwisa vagadziri: zvisinei vakasarudza kubata shasha yekutanga yemotokari dzemujaho dzisina munhu - Roborace Season Alpha.
Zvinonakidza kuti mutsauko munguva yekupedzisa nzira pakati pemunhu neAI i10-20%, uye ndicho chirongwa chinosara kumashure. Chikamu cheizvi chikonzero chekuchengeteka. PaFormula E tracks pane zvipingamupinyi zvekongiri painotungamirwa nevatyairi vendege nema lidar. Asi munhu anogona kuzviisa pangozi ofamba pedyo navo kana achinzwa motokari zvakanaka. AI handisati ndagona kudaro. Kana maverengero ekombuta akave asina kunaka kunyangwe masendimita, mota inobhururuka ichibva panjanji yogogodza vhiri.
Izvo zvinorongwa nevarongi. Mukwikwidzi uyu uchasanganisira nhanho gumi pamatanho emumugwagwa mamwechete semuFormula E. Zvikwata zvishoma zve10 zvinofanirwa kutora chikamu munhangemutange, imwe yacho ichagadzirwa pachishandiswa crowdsourcing. Chikwata chega chega chichava nemota mbiri (yakafanana, sezvaunorangarira). Nguva yenhangemutange inenge awa imwe chete.
Chii chiripo manje. Zvikwata zvitatu zvakagadzirira kutora chikamu mujaho kusvika parizvino: Kusvika, Technical University yeMunich uye University of Pisa. Rimwe zuva uye Graz Technical University. Zviitiko zvacho hazvisi kutepfenyurwa live, asi zvinorekodhwa uye kutumirwa paYouTube sezvikamu zvipfupi. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoburitswa pa .
Motokari muRoborace
Chokwadi uri kushamisika kuti ndiani akauya nedhizaini yemotokari dzemagetsi dzinozvimiririra uye kuti ndeapi maitiro ehunyanzvi. Tinopindura zvakarongeka. Mota yekutanga yepasi rose yakavakirwa kuzvitonga, RoboCar, yakagadzirwa naDaniel Simon, mugadziri akatanga basa rake muhumambo hweVolkswagen, achishandira Audi, Bentley neBugatti. Kwemakore gumi apfuura anga achishanda basa rake, achigadzira mavheti emota dzeFormula 1 uye achishanda sechipangamazano weDisney. Iwe wakamboona basa rake: Simon akagadzira mota dzemafirimu akadai saPrometheus, Captain America, Oblivion naTron: Legacy.
Iyo chassis yaive yakaita se teardrop, iyo yakavandudza aerodynamic kushanda kwemotokari. Motokari inorema inosvika 1350 kg, kureba kwayo 4,8 m, yakafara mamita 2. Yakagadzirirwa ina 135 kW magetsi emagetsi anobudisa zvinopfuura 500 hp, uye anoshandisa bhatiri re 840 V. Nekufamba, optical systems, radars, lidars uye ultrasonic sensors. RoboCar inomhanyisa kusvika 300 km/h.
Gare gare, zvichibva pamotokari iyi, imwe itsva yakagadzirwa, inonzi DevBot. Iyo yaisanganisira zvakafanana zvemukati zvemukati (mabhatiri, mota, zvemagetsi) seRoboCar, asi yaive yakavakirwa paGinetta LMP3 chassis.
Iyo DevBot 2.0 mota yakagadzirwa zvakare. Inoshandisa tekinoroji yakafanana neRoboCar/DevBot, uye shanduko huru dziri kufambisa dhiraivha kune yekumashure ekisero chete, nzvimbo yepasi yekutyaira nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, uye tsika inoumbwa muviri.
βMira, mira, mira,β unodaro. βTiri kutaura nezvemotokari dzinozvimiririra. Mutyairi wendege akabva kupi? Hongu, imwe yemhando yeDevBot inosanganisira chigaro chemunhu, asi motokari dzose dzakasununguka zvachose, saka dzinogona kufamba mumugwagwa mukuru pasina iyo. Parizvino, DevBot 2.0 mota dziri kutora chikamu mujaho. Vanokwanisa kumhanyisa kusvika ku320 km/h uye vane injini yakanaka kwazvo ine simba re300 kilowatts. Nekufamba uye kutarisisa munzira, imwe neimwe DevBot 2.0 yakagamuchira 5 lidars, 2 radars, 18 ultrasonic sensors, GNSS satellite navigation system, 6 kamera, 2 optical speed sensors. Zviyero zvemotokari hazvina kuchinja, asi uremu hwakaderera kusvika 975 kilogram.
Iyo Nvidia Drive PX2 processor ine simba re8 teraflops ine basa rekugadzirisa data uye kutonga kwemotokari. Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi zvakaenzana ne160 laptops. Bryn Balcomb, director of Strategic Development (CSO) weRoborace, akacherekedza chimwe chinonakidza hunyanzvi hwemuchina: iyo GNSS system, inova fiber-optic gyroscope. Yakarurama zvokuti kunyange mauto anogona kufarira. Nekuti tekinoroji yekutungamidza mota yakanyatsofanana neyekutungamira system yemakomba. Iwe unogona kutaura kuti DevBot iroketi rinozvimiririra rine mavhiri.
Chii chiri kuitika manje
Mujaho wekutanga weRoborace Season Alpha wakaitika padunhu reMonteblanco. Zvikwata zviviri zvakasangana ipapo - timu kubva kuTechnical University yeMunich uye Team Kusvika. Mujaho uyu waisanganisira 8 laps kutenderera track. Zvakare, zvirambidzo zvakaiswa pakupfuura uye kufambisa kuitira kudzikisa njodzi yetsaona uye kuyedza iyo AI algorithms. Mujaho uyu wakaitika manheru kuti uwedzere kujeka uye kuve nemavara.
Kupedzwa kwakabudirira kwemujaho uyu kwakaziviswa naLucas di Grassi, mutyairi weAudi Sport ABT Formula E uye aimbove mutyairi wechikwata cheMhandara F1, ari zvakare CEO weRoborace. Sekuona kwake, mota dzisina mutyairi dzichagadzira mamwe makwikwi muindasitiri yemujaho. βHapana achataura kuti Deep Blue yakakunda Garry Kasparov, uye isu takarasikirwa nekufarira mitambo yechess. Vanhu vachagara vachikwikwidza. Isu tiri kungogadzira tekinoroji," akadaro di Grassi.
Sezvineiwo, vamwe vanogadzira vaive neruoko mukugadzira Roborace vanobvumira mukana we "kuendesa hunhu" hwevakakurumbira F-1 mujaho muAI. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana iwe ukaisa mudhatabhesi mijaho yese nekutora chikamu kwemumwe mutyairi, unogona kudzoreredza maitiro ake ekutyaira. Uye muzviberekezve munhangemutange. Ehe, izvi zvinogona kuda rimwe simba, refu cloud computing, uye yakawanda yekuedza. Asi pakupedzisira, Michael Schumacher, Ayrton Senna, Alain Prost naNiki Lauda vachasangana panzira imwe chete. Iwe unogona zvakare kuwedzera Juan Pablo Montoya, Eddie Irvine, Emerson Fittipaldi, Nelson Pique kwavari. Ndaizozvitarisa. Uye newe?
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Nyorera kune yedu -chiteshi kuti usapotsa chinyorwa chinotevera! Isu tinonyora kwete kanopfuura kaviri pavhiki uye chete pabhizinesi.
Source: www.habr.com