В nezveSpain, ndakataura nezvemagetsi ekufambisa midziyo yeyacht yekufamba kwegungwa. Mumwe wevaverengi akati: “Zvinofadza zvikuru maitirwo anoitwa izvi zvose zvakakomba, pakufamba mugungwa.”
Ndichaedza kukuudza kuti midziyo yemagetsi yaive payacht yangu uye kuti yakabatana sei. Pfungwa huru yeyacht, mumaonero angu, ndiyo yakakwira tekinoroji yemazuva ano inodiwa kuti urarame muzvinhu zvechisikigo. Chinhu chakadaro idutu, mhepo ine simba, mvura, kutonhora, hunyoro, kana zvese izvi zvakabatanidzwa. Naizvozvo, kunze kweiyo yacht kunofanirwa kuve kwakakasharara uye kwakasimba zvakakwana kuti imirire zvinhu, uye mukati mayo munofanirwa kuve wakasununguka kuti munhu awane uye adzore uye aite sarudzo dzakanaka panguva yekuyedzwa kwezvisikwa.
Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza pamusoro pemast. Isati yaiswa mast pane yacht, iyo, sekutonga, yakatotangwa, zvese zvinodiwa zvinoiswa pasi pasi pamatanda uye mukati meiyo mast.
Mukati meseti, panowanzove netambo dzemagetsi emagetsi ekumhanya kumusoro kweiyo mast uye chiratidzo cheanchor; mune yekuisa antenna yeVHF - tambo yeantenna, tambo kubva kuchiteshi chemamiriro ekunze. Mast yangu yaingove nechiratidzo uye mwenje wekumhanya, uye VHF neGPS antennas aive ari panjanji kuseri kweyacht. Inoshanda radar inoratidzira uye radar antennas pachawo ane tambo dzinoenderana mukati me mast akaiswawo pane mast.
Electrical power system
Solar panels inowanzowanikwa pamusoro pehodhi yekupfapfaidza (iyo diki pamusoro pemusuwo we wheelhouse) kana pane aft superstructure.
Makoji ekuseri pasi pezvigaro zvevatyairi ane mabhatiri. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, aviation Lithium iron phosphate mabhatiri (LiFePO4, LFP) ave akakurumbira pakati peyachtsmen. Ivo vane capacious zvikuru uye vakareruka. Saizvozvo, kune solar panel controller uye bhatiri yekuchaja controller. Kune zvakare inverter kubva ku12 volts ye-on-board magetsi emagetsi kusvika ku19 volts yekubatanidza laptop uye fodya yemagetsi emagetsi senge mumotokari.
Kune yakavakirwa-mukati 220 volt shore simba system. Iyo ine mafizi anopisa, zvigadziko zvenguva dzose, uye tambo dzekuwedzera dzine marudzi maviri emapulagi epasirese, ayo anonyanya kufarirwa pakubatanidza yacht kune magetsi emagetsi mumarina (munzvimbo yekupaka). Kune yakajairika yemagetsi bhatiri charger kubva kumahombekombe simba.
Injini yedhiziri yakamira kazhinji ine jenareta remagetsi rakaiswa. Pamhando dzekare dzeinjini, inosanganiswa nemagetsi ekutanga injini.
Dzimwe nguva majenareta emhepo anoiswa pamayacht kana paine makore (solar panels haishande mumamiriro ekunze akadaro) kana kusavapo kana kuparara kwejenareta redhiziri.
Zvishandiso zvinokubatsira kufamba
Chishandiso chinonyanya kukosha kune skipper muwani wehove. Ichi chishandiso chinoratidza munguva chaiyo pane yemvura crystal skrini chinhambwe chaicho kubva kufin yeyacht kusvika pasi.
Iyo Doppler hydroacoustic log kana kumberi-inotarisa echo sounder inogona kuratidza pachiratidziro kwete chete mhedziso yekumhanya kwechikepe inoenderana nepasi, asiwo maficha enzvimbo pamberi peuta hweyacht. Haasi ese mayacht ane mudziyo uyu. Kunyanya, inogona kuratidza hove, ma dolphin uye whales zvakananga pazasi peyacht pane yekutarisa skrini.
Mayacht echikuru anowanzo aine danda remagetsi. Muchokwadi, inongova impeller, iyo michinjiro inoverengerwa uchishandisa electromagnetic sensor.
Kune kambasi yemagineti ine mwenje wemagetsi.
Chiteshi chemamiriro ekunze chinosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe midziyo, anemometer yekuyera kumhanya kwemhepo. Chiteshi chinokutendera kurekodha mafambiro emhepo azvino uye kudzvanywa kwemhepo.
Iko kune zvakare emergency navigation chishandiso nenyeredzi - sextant. Asi ikozvino vashoma chete veyachtsmen vanoziva mashandisirwo ayo. Sezvo mudziyo uyu wakabudirira kutsiva GPS inogamuchira. Uye panzvimbo yekukurumidzira sextant, vanotora spare manual GPS pamabhatiri. Iyo laptop inoda USB GPS. Iko hakuna kumbove yakawandisa GPS pane yacht :)
Radar mudziyo unoratidza zvipingamupinyi mukati memakiromita ezviuru zvemamita, asi panguva yakaipa yemamiriro ekunze nemvura inonaya kuoneka kwayo kunosiya zvakanyanya kudiwa. Iyewo haaoni ngarava dzinouya seri kwedombo kana cape.
Vanhu vakawanda vari kushandisa AIS pagungwa. Iyo otomatiki yekuzivisa sisitimu idhijitari iyo, kuburikidza neredhiyo chiteshi, inotsinhana makongiresi uye makosi ezvikepe mukati meradius ye3-4 mamaira, zvichienderana nesimba revanotumira. Ichi chishandiso hachina kuipa kweradar, asi chete kana mabhoti ese ari kuuya ane mudziyo wakafanana. Izvo zvisingawanzo kuitika. Kaputeni anogonawo kudzima simba remuchina uyu.
Espot uye EPIRB (Emergency Position Inoratidza Radio Beacon) pamwe nesetiraiti foni inobvumidza iwe kuendesa ruzivo nezve chinzvimbo cheyacht kuburikidza nemasatelliti ari kure nemahombekombe kuenda kunzvimbo yekununura kana kungoenda kuInternet. .
Uye pakupedzisira, nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekuwana marongero uye mamiriro ekunze mugungwa nhepfenyuro yeVHF. Iwe unofanirwa kumirira chikepe chinopfuura kuti chioneke mundima yekuona uye kukumbira ruzivo rwunodiwa kuburikidza neredhiyo. Kazhinji uku ndiko kufanotaura kwemamiriro ekunze kweramangwana riri pedyo uye kurongeka kwazvino.
Nezvekunyanyisa mamiriro
Kana chronometer yengarava isipo kana kuputsika, unogona zvakare kukumbira nguva chaiyo kuburikidza neredhiyo. Asi nenharembozha yemazuva ano yakachajwa, anenge hapana ane chido chakadaro zvakare.
Mazwi mashoma nezve chronometer yechikepe. Kazhinji aya mawachi emuchina kana equartz ane mafambiro chaiwo, anoiswa mumudziyo usingapindi mvura wakagadzirwa negirazi nemhangura. Zvese izvi zvakagadzirirwa nyaya yekuti mudziyo uri mumvura kwenguva pfupi kana, Mwari ngaasadaro, iyo yacht yakatenderedza zvachose kutenderedza axis yayo yakareba (overkill). Munguva yekudarika, mayacht emazuva ano anowanzo rasikirwa nemast.
Mamiriro akareruka nekurasikirwa kwekugadzikana kweyacht kuri kubhuroka. Pazvinenge zvichiita sekuti, pasi pesimba remafungu nemhepo, yacht yakaisa zvachose mast pamvura, asi zvakadaro, nekuda kweballast uye kuenzana kwemasimba, inomira pane imwe keel.
Navigation zvishandiso uye machati anoronga
Ini ndinoda zvese nezve chart plotters ye2000 euros, kunze kwemutengo. Kana iwe ukasafunga nezvemidziyo inodhura, saka kune dzinoverengeka sarudzo dzekushongedza chikepe nenzira yakafanana, asi yakachipa.
Sarudzo yekutanga kutenga yakashandiswa isina mvura uye yakaoma Panasonic Toughpad FZ-M1 kana piritsi rakafanana (). . Uye isa yacht navigation OSS chirongwa pane iyi piritsi uye mamwe machati ekare emagetsi nautical. Kana, izvo zviri nani, tenga zviri pamutemo mamepu edunhu rauri kuita shanduko. Zvisinei, mamepu enyika yose asi ane makore gumi anobatsirawo kuva nawo. Ruzivo rwekutanga ipapo runoramba rwune chekuita nekufamba.
Pane imwe yakachipa sarudzo. Nyowani Ricebury Pie 4 ine OpenCPN (kana izvi asi iwe uchiri kufanira kuwedzera radiator, bhatiri uye blotter kuti utore condensation.) - 100 euros (kana , ine socket yekubatanidza bhatiri kana Orange - yakachipa kwazvo).
Iyo yakafanana yakadzivirirwa (IP65 / NEMA4) yekutarisa mazana maviri eeuro (Unogona kuunganidza yekutarisa ine touchscreen iyo pamusoro pechidzitiro che145 euros + yakachengetwa uye isina mvura sealant). Cables uye zvibatanidza zvakachengetedzwa kubva kumvura kubva kuChina - 30 euros.
Ikozvino mamiriro ekunze kwemazuva matatu ari pamberi OpenCPN, kana iwe uine plugin yakaiswa uye yakabatana neInternet kuburikidza neWiFi, unogona kuidhawunirodha kubva kuserver yemamiriro ekunze. Zvakakosha kuita izvi usati waenda uye chete zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye zvimwe zvinhu (kugadzirira kwechikepe nevashandi) kuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pekuenda kweyacht kugungwa. Kuchengeteka kweyacht mugungwa kunoenderana nechisarudzo ichi, tichifunga nezvese zvinhu.
Unogonawo kugadzira , zvichibva padhijitari yekugamuchira terevhizheni ye20 euros (inonzi "dongles", "whistles" habr.com/post/149702 habr.com/post/373465), asi kunzwisiswa kwechigadzirwa chakadaro uye kuvimbika kuchave kusina mubvunzo. Zviri nani kutenga mudziyo wakasarudzika.
Kubatanidza zviridzwa kune yedu navigation mudziyo
Uku ndiko kubatanidza kwakajairwa pakati peGarmin hove yekutsvaga (kana chero "inononoka" chiridzwa) uye sisitimu yekufambisa. Zviri pachena kuti panzvimbo yeDB-9 vanoshandisa USB . Ndapota cherechedza kuti tambo dzose uye zvibatanidza zvinofanira kunge zvisina mvura.
Nyore yemagetsi autopilot
inogona kubatana zvakananga kuOpenCPN senge chero imwe yachting chishandiso. Uye ichachengeta nzira zvakanyatsoenderana nenzira yako. Asi zvichave zvakakosha kutarisa shanduko yemhepo.
Kana mhepo ikachinja, chiteshi chemamiriro ekunze chinokuyambira sewachi yealarm uye iwe uchafanirwa kugadzirisa zvakare maseiri kune imwe tack.
Kubva pane rimwe bhatiri remazuva ano rinochajwa zuva rakacheka nyika kubva pamagetsi maviri ezuva, mudziyo uyu unoshanda kwemaawa angangoita masere. Izvo zvichakupa mukana wekumborara. Mudutu, mudziyo wekirasi iyi zvinosuruvarisa hauna kusimba zvakakwana kudzora yacht. Naizvozvo, iwe unozoda mudiwa, kana iwe unofanirwa kuisa yakasimba hydraulic mudziyo. Sechisarudzo, isa mechanic wind thruster.
Microwave
Ichi chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo pane yacht. Ichokwadi ndechokuti panguva yekutinhira unogona kuvanza zvose zvinonzwisisika zvemagetsi (mahwendefa, nharembozha, laptops) mu microwave. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwezvishandiso zvako zvekufambisa pakaitika mheni yakananga padanda uye nemagetsi azvino kubuda kuburikidza nehombe yeyacht.
Mukuwedzera, mune marina, munzvimbo yekupaka, nekubatanidza ovheni yewa microwave kune 220 volt network, unogona kubika zvokudya uye nekukurumidza kubvisa zvokudya.
Source: www.habr.com