Chikafu chekukurumidza, mhedzisiro, kukura nekukurumidza, internet inokurumidza, kukurumidza kudzidza ... Speed yave chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva. Tinoda kuti zvese zvive nyore, nekukurumidza uye zvirinani. Kugara kuri kudiwa kweimwe nguva, kumhanya uye kugadzirwa ndiyo simba rekufambisa kuseri kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji. Uye Armenia haisi nzvimbo yekupedzisira mune ino nhevedzano.
Muenzaniso weizvi: hapana anoda kutambisa nguva akamira mumitsetse. Nhasi, kune masisitimu ekugadzirisa mitsetse anobvumira vatengi kubhuroka zvigaro zvavo vari kure uye kugamuchira masevhisi avo vasina kuita mutsara. Zvishandiso zvakagadziridzwa muArmenia, senge Earlyone, kuderedza nguva yekumirira kwevatengi nekutevera nekudzora yese sevhisi maitiro.
Masayendisiti, mainjiniya uye vanogadzira mapurogiramu pasi rese vari kuyedzawo kugadzirisa matambudziko ekombuta nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya. Kuti vabudirire zvakanyanya, ivo vari kushanda pakugadzira quantum makomputa. Nhasi tinoshamiswa nehukuru hukuru hwemakomputa akashandiswa 20-30 makore apfuura uye aigara makamuri ese. Saizvozvo, mune ramangwana, vanhu vachafara nezve quantum makomputa ari kuvakwa nhasi. Iko kukanganisa kufunga kuti marudzi ese emabhasikoro akatogadzirwa, uye kukanganisawo kufunga kuti matekinoroji akadaro uye zvigadzirwa zvakangosiyana nenyika dzakabudirira.
Armenia muenzaniso wakakodzera wekuvandudza IT
Chikamu cheICT (Information and Communication Technologies) muArmenia changa chichikura zvishoma nezvishoma mumakore gumi apfuura. Iyo Enterprise Incubator Foundation, tekinoroji bhizinesi incubator uye ruzivo tekinoroji yekuvandudza agency yakavakirwa muYerevan, inoshuma kuti yakazara indasitiri mari, inosanganisira software nesevhisi chikamu uye Internet service provider chikamu, yakasvika USD 922,3 miriyoni muna 2018, kuwedzera kwe20,5% kubva 2017.
Mari inowanikwa kubva muchikamu ichi inoita 7,4% yeGDP yeArmenia yose ($12,4 bhiriyoni), maererano neshumo kubva kubazi rezvenhamba. Shanduko huru dzehurumende, zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuno nepasi rose, uye kushanda pamwe chete zviri kubatsira mukuenderera mberi kwechikamu cheICT munyika. Kusikwa kweBazi reHigh-Technological Indasitiri muArmenia (yaimbove chikamu ichi chaidzorwa neBazi rezvekutakurwa, Nhaurirano uye Ruzivo Technologies) zviri pachena danho rekumberi maererano nekuvandudza kuedza uye zviwanikwa muindasitiri yeIT.
SmartGate, yeSilicon Valley venture capital fund, inotaura muchidimbu chayo che2018 cheindasitiri yeArmenian tech: "Nhasi, tekinoroji yeArmenian iindasitiri iri kukura nekukurumidza iyo yakaona shanduko huru kubva pakutsvaga kunze kune kugadzira zvigadzirwa. Chizvarwa chemainjiniya akakura chakabuda pachiitiko nemakumi emakore echiitiko chichishanda pamapurojekiti ekucheka-kumucheto kumakambani emarudzi akawanda etekinoroji uye ekutanga eSilicon Valley. Nekuti kukura kuri kukurumidza kudiwa kwenyanzvi dzakanyatso hunyanzvi mumunda weinjiniya uye tekinoroji bhizinesi rekusimudzira hazvigone kugutswa munguva pfupi kana yepakati mukati memusha kana kuburikidza nezvikoro zvemuno. "
Muna Chikumi 2018, Mutungamiriri weArmenia Nikol Pashinyan akacherekedza kuti panodiwa nyanzvi dzinopfuura zviuru zvina zveIT muArmenia. Ndiko kuti, pane kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kwekuvandudzwa uye shanduko muzvikamu zvedzidzo nesainzi. Mayunivhesiti akati wandei emuno nemasangano ari kutora matanho ekutsigira kukura tarenda rehunyanzvi uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi, senge:
- US Bachelor of Science muData Science chirongwa;
- Chirongwa chaTenzi mune yakashandiswa manhamba uye data sainzi paYerevan State University;
- Kudzidza kwemichina uye kumwe kudzidziswa kwakabatana, kutsvagisa uye zvipo zvinopihwa neISTC (Innovative Solutions uye Technologies Center);
- Academy yeCode yeArmenia, YerevaNN (rabhoritari yekudzidza muchina muYerevan);
- Gedhi 42 (quantum computing laboratory muYerevan), nezvimwewo.
Strategic zvikamu zveIT indasitiri muArmenia
Makambani makuru etekinoroji ari kutorawo chikamu mukudzidziswa uye ruzivo / ruzivo rwekugovera zvirongwa. Pane ino nhanho yakakosha yekukura kweICT muArmenia, kutarisisa kweiyo chikamu kwakakosha. Zvirongwa zvedzidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa mumunda wesainzi yedata uye kudzidza muchina zvinoratidza kuti nyika iri kuita nhamburiko huru kusimudzira minda miviri iyi. Uye kwete chete nekuti ivo vari kutungamira tekinoroji maitiro munyika - kune kudiwa kwakanyanya kwevanokwanisa nyanzvi mumabhizinesi agara aripo, kutanga-ups uye marabhoritari ekutsvagisa muArmenia.
Chimwe chikamu chehunyanzvi chinoda huwandu hukuru hwenyanzvi dzehunyanzvi iindasitiri yemauto. Gurukota reHigh Technology Indasitiri Hakob Arshakyan akatarisisa zvakanyanya mukuvandudza matekinoroji emauto, achifunga nezvematambudziko akakosha ekuchengetedza mauto ayo nyika inofanirwa kugadzirisa.
Zvimwe zvikamu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira sainzi pachayo. Pane kudikanwa kwekutsvagisa chaiko, kutsvagisa kwese uye kwemagariro, nemhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa. Vanhu vanoshanda pamatekinoroji mumatanho ekutanga ebudiriro vanogona kunge vaine budiriro yehunyanzvi. Muenzaniso wakanakisa wechiitiko chakadaro ndeye quantum computing, iri mumatanho ekutanga uye inoda basa rakawanda nemasayendisiti eArmenia nekubatanidzwa kwemaitiro enyika uye ruzivo.
Tevere, tichatarisa nzvimbo nhatu dzetekinoroji zvakadzama: kudzidza muchina, tekinoroji yemauto, uye quantum computing. Ndidzo nzvimbo idzi dzinogona kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha kumaindasitiri epamusoro-tekinoroji eArmenia uye kumaka nyika pamepu yepasi rose tekinoroji.
IT muArmenia: munda wekudzidza muchina
Zvinoenderana neData Science Central, Machine Learning (ML) chishandiso/chikamu chehungwaru hwekugadzira "chakatarisana nekugona kwemichina kutora seti yedata uye kuzvidzidzisa, kuchinja maalgorithms sezvo ruzivo rwavanoita runowedzera nekuchinja," uye kugadzirisa matambudziko pasina kupindira kwevanhu. Mumakore gumi apfuura, kudzidza kwemichina kwakatora nyika nedutu nekubudirira uye kwakasiyana mashandisiro etekinoroji mubhizinesi nesainzi.
Zvikumbiro zvakadaro zvinosanganisira:
- kutaura uye kuzivikanwa kwezwi;
- chizvarwa chemutauro wechisikigo (NGL);
- otomatiki maitiro ekuita sarudzo dzekushanda kwebhizinesi;
- cyber kuchengetedza uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Kune akati wandei akabudirira ekutanga eArmenia anoshandisa mhinduro dzakafanana. Semuenzaniso, Krisp, inova desktop application inoderedza ruzha rwekumashure panguva yekufona. Sekureva kwaDavid Bagdasarian, CEO uye co-muvambi we2Hz, kambani yevabereki vaKrisp, mhinduro dzavo dzinoshandura tekinoroji yekuteerera. “Mumakore maviri chete, chikwata chedu cheongororo chakagadzira tekinoroji yepasi rose, iyo isina analogues pasi rose. Chikwata chedu chine vana mazvikokota gumi nevaviri, vazhinji vacho vane zvidzidzo zvemasvomhu nefizikisi,” anodaro Baghdasaryan. “Mifananidzo yavo yakaturikwa kumadziro edhipatimendi redu rekutsvagisa kuti tiyeuchidze zvavakaita nebudiriro. Izvi zvinoita kuti tikwanise kufunga patsva mhando yeruzha mukutaurirana chaiko, "anowedzera David Bagdasaryan, CEO we12Hz.
Krisp akatumidzwa zita rekuti 2018 Audio Vhidhiyo Chigadzirwa cheGore neChigadzirwaHunt, chikuva chinoratidza tekinoroji dzepasirese. Crisp nguva pfupi yadarika yakabatana nekambani yeArmenian telecommunications Rostelecom, pamwe nemakambani epasi rese akadai seSitel Group, kuti ashumire zvirinani mafoni kubva kune vangangove vatengi.
Imwe ML-powered yekutanga iSuperAnnotate AI, iyo inogonesa kukamurwa kwemifananidzo kwakaringana uye kusarudzwa kwechinhu chetsanangudzo yemufananidzo. Iyo ine yayo patented algorithm inobatsira makambani makuru akadai seGoogle, Facebook neUber kuchengetedza mari uye zviwanikwa zvevanhu nekuita otomatiki basa remanyorero, kunyanya kana uchishanda nemifananidzo (SuperAnnotate AI inobvisa kusarudzwa kwemifananidzo, maitiro acho ari kukurumidza ka10 nguva dze20. nekudzvanya kamwe).
Kune akati wandei mamwe ari kukura eML ekutanga ari kugadzira Armenia muchina wekudzidza hub mudunhu. Semuyenzaniso:
- Renderforest yekugadzira animated mavhidhiyo, mawebhusaiti uye marogo;
- Inogoneka - chikuva chekurudziro yevashandi (inozivikanwawo se "tenda yekuhaya", inobvumidza iwe kusarudza vashandi vanokwanisa pasina kutambisa nguva);
- Chessify ipurogiramu yekudzidzisa inotarisa chess mafambiro, inoona nhanho dzinotevera, nezvimwe.
Aya ekutanga akakosha kwete chete nekuti anoshandisa muchina kudzidza kupa bhizinesi masevhisi, asiwo sesainzi kukosha vagadziri veiyo tech nyika.
Pamusoro pemapurojekiti akasiyana ebhizinesi muArmenia, kune zvimwe zvirongwa zvinopa mupiro wakakura mukusimudzira nekusimudzira tekinoroji yeML muArmenia. Izvi zvinosanganisira YerevaNN chinhu. Iyo isiri-purofiti komputa sainzi uye masvomhu yekutsvagisa marabhoritari inotarisa munzvimbo nhatu dzekutsvagisa:
- kufanotaura nguva yakatevedzana yedata rekurapa;
- Kugadziriswa mutauro wechisikigo nekudzidza kwakadzama;
- kuvandudzwa kweArmenian "mabhangi emiti" (Treebank).
Nyika zvakare ine chikuva chenharaunda yekudzidza muchina uye vanofarira inonzi ML EVN. Pano vanoita tsvakurudzo, vanogovana zviwanikwa uye ruzivo, kuronga zviitiko zvekudzidzisa, kubatanidza makambani ane nzvimbo dzekudzidzisa, nezvimwewo Maererano neML EVN, makambani eArmenian IT anoda kuwedzera kukuru muindasitiri yeML, iyo, zvinosuruvarisa, iyo Armenian dzidzo nesayenzi chikamu hachiiti. anogona kupa. Zvakadaro, mukaha wehunyanzvi unogona kuzadzikiswa nekudyidzana kwakasimba pakati pemabhizinesi akasiyana nebazi redzidzo.
Quantum computing seyakakosha IT munda muArmenia
Quantum computing inotarisirwa kuve iyo inotevera kubudirira mune tekinoroji. IBM Q System One, yekutanga pasirese quantum computing system yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwesainzi nekutengesa, yakaunzwa isingasviki gore rapfuura. Izvi zvinoratidza shanduko iyi tekinoroji.
Chii chinonzi quantum computing? Iyi imhando nyowani yemakomputa inogadzirisa matambudziko kupfuura imwe kuomarara iyo classical makomputa haigone kubata. Quantum makomputa ari kugonesa kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda, kubva kuhutano kusvika kune ezvemamiriro ekunze masisitimu. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinotora mazuva mashoma uye kunyange maawa kugadzirisa dambudziko retekinoroji; muchimiro chayo chaizotora mabhiriyoni emakore.
Zvinonzi quantum kugona kwenyika kuchabatsira kuona ramangwana hupfumi nzira, akadai simba renyukireya muzana remakore rechi20. Izvi zvakagadzira inonzi inonzi quantum race, iyo inosanganisira USA, China, Europe uye kunyange Middle East.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nokukurumidza nyika inopinda munhangemutange, iyo yakawanda ichawana kwete kwete chete teknolojia kana hupfumi, asiwo mune zvematongerwo enyika.
Armenia iri kutora matanho ayo ekutanga muquantum computing padanho renyanzvi dzakati wandei dzefizikisi nesainzi yekombuta. Gate42, boka richangotangwa rekutsvagisa rinosanganisira Armenian fizikisi, masayendisiti emakomputa uye vanogadzira, inoonekwa seyasisi yekutsvagisa kwehuwandu muArmenia.
Basa ravo rinotenderera kune zvinangwa zvitatu:
- kuita tsvakiridzo yesainzi;
- kusikwa nekuvandudzwa kwehwaro hwedzidzo;
- Kusimudza ruzivo pakati pevashandi vehunyanzvi vane hunyanzvi hwakakodzera kusimudzira mabasa angangoita muquantum computing.
Pfungwa yekupedzisira haisati yashanda kuzvikoro zvedzidzo yepamusoro, asi timu iri kuenderera mberi nebudiriro inovimbisa mundima iyi yeIT.
Chii chinonzi Gate42 muArmenia?
Chikwata cheGate42 chinosanganisira nhengo gumi nembiri (vatsvakurudzi, vanachipangamazano uye bhodhi rematirastii) avo vari vamiriri vePhD uye masayendisiti kubva kumayunivhesiti eArmenian nekunze. Grant Gharibyan, Ph.D., inyanzvi yesainzi paStanford University uye inhengo yechikwata cheQuantum AI kuGoogle. Uyezve mupi wezano weGate12, anogovera ruzivo rwake, ruzivo uye ari kuita basa resainzi nechikwata muArmenia.
Mumwe mupi wezano, Vazgen Hakobjanyan, ndiye muvambi weSmartgate.vc, achishanda mukuvandudza kweboka rekutsvaga pamwe nemukuru Hakob Avetisyan. Avetisyan anotenda kuti nharaunda ye quantum muArmenia panguva ino idiki uye ine mwero, haina tarenda, marabhoritari ekutsvagisa, zvirongwa zvedzidzo, mari, nezvimwe.
Nekudaro, kunyangwe paine zviwanikwa zvishoma, timu yakakwanisa kuwana zvimwe budiriro, kusanganisira:
- kugamuchira rubatsiro kubva kuUnitary.fund (chirongwa chakanangana neakavhurika sosi quantum computing yepurojekiti "An Open Source Library yeQuantum Error Mitigation: Maitiro Ekunyora Zvirongwa Zvakanyanya Kusimba kuCPU Noise");
- kuvandudzwa kweiyo quantum chat prototype;
- kutora chikamu muRighetti Hackathon, uko masayendisiti akaedza nehukuru hwehuwandu, nezvimwe.
Chikwata chinotenda kuti gwara rine mukana unovimbisa. Gate42 pachayo ichaita zvese zvinogoneka kuona kuti Armenia yakanyorwa pamepu yepasi rose tekinoroji senyika ine kuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hwemakomputa uye mapurojekiti akabudirira esainzi.
Dziviriro uye cybersecurity senzvimbo yakarongeka yeIT muArmenia
Nyika dzinogadzira zvombo zvadzo zvehondo dzakazvimiririra uye dzine simba, mune zvematongerwo enyika uye mune zveupfumi. Armenia inofanirwa kufunga nezvekusimbisa nekuisa zviwanikwa zvayo zvemauto, kwete chete nekuzvipinza kunze kwenyika, asiwo nekuzvigadzira. Cybersecurity matekinoroji anofanirwawo kunge ari pamberi. Iri idambudziko rakakura sezvo, maererano neNational Cyber Security Index, chiyero cheArmenia chingori 25,97 chete.
“Dzimwe nguva vanhu vanofunga kuti tiri kungotaura nezvezvombo kana kuti zvechiuto chete. Nekudaro, kugadzirwa kunyange mavhoriyamu madiki kunogona kupa akati wandei mabasa uye nekuchinja kwakakosha, "anodaro Gurukota reHigh Technologies Hakob Arshakyan.
Arshakyan anokoshesa zvikuru indasitiri iyi muhurongwa hwake hwekuvandudza chikamu chehunyanzvi hweruzivo muArmenia. Mabhizinesi akati wandei, akadai seAstromaps, anogadzira midziyo yakasarudzika yezvikopokopo uye anopa ruzivo kuDhipatimendi reDziviriro kuti rigadzirise tekinoroji yemauto.
Nguva pfupi yadarika, Armenia yakaratidza zvigadzirwa zvemauto kuIDEX (International Defense Conference uye Exhibition) muUAE muna Kukadzi 2019, pamwe neelectro-optical nezvimwe zvechiuto. Izvi zvinoreva kuti Armenia inoedza kuburitsa midziyo yehondo kwete chete kuti ishandiswe, asiwo kune kunze kwenyika.
Sekureva kwaKaren Vardanyan, general director we Union of Advanced Technologies and Enterprises (UATE) muArmenia, mauto anoda nyanzvi dzeIT zvakanyanya kupfuura mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Inopa vadzidzi vetekinoroji yeruzivo mukana wekushanda muchiuto vachienderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvavo nekupa 4-6 mwedzi yegore kuti vatsvage nezve zvakakosha zvine chekuita nemauto. Vardyanyan anotendawo kuti kukura kwehunyanzvi hunyanzvi munyika, sevadzidzi veArmath Engineering Laboratories, kunogona kuzotora basa rakakosha mumhinduro dzakakosha dzehunyanzvi muuto.
Armath chirongwa chedzidzo chakagadzirwa neUATE muchikoro chehurumende cheArmenia. Munguva pfupi, chirongwa ichi chakawana budiriro huru, uye parizvino ine marabhoritari e270 ane vadzidzi vanosvika zviuru zvinomwe muzvikoro zvakasiyana muArmenia neArsakh.
Mabhizinesi akasiyana siyana eArmenia ari kushandawo pakuchengetedza ruzivo. Semuyenzaniso, iyo ArmSec Foundation inounza pamwechete cybersecurity nyanzvi kugadzirisa nyaya dzekuchengetedza mukubatana nehurumende. Tichityira kuwanda kwekutyorwa kwedata kwepagore uye kurwiswa kwecyber muArmenia, timu iyi inopa masevhisi ayo uye mhinduro kumauto nedziviriro masisitimu, pamwe nemamwe masangano emunyika neakazvimirira anoda kuchengetedza data nekutaurirana.
Mushure memakore akati wandei ekushanda nesimba uye kutsungirira, hwaro hwakazivisa kudyidzana neBazi reDziviriro, zvichikonzera kusikwa kweiyo itsva uye yakavimbika sisitimu yekushandisa inonzi PN-Linux. Ichatarisa pane shanduko yedhijitari uye cybersecurity. Ichi chiziviso chakaitwa pamusangano wekuchengetedza weArmSec 2018 naSamvel Martirosyan, anova director weArmSec Foundation. Ichi chirongwa chinovimbisa kuti Armenia inhanho imwe padyo nekutonga kwemagetsi uye kuchengetedza data data, nyaya iyo nyika yakagara ichiedza kurwisa.
Mukupedzisa, tinoda kuwedzera kuti iyo Armenian tekinoroji indasitiri haifanirwe kutarisa kwete chete pamatunhu matatu ataurwa pamusoro. Nekudaro, inzvimbo nhatu idzi dzinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakura, zvichipihwa mapurojekiti ebhizinesi akabudirira aripo, zvirongwa zvedzidzo uye tarenda iri kukura, pamwe nebasa rakakosha ravanoita munhandare yehunyanzvi hwepasi rose sebudiriro yetekinoroji. Kutanga kuchabatsirawo kugadzirisa zvakakosha uye matambudziko eruzhinji rwevagari veArmenia.
Tichifunga nezve shanduko dzinokurumidza dzakasikirwa chikamu cheIT kutenderera pasirese, Armenia ichave iine mufananidzo wakasiyana mukupera kwa2019 - ine yakawedzera yakasimbiswa yekutanga ecosystem, yakawedzerwa marabhoritari ekutsvagisa, zvigadzirwa zvinoshanda uye zvigadzirwa zvakabudirira.
Source: www.habr.com