Kwaziwai, maKhabravians uye vaenzi vesaiti!
Ndichatanga nekutenda Habr. Ndatenda.
Ndakadzidza nezvaHabré muna 2007. Ndakariverenga. Ndakanga ndichitoronga kunyora pfungwa dzangu pane imwe nyaya inopisa, asi ndakazviona ndiri panguva apo zvakanga zvisingabviri kuita izvi "saizvozvo" (zvichida uye zvichida ndakanga ndisina kururama).
Zvino, somudzidzi pane imwe yemayunivhesiti akakurumbira munyika ane dhigirii rePhysical Electronics, ndakanga ndisingakwanisi kufungidzira kuti nzira yeramangwana yaizotungamirira kupi. Uye akamuendesa kuchikoro. Chikoro chedzidzo yakajairika, kunyangwe imba yekurovedza muviri.
Pakusarudza hubhu yekushambadzira, ndakagara pane "Educational process muIT" hub, kunyangwe ndiri kunyora, nezve "IT muKudzidzisa Maitiro."
Chakandiunza kuChikoro akanga ari mirangariro yairatidzika kuva yechienzi pakutanga kutarira. Muna 2008, ndichifunga nezveramangwana, ndakatarisa-tarisa uye neimwe nzira handina kufemerwa nehurongwa (kana pakanga paine / pane imwe zvachose) yeindasitiri yemicroelectronics / infrastructure muRussia. Uyezve, ini ndakanga ndatova nenguva pfupi yekudzidzira shure kwangu kune bhizinesi riripo rekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvemagetsi. Panenge panguva ino, achiedza kusununguka mune zvemari kubva kuvabereki vake, akatanga kuwana "mari yake." Kudzidzisa masvomhu, fizikisi, uye sainzi yekombuta kwainyanya kukodzera panguva iyoyo. Pakangotanga kudzidzisa “madziva ekunyorera”, bvunzo dzeUnified State Exam dzakaunzwa, izvo zvakabvarura “madhishi” kure nezvikoro ndokukanda “madhishi” mamwe chete aya kuti adyiwe, kusanganisira nevarairidzi. Kazhinji, ndakawira mumutsetse, sezvavanotaura.
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti muna 2010, ndakawana basa semudzidzi weinjiniya (zvainzwika serudo!) pakambani yataurwa pamusoro apa. Zvishoma nezvishoma, "kuburuka pasi" uye kunzwa kumwe "kusava neupenyu" (panguva iyoyo) uye kusava nematuro kwezvemari kwenzvimbo yavo yehunyanzvi (mabhuku mazhinji uye zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa pamusoro pekukara kwakakura pamwe nekusagona kukuru kwechizvarwa changu), vakatama zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kuuinjiniya uye vakaswedera padzidzo, kudzidziswa.
Mufungo usina musoro wakauya mupfungwa dzangu: “Hatifaniri kutanga nemafekitari. Tinofanira kutanga kuchikoro." Ndakakwanisa kufunga kudaro. Sezvazvakazoitika, kana iwe ukatanga, unoda kutanga kunyange kare, kusvika kuvabereki vaiva vana pachavo, nezvimwewo, i.e. nzira yacho isingagumi ...
Asi ndizvo zvazviri, uye pano, kugamuchirwa - Chikoro!
Uyezve, ndakaita rombo rakanaka rekuzvarwa ndiri murume ("chigadzirwa chinoshomeka" muChikoro chemazuva ano cheRussia), kunyanya sezvo ndaigara ndichida kuzvidzidza.
Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvina kuitika kuti ndakataura nezve kushanya kwangu kuHabr mukupera kwema2000. Kubva ndichiri mudiki, ndanga ndichisarura kuIT. Aya ekutanga maonerwo ekombuta kubasa kwababa vangu - baba vangu dzimwe nguva vainditora vonditendera kuti ndipinde muPC ine Windows 95 (iyo michinjikwa mitsvuku inoyedza pa "mahwindo" yaunogona kuvhura yakawanda, uyezve. pedyo nekunakidzwa, iyi "minesweeper" "nenguva dzose, nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, mhedzisiro isingafungidzike, iyi "sikavha" isinganzwisisike umo nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero vamwe vababa vangu "vakachekwa", mamwe ribhoni asinganzwisisike mapepa ...). Zvese izvi zvakamutsa kufarira kunotyisa uye kutya kwe "muchina usinganzwisisike".
Chikamu chinotevera chine chekuita nezhizha naambuya vangu mumusha, kwandakapedza nguva nebhuku reraibhurari pane nhoroondo yehurongwa. Ipapo ndakadzidza nezvaAda Lovelace, Charles Babbage, Conrad Zuse, Alan Turing, John von Neumann, Douglas Engelbard uye mamwe akawanda akawanda akare uye mapiyona eIT (kuverenga ikozvino bhuku nezve IT muUSSR, ndinonzwisisa kuti zhizha sosi yaive kure. kubva zvakakwana!).
Hongu, kuva akajeka (maererano nemakaro enyama) mumiriri wechizvarwa chake, angangodaro akakwezvwa nemihoro mikuru iyo vashandi veIT vanogashira. Asi zvakadaro, ndichikura zvishoma nezvishoma uye ndichiisa zvinhu zvekutanga, ndakatanga kunzwisisa zviri nani zvinonyanya kukosha muupenyu. Mihoro yakakura muIT (inoenderana neavhareji kukosha pamusika wevashandi) yave chiratidzo chekukosha uye kukosha kweiyo IT chikamu nhasi uye munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Kudyidzana nguva dzose nevana kwakapinza "simba" rataurwa pamusoro pabasa uye kuisa zvakakosha (pakati pekugadzira chizvarwa chakadzidza mune ramangwana uye mari yakawanda - vashoma vangati kushanda muChikoro chemazuva ano kune pundutso, kana nhasi).
Kucherechedzwa kwakaunganidzwa mumakore gumi apfuura ekudzidzisa nekudzidzisa mabasa, kuenderera uye kwakasimba kufarira IT, kunotibvumira kugumisa kuti mamiriro acho haafadzi, kana asina njodzi, mune yemazuva ano maitiro edzidzo.
Kana tikatevera mirangariro yomudzidzisi wechinyakare John Dewey, tofunga nezvedzidzo “kwete kugadzirira upenyu, asi upenyu pachahwo,” ipapo gadziriro yedu yedzidzo yazvino uno (kana tikaisvika nenzira yakarongeka, tisingabatanidzi mienzaniso inofadza uye inonyandura yezvimwe Zvikoro) hupenyu. Uye kugona kwevadzidzi vedu vemazuva ano kudzidza kwakafa.
Zviri pachena kuti nei ndichitaura nezvehupenyu uye IT pamwe chete. Nhasi, IT yakapinda uye inoramba ichipinda zvakadzika mukati menzvimbo dzese dzehupenyu hwedu. Uye iyi "inenge" iyo IT isati yapinda - iyi ndiyo hurongwa hwedu hwedzidzo.
Musandifungire zvisizvo, handisi kutonga kana kupa munhu mhosva. Ndine chokwadi chekuti avo vanoita sarudzo pamusoro pezvinofanira kuve hurongwa hwedzidzo uye huchava munguva pfupi iri kutevera vanoda nemoyo wese kuvandudzwa uye kukwana kwehurongwa hwedzidzo yeRussia. Ndiri kungotaura chokwadi.
Nhasi, mudzidzisi wechikoro "chisikwa chekudzokera kumashure" mumaziso emudzidzi, murume weStone Age, asingazongo "posita chidzidzo paTikTok kana Insta" kuti ave imwe mhando ye "kupwanya, ” asi haatombokwanisi kushandisa nguva dzese kugona kwefoni yake (uye dzimwe nguva komputa inoonekwa kumudzidzisi se“chisikwa chisingazivikanwi” kana “bhokisi dema”).
Uye kana mudzidzi asina kugamuchira kurerwa kwakakodzera mumhuri uye asina kudzidza kuremekedza munhu, pasinei neunhu hwake uye zviratidzo (mudzidzi mukuru asingawanzoitiki ane mano aya), ipapo mudzidzisi akadaro achava nezvinetso nechiremera, kuisa. zvinyoro. Uye ivo vadzidzi vakave vakadzidza zvirinani havazokwanisa kuwana zvavaigona kana mudzidzisi wavo akagadzira hunyanzvi hweIT.
Uye haisi kunyange nyaya yezera (kwete kuti vadzidzisi "vanopfuura makumi mana" uye "havasati vamboona makombiyuta"), kana kuparara kunoshanda / kusavapo kwekambani yeIT mushure me1970 muUSSR uyezve Russia. Zviri maererano nemafungiro edu. Chido uye kugona kudzidza. Mukuda kuziva, shure kwezvose, izvo Isaac Asimov naRichard Feynman nevamwe vazhinji vane chiremera vagari vepasi redu vakataura uye vakanyora nezvazvo.
Mudzidzisi, pamwe chete nomubereki, anovawo mudzidzisi anozvidira. Uye "mudzidzisi pachake anofanira kuva zvaanoda kuti mudzidzi ave" (Vladimir Dal). "Dzidzo iri pakuti chizvarwa chekare chinopfuudza ruzivo rwayo, chido chayo, zvitendero zvayo kune chizvarwa chechidiki" (Anton Makarenko). Kuno“tanga pakuzvarwa kwake; munhu haasati ataura, haasati ateerera, asi ari kutodzidza” (Jean Jacques Rousseau). Dzidzo inokosha zvikuru, "kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu vose kunoenderana nedzidzo yakakodzera yevana" (John Locke).
Uye mibvunzo yakakodzera inomuka. Tiri chaizvo zvatinoda kuti mudzidzi wedu ave here? Chii chatiri kupfuudza kwaari uye chichava chakakosha sei kwaari panguva yatichararama iye kwete isu? Tine chokwadi chekuti hunyanzvi hukuru mumakore makumi maviri-20 huchava kugona kunyora zvakanaka kana kuverengera nemazvo mhedzisiro yearithmetic mashandiro?
Tichatonyora nekuverenga here panguva ino? kana, sezvinopokana nedzimwe nyanzvi, tichatodhawunirodha ruzivo zvakananga muuropi, tichinzvenga izvi zviito zvisina musoro?
Yave nguva yekumuka, vadiwa vanyoro, makomuredhi kana vagari sezvamunoda. Zvikasadaro, tinogona kukanganisa upenyu hwezvizvarwa zvedu zvinotevera. "Zvikasadaro tichasiya vazukuru vedu muchitonho," Vladimir Vysotsky akaimba nezvehondo inogona kuitika (panguva iyoyo izvi zvaive zvakanyanya kupfuura zvakakosha), uye izvi zvinogona kuverengerwa kune musoro wedu.
Uye mubvunzo wenguva refu wenyika unomuka - "Chii chekuita?"
Izvi ndizvo chaizvo, kana nyaya iyi ikava inonakidza uye yakakosha kwauri, isu tichakurukura muzvinyorwa zvinotevera.
Nechido chechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro dzidzo yeRussia nekusungirwa kutora chikamu kweIT uye nezvishuwo zvakanakisa kunharaunda yeHabra,
Ruslan Pronkin
Source: www.habr.com