Uyu ndiAlexander Chistyakov, ini ndiri muevhangeri. uye ini ndichakuudza nezve 9 yakanakisa tekinoroji zviitiko zve2019.
Mukuongorora kwangu, ndaivimba zvakanyanya nekuravira kwangu pane maonero enyanzvi. Ndosaka, semuenzaniso, mota dzinozvityaira hadzina kuverengerwa mune iyi runyorwa, sezvo pasina chinhu chitsva kana chinoshamisa nezve tekinoroji iyi.
Ini handina kuronga zviitiko zviri murondedzero nekukosha kana wow-effect, nekuti kukosha kwavo kuchave kwakajeka mumakore gumi, uye wow-effect ndeyenguva pfupi, ndangoedza kuita kuti nyaya iyi iwirirane.
1. Portable server applications muRust programming language yeWebAssembly
Ini ndichatanga ongororo nemishumo miviri:
1. Report , iyo yaakaverenga kumashure muna 2018.
Panguva yekuverenga chirevo, Brian Cantrill aishanda kuJoyent seCTO uye aisaziva kuti 2019 yaizopera sei kwaari naJoyent.
2. , nhengo yeRust core team uye munyori we "The Rust Programming Language," anoshanda pa Cloudflare, paanotaura nezvezvinhu zveRust mutauro uye teknolojia yeWebAssembly, iyo inobvumira web browser kuti ishandiswe semapuratifomu ekushanda kwekushandisa.
Muna 2019, WebAssembly ine yayo , iyo inopa mukana wekushandisa sisitimu zvinhu zvakaita semafaira uye zvigadziko, yafamba kupfuura mabhurawuza uye iri kunanga server software musika.
Izvo zvakakosha zvekubudirira zviri pachena: vanhu vane imwe nguva yekumhanya inokwanisa kuita zvinotakurika zvikumbiro zveWebhu (pane munhu anorangarira mutemo weWORA, wakagadzirwa nevagadziri vemutauro weJava?).
Isu tine zvakare yakachengeteka nzira yekuvaka zvikumbiro izvi nekuda kweRust mutauro, uyo raison d'être ndeyekubvisa makirasi ese ekukanganisa panguva yekuunganidza.
WebAssembly inochinja-chinja zvekuti Solomon Hykes, mumwe wevakagadzira Docker, akanyora kuti dai WebAssembly neWASI yaivepo mu2008, Docker angadai asina kumbozvarwa.
Hazvishamise kuti Rust akazviwana ari pakati pevanotora tekinoroji nyowani inotakurika - ecosystem yayo iri kusimukira zvine simba uye Rust yakaramba iri iyo inonyanya kufarirwa mutauro wehurongwa kwemakore akati wandei zvichienderana nemhedzisiro. .
Iyi islide kubva muhurukuro yaSteve inoratidza zvakajeka huwandu hwehuwandu hwezvikanganiso zvekuchengetedza zvinogona kudzivirirwa zvachose nekushandisa Rust kune huwandu hwese hwezvikanganiso muMS. Windows, yakawanikwa mumakore gumi nehafu apfuura.
Microsoft yaifanira kupindura kune dambudziko iri neimwe nzira, uye yakaita.
2. Project Verona kubva kuMicrosoft, iyo ichachengetedza Windows uye ichavhura peji idzva renhoroondo yechero OS
Huwandu hwezvikanganiso muMicrosoft kernel Windows uye mapurogiramu mazhinji evashandisi akawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore gumi nemaviri apfuura.
Muna 2019, Microsoft's Matthew Parkinson , izvo zvinogona kugumisa izvi.
Ichi chirongwa cheMicrosoft chekugadzira mutauro wepurogiramu wakachengeteka wakavakirwa papfungwa dzemutauro weRust: vamwe vashandi veMicrosoft Research vakaona kuti matambudziko mazhinji ekuchengetedza ane chekuita nenhaka huru yemutauro weC, umo vazhinji ve WindowsMutauro wakafanana neRust, Verona, inotarisira ndangariro uye kuwana zviwanikwa panguva imwe chete ichishandisa Kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa zvakadzama kuti inoshanda sei, tarisa .
Zvinonakidza kuti Microsoft inowanzoonekwa sehumambo hwakashata uye anopikisa zvese zvitsva, zvisinei nekuti , mugadziri mukuru weGlasgow Haskell Compiler, anoshanda kuMicrosoft.
Mubvunzo waBrian Cantrill kubva pakutanga, "Haisi nguva yekunyorazve kernel yekushandisa muRust?" yakagamuchira mhinduro isingatarisirwi: zviri pachena kuti kunyorazve sisitimu yekushandisa kernel haisati yaita, asi zvirongwa zvinomhanya munzvimbo yemushandisi zvave kutonyorwa patsva. Maitiro asingamisiki atanga, uye izvi zvichavhura chitsauko chitsva mune ramangwana kune ese anoshanda masisitimu.
3. Mutauro wechirongwa cheDart unowedzera mukurumbira nekuda kweFlutter framework
Ndine chokwadi kuti nhau dzinotevera dzinoshamisa zvikuru kwete isu chete uye neruzhinji rwevanhu, asiwo kune vazhinji veavo vanobatanidzwa zvakananga mukusimudzira kwayo. Mutauro wechirongwa cheDart, wakaunzwa kuGoogle makore masere apfuura, wakaona kukurumidza kukurumbira gore rino.
Ini ndinoshandisa nzira yangu yekuongorora kufarirwa kwemitauro yekuronga nekuongorora Github repositori kamwe pamwedzi. Nepo kwaingova nezana renzvimbo dzeDart dzakakurumbira pakutanga kwegore, nhasi dzatova mazana matatu negumi netatu.
Dart yakapfuura Erlang, PowerShell, R, Perl, Elixir, Haskell, Lua, uye CoffeeScript mukuzivikanwa. Zvinoita sekuti hapana mumwe mutauro wemapurogiramu wakakura nekukurumidza gore rino. Sei?
Imwe yemishumo inokosha yegore rino yakaverengwa naRichard Feldman ichibva yashevedzwa Chikamu chakakosha chemushumo chakatsaurirwa kuongorora kuti mitauro yekuronga inove yakakurumbira sei. Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru, maererano naRichard, kuvepo kwechikumbiro chakakurumbira kana chimiro-nemamwe mazwi, iyo mhondi app.
Chikonzero chekukurumbira kwemutauro weDart yaive nharembozha yekuvandudza dhizaini. , ane mukurumbira wakawedzera, maererano neGoogle Trends, pakutanga kwegore rino.
Hatina chatinoziva nezveDart, sezvo isu tisingaite nharembozha, asi tinotambira neushamwari mumwe mutauro wakadhindwa wechirongwa.
4. Mikana yekurarama mukati memoyo Linux uye nharaunda yayo nekuda kwemuchina we eBPF virtual
Tinoda makonferensi kuVDSina: gore rino ndakapinda musangano weDevOops muSt. Muna 2019, maonero anotevera akatonga nhaurirano idzi:
- Docker akafa nekuti akanyanya kufinha.
- Kubernetes mupenyu uye ane rimwe gore kana zvakadaro-zvichiri kutaurwa nezvazvo pamisangano muna 2020.
- panguva iyoyo, mukati memoyo Linux hapana munhu mupenyu akambotarisa mukati kwenguva yakareba
Handigovani pfungwa yekupedzisira, kubva pakuona kwangu, mukukura kwekernel Linux Zvinhu zviri kuitika izvozvi hazvisi kungofadza chete, asi zvine shanduko huru. Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa imuchina we eBPF virtual, wakagadzirwa pakutanga kugadzirisa basa rinonetesa rekusefa mapaketi enetwork uye kubva ipapo wakashanduka kuita muchina we kernel-level virtual.
Kugadzirwa kwekernel Linux: yaive
Kugadzirwa kwekernel Linux: zvakava
Nekushandisa eBPF, kernel ikozvino inoshuma zviitiko zvinogona kugadziriswa zvishoma kunze kwekernel—interface inoita kuti zvikwanisike kutaurirana nekernel zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira kubva panzvimbo yekushandisa uye kuwedzera uye kuwedzera mashandiro ekernel. Linux, achipfuura ziso rinoona zvese raLinus Torvalds.
Pamberi pe eBPF, kugadzirwa kwemapurogiramu ane mabasa ane hukama hwakasimba nekudyidzana nekernel Linux Yaive nyaya yakaoma—kugadzira zvinhu zvakaita semadhiraivha emidziyo inononoka uye ma interfaces emafaira masisitimu munzvimbo yekushandisa kwaida maitiro ekuongorora epamutemo nevagadziri vekernel vane ruzivo. Linux.
Kuuya kweiyo eBPF interface kwakarerusa zvikuru nzira yekunyora zvirongwa zvakadaro-chipingamupinyi chekupinda chakadzikiswa, vagadziri vachawedzera, uye nharaunda ichamutswa.
Handisi ndega mukufarira kwangu. inozivisa kukosha kweBPF yekurarama (!) yekernel development ecosystem. Mumwe, akaenzana anozivikanwa mugadziri (Ini ndiri fan wake mukuru) , iyo yakanga isina kuenzana kwemakore 50.
Zvichakadaro, Linus Torvalds kazhinji haarumbidzi pachena zvinhu zvakadai, uye ndinogona kumunzwisisa—ndiani anoda kuzviita benzi pachena? 🙂
5. Linux ndakapotsa ndarovera chipikiri chekupedzisira mubhokisi reFreeBSD neinterface ye io_uring isina kurongeka mu kernel. Linux
Sezvo tiri kutaura nezvepfungwa huru Linux, zvakakosha kucherechedza kumwe kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kwakaitika gore rino: kubatanidzwa kwechinhu chitsva chikuru naJens Exboe kubva paFacebook.
Kwemakore mazhinji, vatungamiriri veFreeBSD system nevagadziri vakatsigira sarudzo yavo nekuti FreeBSD yaive neI/O iri nani isina kuenderana kupfuura LinuxSemuenzaniso, nharo iyi Gleb Smirnov kubva kuNginx.
Ikozvino mutambo washanduka. uye migumisiro yekuedza kwekuita inonakidza-iyo I / O kuwedzera kwekuita kunotangira kubva ku14% kusvika ku102% zvichienderana nehukuru hwevhavha. Pane prototype inoshandisa asynchronous I/O muPostgreSQL (zvirinani ), nezve shanduko yePostgreSQL kuenda kune asynchronous I/O. Nekudaro, tichipihwa hunhu hwekuchengetedza nharaunda yevagadziri, isu hatione shanduko idzi muna 2020.
6. AMD yekukunda kudzoka neRyzen processor line
Hapana chinhu chisina kujairika, ingori kuti AMD, kambani yakamboita chikamu chechipiri muindasitiri, iri kutyora rekodhi.
Mutsara mutsva weRyzen processors wakaratidza mutengo unoshamisa / chiyero chekuita: ivo , uye mune mamwe matunhu Mukurwisana kwemakwikwi, Intel inomanikidzwa : inoita kuti mapurogiramu akagadzirwa neawo compiler aite zvishoma zvine mutsindo pavakwikwidzi processors. Kunyangwe Intel's tsvina tricks, .
7. Kutevera AMD, Apple ine chinangwa chekutora kuruma kunze kweIntel's pie ne iPadOS uye Gates 'manomano ekare.
Muhondo dziri pakati pehofori, munhu wese anogona kubata chombo anowanzo edza kutora chikamu, uye AMD haisiriyo yega inotora chirevo cheIntel's bait. Apple yakaita sebhuru rekare mujee.
tichadzika mugomo zvishoma nezvishomaHando yakura nemhuru inomira pamusoro pegomo, nepo boka remhou richifura pasi.
Hando duku inopa yakura:
- Teererai, ngatiburukei nekukurumidza uye tirove mhou.
uye nekukurumidza, nekukasira tichakwira kumashure!
- Kwete-o!
- Zvakanaka, saka ngatikurumidze-kukurumidza kudzika pasi, tinokanika mhou mbiri imwe neimwe uye nekukurumidza-
Ngatikwirei nekukasira kumusoro!
- Kwete-o!
- Zvakanaka, chii chaunoronga ipapo?
- Tichadzika zvishoma nezvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma kubva mugomo, tichakwevera boka rose uye
Ngatidzoke zvishoma nezvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma tidzokere kunzvimbo yedu!
Nekuburitswa kweiyo itsva iPadOS, Apple yakashandisa nzira inonzi "kukanganisa innovation" kurwisa Intel.
Wikipedia tsananguro
Zvitsva zvinokanganisa zvinhu zvitsva zvinoshandura kuenzana kwekukosha mumusika. Muchiitiko ichi, zvigadzirwa zviripo zvinove zvisingakwikwidzi nekuda kwekuti ma parameter aimbotungamira makwikwi anorasikirwa nekukosha kwawo.
Mienzaniso ye "zvinovhiringidza zvitsva" inosanganisira nhare (yakatsiviwa neteregirafu), zvikepe (zvakatsiviwa ngarava), semiconductors (akatsiviwa vacuum chubhu), makamera edhijitari (akatsiviwa makamera emafirimu), uye email (akavhiringidzwa tsamba dzechinyakare).
Apple inoshandisa yayo yakaderera-simba ARM-based processors, uye izvi zvakaratidza kukosha kune vashandisi pane kuita kushoma kushoma kune Intel x86.
Apple iri kubudirira kutora chikamu chemusika nekushandura iyo iPad kubva kune yekuvaraidza terminal kuita yakazara-yakazara basa chishandiso-kutanga kune vanogadzira zvemukati uye ikozvino kune vanogadzira. Kunyange isu tisingaone ARM-yakavakirwa MacBook chero nguva munguva pfupi iri kutevera, zvidiki zvidiki neMacBook Pro keyboard dhizaini iri kutyaira kutsvaga kwedzimwe mhinduro, uye iyo iPad Pro ine iPadOS inovimbisa kuve imwe yacho.
Chii chinonzi Gates neMicrosoft chine chekuita neizvi?
Gates akambokweva matinji akafanana neIBM.
Mumakore ekuma1970, IBM yakatonga musika wemaseva, ichiramba makombiyuta emunhu wega wega. Mumakore ekuma1980, Gates akashandisa mari yeIBM kugadzira nekupa rezenisi MS-DOS, achichengetedza kodzero dzeoperating system yake. Mushure mekugamuchira mari iyi, Microsoft yakagadzira graphical interface yeMS-DOS, uye nyika yemakombiyuta yakazvarwa. Windows — pakutanga yaingova graphical overlay paDOS, uye ipapo system yekutanga yekushandisa PC yakanakira vanhu vazhinji. IBM, kambani hombe, isina simba, yakarasikirwa nemusika wemakombiyuta ega nekuda kweMicrosoft itsva uye inokurumidza. Ndapfupisa nyaya iyi inoshamisa muchidimbu, saka kana uchida kuziva kuti Apple ichakwikwidzana sei neIntel muna 2020 neiPadOS, ndinoikurudzira zvikuru. .
8. Kusimbisa chinzvimbo chaZFSonLinux — Bhiza rekare harikanganisi mugero
Canonical Company kushandisa ZFS file system se root file system zvakananga kubva kumugadziri. Dzimwe nguva ndinofunga kuti mainjiniya aishanda kuSun Microsystems vanomiririra rudzi rwakasiyana rweHomo sapiens (Brian Cantrill naBrendan Gregg vambotaurwa vakashanda kuSun). Zvitongerei mega, pasinei nemakore akawanda ekuedza kwevanhu kugadzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana nechekare neZFS file system, pasinei nemirau isingakundiki yekupa marezenisi ichidzivirira kuiswa kweZFS source code mubazi guru rekuvandudza kernel. Linux, tichiri kushandisa ZFS uye izvi hazvizochinje chero nguva munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
9. Oxide Computer Company – tichange takatarisisa chikwata ichi, avo vari kunyatsogona zvakawanda – kana nepadiki, tichigadzira shoo inotonhorera.
Ini ndichapedzisa runyorwa rwangu nekumwe kutaurwa kwaBrian Cantrill, wandakatanga naye.
Brian Cantrill nevamwe mainjiniya (vamwe vavo vaimbova vashandi veZuva) vakatanga kambani inonzi , ane chinangwa chikuru chekugadzira server platform yakakodzera kushandiswa kukuru. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti makambani makuru kwazvo seGoogle, Facebook, neAmazon haashandise yakajairwa server hardware mukushanda kwavo. Kambani yaBrian ine chinangwa chekugadzirisa gaka iri nekugadzira Hardware uye software chikuva chakakodzera kushandiswa nechero Cloud sevhisi (kusanganisira iyo Rust programming mutauro).
Pfungwa yavo ivimbiso yechimurenga chitsva, uye ini ndichave, ndinenge ndichiona nemufaro mafambiro epfungwa dzavo nekukura kwavo mugore ra2020 riri kuuya.
Zvatakaita muna 2019 kuVDSina
Hatina kuita budiriro yetekinoroji neVDSina muna 2019, asi tichine chimwe chinhu chekudada nacho.
MunaFebruary, isu takawedzera kugona kushandisa network yemuno pakati pemaseva uye takatangisa domain rekunyoresa sevhisi. Takaita mutengo weimwe yakaderera pamusika-179 rubles ye .ru/.rf, kusanganisira kuvandudzwa.
Muna Kurume, takataura kuIT Global Meetup #14.
Muna Kubvumbi, takawedzera bandwidth kune yega yega sevha kubva ku100 kusvika ku200 megabits, uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera muganho wetraffic wezvirongwa zvese (kunze kwekuchipa) kusvika ku32 TB pamwedzi.
Muna Chikunguru, vatengi vakapihwa sarudzo yekuisa otomatiki Windows Server 2019. Dziviriro yemahara yeDDoS yakatanga kupihwa munzvimbo yeMoscow.
Zvakare muna Chikunguru, kambani yedu yakaonekwa paHabr, ichiita kutanga kwayo uye kuti zvakatibatsira sei kuita kusvetuka kwepamusoro murutsigiro rwevatengi.
Muna Nyamavhuvhu, isu takawedzera kugona kugadzira snapshots-backup makopi emaseva.
Takaburitsa API yeruzhinji.
Yakawedzera hupamhi hwechiteshi chesevha yega yega kubva pa200 kusvika ku500 megabits.
Isu takatora chikamu mumusangano weChaos Constructions 2019, tichipa zvikwapuro zvine logo yekambani sekutengesa (sirogani yemushandirapamwe yanga iri "Apo mugadziri ari pamusoro") uye akafuridzira Telegraph chats.
MunaGunyana, takatangisa iyo yakanakisa uye inoshamwaridzana Instagram account yekambani yeIT-yakatanga kugovera nhau uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hweVDSina. .
MunaNovember, takaenda kuHighload++, takatora chikamu muhurukuro yedenderedzwa ye "Databases muKubernetes," uye takapfekedza vatori vechikamu heti dze shark.
Muna Zvita, vakapa hurukuro padhatabhesi muKubernetes pamusangano weDevOps kuhofisi yeGazpromNeft uye kumusangano weDevOpsDays muMoscow. , izvo zvaive zvechokwadi kuita kwangu kwegore.
mhedziso
Sezvakataurwa naNassim Taleb, zviri nyore kufanotaura zvatisingazooni. Ndinoda kutaura kuti zvese zvitsva zvatichaona muna 2020 zvakatangira muna 2019, 2018, uye kare. Handizoedzi kufanotaura remangwana nemazvo, asi 2020 harisi gore iroro. Linux pakombiyuta (wapedzisira kuona desktop riini?) uye gore racho Linux Tave tichiona izvi pamafoni kwemakore angangoita gumi ikozvino.
Chero zvazvingava, ndinovimba kuti mugore tichasangana zvakare tokurukura kuti zvese zvakazofamba sei.
Anofara mazororo ari kuuya kumunhu wese!
Tevera mugadziri wedu pa Instagram
Source: www.habr.com
