Isu tinokuudza iwe anotarisirwa kunze kwenyika uye anopindura mibvunzo isina kugadzikana nezve kutamiswa kwenyanzvi dzeIT kuenda kuEngland neGermany.
Tapinda kazhinji kutumira magwaro. Tinonyatso shandura imwe neimwe yadzo uye toitumira kune mutengi. Uye mupfungwa inoshuvira rombo rakanaka kumunhu akasarudza kuchinja chimwe chinhu muhupenyu hwake. Kuchinja kunogara kuri nani, handizvo here? 😉
Iwe unoda kuziva kana iwe uchitarisirwa kunze kwenyika uye kuwana mirairo yekutamira kuEurope? Tinodawo! Ndokusaka takagadzirira rondedzero yemibvunzo uye tichavabvunza kune shamwari dzedu - iyo kambani , uko nyanzvi dzinotaura chiRussian dzinobatsirwa kuwana basa uye kuvaka basa rinobudirira kunze kwenyika.
Vakomana nguva pfupi yadarika vakatanga chirongwa chitsva cheYouTube , uko magamba anogovera nyaya dzawo nezvekutamira kuEngland, Germany neSweden, uye anobvisa ngano dzekushanda nekugara kunze kwenyika.
Sangana nemubvunzurudzo wedu nhasi, Elmira Maksudova, chipangamazano webasa IT & tech.
Elmira, ndapota tiudze chii chinowanzoita kuti vanhu vedu vatamire kuEngland?
Zvechokwadi, munhu wose ane zvaanokurudzira uye haisi chinhu chimwe chete chinosundira munhu kufamba, asi mamiriro ezvinhu ose.
Asi kazhinji ndiyo:
- Mari: muhoro, penjeni system.
- Hunhu hwehupenyu nemikana: nhanho yetsika, mamiriro ekunze / ecology, chengetedzo, kuchengetedzwa kwekodzero, mushonga, mhando yedzidzo.
- Mukana wekuvandudza hunyanzvi: vazhinji venyanzvi dzeIT vatakaongorora vanoongorora tekinoroji yemapurojekiti eRussia se "yakanyanya kuderera" kana "yakaderera," kusanganisira chokwadi chekuti matekinoroji mazhinji ekuMadokero ari kutanga kutsiviwa nemhinduro dzeRussia dzine mirairo yakati wandei kumashure. Zvakare, vazhinji vanogadzira, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yeongororo, vanoodzwa mwoyo nehurumende uye nhanho yeRussia manejimendi.
- Kusatarisika uye kusagadzikana munzanga, kusava nechivimbo mune ramangwana.
Yakanyorwa mukati
Ndeapi hunyanzvi ane mikana yepamusoro yekuwana basa rakanaka nekukurumidza uye nyore?
Kana tikataura nezve UK, saka zvisizvo zvinzvimbo zvine nzira yakareruka yekuwana vhiza yebasa zvinoenderana nedata. sanganisira mamaneja ezvigadzirwa, vagadziri, vagadziri vemitambo, cybersecurity nyanzvi. Zvakare vari kudiwa vari kuyedza mainjiniya uye vanoongorora, DevOps, masisitimu mainjiniya (virtualization uye makore mhinduro), Mamaneja eChirongwa, kudzidza muchina uye Big Data nyanzvi. Iko kudiwa kwehunyanzvi uhu kwave kuramba kuchikura mukati memakore mashanu apfuura. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana ari munyika dzakadai seGermany, Holland, Switzerland.
Dzidzo yeEurope inosungirwa here?
Dzidzo yeEurope haisi yekusungirwa. Uye chimiro chinosungirwa chekuva nedzidzo yepamusoro sezvizvi zvinoenderana nenyika.
Kuti uwane UK visa Kuve nedhigirii muhunyanzvi hachisi chinhu chinosungirwa.
Asi, somuenzaniso, muGermany mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Kana mukana wekuwana, zvino kuti uwane vhiza iyi dhipuroma redzidzo yepamusoro rinodiwa. Zvakare diploma inofanirwa kunge iri mudhatabhesi. Mumiriri anogona kutarisa kuvepo kweyunivhesiti mune iyi dhatabhesi, uye zvinenge zviri nani kana akazvitaura pabvunzurudzo. Kana yunivhesiti yako isiri mudura reAnabin, inofanirwa kusimbiswa mukati - Central Authority yeDzidzo yekunze.
Kana tikataura nezve mvumo yekushanda yeGermany yemunharaunda, saka pasina dzidzo yepamusoro zvinokwanisika kuwana mukana wekugara nekushanda muGermany, asi yakareba uye ine ngozi. Apa ndipo panodiwa macheki akawanda. Parizvino tiri kugadzirisa nyaya yakadaro. Pakukumbira vhiza rekushanda, taida tsamba dzekurumbidza, humbowo hwekuti pane hukama hwepedyo pakati pezvakaitika kare uye chinzvimbo chiri kukumbirwa nemutengi.
Haasi makambani ese anoziva kuti sarudzo iyi inogoneka. Ndosaka panguva yekubvunzana ndinogara ndichisimbisa kuti vanoda kukwikwidza vanofanirwa kuziva zvese nezve mavhiza ebasa ivo pachavo uye, kana zvichidikanwa, taurira mushandirwi kuti izvi zvinogoneka uye ndeapi magwaro anoda kuunganidzwa. Mhosva kana mukwikwidzi achibata nemvumo yake yebasa yakajairika, kunyanya muGermany.
Mufananidzo naFelipe Furtado paUnsplash
Chii chinonyanya kukosha - ruzivo rwebasa kana hunyanzvi chaihwo? Uye kana unyanzvi, zvino ndezvipi?
Chinokosha hakusi makore mangani iwe wanga uchishanda, asi kukosha kwechiitiko chako. Tine vatengi vazhinji vanoshandura ndima yavo yekuita uye vanowana dzidzo mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana zvachose, semuenzaniso, logistics → manejimendi eprojekiti, network tekinoroji → kuongororwa kwedata, kusimudzira → dhizaini yekushandisa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kunyangwe ruzivo rwepurojekiti mukati meiyo dissertation kana yekudzidzira tsika inova yakakosha uye yakakodzera kune yako mbiri pane, semuenzaniso, manejimendi ruzivo makore mashanu apfuura.
Hunyanzvi hwakaoma zvechokwadi hwakakosha kune tech nyanzvi, asi kazhinji padanho rekutungamira. Kazhinji, nzvimbo dzinopa musanganiswa wetekinoroji, kureva, kwete makore mashanu muC ++, asi ruzivo mukushandisa akati wandei matekinoroji: C++, Erlang, Kernel Development (Unix/Linux/Win), Scala, nezvimwe.
Unyanzvi hwakapfava hunonyanya kukosha. Uku ndiko kunzwisisa kwekodhi yetsika, kukwanisa kutaurirana nenzira yakakodzera, kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kuwana kunzwisisa pamwe chete panyaya dzebasa. Zvese izvi zvinotariswa padanho rekubvunzurudza. Asi kungo "kutaura nezvehupenyu" hazvishande. Maitiro ekubvunzurudza ane imwe masvomhu yakavakirwa mairi, pahwaro hwekuti mumiriri anoongororwa. Isu tinobatsira kudzidza mitemo iyi uye kudzidza kutamba maererano nemitemo yevashandirwi.
Elmira, ndiudze chokwadi, unoda kuziva Chirungu kuti ushande muEngland?
Technical IT nyanzvi dzinowanzova neruzivo rwekutanga rweChirungu padanho rehunyanzvi - basa rese rine hukama neChirungu (mirayiridzo, kodhi, zvekudzidzisa, zvinyorwa zvevatengesi, nezvimwewo). Iyo tekinoroji nhanho yemutauro ichave yakakwana kune tsamba, zvinyorwa, kuenda kumisangano - aya ndiwo ekupinda-chikamu uye epakati-chikamu chinzvimbo chevagadziri, sisitimu, mainjiniya etiweki, mainjiniya edata, vanoedza, vanogadzira nhare. Kukurukurirana pamwero wepakati, kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge rwakaita. Kune mabasa ehunyanzvi (zvisinei neJunior kana Senior level), kana kutsetsenura muchiRungu kwakakosha uye kunogona kuve chirevo chekuongorora mukwikwidzi - Pre-sales / Sales, mainjiniya, vagadziri, system uye bhizinesi vaongorori, vavaki, Project uye Chigadzirwa mamaneja, rutsigiro rwemushandisi (Mutengi Kubudirira / Mutengi Tsigiro Maneja), maneja eakaundi.
Ehe, Chirungu chinotaurwa zvakanaka chinodiwa nemamaneja: semuenzaniso, pamabasa akadai semutungamiri wechikwata, mukuru wetekinoroji, mukuru anoshanda (IT infrastructure management) kana bhizinesi rekuvandudza bhizinesi.
Zvakadini neGerman/Dutch nemimwe mitauro kunze kweChirungu?
Kana zviri zvekuziva mutauro wemuno muGermany, Holland neSwitzerland, hazvina basa kana uchitaura Chirungu. Mumaguta makuru hapana chikonzero chaicho chekuziva mutauro zvachose, asi mune mamwe maguta hupenyu hwako huchava nyore kana ukataura mutauro weko.
Kana uine zvirongwa zvenguva refu, zvine musoro kudzidza mutauro. Uye zviri nani kutanga usati watama. Chekutanga, iwe unonzwa uine chivimbo chakawedzerwa (kana uchinyoresa, uchitsvaga imba, nezvimwewo), uye chechipiri, iwe unoratidza kambani kufarira kwako.
Age? Vanonyorera havachatariswa pazera ripi?
Kubva kudivi revashandirwi: MuEurope neUK, mune mutemo unorambidza kusarura zera - unosimbiswa zvakanyanya zvekuti vashandirwi havaone zera sechimwe chehunhu hwekuhaya. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha maonero ako etekinoroji, hunyanzvi, portfolio, hunyanzvi uye zvishuvo.
Pachikamu chako, semumiriri, zviri nani kutama usati wasvika makore 50. Pano tiri kutaura pamusoro pekureruka uye chido chekugadzirisa, kubereka uye maonero akakwana ezvitsva.
Mufananidzo naAdam Wilson paUnsplash
Ndiudze kuti kutamiswa kunowanzoitika sei?
Mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzoitika ndeokuti unotsvaga basa uri kure, pfuura nekubvunzurudza (kutanga kufona kwevhidhiyo, wozoita misangano yako pachako), gamuchira chinopihwa chebasa, bvumirana pane izvo, tora vhiza uye famba.
Iyi fomati haidi kuisirwa mari kwakakosha uye inotora paavhareji kubva pamwedzi 1 kusvika 6 - zvichienderana nekuti uri kutsvaga basa sei uye kuti ndeipi nyika yauri kuronga kutamira. Tine zviitiko zvevatengi vakapfuura matanho ese ekusarudza mumwedzi 1 uye vakagamuchira visa mumavhiki e2 (Germany). Uye pane zviitiko apo chete nguva yekuwana vhiza yakatambanudzwa kwemwedzi mishanu (Great Britain).
Mubvunzo "usingafadzi". Zvinoita here kufamba wakazvimirira, pasina kushandisa rubatsiro rwako?
Chokwadi unogona. Zvakanaka kana munhu ane simba rakasimba, akagadzirira kudzidza nyaya uye kuita zvose pachake. Tinowanzogamuchira tsamba dzakaita seidzi: “Ndakaona mavhidhiyo enyu ese ari pa100 , akatevera zano rose, akawana basa ndokutama. Ndingakutendai sei?
Saka sei isu? Unyanzvi hwedu chishandiso uye ruzivo rwunogashirwa nemunhu kugadzirisa dambudziko ravo zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza. Iwe unogona kudzidza kune snowboard iwe pachako, uye nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare iwe ucharamba uchienda, nemakumbo uye kwete pakarepo, asi iwe uchaenda. Kana iwe unogona kutora murayiridzi uye uende zuva rinotevera, uchinyatsonzwisisa maitiro. Mubvunzo wekushanda uye nguva. Chinangwa chedu ndechekupa munhu ruzivo uye kunzwisisa kwemisimboti yemusika wevashandi mune imwe nyika uye, hongu, kugovana vanobatika.
Ngatitaure nezve mihoro, ingani nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi dzinogona kuwana muUK?
Mihoro yevagadziri muRussia neUK inosiyana kakawanda: Injiniya yeSoftware: £17 uye £600, Senior Software Engineer: £70 uye £000, IT project manager: £19 uye £000 pagore muRussia neUK zvakateerana.
Tichifunga nezvemutero, avhareji mari inowanikwa pamwedzi yenyanzvi yeIT i£3800-£5500.
Kana iwe ukawana basa re£30 pagore, ipapo iwe unongove uine zviuru zviviri zvemadhora pamwedzi paruoko - izvi zvinogona kukwana kumunhu mumwechete, asi haugone kugara nemhuri pamari iyi - vese vari vaviri vanofanirwa kushanda.
Asi kana muhoro wako uri £65 (avhareji nhanho yemugadziri, data/muchina wekudzidza mainjiniya), ipapo iwe unogashira £000 mumaoko ako - iyo yatove yakagadzika kumhuri.
Nhamba dzacho dzinonaka, asi dzoga hadzigoni kutiudza kuti mararamiro emunhu achachinja zvikuru. Ngatienzanise mihoro mushure memitero muRussian Federation neGreat Britain nemutengo wezvinhu kana masevhisi atinoshandisa mazuva ese.
Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti uku ndiko kuenzanisa kwakashata, uye chikanganiso chinoitwa nevakawanda ndechekuti vanoedza kuenzanisa marita emukaka, makirogiramu emaapuro, mutengo wekufamba kwepasi pevhu kana rendi. Kuenzanisa kwakadaro hakubatsiri zvachose - aya akasiyana masisitimu ekubatanidza.
MuEngland neEurope kune inofambira mberi mutero hurongwa, mitero yakakwirira kupfuura muRussia uye kubva 30 kusvika 55%.
Litre yemukaka inodhura zvakafanana, asi kana ukatyora chidzitiro pa iPhone 11 Pro yako, muRussia uchafanirwa kubhadhara peni rakanaka rekugadzirisa, asi muEU/UK vanoigadzirisa mahara. Kana iwe ukatenga chimwe chinhu paIndaneti uye uchishandura pfungwa dzako, muRussia iwe uchava nenguva yakaoma kuidzorera, asi muEU / UK iwe hautombodi risiti. Mapuratifomu ekutengesa emagetsi seAmazon/Ebay, ayo anounza zvinhu nenguva uye anokupa inishuwarenzi kubva kune hutsotsi, haafananidzi nezvitoro zvepamhepo zvega uye kunyanya kwete Russian post.
Inishuwarenzi yezvokutengeserana muEU / UK inoshanda sewachi, uye haufanire kuratidza kuti iwe waive nekodzero, muRussia iwe unongoneta nekuratidza kuti kutarisa nzeve dzemwana wako kwenguva yechigumi neshanu mumakore maviri haisi chirwere chakambogadzirwa, kunyangwe chirwere chisingaperi chiitiko cheinishuwarenzi. Kudzidzisa mwana Chirungu (uye mafungiro) muzvidzidzo sechikamu chezvidzidzo uye chikoro kana munzvimbo yakasikwa ine vatauri vemunharaunda. Kana mwana wako achishungurudzwa kuchikoro, unogona kutorega chikoro, kuEU/UK kune mhosva yevabereki nekuda kweizvi.
Kurenda dzimba muEurope kana England kazhinji (kunyanya mhuri) inoshandura kuita mukana wekutenga yako wega imba (yakaderera mubereko pazvikwereti uye zvikwereti) kana kunyange imba (iyo isingawanzo kujairika kune avhareji Moscow mugari wepafurati), kugara mumasabhabhu uye kuenda kuLondon (kana kusafamba uye kushanda kure).
MuEngland, kireshi yemwana anosvika makore matatu okuberekwa inodhura paavhareji £3-£200 pamwedzi. Mushure memakore matatu, vana vose vanowana maawa gumi nemashanu edzidzo yepre-school pavhiki nemari yehurumende.
Kune zvikoro zvakazvimiririra uye zvehurumende. Muzvikoro zvakazvimiririra, mari yechikoro inogona kusvika pa£50 pagore, asi kune zvikoro zvehurumende zvine basa rakanzi "rakanaka" (nesangano rekuongorora reOfsted) - zvine dzidzo yemhando yepamusoro uye mahara.
Iyo NHS ihurongwa hwehurumende hwemahara hwekuchengetedza hutano hwakanaka, asi kana uchida kuve neinishuwarenzi inosanganisirwa yekutengeserana inoshanda munyika dzese dzepasi, inodhura £300-500 pamunhu pamwedzi.
Mufananidzo naAron Van de Pol paUnsplash
Zvakanaka, ndapotsa ndafunga kutamira kuEngland. Asi ndinotya kuti ndichabatwa somushandi anotama ikoko, kuti ndichafanira kushanda maawa 24 pazuva uye handichatokwanisi kubuda kundonwa kofi.
Nezvevashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika: London ndeyemarudzi akawanda, kune vanhu vazhinji vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana, saka iwe uchazviwana uri mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana nevanhu vakawanda vakakupoteredza. Nokudaro, pfungwa yevashandi vanoenda kune imwe nyika haipo zvachose. Kune mutambo unonakidza wakadaro - verenga huwandu hwemitauro yekunze muLondon subway mota. Nhamba dzinogona kusvika makumi matatu, uye izvi zviri mumotokari imwe.
Nezvenguva yakawandisa: Nguva yakawandisa yakajairika kune yekutanga, uye chete pane imwe nhanho. Vagadziri vemari vanofunga kuti "inopenga" chirongwa chebasa chinhu chine njodzi. Basa-hupenyu hwehupenyu huri kuwedzera kugamuchirwa.
Kupisa kunotorwawo zvakanyanya. Sekureva kwemutemo wekuUK, "mushandirwi anofanira kuongorora njodzi yekunetsekana nebasa uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira vashandi kuti vasabatwa nezvirwere zvine chekuita nekushushikana nebasa." Kupisa muUK kunoonekwa sechirwere, uye kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, unoenda kuna Chiremba wezvirwere zvese, uyo anozogumisa kuti wakashushikana uye unogona kutora vhiki kana kupfuura kubva kubasa. Pane , vanozivikanwa kuti vane hanya nehutano hwepfungwa dzako. Saka kana iwe wakaneta uye uchida kutaura nezvazvo, unoziva kupi kudana (uye kunyange muchiRussia).
Ndine vana vaviri, murume nekatsi. Ndingaenda navo here?
Hongu, kana une wawakaroorana naye, vanogamuchira nekodzero yekushanda munyika. Vana vari pasi pemakore 18 ezera vanowanawo vhiza inovimbika. Uye hapana matambudziko nemhuka - maitiro ekutakura mhuka dzinovaraidza anotsanangurwa zvakajeka.
Handichada kutaura nezvemari zvakare, asi ndinofanira. Imarii yandinofanira kuchengetedza kuti ndifambe?
Kazhinji, iyi imari yevisa + £945 muakaundi yako yekubhangi mazuva makumi mapfumbamwe usati wanyorera vhiza yeTier 90 + mutengo wekurenda imba kwemwedzi mitatu yekutanga + £2-3 pamwedzi yekubhadhara (zvinoenderana nemararamiro ako - vamwe vanhu vanogona kurarama ne- £ 500 pasvondo, kuzvibikira, kuchovha bhasikoro / scooter, ndege nyangwe kutenga tikiti remhando. yemari iwe unogona kubhururuka kuenda kuEurope uye kunozorora pamitambo), vamwe vachidya mumaresitorendi, kufamba nemotokari kana tekisi, kutenga zvinhu zvitsva uye matikiti mazuva mashoma vasati vasimuka).
Ndinotenda Elmira nebvunzurudzo. Kana uine chero mibvunzo, vasiye mumhinduro.
Muzvinyorwa zvinotevera, isu tichavhara maitiro ekunyora CV uye tsamba yekuvhavha iyo inozoita kuti iwe ucherechedzwe, tsvaga kana social media stalking yakajairika muUK, uye bata pane yakajairika musoro wechiratidzo chemunhu. Ramba wakatarisa!
P.S. Kana iwe uri munhu akashinga uye anokurudzirwa, siya chinongedzo kune yako tanga mune zvakataurwa pamberi pa22.10.2019/XNUMX/XNUMX, kuti isu tigone kushandisa muenzaniso chaiwo kufunga kuti chii uye sei.
Nezvomunyori
Nyaya yacho yakanyorwa muAlconost.
— inyanzvi yekushandura pamhepo mumitauro makumi manomwe, yakagadzirwa naAlconost.
Nitro yakanaka kune nemimwe mitauro. CV yako ichatumirwa kumuturikiri wemutauro wechizvarwa uyo anozoshandura mashoko acho nemazvo uye nemazvo. Nitro haina hudiki hwekurongeka, saka kana iwe uchida kuchinja kune yako yakaturikirwa tangazve, unogona kutumira nyore mitsetse mishoma yemavara kuti ishandurwe. Iyo sevhisi inoshanda nekukurumidza: 50% yeodha yakagadzirira mukati maawa maviri, 2% - isingasviki maawa makumi maviri nemana.
Source: www.habr.com
