Elon Musk ndomumwe wevanhu vane mukurumbira muzana remakore rechiXNUMX. Injiniya, muzvinabhizimusi uye miriyoni ane pfungwa dzisingafungidzike. PayPal, Tesla, SpaceX zvese zvaakasika, uye muzvinabhizinesi haasi kuzomira pamapurojekiti mashoma akabudirira pasi rose. Anokurudzira mamiriyoni evanhu nomuenzaniso wake uye anoratidza kuti kunyange munhu mumwe chete anogona chaizvo kuchinja nyika kuti ive nani.
Elon Musk anotaura zvakawanda pamisangano nemasemina, anopa kubvunzurudza uye anomhanya pasocial network. Uye vazhinji vevateveri vake vakaona kuti Chirungu chake chakati siyanei nechekare cheAmerica.
Muchikamu chino tichaongorora zvakadzama Elon Musk's Chirungu, matauriro ake uye maitiro ekutaura kwemazwi. Tichaongorora zvakare kuti kutaura kwechiRungu kwemuzvinabhizimisi kwakachinja sei mumakore makumi maviri apfuura. Saka, handei.
Matauriro aElon Musk: South Africa kana America?
Elon Musk akapedza hudiki hwake muPretoria, guta guru reRepublic of South Africa. Chirungu ndiwo mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa muSouth Africa, saka chinodzidziswa kuchikoro uye chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
Simba remutauro wechiAfrikaans pakukura kweChirungu muSouth Africa harina kukosha, asi maererano nemataurirwo nemataurirwo emazwi richiri kunzwika.
Pakutanga kwebasa rake rebhizinesi, Elon Musk aive neyakajairwa Praetorian accent. Izvi zvinogona kunzwika kunyanya zvakajeka mumavhidhiyo ekutanga naye.
Around 1999, Musk akawana mukurumbira uye hupfumi. Iyo PayPal yekubhadhara sisitimu, iyo yaari mubatanidzwa, yakawana kugoverwa kwepasirese mugore rekusimudzira.
Vhidhiyo yacho inoratidza zvakajeka Elon Musk achitaura. Uye chirevo chake chekumaodzanyemba chinonyatsooneka, icho chakangogadziriswa zvishoma nekugara muCanada (muna 1999 muzvinabhizimisi achiri kugara muCanada).
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti matauriro aMusk haasi eMaodzanyemba zvachose. Pane zvakawanda zveAmerica mairi.
Semuenzaniso, chinhu chinonyanya kucherechedzwa chechirevo cheSouth Africa mataurirwo ediphthong "ai" mumashoko akadai sehupenyu, chiedza, kurwa. Mushanduro yeAmerica, ese anodaidzwa ne [aΙͺ]: [laΙͺf], [laΙͺt], [faΙͺt].
Iwe unogona kuteerera kune ruzha rwemazwi ane classic American accent .
MuChiShona cheSouthern, [aΙͺ] anowanzoita [ΙΙͺ], sekunetsa kana toyi.
Asi mukutaura kwaElon Musk, mazwi ekuti chiedza uye hupenyu anonzwika seanozivikanwa nenzeve yeAmerica. Unogona kuzvinzwa muvhidhiyo iri pamusoro.
Musk anoshandisa chimiro cheAmerica [r], umo kamuromo kerurimi kasingazungunuke uye kasingazungunuke. Muchitauriro cheSouth Africa, vanowanzoshandisa izwi rakaomarara [r], rinonzwika riri pedyo neRussia. Zvose zvinoenderana nemataurirwo eruzha urwu muAfrikaans - ipapo wakaomarara kupfuura muChirungu.
Mataurirwo aMusk ekuAmerica eizwi [r] ari nyore kutsanangura. Hard [r] inotaurwa zvakanyanya nevanhu vekuSouth Africa, vane mutauro wekutanga chiAfrikaans neChirungu semutauro wavo wechipiri. Elon ane zvakapesana: Chirungu ndiwo mutauro wake wekuzvarwa, uye Afrikaans mutauro wake wechipiri.
Pamusoro pezvo, pesvedzero yekugara muCanada uyezve United States yakachinja mutauro waMusk zvishoma.
Iye zvino tichaongorora izvo zvimiro zvekutaura kweSouth Africa izvo zvakachengetwa mukutaura kwaMusk kusvika nhasi.
Kushaya kumbomira mumashoko uye kumedza manzwi
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinozivikanwa zveSouth African English mwero wepamusoro wekutaura uye kusavapo kunenge kuzere kwekumbomira pakati pemazwi.
Kana muBritish English kumira kwakajeka, muAmerica kunogona kunge kusipo pakududzwa kwezvinyorwa kana kupindirana, saka muSouth Africa mutsara wese unogona kududzwa nekufema kumwe chete, pasina kumbomira zvachose.
Elon Musk ane mutauro unokurumidza kutaurwa. Haana kumbomira pakati pemashoko. Uye nokuda kweizvi, haakwanisi kududzira manzwi akawanda. Ngatitange nemuenzaniso.
Mushoko rokuti have, muzvinabhizimisi anowanzo kuburitsa ruzha [h], saka pachinzvimbo che [hæv] rinobuda ['æv]. Uyezve, mazita akakosha anotanga nebhii h anogara aine ruzha.
Musk zvakare anowanzo kumedza mavhawero muzvinyorwa uye zvirevo. Izvo, izvo, zvavo uye zvakafanana. Mukutaura nokukurumidza, anodonhedza vowel uye anotaura shoko racho pamwe chete nerinotevera.
Ndakashanda muchitoro chependi... - Ndakashanda muchitoro chependi.
00:00:39Musk anotaura mutsara wekuti "Ndakashanda muchitoro chepende" mune imwe kufamba. Zvinoitika zvinotevera: [aΙͺ wΙrkΙͺn' z'peΙͺnΚΙp].
Iwe unogona kunyatsonzwa kuti mumutsara wekuti "akashanda mukati," Musk akasiya magumo "-ed," ndosaka "kushanda mukati" inonzwika se "kushanda." Panguva imwecheteyo, chinyorwa che "the" chakaderedzwa zvachose - chete inzwi [z] rinosara kubva pairi, rinonzwika sechirevo chekutanga chezwi rinotevera. Ndiyo [z], kwete [Γ°] kana [ΞΈ]. Zvakare, mukubatanidzwa kwemazwi okuti βchitoro chependiβ ruzha [t] rwakadonhedzwa.
Mapfupiso akafanana anowanikwawo muAmerican English, asi pamwero diki.
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti izvi zvinongonzwika mubvunzurudzo dzaMusk, panguva yaanotaura nemoyo. Mumitambo yedariro panenge pasina manzwi akadaro.
Kuwanzoshandiswa kwe [z] inzwi
Mumutauro wekuSouth Africa, izwi rokuti [z] (semu zip kana mbizi) rinowanzo shandiswa pachinzvimbo che [s].
Elon Musk anoita izvi zvakare. Uye kwete chete mukutaura kwakajairika, asi kunyange muzita rekambani yake - Tesla.
MuChirungu cheAmerica, Tesla aizodaidzwa kuti [ΛtΙslΙ]. VaBritish vanowanzodudza [s] ruzha muizwi iri seruzha ruviri - izvi zvinogamuchirwa zvakare.
Musk inodana zita rekambani se [ΛtΙzlΙ], ine [z]. Chokwadi ichi chichiri kushamisa vese maBritish nemaAmerican, saka Lesley Stahl, mutori wenhau ane mukurumbira weAmerican terevhizheni chiteshi cheCBS, akabvunza Musk mubvunzo wakananga wekuti anodudza sei izwi rekuti Tesla. Uye akasimbisa kuti zvaive kuburikidza nez.
Kutsiviwa kwe [s] na [z] chimwe chezvimiro zvechirevo chekumaodzanyemba. Uye Elon Musk haasati azvibvisa.
Kuenzanisa Chirungu chaElon Musk muna 1999 uye 2020
Kana iwe ukaenzanisa zvinyorwa zviripo zvekutaura kwaElon Musk kubva ku1999 na2020, zviri pachena kuti Chirungu chake chave kunyanya kuAmerica. Kana muna 1999 kutaura kwake kwaiva subjectively 60% South Africa uye 40% American, zvino yava 75% American uye chete 25% South African.
Shanduko dzechiRungu dzaElon hadzigone kunzi dzakanyanya, asi dzichiripo.
Muna 1999, Elon akataura mavhawero akawanda kuburikidza nemhino dzake. Mataurirwo emhando yemhino aya anowanikwa zvakanyanya muSouth Africa. Muna 2020, hapana kana chimwe cheizvi chasara. Mazwi ari mubvunzurudzo dzemazuva ano ndeeAmerica zvachose. Pane fungidziro yekuti mushure mekubudirira kwepasirese kwakauya kwaari, Musk akanyatsodzidza kutaura kwesiteji kuti ataure zvine hunyanzvi pamisangano nemasemina.
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mukubvunzurudzwa kusina kurongwa, ane mazwi echirevo chekumaodzanyemba, asi kana achitaura pamberi pevateereri, haana.
Zvakare, Elon haasisiri "nguva" mumashoko akadai sekuti "zvizhinji", "mutengo", "wakawana". Muna 1999, akataura mazwi ese aya kuburikidza ne[Ι:]. Izvi zvinogona kunyatsonzwika pakurekodhwa kubva muna 1999 pakutanga kwechinyorwa. Mo-ost, ko-ost, go-ot - aya ndiwo manzwire anoita mazwi aya. Ikozvino vanyatso American, kuburikidza ne [Ι]: [mΙst], [kΙst], [gΙt].
Kana ari mazwi, hapana shanduko. Elon Musk haana kushandisa slang mazwi kubva kuSouth Africa Chirungu muna 1999 kana 2020. Anoshandisa neologisms nesayenzi slang, asi ichi chikamu chebasa rake.
Kazhinji, unogona kuona kuti matauriro aElon Musk akachinja sei mumakore makumi maviri. Uye zvinonzwisisika, nekuti kwemakore makumi maviri akanyanya kugara uye kushanda muUSA. Kunyangwe kana muzvinabhizimusi asina kushandira kuAmericanize kutaura kwake (uye isu tichiri kufunga kuti akadaro), Chirungu chake nhasi chakanyanya kuAmerica kupfuura South Africa.
Tichishandisa muenzaniso wevazhinji vane mukurumbira hunhu, tinoona kuti kugadzira iyo inodiwa mataurirwo, zvakakosha kuti unyure iwe pachako mune yakazara ecosystem yemutauro weChirungu. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvatakaita muChirunguDom. Izvi zvinopa mhedzisiro yakanaka - mushure memwedzi mitatu chete yemakirasi, vadzidzi vanobva kuLondon ndiro Guta guru reGreat Britain vanoenda kunogadzirisa mataurirwo nemataurirwo echiBritish kana ekuAmerica. Zvese zvigadzirwa zveecosystem yedu zviri pazasi.
Ichi chikamu chitsva kwatiri, saka isu tiri kufarira maonero ako. Nyora zvaunofunga pamusoro pechikamu kuti uongorore zvakadzama mataurirwo evakakurumbira. Takamirira mhinduro dzako!
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