Kutadza kutama kwezvivakwa zveIT kwakakonzera huwori hwe1,3 bhiriyoni marekodhi evatengi vebhangi. Izvi zvese zvakakonzerwa nekusakwana kuyedzwa uye maitiro ehupenzi kune yakaoma IT masisitimu. Cloud4Y inotaura kuti zvakaitika sei.
Muna 2018 Chirungu akaziva kuti "kurambana" kwake kwemakore maviri neboka rebhengi reLloyds (makambani ose akabatanidzwa muna 1995) kwaidhura zvakanyanya. TSB yakanga ichiri kusungirirwa kune yaimboshamwaridzana nayo kuburikidza nekukasira kutevedzera Lloyds IT masisitimu. Zvakaipisisa, bhangi raifanira kubhadhara "alimony," mari yegore negore ye $ 127 mamiriyoni.
Vanhu vashomanana vanofarira kubhadhara mari kune avo vaimbova, saka musi waApril 22, 2018 pa18:00 TSB yakatanga chikamu chekupedzisira chechirongwa chemwedzi we18 chaifanira kuchinja zvinhu zvose. Yakanga yakarongwa kuendesa mabhiriyoni emarekodhi evatengi kuIT system yekambani yeSpanish Banco Sabadell, iyo yakatenga TSB yemadhora mabhiriyoni maviri nemazana maviri kumashure muna2,2.
Mutungamiriri weBanco Sabadell JosΓ© Olu akataura nezvechiitiko chiri kuuya mavhiki maviri pamberi peKisimusi 2 panguva yemusangano wevashandi vefestive mune imwe horo yemusangano yakakurumbira muBarcelona. Chishandiso chakakosha chekufambisa chaive chekuve vhezheni itsva yehurongwa hwakagadzirwa neBanco Sabadell: Proteo. Yakatozopihwa zita rekuti Proteo2017UK zvakanangana neiyo TSB yekufambisa chirongwa.
Pakuratidzwa kweProteo4UK, mutungamiri mukuru weBanco Sabadell, Jaime Guardiola Romojaro, akazvikudza kuti hurongwa hutsva ipurojekiti huru isina analogues muEurope, iyo pamusoro pe1000 nyanzvi dzakashanda. Uye kuti kuita kwayo kuchapa kukurudzira kwakakosha mukukura kweBanco Sabadell muUK.
Kubvumbi 22, 2018 yakagadzwa sezuva rekutama. Aive manheru eSvondo akanyarara pakati pechirimo. Mabhengi eIT masisitimu aive pasi sezvo zvinyorwa zvaive zvichitamiswa kubva kune imwe system kuenda kune imwe. Nekuwaniswa kweveruzhinji kumaakaundi ekubhanga akadzoserwa pakupera kweSvondo, munhu angatarisira kuti bhangi ridzoke zvishoma nezvishoma kubasa.
Asi apo Olyu naGuardiola Romojaro vakanga vachitepfenyura nemufaro kubva pachikuva pamusoro pekushandiswa kweProteo4UK chirongwa, vashandi vane basa rekuita zvekutama vakatya zvikuru. Chirongwa ichi, icho chakatora mwedzi gumi nemisere kuti chipere, chaive kumashure zvakanyanya uye pamusoro pebhajeti. Pakanga pasina nguva yekuita mimwe miedzo. Asi kuendesa data yese yekambani (iyo, rangarira, mabhiriyoni emarekodhi) kune imwe system ibasa reHerculean.
Zvakazoitika kuti mainjiniya aityira nechikonzero chakanaka.
A stub pane saiti yakaonekwa nevatengi kwenguva yakareba
Maminitsi makumi maviri mushure mekunge TSB yavhura mukana wekuwana maakaunti, ichivimba zvizere kuti kutama kwakafamba zvakanaka, mishumo yekutanga yezvinetso yakasvika.
Kuchengetwa kwevanhu kwakangoerekana kwanyangarika kubva kumaakaundi avo. Kutenga kwemari isingakoshi kwakanyorwa zvisirizvo semari yemadhora zviuru zvakawanda. Vamwe vanhu vakapinda mumaakaundi avo uye havana kuona maakaundi avo ekubhangi, asi maakaundi evanhu vakasiyana zvachose.
Na21:00, vamiriri veTSB vakaudza anoona nezvezvemari munharaunda (UK Financial Conduct Authority, FCA) kuti bhanga rakanga riri mudambudziko. Asi FCA yakatocherechedza: TSB yakanyatsoita zvakaipa, uye vatengi vakaitwa mapenzi. Uye, chokwadi, vakatanga kunyunyuta (uye mazuva ano, kudonhedza mitsetse mishoma pa Twitter kana Facebook haina kunyanya kuoma). Nenguva dza23:30 p.m., FCA yakabatwa nemumwe mutongi wezvemari, Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA), iyo yakanzwawo kuti chimwe chinhu chakanga chisina kumira zvakanaka.
Patova pakati pehusiku vakakwanisa kusvika kune mumwe wevamiriri vebhanga. Uye vabvunze ivo chete mubvunzo: "chii chiri kuitika gehena?"
Zvakatora nguva kuti tinzwisise chiyero chenjodzi, asi isu zvino tinoziva kuti 1,3 bhiriyoni zvinyorwa zve5,4 mamirioni evatengi zvakakuvadzwa panguva yekutama. Kweinenge vhiki, vatengi havana kukwanisa kubata mari yavo kubva kumakomputa avo kana nharembozha. Havana kukwanisa kubhadhara chikwereti, uye vatengi vebhanga vazhinji vakagamuchira gwapa panhoroondo yavo yechikwereti, pamwe nemari yekunonoka.
Izvi ndizvo zvakaita TSB mutengi wepamhepo bhangi
Apo glitches yakatanga kuoneka, nguva pfupi yapfuura, vamiriri vebhangi vakasimbirira kuti matambudziko "achimboitika." Mazuva matatu gare gare, chiziviso chakabudiswa kuti masystem ese aive akajairika. Asi vatengi vakaramba vachishuma matambudziko. Yakanga isiri kusvika 26 Kubvumbi 2018 apo mukuru mukuru webhangi, Paul Pester, akabvuma kuti TSB yakanga iri "pamabvi ayo" sezvo bhangi IT zvivakwa zvakaramba zviine "bandwidth nyaya" kudzivirira vanosvika miriyoni vatengi kuwana online banking masevhisi.
Vhiki mbiri mukutama, iyo online banking application yaive ichiri kunzi iri kusangana nezvikanganiso zvemukati zvine chekuita neSQL database.
Matambudziko ekubhadhara, kunyanya nemabhiri ebhizinesi uye emortgage, akaenderera mberi kwemavhiki mana. Uye vatapi venhau vese vakaziva kuti TSB yakaramba rubatsiro kubva kuLloyds Banking Group pakutanga kwedambudziko rekutama. Kazhinji, matambudziko ane chekuita nekupinda mumasevhisi epamhepo uye kugona kuendesa mari zvakaonekwa kusvika Gunyana 3.
A bit of history
Yekutanga ATM yakavhurwa musi wa27 Chikumi 1967 pedyo neBarclays muEnfield
Banking IT masisitimu ari kuwedzera kuoma sezvo zvinodiwa nevatengi uye zvinotarisirwa kubva kubhangi zvichiwedzera. Anenge makore 40-60 apfuura, tingadai takafara kushanyira bazi redu rebhangi munguva yebhizimisi kuti tiise mari kana kuitora kuburikidza nemutauriri.
Mari yaive muaccount yaienderana necash nemakoini atakapa kubhanga. Accounting yedu yepamba yaigona kuteverwa nepeni nebepa, uye masisitimu emakombuta aisasvikika kune vatengi. Vashandi vebhangi vakaisa data kubva kumabhuku ekupasa uye mamwe midhiya mumidziyo inoverenga mari.
Asi muna 1967 kuchamhembe kweLondon kwenguva yokutanga ATM yakanga isiri panzvimbo yebhangi. Uye chiitiko ichi chakachinja kubhengi. Kureruka kwemushandisi kwave chiratidzo chekusimudzira masangano emari. Uye izvi zvakabatsira mabhanga kuti ave nehunyanzvi maererano nekushanda nevatengi nemari yavo. Mushure mezvose, nepo makombiyuta aivepo chete kune vashandi vebhangi, vaigutsikana nekare, "pepa" nzira yekubatana nevatengi. Pakangove nekuuya kwemaATM uyezve kubhengi kwepamhepo uko veruzhinji vakawana mukana wakananga kumabhengi IT masisitimu.
MaATM akanga achangotanga. Nenguva isipi vanhu vakakwanisa kunzvenga mutsara wepabhuku remari nekungofonera bhanga. Izvi zvaida makadhi akakosha akaiswa muverengi anokwanisa kududzira masaini maviri-toni akawanda-frequency (DTMF) anofambiswa kana mushandisi akadzvanya kiyi ye "1" (bvisa mari) kana "2" (dhipoziti mari).
IInternet nemabhengi enhare zvakaunza vatengi pedyo neiyo masisitimu anosimbisa mabhanga. Pasinei nekusiyana kwavo nekumisikidza kwavo, ese aya masisitimu anofanirwa kudyidzana zvinobudirira kune mumwe nemumwe uye neiyo mainframe, kuita account balance cheki, kuita mari yekufambisa, zvichingodaro.
Vashoma vatengi vanofunga nezvekuoma kwakaita nzira yeruzivo kana iwe, semuenzaniso, uchipinda mubhangi repamhepo kuti uone kana kugadzirisa ruzivo nezve mari iri muakaundi yako. Paunopinda mukati, iyi data inopfuudzwa neseti yemaseva; kana iwe uchiita kutengeserana, iyo system inodzokorora iyi data mune backend zvivakwa, izvo zvinobva zvaita kusimudza kunorema-kuendesa mari kubva kune imwe account kuenda kune imwe kubhadhara mabhiri, ita. kubhadhara, uye pfuurira kuzvinyoresa.
Zvino wedzera nzira iyi nemabhiriyoni akati wandei. Zvinoenderana nedata rakanyorwa neWorld Bank nerubatsiro rweBill naMelinda Gates Foundation, vanhu vakuru pasi rose vane akaundi yebhangi. Mumwe nemumwe wevanhu ava ane mabhiri ekubhadhara. Mumwe munhu anobhadhara chikwereti kana kuendesa mari kumakirabhu evana, mumwe munhu anobhadhara kunyoreswa kweNetflix kana kuhaya sevha yegore. Uye vanhu vese ava vanoshandisa mabhanga anopfuura rimwe.
Mazhinji emukati maIT masisitimu ebhangi rimwe (mobile banking, maATM, nezvimwewo) haafanire kungodyidzana. Ivo vanofanirwa kudyidzana nemamwe masisitimu emabhangi muBrazil, China, neGermany. ATM yeFrance inofanirwa kukwanisa kupa mari iri pakadhi rebhangi rakapihwa kumwe kuBolivia.
Mari yagara iri yepasi rose, asi haisati yamboita hurongwa hwakaoma kudaro. Nhamba yenzira dzekushandisa mabhengi IT masisitimu ari kuwedzera, asi nzira dzekare dzichiri kushandiswa. Kubudirira kwebhangi kunonyanya kuenderana nekuti "inochengetedzwa" sei IT zvivakwa, uye kuti bhangi ringaite sei nekutadza kungoerekana kwaitika nekuda kwekuti hurongwa huchave husina basa.
Hapana bvunzo - gadzirira matambudziko
Mukuru weBanco de Sabadell, Jaime Guardiola (kuruboshwe) aiva nechivimbo chekuti zvinhu zvese zvaizofamba zvakanaka. Hazvina kushanda.
Macomputer eTSB masisitimu akange asina kunyatso gadzirisa matambudziko nekukurumidza. Paive, hongu, software glitches, asi muchokwadi bhangi "rakaputsika" nekuda kwekunyanya kuoma kweiyo IT masisitimu. Sekureva kweshumo, iro rakagadzirirwa mumazuva ekutanga ekudzima kukuru, "kusanganiswa kwezvishandiso zvitsva, kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwema microservices akasanganiswa nekushandiswa kwemaActive/Active data centers zvakakonzera njodzi yakaoma mukugadzirwa."
Mamwe mabhanga, akadai seHSBC, anoshanda pasi rose uye nekudaro ane zvakare akaomarara, akabatana masisitimu. Asi ivo vanogara vachiyedzwa, kutama uye kuvandudzwa, sekureva kwemaneja weHSBC IT muLancaster. Anoona HSBC semuenzaniso wekuti mamwe mabhanga anofanira kubata sei IT masisitimu avo: nekupa vashandi uye kushandisa nguva yavo. Asi panguva imwecheteyo anobvuma kuti kubhangi duku, kunyanya iro risina ruzivo rwekufambisa, kuita izvi nenzira yakarurama ibasa rakaoma zvikuru.
Kutama kweTSB kwakanga kwakaoma. Uye, sekureva kwenyanzvi, vashandi vebhangi vaisakwanisa kusvika padanho iri rekuomarara maererano nehunyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, ivo havana kana kumbonetseka kutarisa mhinduro yavo kana kuyedza kutama kumberi.
Panguva yehurukuro muParamende yeBritain pamusoro pezvinetso zvebhangi, Andrew Bailey, mukuru mukuru weFCA, akasimbisa izvi kufungidzira. Kodhi yakashata ingangove yakakonzera matambudziko ekutanga paTSB, asi masisitimu akabatana eiyo network yezvemari yepasi rose aireva kuti kukanganisa kwayo kwakaramba kuripo uye kusadzorereka. Bhangi rakaramba richiona zvikanganiso zvisingatarisirwi kumwe kunhu mune yayo IT architecture. Vatengi vakagamuchira mameseji aive asina zvazvinoreva kana asina chekuita nematambudziko avo.
Kudzokororwa kuyedzwa kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira njodzi nekubata yakaipa kodhi isati yaburitswa mukugadzira uye kukonzera kukuvadzwa nekugadzira tsikidzi dzisingadzoserwe kumashure. Asi bhanga rakafunga kumhanya nemunzvimbo ine zvimbambaira yaraiisatomboziva nezvayo. Migumisiro yacho yaigona kufanotaurwa. Rimwe dambudziko raive "optimization" yemitengo. Zvakazviratidza sei? Chokwadi ndechekuti zvakambosarudzwa kubvisa makopi ekuchengetedza akachengetwa kuLloyds, sezvo "vakadya" mari yakawandisa.
Mabhanga eBritish (nevamwewo) vari kuedza kuwana mana-nines kuwanikwa level, kureva, 99,99%. Mukuita, izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo IT system inofanirwa kuwanikwa nguva dzese, inosvika makumi mashanu nemaviri maminetsi ekuzorora pagore. Iyo "mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe" system, 52%, pakutanga kutarisa haina kusiyana zvakanyanya. Asi muchokwadi izvi zvinoreva kuti nguva yekuzorora inosvika maawa masere pagore. Kubhangi, "mapfumbamwe mana" akanaka, asi "mapfumbamwe mapfumbamwe" haasi.
Asi pese kambani painochinja kune yayo IT zvivakwa, zvinotora njodzi. Pashure pezvose, chimwe chinhu chinogona kukanganisa. Kuderedza shanduko kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko, nepo shanduko dzinodiwa dzinoda kunyatsoyedzwa. Uye vatongi veBritain vakaisa pfungwa dzavo pane iyi pfungwa.
Zvichida nzira iri nyore yekudzivirira nguva yekudzikira ndeyekungoita shanduko shoma. Asi bhanga rega rega, seimwe kambani chero ipi zvayo, rinomanikidzwa kuunza mamwe uye anobatsira maficha kune vatengi uye bhizinesi rayo kuti varambe vachikwikwidza. Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhangi achiri kusungirwa kutarisira vatengi vavo, kuchengetedza mari yavo uye data yega, vachipa mamiriro akasununguka ekushandisa masevhisi. Zvinoitika kuti masangano anomanikidzwa kushandisa nguva yakawanda nemari kuchengetedza hutano hwehupfumi hwavo hweIT, panguva imwe chete vachipa mabasa matsva.
Huwandu hwekutadza kwehunyanzvi hwakataurwa mubazi rezvemari muUK hwakawedzera ne187 muzana pakati pa2017 na2018, maererano nedata rakaburitswa neUK's Financial Conduct Authority. Kazhinji kazhinji, chikonzero chekukundikana matambudziko mukushanda kwekushanda kutsva. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuti mabhanga ave nechokwadi chekugara kusingakanganiswe kushanda kwese masevhisi uye kunenge kuri pakarepo kushuma kwekutengeserana. Vatengi vanogara vachitya kana mari yavo ichirembera kune imwe nzvimbo. Uye mutengi anotya mari nguva dzose chiratidzo chedambudziko.
Mwedzi mishoma mushure mekutadza kuTSB (panguva iyo CEO webhangi akange asiya basa), UK vagadziri vezvemari uye Bank of England. panhaurirano pamusoro penyaya dzekuchengetedza mashandiro. Saka vakaedza kusimudza mubvunzo wekuti mabhanga akadzika sei mukutsvaga hutsva, uye kana vachigona kuvimbisa kushanda kwakagadzikana kwehurongwa hwavave nahwo ikozvino.
Gwaro iri rakakurudzirawo shanduko kumitemo. Yakanga iri yekuita kuti vanhu mukati mekambani vazvidavirire kune izvo zvinotadza mukambani iyoyo IT masisitimu. Vamiriri veParamende yeBritain vakazvitsanangura neiyi nzira: βApo iwe pachako unozvidavirira, uye ukagona kubhuroka kana kuti kuenda kujere, ikoku kuchachinja zvikuru mafungire pamusoro pebasa, kubatanidza kuwedzera nguva inopedzerwa kunhau yokuvimbika nekotsekano.β
Migumisiro
Yese yekuvandudza uye chigamba chinouya pasi kune njodzi manejimendi, kunyanya kana mazana emamiriyoni emadhora achibatanidzwa. Pashure pezvose, kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza, chinogona kudhura maererano nemari uye mukurumbira. Zvingaita sezviri pachena zvinhu. Uye kutadza kwebhangi panguva yekutama kwaifanira kunge kwakavadzidzisa zvakawanda.
Had. Asi haana kundidzidzisa. MunaNovember 2019, TSB, iyo zvakare yakawana purofiti uye zvishoma nezvishoma ichivandudza mukurumbira wayo, "yakafadzwa" vatengi. mumunda weruzivo rwemichina. Kurova kwechipiri kubhanga iri kwaireva kuti richamanikidzwa kuvhara mapazi makumi masere nemaviri muna 82 kuti rideredze mari yaro. Kana kuti aisakwanisa kuchengetedza pane nyanzvi dzeIT.
Kuoma neIT pakupedzisira kunouya nemubhadharo. TSB yakataura kurasikirwa kwemadhora zana nemakumi matatu nemana emamiriyoni muna 134, zvichienzaniswa nepurofiti yemadhora mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu emamiriyoni muna 2018. Mari dzekutama-pashure, kusanganisira muripo wevatengi, kugadzirisa zvinhu zvehutsotsi (izvo zvakawedzera zvakanyanya panguva yekusagadzikana kwebhangi), uye rubatsiro rwebato rechitatu, rwakasvika madhora mazana mana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe. Mupi weIT webhangi akabhadhariswawo madhora zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemana emiriyoni nebasa rayo mudambudziko.
Nekudaro, zvisinei kuti ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvinodzidzwa kubva kubhanga reTSB kukundikana, kukanganisa kucharamba kuchiitika. Havadzivisiki. Asi nekuedza uye kodhi yakanaka, kuparara uye nguva yekuderera inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya. Cloud4Y, iyo inowanzobatsira makambani makuru kutamira kune cloud infrastructure, inonzwisisa kukosha kwekukurumidza kufamba kubva kune imwe nzira kuenda kune imwe. Naizvozvo, isu tinokwanisa kuitisa kuyedzwa kwemutoro uye kushandisa akawanda-level backup system, pamwe nedzimwe sarudzo dzinokutendera kuti utarise zvese zvinogoneka usati watanga kutama.
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Nyorera kune yedu -chiteshi kuti usapotsa chinyorwa chinotevera! Isu tinonyora kwete kanopfuura kaviri pavhiki uye chete pabhizinesi.
Source: www.habr.com