Unoyeuka here nguva yekupedzisira pawakataura nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi? Zvakadini nekuzviita chiitiko chinofadza? Saka handirangariri. Naizvozvo, pakutanga, pabasa rangu rekutanga, kazhinji ndaifanira kudzokorora kwandiri kuti basa rangu rakakosha uye rinobatsira. Ndakabva ndangojoiner support. Ndinoda kugovera ruzivo rwangu mukusarudza basa nemhedziso izvo ndingadai ndakafara kuverenga ndisati ndawana basa ini. (Spoiler: tsigiro inotyisa).
Nyanzvi dzeIT vane ruzivo havafanirwe kuwana chero chinhu chinonakidza kwavari, asi kana iwe uri kungowana iyo nyika yeIT, wobva wagamuchirwa kune katsi.
Dzvanya X kuti utange
Ndakapedza uduku hwangu hwose ndichitamba mitambo yepakombiyuta, ndichiibatanidza nokuedza kushamwaridzana kusina kunaka. Ndadzoka kuchikoro, ndakatanga kuedza kuronga, asi ndakakurumidza kuona kuti yakanga isiri yangu. Nekudaro, ndakaenda kuyunivhesiti kune makuru muIT, kwandakaona kuti kunze kwekuve programmer, kune dzimwe nzvimbo muIT. Pakupera kweyunivhesiti, ndakanga ndatonzwisisa zvakajeka kuti ndaida kuva maneja. Zvivakwa zvakandikwezva zvakanyanya kupfuura kodhi, saka payakasvika nguva yekutsvaga basa, handina kana kumbopokana nazvo.
Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisingabviri kuva mutungamiriri pasina ruzivo rwebasa. Nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, munhu wese aida munhu aiziva maitirwo ekubata iyo IT masisitimu, kana ivo vakapa kugadzirisa matambudziko padanho re "kupa-uye-kuunza". Pasina kuora mwoyo, ndaitsvaga zvingasarudzwa kusvikira shamwari yangu yakandiudza kuti, mushure megore rekushanda mukugamuchira rubatsiro, akadzidzira kusvika pamwero wakakwana kuti ave mutungamiri wehurongwa.
Panguva iyoyo, ndaiziva kuti tsigiro yehunyanzvi yaive yei kubva kune ruzivo rwekutaurirana kwega nevashandi venzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekufona. Kubatsira kwekutaura kwakadaro kwandiri kwaiita zero. Ini ndakabva ndafarira pfungwa yekushanda nehardware nekuimisa, asi ndakaona kushanda mukutsigira senguva inosiririsa yehupenyu yandaizongopedza. Ini mupfungwa ndakazvigadzirira kumabasa asina basa, vatengi vasingapindiki uye kusaremekedza kubva kune vamwe. chaiyo IT nyanzvi.
Zvisinei, ndakakurumidza kuona kuti rubatsiro rwemhizha ndechimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha zvebhizimisi reIT yemazuva ano. Izvo hazvina basa izvo kambani inopa - IaaS, PaaS, chero-se-se-sevhisi - vatengi vachange vaine mibvunzo netsikidzi mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, uye mumwe munhu anozozvibata zvakadaro. Rega ndiite chengetedzo ipapo ipapo kuti tichazotaura nezve tsigiro yehunyanzvi yemitsara ye2+, uye kwete nezvenzvimbo dzekufona.
Tsigiro yehunyanzvi, mhoro
Ndakatanga rwendo rwangu murutsigiro rwemukurumbira wekuRussia wekugamuchira, uyo aive nemukurumbira nerutsigiro rwehunyanzvi. Ikoko ndakakurumidza kusangana nezvandaitya: vatengi uye navo matambudziko. Zvakazoitika kuti mutengi angasanzwisisa zvaanoda, angasanzwisisa kuti dambudziko rake nderei, angasatombonzwisisa kuti ndiani waari kutaura naye. Ndakasangana nevanhu vakandikumbira kuti nditsanangure parunhare muchidimbu kuti Indaneti inoshanda sei kana kushamisika kuti nei vaida kuvagamuchira kana pasina chavanoda kubva paInternet. Asi, zvisinei nematanho akasiyana emibvunzo, munhu wese anofanira kupindura. Uye kana iwe ukatanga kupindura, saka haugone kugumisa hurukuro uye kusiya dambudziko - kunyange yekutanga - isina kugadziriswa. Zvechokwadi, unogona kutumira munhu kuti anyore tikiti nechinetso chiri nyore, asi hazvigoneki kuti angada kugamuchira mhinduro iyo yakareba mutsara nehafu. Muzuva rimwe.
Ipapo ndakaona chimwe chokwadi: rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi ndirwo chiso chekambani. Uyezve, munhu anosangana nazvo mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa: kana zvinhu zvose zvatoputsika, zvinoputika pamberi pemeso ake, kana kuti zvava kuda kutanga. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinoonekwa zvekutaurirana uye hutano hwekubatsira huchapfuudzwa kuburikidza neprism yekushushikana. Ndicho chikonzero mushandi wekutsigira anofanirwa kuziva chigadzirwa chekambani yake zvakanaka. Bvumiranai, hapana mutengi angade kutsanangurira kune vehunyanzvi rutsigiro vanhu vaakatsvaga rubatsiro kuti michina yaakatenga kana kambani yake inoshanda sei. Frantically Googling uchitaurirana nemutengi zvakare iri pasi peavhareji mafaro, kunyangwe zvichiitika.
Imwe pfungwa yakakosha yandakafuratira: rutsigiro runogona kufambisa zvakanyanya uye nekumhanyisa basa revamwe vashandi mukambani. Kana tsigiro ikaunganidza ruzivo rwakakosha uye ichigadzira zvikumbiro zvakaringana kune mainjiniya, izvi zvinochengetedza zvakanyanya nguva yevagadziri uye maneja. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti mushandi werutsigiro anongoendesa mibvunzo kune chaiyo IT nyanzvi? Aihwa! Nekuti kazhinji nyanzvi yekutsigira ine ruzivo inonzwisisa chigadzirwa zviri nani pane vanogadzira vanongotarisira kune yavo chaiyo nzvimbo. Izvo chaizvo nekuda kwekunzwisisa uku kuti vanhu vanotsigirwa vanogona kugadzira chikumbiro chaicho kune vanogadzira, pasina kuvamanikidza kuti vanzwisise dambudziko ivo pachavo.
Izvi zvinotungamira kune imwe, yakakosha pfungwa kwandiri. Kazhinji, tsigiro ndiyo manyuko evashandi. Kazhinji mukugadzirisa matambudziko evatengi, kunzwisisa kunomuka kuti chimiro chazvino chinogona kushandurwa, kugadziridzwa kana kuitwa nyore. Semuenzaniso, script routine zviito kana kuseta yekutarisa. Uyu musanganiswa wemabasa emutengi, mazano ega uye nguva yemahara zvishoma nezvishoma inogadzira techi chaiyo kubva kune akapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti.
Enterprise & Legacy
Pakupedzisira, ndakaona kuti basa iri rakanga rakakomba zvikuru kupfuura zvandaifunga kare. Maonero kwaari achinjawo. Pandakadanwa kuti ndishande murutsigiro rweL3 kuDell Technologies, ndakatanga kunetseka zvishoma. Uye mushure mekunge ndanzwa mazwi anotyisa se "bhizinesi" uye "nhaka" pabvunzurudzo, ndakatanga kufungidzira mumusoro mangu zvinhu zvose zvakaipisisa zvingabatanidzwa nazvo. Iyo hombe grey corporation, vatengi ndivo vakafanana grey corporations, stale matekinoroji, nhete budiriro uye vanozvimiririra giya vanhu. Ndakaona zvakare kuti zvikumbiro zvaizotumirwa kwandiri kwete nevatengi vasinganzwisise zvavanoda, asi nevamwe mainjiniya avo, pane kudaro, vanozviziva chaizvo. Chiso chekambani yavanodyidzana nacho hachisisina kukosha kwavari. Zvinonyanya kukosha kwavari kuti chikafu chakadonha usiku chinogadziriswa nekurasikirwa kwemari kushoma.
Chokwadi chakazova chakanaka kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Kubva pandakashanda mukutsigira husiku, ndakarangarira kuti kurara kwakakosha. Uye kubva kudzidza kuyunivhesiti - kuti munhu anogona kuita zvinhu panguva yekushanda. Nokudaro, ndakaona kuchinja kubva purogiramu yekuchinja (iyo yaidiwa kune dhigirii ra master) kusvika kune yakazara-nguva 5 / 2 sechinhu chinotyisa. Pandakabva kunoshanda ku "grey enterprise", ndakanga ndasvika pakunzwisisa kuti handichazove nenguva yangu pachiedza chezuva. Uye ndakafara zvikuru pandakaona kuti unogona kuuya kana zvakakodzera, uye kana zvisiri nyore, unogona kushanda uri kumba. Kubva panguva ino zvichienda mberi, mufananidzo weDell Technologies sebhizinesi regrey rakatanga kupera simba.
Sei? Chekutanga, nekuda kwevanhu. Ndakabva ndangoona kuti handina kuona pano mhando yandajaira kuona kwese kwese: vanhu vano ok uye zvakadaro. Vamwe vanhu vanongoneta nekusimudzira uye mwero wavakamira unoenderana navo. Vamwe vanhu havagutsikane nebasa ravo uye vanozviona sepasi pechiremera chavo kuti vazviise zvizere mariri. Hakuna mazhinji acho, asi vanhu vakadai vakaita yakasimba uye kure kure neakanakisa fungidziro pahuropi hwangu hudiki. Panguva yandakatanga kushanda kuDell Technologies, ndakanga ndachinja mabasa matatu uye ndakakwanisa kuzvisimbisa kuti iyi yakanga iri mamiriro ekunze kune chero chinzvimbo uye hunyanzvi. Zvakaitika - kwete. Sezvandakasangana nevamwe vangu vatsva, ndakaona kuti pakupedzisira ndakanga ndakombwa nevanhu vanoda kuita chimwe chinhu nguva dzose. "Pakupedzisira" - nokuti vanhu vakadaro vanotanga kushanda semabviro ekukurudzira kwekunze.
Chechipiri, ndakachinja pfungwa nekuda kwemaneja. Kwandiri zvaiita sekunge manejimendi ane hushamwari akajairika kumakambani madiki, uye mune makuru, kunyanya ayo ane mari yakakomba, zviri nyore kugumburwa pamusoro pesimba rakamira. Naizvozvo, apawo ndaitarisira kuomarara uye kuranga. Asi panzvimbo pacho ndakaona chido chechokwadi chekubatsira uye kutora chikamu mukukura kwako. Uye iwo iwo mukana chaiwo wekutaura zvakaenzana nenyanzvi dzine ruzivo kana mamaneja unogadzira mamiriro aunoda kuedza uye kudzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, uye kwete kushanda chete mukati mehurongwa hwekutsanangurwa kwebasa. Pandakaona kuti kambani yaifarirawo kukura kwangu, imwe yekutya kwangu kukuru - kutya kusadzidza chero chinhu mukutsigira - kwakatanga kundisiya.
Pakutanga, ndakafunga kushanda murutsigiro rweL3 sekushanda munzvimbo yakamanikana zvokuti ruzivo urwu rwaisazobatsira chero kupi zvako. Asi, sezvazvakazoitika, kunyangwe kana uchishanda nenzvimbo yakamanikana uye chigadzirwa chemuridzi, kune imwe dhigirii kana imwe iwe uchafanirwa kudyidzana nenharaunda yayo - kanenge iyo inoshanda sisitimu, uye zvakanyanya - nehuwandu husingagumi hwezvirongwa zve. kuoma kwakasiyana. Nekutarisa mukati meiyo inoshanda sisitimu mukutsvaga chikonzero cheimwe chikanganiso, iwe pachako unogona kusangana neayo akaderera-level mechanics, pane kuverenga nezvavo mumabhuku, usinganzwisise kuti inoshanda sei uye nei ichidikanwa.
Kuisa pamasherufu
Basa rekutsigira rakanga risiri zvachose zvandaitarisira. Pane imwe nguva, ndainetseka zvikuru, saka ndinoda kuumba pfungwa dzinoverengeka dzandingadai ndakafara kunzwa pachangu pandakawana basa rangu rokutanga.
- Tsigiro yehunyanzvi ndiyo chiso chekambani. Pamusoro pehunyanzvi hwakapfava, kunzwisisa kuti iwe ndiwe unomiririra kambani yako izvozvi kunobatsira iwe kuzvivakira nhungamiro yehunyanzvi.
- Rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi rubatsiro rwakakosha kune vaunoshanda navo. Robert Heinlein akanyora kuti nyanzvi ndiyo yakawanda yezvipembenene. Izvi zvingava zvechokwadi muzana remakore rechiXNUMX, asi ikozvino muIT zvinhu zvose zvakasiyana. Muchikwata chakanakira, mugadziri anozonyanya kunyora kodhi, maneja achave nebasa rezvivakwa, uye timu yekutsigira ichabata nebugs.
- Tsigiro yehunyanzvi ndiyo sosi yevashandi. Nzvimbo yakasarudzika kwaunogona kuuya usina ruzivo uye nekukurumidza udzidze zvese izvo chero nyanzvi yeIT inoda kuziva.
- Tsigiro yehunyanzvi inzvimbo yakanaka yekuwana ruzivo munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Kunyangwe kana uchishanda nekambani software, imwe nzira kana imwe iwe uchafanirwa kudyidzana nenzvimbo yayo.
Uye nenzira, Enterprise haisi iyo inotyisa. Kazhinji makambani makuru anogona kukwanisa kusarudza kwete vakasimba vehunyanzvi nyanzvi, asi nyanzvi dzinonakidzawo kushanda navo.
Literature
Rimwe rematambudziko makuru kwandiri raive rekunzwisisa maitiro ekukudziridzika panguva dzakanyarara kana pasina mabasa chaiwo. Naizvozvo, ini ndinoda kukurudzira akati wandei emabhuku akandibatsira chaizvo kunzwisisa Linux:
- Unix uye Linux. Gwaro reMutungamiriri weSistimu. Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder, Trent Hayne, Ben Whaley
- Linux Internals. Ward Brian
Ndinokutendai nekuteerera kwenyu! Ndinovimba kuti chinyorwa ichi chichabatsira mumwe munhu kuti anzwisise kuti rutsigiro rwakakosha uye orega kukahadzika sarudzo yavo yenzira.
Source: www.habr.com