Basa rangu guru rine chekuita nedata uye programming on R, asi munyaya ino ndinoda kutaura pamusoro pechido changu, icho chinotounza imwe mari. Ndagara ndichifarira kutaura uye kutsanangura chimwe chinhu kushamwari, vandinodzidza navo uye vandinodzidza navo. Zvaive zvakare nyore kwandiri kuti ndiwane mutauro wakafanana nevana, handizive kuti sei. Kazhinji, ndinotenda kuti kurera uye kudzidzisa vana ndeimwe yemabasa anokosha kupfuura ose, uye mudzimai wangu mudzidzisi. Saka, rinenge gore rapfuura, ndakashambadza muboka repaFacebook remuno, ndikawana boka, ndikatanga kudzidzisa kukwara uye python kamwe pasvondo. Iye zvino ndine mapoka mashanu, kirasi yangu mumba uye zvidzidzo zvega. Kuti ndakasvika sei kuhupenyu hwakadaro uye nemadzidzisiro andinodzidzisa vana, ndichataura munyaya ino.
Ini ndinogara kuCanada, Calgary, Alberta, saka mamwe mapoinzi anozoenderana neako chaiwo.
Chikamuri
Kuve nenzvimbo yekudzidzira raive dambudziko guru kubva pakutanga. Ndakaedza kutsvaga mahofisi nemakirasi ekurenda neawa, asi hazvina kunyatsobudirira. Yunivhesiti yedu uye SAIT - iyo yemuno yakaenzana neMIT - tora makirasi uye pasina makomputa. Mitengo ipapo yakazove isina hunhu, asi mukupedzisira zvakazoitika kuti yunivhesiti haitenderi vadiki kupinda, uye SAIT kazhinji inorenda kuvadzidzi vayo chete. Saka sarudzo iyoyo yakaraswa. Kune akawanda mahofisi emahofisi anorenda makamuri ekusangana uye mahofisi neawa, kune makambani akazara anopa boka rezvisarudzo kubva kukirasi yakazara kune imwe imba yevanhu vana. Ndakanga ndine tariro, sezvo Alberta ipurovhinzi yemafuta, takave nedambudziko rakaderera kubva 2014, uye nzvimbo zhinji dzebhizinesi hadzina chinhu. Ndakatarisira pasina, mitengo yakashanduka kuva yakakwirira zvokuti handina kutombozvitenda pakutanga. Zviri nyore kuti varidzi vagare mumahofisi asina chinhu uye kubhadhara mari pane kuti varase.
Panguva iyoyo, ndakayeuka kuti ndinobhadhara mitero nguva dzose, uye kuti nyika yedu inodiwa, kana kuti, guta reCalgary, rine chimwe chinhu ikoko. Zvakazoitika kuti zviripo. Guta rine nhandare dzekutamba hockey nedzimwe skating, uye munhandare idzi mune makamuri umo varwi vakaoma vechando vanokurukura nzira dzehondo dzemangwana. Muchidimbu, nhandare imwe neimwe ine makamuri akati wandei ane matafura, zvigaro, bhodhi jena uye kunyange singi ine ketero. Mutengo wacho ndewehumwari - 25 Canadian tugriks paawa. Ini pakutanga ndakafunga kuita makirasi kweawa nehafu, saka ndakaisa mutengo wechidzidzo chemadhora makumi matatu nemashanu pamhino muboka revanhu vashanu kubhadhara rendi, ndokuisa chimwe chinhu muhomwe yangu. Kazhinji, ndaifarira kudzidzisa munhandare, yakagadzirisa imwe yezvinetso - vazhinji vatauri veRussia vanogara kumaodzanyemba, uye ini ndinogara kuchamhembe kweguta, saka ndakasarudza nhandare inenge pakati. Asi paivawo nezvinonetsa. Iyo Canadian bureaucracy yakanaka uye ine hushamwari, asi, kuiisa zvinyoro, inogona kunonoka zvishoma. Iko hakuna matambudziko kana iwe uchijaira kune rhythm uye kuronga mberi, asi dzimwe nguva pane zvisingafadzi nguva. Semuenzaniso, pane webhusaiti yeguta, unogona kusarudza zviri nyore nguva nenzvimbo, chengetedza kamuri, asi haugone kubhadhara, chero nzira. Vanofona uye vanobvuma kubhadhara makadhi. Unogona kuenda kuhofisi uye kubhadhara nemari. Pakamboita kanguva kaisetsa asi kasinganakidzi pandaive ndakamirira kudaidzwa kwavo kuti ndibhadhare chidzidzo chechipiri, handina kumirira, zuva rekupedzisira ndakanonoka nemaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika kuhofisi. Ndakatozosvika pavarindi ndakasunga muromo ndonyepa kuti mumba mainge mabooker. Isu vokuCanada tinotora shoko redu pamusoro pazvo, vakandibvumira zvakadzikama uye havana kutarisa chinhu chipi nechipi, asi handaizozviita kana vanhu vanga vasati vatoenda kukirasi.
Saka ndakaita nguva yechando neyechirimo, uyezve pakava neshanduko dzakava dzekupedzisira mashanga. Kutanga, hofisi yakanga yakavharwa kune vashanyi uye yakapiwa kugamuchira mari nefoni pakona. Ndakagara mupassage kweinenge hafu yeawa ndisati ndapedza. Chechipiri, kana tete vangu vasati vatora muripo kubva kwandiri kweawa nehafu, zvino mumwe musikana akatora foni akati muripo waive weawa chete. Panguva iyoyo, ndaive neboka revatatu, ipapo vanhu vaviri, uye imwe $ 12.5 yakanga isiri yepamusoro zvachose. Hongu, ini ndine pfungwa, asi kana mudzimai wangu akandidzinga mumugwagwa, ipapo pachange pasina anodzidzisa. Ndaive ndichiri rovha ipapo.
Uye ndakafunga kuenda ku library. Maraibhurari anorenda makamuri akanaka mahara, asi pane chinhu chimwe - haugone kuita zviitiko zvekutengesa. Kunyange masangano anobatsira haabvumirwi kuunganidza mari ikoko. Ndakaudzwa kuti izvi hazvisi kunyanya kudzorwa, chinhu chikuru hachisi kutora mari pamusuwo ipapo, asi ini handidi chaizvo kutyora mitemo. Rimwe dambudziko nderekuti makamuri anogara akabatikana uye zvakaoma kuronga makirasi panguva imwe chete munzvimbo imwe. Ndakadzidzisa mumaraibhurari muzhizha uye kutanga kwechando, ndaifanira kusarudza idzo pakanga paine nzvimbo, somugumisiro ndakachinja maraibhurari mashanu kana matanhatu. Ipapo ndakatanga kugovera nzvimbo mwedzi miviri pachine nguva mberi, uye ipapo, zvakazoitika kuti zvaiitwa bedzi muraibhurari imwe duku, mune imwe neimwe pakanga pasina nguva dzose nzvimbo panguva chaiyoiyo. Uye ipapo ndakasarudza kuita kirasi yekombuta kumba. Ndakaturika bhodhi, ndikatenga tafura yechipiri uye akati wandei ekare mamonitor pane ad. Kubasa, kambani yakanditengera laptop itsva ine simba, nokuti pakombiyuta yangu kuongorora kwakatora maawa anenge makumi maviri nemana. Pakazara, ndaive nekombuta nyowani yekare, komputa yekare, laptop yaive yakapwanyika skrini yangu uye netbook rekare randakapwanya skrini ini. Ndakavabatanidza vese kune monitors uye ndakaisa Linux mint kwese kwese, kunze kweiyo netbook, yandakaisa yakareruka kugovera, inoita kunge pappy. Ndinewo laptop itsva yakatengwa ne$24, ndakaibatanidza neTV. Zvinotonyanya kukosha ndezvokuti mugamuchiri wedu nguva pfupi yadarika akatishandurira mahwindo, uye imba yacho yava nemafuremu machena matsva pachinzvimbo chetsvina yakadonha. Mudzimai anochengeta imba yekutandarira, yekubikira neyechipiri yekurara sekireshi, saka pasi rese rakashanduka kuve rekudzidzisa. Saka, ikozvino zvinhu zvose zvakanaka nekamuri, ngatiende zvakananga kukudzidzisa.
Scratch
Ini ndinotanga kupa izvo zvekutanga zvehurongwa nemutauro weScratch. Uyu mutauro unoshandisa mabhuroko akagadzirira, akagadzirwa panguva iyoyo kuMIT. Vana vazhinji vakatoona scratch kuchikoro, saka vanokurumidza kujaira. Kune zvirongwa zvakagadzirirwa uye zvirongwa zvezvidzidzo, asi ini handizvidi zvachose. Zvimwe zvinoshamisa - gadzira yako nyaya, semuenzaniso. Chirongwa chose chine mabhuroko asingaverengeki say '<...>' for 2 seconds. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti vanhu vakanyanya kugadzira vakauya nazvo, asi nenzira iyi, unogona kudzidzisa kunyora kodhi yeIndia spaghetti code. Kubva pakutanga chaipo, ndinotaura nezvemisimboti yakaita seDRY.Mimwe miunganidzwa yemabasa yakanaka chose, asi vana vanokurumidza kusvika padanho uye votanga kuagadzira kunge pfuti yemuchina. Nekuda kweizvozvo, muchidzidzo chimwe vanoita zvavaifanira kunge vakaita muzvishanu. Uye zvinotora nguva yakawanda yemunhu kutsvaga nekusarudza mabasa. Kazhinji, kukwenya kwakafanana kwete mutauro, asi IDE, kwaunongoda kurangarira kupi nekudzvanya uye kupi kutsvaga chimwe chinhu. Kana vadzidzi vangowedzera kana kushoma, ndinoedza kuvashandura kuita python. Ndine musikana ane makore manomwe anonyora zvirongwa zviri nyore mupython. Chandinoona serubatsiro rwekukwenya ndechekuti ine dzidziso dzakakosha dzinodzidzwa nenzira yekutamba. Nechimwe chikonzero zvakaomera munhu wese pasina kusarudzika kuti anzwisise pfungwa yekusiyana. Ndakambotanga ndamhanya nemusoro wenyaya iyi ndokuenderera mberi kusvika ndazoona kuti vaisaziva zvekuita nazvo. Iye zvino ndinopedza nguva yakawanda kune zvakasiyana-siyana uye ndinogara ndichidzokera kwavari. Unofanira kuita benzi kutuka. Ini ndinoshandura zvakasiyana-siyana pahwindo uye ndoita kuti vataure kukosha kwavo. Scratch zvakare ine zvimiro zvekutonga uye kukosha kwekutarisa, senge while, for kana if mu python. Ivo vanopihwa zviri nyore, chete kune matambudziko ane nested loops. Ini ndinoedza kupa akati wandei mabasa ane nested loop, uye kuti chiito chayo chionekwe. Mushure maizvozvi, ndinoenda kumabasa. Kunyange kune vanhu vakuru, pfungwa yebasa haisi pachena, uye kunyanya kuvana. Kwenguva yakareba ndiri kuroverera kuti basa chii, kutaura nezve fekitori inogamuchira zvinhu sekuisa, asi inopa zvinhu, nezve mubiki anoita chikafu kubva kune yakabikwa zvigadzirwa. Zvadaro tinoita chirongwa che "kugadzira sandwich" nezvigadzirwa, uye tobva taita basa kubva mairi, izvo zvigadzirwa zvinopfuudzwa semaparameter. Pachidzidzo chemabasa, ndinopedza nekukwenya.
Python
Zviri nyore nepython. Kune bhuku rakanaka rinonzi Python for Kids, uye ndinorishandisa kudzidzisa. Zvese zvakajairwa ipapo - mitsara, kurongeka kwekushanda, print(), input() etc. Yakanyorwa nemutauro uri nyore, nekuseka, vana vanozvifarira. Iine chikanganiso chakajairika kumabhuku akawanda ehurongwa. Sezviri mujoke rinozivikanwa - nzira yekukwevera zizi. Oval - denderedzwa - zizi. Kubva papfungwa dzakapfava zvikuru shanduko inongoerekana yachinja kuenda kupfungwa dzakaoma kunzwisisa. Zvinonditorera masesheni akati wandei kubatanidza chinhu kune dot nzira. Kune rumwe rutivi, handisi kukurumidza, ndinodzokorora chinhu chimwe chete nenzira dzakasiyana kusvikira imwe mhando yemufananidzo yabuda. Ini ndinotanga nekusiyana uye ndovarova zvakare, panguva ino mupython. Variables chituko.
Mudzidzi anokurumidza kuchenjera, uyo mwedzi mishoma yapfuura akadzvanya zvine hungwaru zvinosiyana pakatanga, anotaridzika segondohwe pagedhi idzva uye haakwanise kuwedzera X neY, iyo yakanyorwa zvakajeka pabhodhi mumutsetse uri pamusoro. Tinodzokorora! Chii chinonzi variable? Zita nerevo! Chiratidzo chakaenzana chinorevei? Basa! Tinoongorora sei kuenzana? Chiratidzo chakaenzana kaviri! Uye saka tinodzokorora zvakare uye zvakare, kusvikira kujekeswa kwakakwana. Ipapo tinoenda kumabasa, uko tsananguro yenharo inotora nguva refu. Mazita nharo, nechinzvimbo, nekusingaperi, zvichingodaro. Hatisati tapinda mukirasi. Pamusoro pepython, isu tinodzidza algorithms akakurumbira kubva mubhuku, zvimwe pane izvo gare gare.
Chaizvoizvo, kudzidzisa
Chidzidzo changu chakarongedzwa seizvi - kwehafu yeawa ndinopa dzidziso, tarisa ruzivo, simbisa izvo zvandakadzidza. Awa - labs. Kazhinji ndinotakurwa uye kushambadza kusvika awa, ipapo hafu yeawa inosara yekudzidzira, zvichiteerana. Pandakanga ndichidzidza python, ndakaongorora kosi yacho Algorithms uye Zvimiro zveData Khiryanova kubva kuMIPT. Ndakafarira chaizvo mharidzo yake uye chimiro chehurukuro. Pfungwa yake ndeyekuti marongero, syntax, maraibhurari haashande. Architecture, kushanda pamwe, shanduro yekudzora masisitimu - ichiri kare. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kune algorithms uye data zvimiro zvagara zvichizivikanwa uye zvichagara zviri muchimiro chakafanana. Ini pachangu ndinorangarira chete nhamba kubva kuInstitute Pascal. Sezvo vadzidzi vangu vazhinji vari vadiki, kubva pamakore manomwe kusvika gumi nemashanu, ndinotenda kuti zvakakosha kuti ramangwana ravo riise hwaro pane kukurumidza kunyora platformer mupython. Kunyangwe, ivo vanoda mutambi wepuratifomu zvakanyanya, uye ini ndinovanzwisisa. Ini ndinovapa akareruka algorithms - bubble, bhinari yekutsvaga mune yakarongwa runyorwa, dzosera zvinyorwa zvePolish uchishandisa stack, asi isu tinoongorora imwe neimwe zvakadzama. Zvakazoitika kuti vana vemazuva ano havazivi musimboti kuti komputa inoshanda sei, ini ndinokuudzawo. Ndinoedza kubatanidza pfungwa dzinoverengeka pamwechete muhurukuro imwe neimwe. Semuyenzaniso, komputa - ndangariro / processor - ndangariro kubva kumaseru (regai ndibate memory plate, fungidzira kuti mangani maseru ari pano) - sero rega rega rakaita segirobhu remwenje - kune maviri anoti - chokwadi / nhema - uye / kana - binary / decimal - 8bit = 1byte - byte = 256 sarudzo - Boolean data type pabhiti - Integers per byte - float pamabhayiti maviri string pane imwe byte - nhamba huru pane 64 bits - runyoro uye tuple kubva kumhando dzakapfuura. Ini ndinochengetedza kuti mukombuta chaiyo zvinhu zvese zvakati siyanei uye chiyero chakasiyana chekuyeuka kune aya marudzi e data, asi chinhu chikuru ndechekuti isu pachedu tinogadzira zvakanyanya kuoma data marudzi kubva kune ari nyore mukuita. Marudzi edata ndiwo zvimwe chinhu chakaomesesa kurangarira. Naizvozvo, ini ndinotanga chidzidzo chega chega nekukurumidza kudziya - mumwe mudzidzi anodudza rudzi rwe data, rinotevera rinopa mienzaniso miviri, zvichingodaro mudenderedzwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ndakawana kuti kunyangwe vana vadiki vanoshevedzera nemufaro - svetuka! boolean! nomwe, shanu! pizza, motokari! Panguva yehurukuro, ndinogara ndichidhonza imwe kana imwe, kana zvisina kudaro vanokurumidza kutanga kutora mhino dzavo uye kutarisa padenga. Hongu, uye nhanho yeruzivo rweumwe neumwe inofanira kuongororwa pakati penguva.
Vadzidzi vangu havamboregi kundishamisa neupenzi hwavo uye nekukasira kusingatarisirwe. Ungwaru, rombo rakanaka, kazhinji.
Ndaida kunyora zvakawanda, asi kunyange zvakadaro bepa rakabuda. Ndichapindura mibvunzo yese nekunakidzwa. Ini ndinogamuchira chero kushoropodzwa munzira dzese dzinogoneka, chikumbiro chete - kuve nekushivirira kune mumwe nemumwe mumashoko. Ichi chinyorwa chakanaka.
Source: www.habr.com