TL; DR. Vamwe vanhu vanoona nyika zvakasiyana. Imwe kambani yeNew York software yakafunga kushandisa izvi semubairo wekukwikwidza. Vashandi vayo vane 75% vanoedza vane autism spectrum disorders. Zvinotoshamisa ndezvokuti izvo zvinhu zvinoda vanhu vane autistic zvakaratidza kubatsira kune wese: maawa anochinjika, basa riri kure, Slack kutaurirana (panzvimbo yemisangano yekutarisana), chirongwa chakajeka chemusangano wega wega, hapana mahofisi akavhurika, hapana kubvunzurudza, basa. imwe nzira yekusimudzira kune maneja, nezvimwe.
Rajesh Anandan akatanga Ultranauts (yaimbova Ultra Testing) neMIT yake dorm roommate Art Schectman aine chinangwa chimwe: kuratidza izvozvo. (neurodiversity) uye autism yevashandi mukana wekukwikwidza mubhizinesi.
"Kune nhamba inoshamisa yevanhu vari pa autism spectrum vane zvipo zvisingatarisirwi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana," anodaro Anandan. "Havapiwi mukana wakanaka wekubudirira pabasa nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze, maitiro ebasa, uye 'bhizinesi semazuva ese' maitiro asina kunyatsoshanda pakutanga uye anonyanya kukuvadza vanhu vane mafungiro aya."
Iyo New York-yakavakirwa mhando engineering yekutanga ndeimwe yemafemu mazhinji anonyanya kutsvaga vashandi vane autism. Asi zvirongwa mumakambani akadai , dzakaganhurirwa pamwero. Vakasikwa kuti vatsigire avo vanonzi "vadiki". Kusiyana neizvi, maUltranauts akavaka bhizinesi rakatenderedza vanhu vane pfungwa dzakakosha, vakatanga kushingaira kutsvaga vashandi vakadaro uye kugadzira nzira itsva dzekushanda kuti vabudirire kutonga zvikwata zve "mixed-type".
"Takasarudza kushandura zviyero zvebasa rose, maitiro ekuhaya, kudzidzisa uye kutarisira timu," anotsanangura kudaro Anandan.
Kurudyi: Rajesh Anandan, muvambi weUltranauts, anoyedza kuratidza kukosha kwekusiyana kwetsinga muvashandi (mufananidzo: Getty Images)
Izwi neurodiversity rave richishandiswa nguva pfupi yadarika, asi harisi izwi rinogamuchirwa. Rinoreva , iyo inogona kunge yakabatana nemamiriro ezvinhu akadai se dyslexia, autism uye ADHD.
Tsvakiridzo kubva kuUK's National Autistic Society (NAS) yakaona kuti hurovha hunoramba hwakanyanya pakati pevanhu vane autism muUK. Muongororo ye2000 vakapindura chete , ukuwo 77% yevanhu vasina mabasa vakati vanoda kushanda.
Zvipingamupinyi zvekushanda kwavo kwemazuva ose zvichiri zvakanyanya. Maneja anodyidzana nevashandirwi weNAS Richmal Maybank anotaura zvikonzero zvakati kuti: βRondedzero dzebasa dzinowanzoenderana nemaitiro akajairika uye dzinongoitikawo hazvo,β anodaro. "Mafemu ari kutsvaga 'vatambi vetimu' uye 'vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana', asi pane kushomeka kweruzivo rwakananga."
Vanhu vane autism vane dambudziko rekunzwisisa mutauro wakadaro. Ivo zvakare vanonetsekana nemimwe yakajairika mibvunzo yekubvunzurudza senge "Unozviona uri kupi mumakore mashanu?"
Vanhu vanganzwawo kusagadzikana kutaura nezvemamiriro avo ezvinhu uye kushanda mumahofisi akazaruka mavanonzwa vachimanikidzwa kutaura uye vane ruzha rusingagamuchirwi.
Makore mashanu gare gare, Ultranauts yakawedzera chikamu chevashandi pane autism spectrum kusvika 75%. Mhedzisiro iyi yakawanikwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nekuda kwemaitiro matsva ekuhaya. Mamwe makambani anowanzoisa kukosha kwepamusoro paunyanzvi hwekutaurirana kana achihaya vashandi, izvo zvisingabatanidzi vanhu vane autism. Asi kuUltranauts hakuna mabvunzurudzo, uye vakwikwidzi havana kupihwa runyoro rwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi: "Takatora nzira ine chinangwa chekusarudza vavhoti," anodaro Anandan.
Panzvimbo pekutangazve uye kubvunzurudzwa, vangangove vashandi vanopinda ongororo yehunyanzvi iyo vanoongororwa pa25 software tester hunhu, sekugona kudzidza masisitimu matsva kana kugamuchira mhinduro. Mushure mebvunzo dzekutanga, vangangove vashandi vanoshanda kure kure kwevhiki imwe, nemubhadharo wakakwana wevhiki iyoyo. Mune ramangwana, vanogona kusarudza kushanda pane DTE (inoda-nguva yakaenzana) purogiramu, ndiko kuti, nhamba isingaverengeki yemaawa ekushanda: zvakanyanya sezvazviri kwavari, kuitira kuti varege kusungirirwa kubasa renguva yakazara. .
"Nekuda kwesarudzo iyi, tinogona kuwana tarenda tisina ruzivo rwebasa, asi ndiani ane mukana we95% achave akanaka kwazvo pazviri," anotsanangura Anandan.
Makwikwi mabhenefiti
Kutsvakurudza ΠΈ vakaratidza kuti kuwedzera kusiyana kwevashandi vanofunga zvakasiyana kune mabhenefiti makuru ebhizinesi. Vashandi ava vakaratidzirwa kuwedzera mazinga ehunyanzvi uye kugadzirisa matambudziko nekuti vanoona nekunzwisisa ruzivo kubva kune akawanda maonero. Vatsvakurudzi vakawanawo kuti nzvimbo dzekugara dzakanangana nevashandi ava, dzakadai semaawa anochinja kana basa riri kure, dzakabatsirawo vashandi ve "neurotypical" - kureva, vamwe vose.
Mutungamiri weFrance Emmanuel Macron pachiitiko muParis muna 2017 kusimudzira ruzivo nezve autism (mufananidzo: Getty Images)
Makambani mazhinji ari kutanga kuona kuti maonero akatambanuka anopa mukana wekukwikwidza, kunyanya kunze kwechikamu cheIT. Vari kukumbira NAS rubatsiro mukutora vashandi vane autism. NAS inokurudzira kutanga neshanduko diki, sekuona hurongwa hwakajeka hwemusangano wega wega. Agenda uye maturusi akafanana anobatsira vashandi vakaremara kuti vatarise paruzivo rwakakodzera rwunodiwa uye kuronga zvinhu zviri mberi, zvichiita kuti misangano ive yakasununguka kune wese.
"Zvatiri kupa itsika yakanaka kune chero kambani, kwete vanhu vane autism. Idzi inzira dzakareruka dzinowanzoburitsa mhedzisiro nekukurumidza, anodaro Maybank. "Vashandirwi vanofanirwa kunzwisisa tsika nemitemo isina kunyorwa yesangano ravo kubatsira vanhu kufamba."
Maybank anga achishanda nevanhu vane autistic kwemakore gumi. Sezvineiwo, angade kuona anosungirwa kudzidziswa makosi emaneja uye ane hushamwari zvirongwa zvekubatsira kuvaka hukama kubasa. Anotendawo kuti vashandirwi vanofanirwa kupa akasiyana mabasa esarudzo kune vanhu vasingade kuve mamaneja.
Asi anoti kusiyana-siyana kwetsinga kwakavandudza mamiriro ekunze: "Munhu wese ari kuve akavhurika kune akasiyana maitiro eautistic uye neurodiverse maitiro," anotsanangura kudaro nyanzvi. "Vanhu vane maonero ekuti autism chii, asi nguva dzose zviri nani kubvunza munhu wacho pachake. Pasinei nemamiriro akafanana, vanhu vanogona kunge vakapesana zvachose. "
New technologies
Nekudaro, izvi ndezve zvinopfuura kungosimudza ruzivo. Basa riri kure uye matekinoroji matsva anobatsira vamwe vashandi vese avo mamiriro epamberi anga asiri iwo akanyanya kunaka.
Zvishandiso zvebasa, zvinosanganisira chikuva chekutumira mameseji Slack uye rondedzero-yekugadzira app Trello, yakavandudza kutaurirana kwevashandi vari kure. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanopa mamwe mabhenefiti kune vanhu vari pa autism spectrum kana vachinetseka kutaurirana mumunhu.
Ultranauts inoshandisa matekinoroji aya uye zvakare inogadzira maturusi ayo evashandi.
βMakore anoverengeka apfuura, mumwe waanoshanda naye akaseka kuti zvaizova zvakanaka kuona bhuku rekushandisa richibatanidzwa nemushandi wose,β anoyeuka kudaro mutungamiriri wekambani yacho. "Takaita izvo chaizvo: iye zvino chero munhu anogona kuburitsa kuzvitsanangura kunonzi" biodex. Inopa vatinoshanda navo ruzivo rwese nezve nzira dzakanakisa dzekushanda nemumwe munhu. "
Flexible workspaces uye kugadziridzwa kwekambani kune autism kwakave budiriro huru kune Ultranauts, avo vava kugovana zviitiko zvavo.
Zvakazoitika kuti kuiswa kwemamiriro ezvinhu kune vanhu vane autism hakuna kuwedzera matambudziko kune vamwe vashandi uye hakuna kuderedza kushanda kwavo kwekushanda, asi zvinopesana. Vanhu vaimbove vakambofuratirwa vakakwanisa kuratidza matarenda avo echokwadi: "Takaratidza nguva nenguva zvakare ... kuti tiri pakugona kwedu nekuda kwekusiyana kwechikwata chedu," anodaro Anandan.
Source: www.habr.com