Kunyangwe manejimendi, hupfumi uye mutemo zvakaramba zviri pakati penzvimbo dze "pamusoro" dzekudzidziswa kumayunivhesiti kwemakore mazhinji, nguva pfupi yadarika mukurumbira wehunyanzvi hweIT wakawedzera zvinooneka. Vanyoreri nevabereki vavo vakatarisana nemubvunzo yunivhesiti ipi yekuenda ΠΈ zvei specialty?
Dzidzo yepamusoro muIT inotodiwa here?
Ini handitomboda kusimudza musoro uyu - makopi mazhinji akatyorwa panhau iyi mumakakatanwa munharaunda yehunyanzvi. Asi zvakadaro, ndinocherechedza kuti kune nzvimbo apo kuvapo kwe "shongwe" kunosungirwa kana kupa mamwe mabhenefiti: kushanda seinjiniya (kugadzira telecom, nzvimbo dzedata, nezvimwewo), kushandira nyika. mabhizinesi, kudzidza Machine Kudzidza, kuenda kunze kwenyika, kunyoresa muchirongwa cheMBA, nezvimwe.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kana iwe uchienda 62% programmer vacancies haadi dzidzo yepamusoro, asi - 61%. Uye vazhinji vashandi veIT vane dzidzo isiri-yakakosha - ichokwadi.
Asi sezvo tiri pano, tichafungidzira kuti sarudzo yekuita yakasarudzwa.
Russia kana kunze kwenyika?
Chokwadi: Dzidzo yemumba iri kupinda munguva dzakaoma, uye mayunivhesiti mazhinji ekunze (semuenzaniso, chiGerman, French, Scandinavia) anopa mahara kana anenge emahara dzidzo yepamusoro pa bachelor's, master's uye postgraduate level. Pane zvingasarudzwa nekudzidziswa muChirungu. Uyu ndiwo mukana chaiwo wekufamba uye kuramba uchishanda mu "nyika yekutanga".
Mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo anosiyana munyika nenyika. Zvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvevanyoreri zvingave zvisina ruzivo ruzivo rwemitauro yekunze uye kusakwanisa kubhadhara (inodhura) pekugara.
Sezvineiwo, handina kuwana mukana wekufunda kunze kwenyika. Nyaya dzakawanda dzebudiriro dzakatounganidzwa munzvimbo dzenzvimbo ΠΈ .
Kupfuurirazve isu tichataura chete nezvechokwadi cheRussia.
Kusarudza yunivhesiti
Muna 2018, maererano neYandex Atlas muRussia 344 Yunivhesiti yakagamuchira vanyoreri mumunda we "Informatics uye Computer Science". Asi haasi ese mayunivhesiti anobatsira zvakaenzana.
Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kuzvisarudzira mibvunzo yakakosha: wagadzirira kutamira kune rimwe guta / dunhu? Iyo yunivhesiti ine dormitory here? Pane kudiwa kwe "dhipatimendi remauto" (kubva ku2019 "nzvimbo yekudzidzira mauto")? Izvi zvichaderedza zvakanyanya nhamba yezvisarudzo.
Kudzidza yunivhesiti rankings
Kuyera kuri kure nechokwadi chakakwana, nekuti hapana nzira isina kujeka yekuona kunaka kwedzidzo. Mukuwedzera, mukati meyunivhesiti pane nguva dzose yakasimba uye isina simba masimba uye madhipatimendi. Zvisinei, zvinobatsira kutarisa ratings.
International
Kubva kumayunivhesiti eRussia kuenda munzira yeComputer Science (, , ) mazana ekutanga chete ndiwo anogara achisanganisirwa . Asi kuiswa muzviyero pachazvo hakuna kuipa. Kazhinji zvinosanganisira: , , , , , , , - anotungamira mayunivhesiti munyika.
Russian
Zvinobatsira kwazvo kujairana nemasanji eiyo Unified State Exam yekupinda akawanda enzvimbo dzekufarira, semuenzaniso mu. . Chiyero chepamusoro chinonyanya kupindirana nevepasirese; pakati pevanotungamira zvakakodzerawo kutaurwa , , . Iwo mayunivhesiti akafanana anogona kuwanikwa kumusoro .
Kuwana chimiro uye kupinda muchirongwa inoratidzawo chimiro chepamusoro cheyunivhesiti.
Iwo akanyorwa "major ligi" mayunivhesiti anowanzo kuzivikanwa kune vashandirwi nevashandi vavo. Asi zvakaoma kupinda uye kudzidza ikoko.
IBS Kudzidza
Chidzidzo chinonakidza chakaitwa muna 2016 neRussia IT hofori IBS: . Heino muenzaniso wakatorwa kubva kune saiti data maererano ne2015 vakapedza kudzidza kune mamwe mayunivhesiti eMoscow technical:
βΊ Tafura: mihoro yevakapedza kudzidza kuMoscow technical mayunivhesitiTafura inoratidza chikamu cheavo vakashanda uye avhareji yemari yekubhadhara pakarepo mushure mekupedza kudzidza.
| Sangano redzidzo | Mugove webasa, %* | Avhareji yemuhoro, β½** |
| Moscow Aviation Institute | 80 | 57 693 |
| Moscow State Technical University yakatumidzwa zita reN. E. Bauman | 85 | 66 722 |
| Moscow State University yakatumidzwa zita reM.V. Lomonosov | 90 | 80 325 |
| Moscow State University of Food Production | 75 | 42 963 |
| Moscow Technical University of Communications uye Informatics | 80 | 60 165 |
| Russian Technological University (MIREA+MITT+MGUPI) | 75 | 50 792 |
| Moscow Technical University of Communications uye Informatics | 75 | 52 629 |
| Moscow Institute of Physics uye Technology (nyika yunivhesiti) | 100 | 104 450 |
| National Research Technological University "MISiS" | 80 | 51 450 |
| National Research University Higher Chikoro cheEconomics | 85 | 66 476 |
| National Research University "Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology" | 85 | 56 219 |
| National Research University "MPEI" | 75 | 58 332 |
| National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI" | 85 | 65 532 |
* - yenguva yakazara (yakazara-nguva), yekutanga dzidzo yepamusoro; ** - vakapedza kudzidza muna 2015 muna 2016
Ehe, muhoro wakapihwa ndeye "avhareji tembiricha muchipatara," asi mutsauko pakati pemayunivhesiti unoonekwa nemeso.
Sarudzo: "yakasimba" yunivhesiti
Nharo dzekubvuma kumayunivhesiti anokwikwidza zvikuru:
- dzidzo yepamusoro-soro: zviri nani kuva mudzidzi weC paMoscow State University pane mudzidzi akanakisisa pachikoro chekuvaka fenzi;
- nharaunda inokurudzira: muyunivhesiti yakanaka iwe uchafanirwa kuedza kune yakajairika nhanho, muyunivhesiti yakaipa, pane kudaro, inoonekwa seushingi kusadzidza chinhu uye neimwe nzira kupasa negiredhi "inogutsa";
- kutanga hukama hunobatsira nevakomana vanogona;
- kukwezva kwediploma kune mushandirwi (zvichida kana uchitsvaga rekutanga kana rechipiri basa).
Cons:
- kana tisiri kutaura nezve imwe mhando yemakomputa epamusoro, zvidzidzo zveIT zvinogona kuitwa zvakazvimiririra nekufarira kwakakodzera;
- Izvo zvakanyanya kuoma kunyorera, iwe unofanirwa kugadzirira pachine nguva;
- zvichatora zvakawanda nerd, kana zvisina kudaro zviri nyore kubhururuka kunze.
Ndingakurudzira kuti vana vane tarenda refizikisi nemasvomhu vachiri kuedza kupinda yunivhesiti yepamusoro. Asi unofanira kufunga kuti vamwe vana vari kugadzirira kupinda muMoscow State University kubva giredhi 9.
Sarudzo: "nguva dzose" yunivhesiti
Zvakadaro, vazhinji venyanzvi vanodzidziswa kumayunivhesiti akareruka. Kana muverengi, semunyori weposvo, asina nyeredzi dzakakwana mudenga, saka chinangwa chedu kubvumidzwa kuyunivhesiti ine hunyanzvi hweindasitiri.
Sei mayunivhesiti achiturika vhudzi munzeve dzavo?
Chokwadi: mumakore gumi apfuura, nhamba yevanyoreri ne 40% inotyisa. Huwandu hwenzvimbo dzebhajeti mumayunivhesiti zvakare hwadzikira, asi kwete zvakanyanya.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mayunivhesiti anofanirwa kukwikwidza kune vanonyorera: vanofanirwa kuzadza nzvimbo dzebhajeti, zvikasadaro nzvimbo idzi dzinogona kutemwa kwegore rinotevera, uye zvingavewo zvakanaka kunyoresa vanobhadhara vadzidzi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu emakwikwi akadai, mayunivhesiti anofanirwa kudzidza kushambadzira kunyangwe vachichida kana kusada. Naizvozvo, zvinongoitika kuti pawebhusaiti yepamutemo, uye pazuva rakavhurika, yunivhesiti ichaimba rumbidzo yayo - hapana chikonzero chekutora zvese zvinonzwika pamutengo wakatarisana.
Zvisarudzo zvisina mubvunzo
Ndeipi dzidzo inokosheswa zvishoma?
- tsamba/kudzidza kure - mamiriro ezvinhu muhupenyu akasiyana, asi kana iwe uine mukana wekudzidza nguva yakazara, saka zviri nani kuenda kune yakazara-nguva (kana manheru manheru);
- unaccredited specialty - hapana kuderedzwa kubva kuuto + mukana wekugamuchira panzvimbo yehurumende. diploma uye diploma (kana wabvumirwa iwe uchavimbiswa kuti chirongwa ichi chingori hunyanzvi, uye kubvumidzwa kuchagamuchirwa munguva pfupi);
- target set - kwete kutyisa, asi kutaura zvinyoro, hazvisi zvemunhu wese: yakaderera pane yekupasa giredhi, asi mushure mekupedza kudzidza - kumanikidzwa kupihwa kune imwe sangano rekutsvagisa kana masangano ekuchengetedza mutemo (= muhoro wakaderera);
- bazi - sekutonga, kuderera zvakanyanya kupfuura yunivhesiti yemubereki (kana isiri yunivhesiti yakabatana, ona pazasi);
- kwete yunivhesiti yehunyanzvi - semayunivhesiti ehunyanzvi ave kunyanya kutarisisa kudzidzisa magweta uye economists, uye zvinopesana - mayunivhesiti anobatsira vanhu ari kuyedza kudzidzisa nyanzvi dzeIT; Kune kunze kwakanaka, semuenzaniso, HSE yepamusoro, kutanga, yakagadzira Faculty yeComputer Science mukubatana neYandex, uye chechipiri, mu2012 "yakadya" yakanaka IT yunivhesiti, MIEM;
- yunivhesiti yekutengeserana (isina-nyika). - mayunivhesiti akazvimirira kazhinji anofarira kudzidzisa magweta uye vane mari; isu hatisati tanzwa nezve akasimba akavanzika IT mayunivhesiti parizvino. Vamwe, maererano nerunyerekupe, vanowanzoshanda mu "kudzoka kamwe chete mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega nebhuku rekodhi nemari" mode. Ona zvinosemesa .
Idzi hadzisi dzidziso: hongu, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchitarisa mamiriro acho.
Kubatanidzwa kweYunivhesiti
Kusiyana, inofanira kutaurwa kuti muMoscow neSt. Petersburg mumakore achangopfuura kubatanidzwa kwakawanda kwemayunivhesiti. Zvimwe zvaive zvisinganzwisisike - nekuda kwekuswedera kwenzvimbo: semuenzaniso, migodhi uye maindasitiri eMoscow State University of Humanities akabatanidzwa kuInstitute of Steel uye Alloys MISiS, uye kemikari Institute of Chemical Technology yakabatanidzwa kuInstitute of Radioelectronics uye otomatiki (MIREA). Zvakare, iyo yekugadzira chiridzwa MGUPI yakava chikamu cheMIREA. HSE, yakatora MIEM Institute of Electronics uye Mathematics, yakagamuchira zvivakwa zvayo pakati, uye MIEM pachayo yakatamira kunze kweguta - kuStrogino.
Panguva imwecheteyo, "chiratidzo" chinoramba chiri kubva kuyunivhesiti "yakasimba". Avo. kupinda mubazi reMytishchi reMSTU. Bauman, zvakakodzera kuyeuka kuti makore matatu apfuura yaive iyo University yeSango.
Specialities
Kunyangwe zvinogoneka kuendesa kune imwe hunyanzvi, zviri nani kukurumidza kusarudza iyo chaiyo, zvikasadaro iwe uchafanirwa kubhadhara boka re "zvikwereti".
Sarudzo yehunyanzvi inosanganiswa nesarudzo yefaculty uye dhipatimendi rekupedza kudzidza. Mune chero yunivhesiti kune masimba akasimba uye asina simba, saka sarudzo ine ruzivo yakakoshawo pano.
Kune rimwe divi, kusarudza hunyanzvi hazvireve sarudzo yekupedzisira yehunyanzvi - muIT zvese zvinoshanduka uye zvinoshanduka nekukurumidza. Nyanzvi inokosheswa, kwete basa.
MuRussia, kune hurongwa hweFederal State Educational Standards (Federal State Educational Standards) yega yega yakakosha, pahwaro hweiyo mayunivhesiti anogadzirira zvirongwa zvedzidzo. Kune rumwe rutivi, kune hukama . Ndakaedza kuenzanisa hunyanzvi nehunyanzvi, asi izvi kazhinji fungidziro yangu.
| kodhi | Kodhi yekare | Speciality | ~Unyanzvi |
| 09.03.01 | 230100 | Informatics uye Computer Engineering | programmer |
| 09.03.02 | 230400 | Masisitimu eruzivo uye matekinoroji | programmer, system administrator |
| 09.03.03 | 230700 | Applied Informatics | programmer, muongorori (mundima yakashandiswa, semuenzaniso mune zvehupfumi) |
| 09.03.04 | 231000 | Software Engineering | programmer-designer |
| 01.03.02 | 010400 | Applied mathematics uye computer science | muongorori, programmer |
| 01.03.04 | 231300 | Applied Mathematics | muongorori |
| 01.03.05 | Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° | muongorori | |
| 02.03.01 | 010200 | Masvomhu uye Computer Science | nyanzvi yemasvomhu, mugadziri wepurogiramu |
| 02.03.02 | 010300 | Yakakosha komputa sainzi uye ruzivo tekinoroji | programmer, analyst |
| 02.03.03 | 010500 | Software uye manejimendi eruzivo masisitimu | Programmer, muongorori |
| 10.03.01 | 090900 | Information Security | nyanzvi yekuchengetedza ruzivo |
| 38.03.05 | 080500 | Bhizinesi Informatics | muongorori, IT maneja |
| 15.03.04 | 220700 | Automation yetekinoroji maitiro uye kugadzirwa | kugadzira otomatiki |
| 11.03.02 | Infocommunication matekinoroji uye masisitimu ekutaurirana | telecom mainjiniya, system maneja | |
| 27.03.04 | 220400 | Kudzora mune zvehunyanzvi masisitimu | kugadzira otomatiki, otomatiki control system kuvandudza |
Iwo hunyanzvi hunopindirana zvishoma, uye mutsauko uripo pakati pawo wakaoma kunzwisisa, kunyangwe iwe ukaverenga iyo Federal State Educational Standard. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yunivhesiti yakasununguka kushandura iyo inoshanduka chikamu chechirongwa munzira yekumwe kusarura. Kune imwe nzvimbo kune masvomhu akawanda, kumwe kune algorithms, kumwe kune kwakawanda maitiro. Naizvozvo, zviri nani kutarisa zvemuno zvezvirongwa nekomiti yekugamuchira.
Nehurombo, ini handina kukwanisa kuwana yakanaka IT yekutungamira basa rekutungamira. Kana paine akambosangana nazvo, ndokumbirawo mugoverane.
β
Nyanzvi kana Bachelor's degree?
Pamwe chete nehurongwa hutsva hwe "Bologna": 4 makore e bachelor's degree + 2 makore edhigirii ratenzi, ruzivo rweSoviet rwemakore 5-5.5 runoramba rwuripo. Kutaura chokwadi, handisi kuzotaura kuti ndezvipi zviri nani. Apo madhigirii eBachelor paakatanga kuoneka makore angangoita gumi apfuura, mayunivhesiti aimhanya kugadzirira zvirongwa zvebhaibheri, achidzvanya zvirongwa zvekare zvehunyanzvi, kazhinji achicheka kusvika nekukurumidza. Zvino, ndinovimba, mamiriro adzokera kune zvakajairika uye unogona kuenda zvakachengeteka kune bachelor's degree, kunyanya sezvo hunyanzvi hwave kuita chinhu chekare. Dhigirii reBachelor rinoenderana neEuropean education system, uye rinokutendera kuti ugadzirise hunyanzvi hwako nekunyoresa muchirongwa cheRussia kana chekune dzimwe nyika. Madhigirii eBachelor akakamurwa kuita "yedzidzo" uye "yakashandiswa" - mune yekupedzisira, mashoma maawa anopirwa kune "base" uye zvimwe zvekudzidzira. Kudzidzira kwakanaka, asi hachisi chokwadi kuti yunivhesiti ichakwanisa kuipa padanho rakakodzera, uye hwaro hunogona kubatsira kune dhigirii ra master.
Ndichave nyanzvi inotsvakwa mushure mediploma yangu?
Uyu mubvunzo wakanaka kuzvibvunza, zvirinani kutanga kubva pagore rechitatu. Mhinduro: Zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nemudzidzi pane yunivhesiti.
Zvinonyanya kudiwa kuti nekupedza kudzidza uve nehumwe hunyanzvi hunoshanda hunogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuwedzera makosi uye mainternship. Kazhinji mayunivhesiti anoshandira pamwe nemabhizinesi - mushandirwi "anokura" nyanzvi yake. Mumamiriro ezvinhu epanguva ino yegomba revanhu, kunyange Yandex neMail.Ru havakwanisi "kuhaya vakuru chete," saka vari kutsvaga vashandi. Usatya kuedza kuwana basa uye usatya kuchinja basa rako rekutanga kana iwe usingarifariri.
Ndichataura zvakasiyana kukosha kwekudzidza Chirungu. Saina makosi eChirungu - uye izvi, zvakare, zvichakuvhurira MOOC makosi kubva kumayunivhesiti ekunze.
Nezvekuita kwedzidzo: zvinonyadzisa, asi vashandirwi havatarise chokwadi chekuti une diploma "inokudzwa", asi zvakadaro yakanaka giredhi point average (GPA) inogona kudikanwa kana uchinyorera kune imwe nyika tenzi chirongwa.
Zvitore!
Zvimwe pamusoro wenyaya:
Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. , Munogamuchirwa.
Vapedza zvidzidzo, kudzidza kuyunivhesiti kwakakubatsira here mune ramangwana rako rebasa?
-
kuti
-
Chete pakutanga
-
kwete
147 vashandisi vakavhota. 33 vashandisi vakaramba.
Vashandirwi, kuva nedzidzo yepamusoro kunoita mutsauko here pakuhaya sangano renyu?
-
Hongu, tinopinza basa vanhu vane dzidzo yepamusoro
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Hongu, isu tinongopinza vanhu basa vane dhigirii redzidzo yepamusoro, zvinogoneka nemudzidzi asiri wepakati
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Kuva nedzidzo yepamusoro kunodiwa
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Aiwa, hatizvitarise zvachose
79 vashandisi vakavhota. 80 vashandisi vakaramba.
Ndeapi mayunivhesiti eRussia aunofunga achitungamira munyika mune sainzi yekombuta (ungade kuhaya vakapedza kudzidza)?
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Zvimwe
-
Moscow State University
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Saint Petersburg State University
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Moscow Institute of Fizikisi uye Technology (Phystech)
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St. Petersburg University of Information Technologies, Mechanics uye Optics (ITMO)
-
Chikoro chepamusoro cheEconomics
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Tomsk Polytechnic University
-
Tomsk State University
-
Novosibirsk State University
-
Moscow State Technical University yakatumidzwa zita. N. E. Bauman
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Moscow Engineering Physics Institute
-
Moscow Institute of Steel uye Alloys
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St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI"
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Moscow Aviation Institute
-
Kazan (Volga Dunhu) Federal University
-
Ural Federal University
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Nizhny Novgorod State University yakatumidzwa zita. N. I. Lobachevsky
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South Federal University
-
Siberian Federal University
-
Far Eastern Federal University
-
St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
-
Samara University
-
Baltic Federal University
-
South Ural State University
-
Tyumen State University
87 vashandisi vakavhota. 95 vashandisi vakaramba.
Source: www.habr.com