Mifananidzo:
Mazuva mashoma apfuura, nzvimbo yekuChina yakave yakakurumbira paGitHub . Panzvimbo pekodhi, ine zvichemo pamusoro pemamiriro ekushanda uye nguva yakawandisa isiri pamutemo. Iro zita pacharo rinoreva meme yevagadziri veChinese nezve basa ravo: "Kubva pamapfumbamwe kusvika kumapfumbamwe, mazuva matanhatu pasvondo, uyezve kune vanorwara zvakanyanya" (Basa ne'996', vanorwara muICU). Chero ani zvake anogona kuzvipira kune repository kana vakasimbisa nyaya yavo nemifananidzo yezvinyorwa zvemukati uye tsamba.
In case of The Verge uye yakawana mukati nyaya nezvemamiriro ekushanda mumakambani makuru eIT munyika - Alibaba, Huawei, Tencent, Xiaomi nevamwe. Nenguva isipi, makambani aya akatanga kuvharira kupinda kwavo ku996.ICU, pasina kupindura kumashoko kubva kune dzimwe nyika.
Handizive kuti chii chingave chakajairwa kupfuura nhau idzi, pamwe nemaitiro edu kwazviri: "VaChinese vari kunyunyuta nezveGitHub here? Ok, soon vachaivhara vogadzira yavo." Isu takajaira kuti izvi ndizvo zvese zvavanonyora nezve China - kuvharira, censorship, makamera, magariro ratings a la "Black Mirror", kutambudzwa kweUyghurs, kubiridzirwa kwegehena, kunyomba kusinganzwisisike nemamemes pamusoro paWinnie the Pooh, zvichingodaro. denderedzwa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, China inopa nyika yese nezvinhu. Makambani makuru anoshora kusasununguka anoda kukanganwa misimboti yavo kuti vangopinda mumusika weChina. China ine indasitiri ine simba zvakanyanya uye IT indasitiri, uye zvemuchadenga zviri kusimukira ipapo. Vapfumi veChinese vari kuparadza misika yezvivakwa muCanada neNew Zealand, vachitenga zvese chero mutengo. Mafirimu nemabhuku echiChinese anouya kwatiri anoshamisa.
Izvi zvinonakidza zvinopesana (misanganiswa?). Munyika umo chokwadi chakazofa pasi pemapanga emaonero, zvinoita sezvisingabviri kunzwisisa mamiriro akazara ekuti China chii chaizvo. Pasina kana tarisiro yekuzvinzwisisa, ndakataura nevanhu vakati wandei vakagara nekushanda ipapo kwenguva yakareba - kungowedzera mamwe maonero kuhomwe.
Mudzidzi wepamberi achipesana nekodhi yeshit
Artem Kazakov akagara muChina kwemakore matanhatu uye ari kuita Frontend Development. Anobva kuAngarsk munharaunda yeIrkutsk. Kusvikira giredhi 9, Artem akadzidza pachikoro nekudzidza kwakadzama mutauro wechiRungu, asi pakati pemesita akangoerekana afunga kuchinja nzira uye kuenda kune polytechnic lyceum. Ikoko vakamubata nekusava nechokwadi - vakanga vasingadi kutora munhu kubva kuchikoro chekubatsira vanhu.
Kwapera gore, akahwina rwendo kuenda kuUSA pasi pechirongwa cheFLEX, chechishanu munhoroondo yese yelyceum.
Artem akashandurawo chido chake chemitauro pasi - akatsiva mitauro yechisikigo nemitauro yepurogiramu, uye Chirungu neChinese. “Mumakore ekuma2010, hapana akashamisika neruzivo rwangu rwechiRungu, saka ndakapinda paDalian Pedagogical University kuti ndiite zvidzidzo zvechiChinese. Mushure mekuita makosi kwemakore maviri, ndakapasa bvunzo dzeHSK (dzakafanana neIELTS, TOEFL) pamwero unokwana kupinda muyunivhesiti kuita dhigirii reBachelor,” anodaro.
Mushure meDalian, Artem akatamira kuWuhan, Hubei Province, ndokupinda muWuhan University, yechisere mumayunivhesiti eChina. Panguva imwecheteyo, ari kudzidza paAngarsk University netsamba uye munaJune achadzivirira madhipuroma maviri kamwechete.
Artem anogara kuChina pane vhiza yemudzidzi, uye kushanda pairi, kunyangwe kure, hazvisi pamutemo. "MuChina, zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushanda nevhiza yekudzidza, asi iwe unofanirwa kurarama," anodaro, "ini pachangu ndakadzidzisa vadzidzi veTOEFL neIELTS kwemakore akati wandei, muDalian neWuhan. Pane sarudzo yekushanda semamodheru kana mabhawa, asi zvine njodzi. Kana ukabatwa kamwe chete, uchabhadhariswa zviuru zvishanu zveyuan uye zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu nemushandirwi wako. Kechipiri kudzingwa, uye mune dzimwe nguva kusvika mazuva gumi nemashanu uye dema chitambi (haugone kupinda China kwemakore mashanu). Naizvozvo, hapana munhu pano anoda kuziva nezvebasa rangu ari kure. Asi kunyangwe vakazviziva, ini handitore mari kubva kumaChinese, ini handityore mutemo, saka hapana dambudziko nazvo.
Mugore rake rechipiri kuyunivhesiti, Artem akapedza kudzidza kune imwe kambani yeChinese IT. Paive nemaitiro mazhinji; ndaifanira kutaipa mapeji eHTML zuva nezuva. Anoti mabasa acho aibhowa, pasina mashiripiti kumashure, pasina mhinduro nyowani kumberi. Aida kuwana ruzivo, asi akakurumidza kusangana nezvinhu zvemuno: "VaChinese vanoshanda zvinoenderana nechirongwa chinonakidza - basa rinouya repurojekiti, uye havaricheke kuita zvidimbu zvidiki, havariparadze, asi ingotora. zviite uye wozviita. Kwaiwanzoita zviitiko apo vaviri vakasiyana vanogadzira vakanyora module imwechete yakafanana. "
Zviri muropa kuti kune makwikwi makuru enzvimbo muChina. Uye zvinoita sekunge vagadziri venzvimbo havana nguva yekudzidza zvinhu zvitsva uye zvepamberi kuti zvive zvakakosha - pane kudaro, vanonyora nekukurumidza sezvinobvira pane zvavanazvo:
"Ivo vanoita basa rakashata, vane yakawanda shitty kodhi, asi neimwe nzira zvemashiripiti zvese zvinoshanda, uye zvinoshamisa. Kune akawanda manpower ipapo, uye echinyakare mhinduro, tichitonga neJS. Handina kuona vagadziri vachiedza kudzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva. Kutaura zvazviri, takadzidza PHP, SQL, JS, uye tonyora zvese zvirimo, tichishandisa jQuery kumberi. Sezvineiwo, Evan Yu akasvika, uye maChina akachinja Ve kumberi. Asi maitiro aya haana kukurumidza. "
Muna 2018, mushure mekudzidzira basa pane imwe kambani, Artem akakokwa kune imwe kuti agadzire mini-application muWeChat. "Hapana akambonzwa nezveES6 mune javascript. Hapana aiziva nezve basa remuseve kana kukanganisa. Manyorero chaiwo akaita kuti bvudzi riri mumusoro mangu rimire.” Mumakambani ese ari maviri, Artem akapedza nguva yakawanda achigadzirisa kodhi yemugadziri wekare, uye chete paakadzosa zvese kune zvakajairika ndipo akatanga basa rake rekutanga. Asi pashure penguva yakati, akawanazve zvidimbu zvimwe chetezvo zvaakanga aruramisa zvakanga zvakuvadzwa.
"Kunyange zvazvo ndakanga ndisiri iye ane ruzivo rwakanyanya, ndakasarudza kushandura kubva kucode.aliyun kuenda kuGitHub, ndakatanga kuongorora kodhi ini pachangu uye ndoitumira zvakare kumugadziri kuti ndiitezve kana ndisingadi chimwe chinhu. Ndakaudza maneja kuti kana vachida kuti chikumbiro chavo chishande sezvavaida, vanofanira kundivimba. Iyo tekinoroji inotungamira yakanga isingagutsikane zvakanyanya, asi mushure mevhiki yekutanga yebasa, munhu wese akaona kufambira mberi, kuwanda kwekutumira kodhi ine diki nhamba yezvipembenene kune vashandisi veWeChat, uye munhu wese akabvuma kuenderera. Vagadziri veChinese vakangwara, asi vanofarira kunyora nzira yavakambodzidza uye, zvinosuruvarisa, havaedze kudzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva, uye kana vakadzidza, zvakaoma uye zvakareba. "
Zvakare, hapana zvinoshamisa mumashure. Sesu, Artem akawana mitauro yeJava neC kuve inonyanya kufarirwa. Uye sezvakangoita pano, kushanda muIT inzira inokurumidza uye isina njodzi yekupinda mukirasi yepakati. Mihoro, maererano nekucherechedza kwake, inosiyana pakati pehuwandu hwepamusoro muRussian Federation uye muvhareji muU. "Vashandi vakanaka vanokosheswa pano, unongoda kupfuudza wobatirira panzvimbo yako, ukasadaro uchatsiviwa."
Izvo vanogadzira vanonyunyuta nezvayo mu996.ICU, Artem anosimbisa: "Matangiro anotanga kuita mari anogara pakusimudzira masikati neusiku. Makambani mazhinji anopa mahofisi nenzvimbo dzekurara. Zvese izvi zvinoitirwa kuti tiite zvakawanda sezvinobvira uye kupedza zvatakaronga nekukasika. Izvi zvakajairika mwero muChina. Nguva yakawedzerwa isingaperi uye vhiki dzebasa refu. ”
Maneja wekugadzira anopesana nehusimbe
“Kutaura kuti vanhu vokuChina varombo zvakadaro, vanoshanda zvakapfurikidza... asi vanonzwa zvakanaka,” anodaro Ivan Surkov, maneja anogadzira zvinhu paTion muChina, “zvinoita kwandiri sokuti nyaya dzokuti maChina anomanikidzwa kupinda mumafekitari muuranda. -semamiriro ezvinhu ingano dzese dzekungozvidza makambani avanogadzira. Ini handisati ndaona kana bhizinesi rimwechete paive nebasa regehena. Sezvingabvira ndizvo zvinoratidzika kuvaEurope avo vakararama upenyu hwavo hwose muguta umo chinhu chiri chose chinotonhorera, chakachena, nzira dzakagadzirwa namabwe—uye ipapo vanouya ndokuona kuti vanhu vanotandara sei pafekitari kubvira mangwanani kusvikira manheru.”
Ivan akaona izvi zuva rega rega kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, asi akauya kuChina kubva kuIvanovo - nzvimbo iyo kwete zvese zvinotonhorera uye zvakachena. Makore matanhatu apfuura akatanga kudzidza mutauro wacho pachikoro chevatorwa payunivhesiti. Iye zvino Ivan anoshanda kune imwe kambani yeRussia inogadzira smart breathers muChina. Anoenda kumabhizinesi aine zvinyorwa zvake, uye ivo vanotora kugadzirwa. Ivan anorayira, anotarisisa kuurayiwa kwavo, anogadzirisa kusawirirana, anoenda kune makondirakiti uye anotonga zvese zvine chekuita nekugadzira kondirakiti. Uye kana ini, ndichiverenga nezvenguva yakawedzerwa yekusingaperi, fungidzira kushanda nesimba kusina udyire, ipapo Ivan anoti zuva rega rega anonetseka neChinese usimbe.
“Semuenzaniso, ndinouya kune maneja webasa revatengi uyo anofanira kumhanya neni mufekitari yese. Anongoda kudzika pauriri hwekutanga, opinda muchivako chinotevera otaura mashoko mashoma kuvanhu. Asi rinotanga: “Hande, enda iwe pachako.” Damn, hapana chauri kuita izvozvi, wakatarisa pamonitor, ibva pamboro yako! Aiwa, dai awana mumwe munhu. Uye saka zvese - kumanikidza maChinese kushanda - ivo vanoda chaizvo kumanikidzwa. Unogona kusvika pakubvumirana navo, asi nguva dzose unofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti haunyengedzwi. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, iwe unotofanira kuisa kudzvinyirira, kuva hysterical, taura kuti haungagamuchiri zvinhu, kuti vacharasikirwa nemari. Kuti vafambe, unofanira kugara uchifurira.”
Aka kakanga kasiri kekutanga kunzwa zvinhu zvakadaro, uye zvaigara zvichiita sezvisinganzwisisike kwandiri: kune rimwe divi, kuregeredza, matekinoroji ekare, shitty kodhi - asi mukati memakore, China inotsiva iyo yese indasitiri yeInternet neyayo uye inogadzira. masevhisi anogona kutsigira mabhiriyoni evashandisi. Vanhu vanotaura nezvehusimbe nekusada kushanda - asi panzvimbo imwe chete mazuva emaawa gumi nemaviri nemavhiki ekushanda emazuva matanhatu ndizvo zvakajairika. Ivan anotenda kuti hapana kupesana mune izvi:
"Hongu - vanoshanda, asi kwete zvakaoma. Ingori huwandu hwenguva, kwete kunaka. Vanoshanda maawa masere uye ipapo mamwe mana. Uye maawa iwayo anobhadharwa pamwero wakasiyana. Chaizvoizvo, ndezvekuzvidira-zvinomanikidzwa, uye ndiwo mashandiro anoita munhu wese. Vane sarudzo yekusauya manheru, asi mari imari. Uyezve, kana iwe uri munharaunda umo izvi zvakajairika, saka zvakajairika kwauri.
Uye kumhanya kwekugadzira bhandi rekutakura. Henry Ford akafungawo kuti zvinhu zvose zvinofanira kushanda sei. Uye kana tsvimbo yako yakadzidziswa, saka aya ndiwo mavhoriyamu. Mukuwedzera, maChinese haatyi kuisa mari; ivo vakashinga mune izvi. Uye kana vakaisa mari, vanowana zvese zvavanogona kubva mazviri. ”
Ndiani anogona kugara zvakanaka muChina?
Iye zvino Ivan anogara muguta reShenzhen - nzvimbo iyi inonzi "Chinese Silicon Valley". Guta iri idiki, rave nemakore angangoita makumi mana, asi panguva iyi rakakura nekumhanya kukuru. Vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni gumi vave kugara muShenzhen. Guta iri riri pagungwa, nguva pfupi yadarika matunhu maviri makuru kwazvo kubva kune mamwe mapurovhinzi, ayo aimbove maindasitiri zvachose, akawedzerwa kwariri, uye imwe yenhandare dzendege dzakanakisa muChina yakavakwa. Ivan anoti nzvimbo yake iri kushingaira kugadziridzwa, yekare iri kuparadzwa, uye zvivako zvitsva zviri kuvakwa. Paakasvika ikoko, pakanga pane kuvakwa kunopfuurira kumativi ose, mirwi yakanga ichingopinzwa mukati. Mukati memakore maviri, vanogadzira vakatanga kuendesa dzimba dzakapera.
Anenge ese emagetsi echiChinese (kunze, semuenzaniso, Lenovo) anogadzirwa pano. Iyo Foxconn chirimwa chiri pano - hofori yemagetsi fekitori yekusangana uko, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, Apple michina inogadzirwa. Ivan akaudza kuti mumwe waaizivana naye akaenda sei kuchirimwa ichi, uye havana kumubvumira kupinda. “Munovafarira chete kana mukahodha nharembozha dzinosvika miriyoni pagore. Izvi ndizvo zvishoma - kungotaura navo chete. "
MuChina, zvinenge zvese ibhizinesi kune bhizinesi, uye kune akawanda makuru uye madiki mabhizinesi echibvumirano muShenzhen. Panguva imwecheteyo, kune mashoma mabhizinesi akazara-akazara pakati pavo. “Pane vanogadzira maelectronics and components, kwechipiri vanokanda maplastic, kozoti wechitatu voitawo zvimwe, pane chegumi vobatanidza. Izvi zvinoreva, kwete sezvatakajaira kuRussia, uko kune mabhizinesi akazara-asina anoda. Hazvishande zvakadaro munyika yanhasi,” anodaro Ivan.
Shenzhen ine mamiriro ekunze anodziya uye, kusiyana nekuchamhembe kwenyika, kune mota dzemagetsi dzakawanda ikoko. Dzese, senge mota dzakajairwa dzine injini dzemoto dzemukati, dzinowanzove dzenzvimbo. "KuChina vanogadzira mota dzinotonhorera - Gili, BYD, Donfon - kune mhando dzemotokari dzakawanda. Zvakawanda kupfuura zvinomiririrwa muRussia. Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti slag inotakurwa kuRussia haina kana kutengeswa pano, kunze kwekunge kumwe kumadokero kweChina. Pano, kumabvazuva, izvo zvose zviri mukugadzirwa, kana motokari iri Chinese, saka yakakodzera. Plastiki yakanaka, mukati, zvigaro zvematehwe, butt ine mhepo uye zvese zvaunoda."
Vese Artem naIvan vanoti China yakanakira hupenyu kupfuura zvavaifunga vasati vasvika: "PRC ine zvese zvingadiwa nemunhuwo zvake wekuRussia. Gym, dziva dzekutuhwina, nzvimbo dzekudyira, mall mahombe, zvitoro. Pakupera kwevhiki, tinobuda neshamwari tichimbofamba-famba, kubhaisikopo, dzimwe nguva kubhawa, kana kuenda kune zvakasikwa, "anodaro Artem, "Ingori tarisiro yekuti chikafu cheChinese chinonaka - kwandiri yaive fiasco. Pashure pokunge ndagara muChina kwemakore matanhatu, ndakawana zvokudya zvishomanana chete zvechiChinese zvandinoda, uye kunyange zviya zvakangofanana nezvokudya zvokuMadokero.”
“Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvatinoziva nezveChina zvakawedzeredzwa zvikuru,” anodaro Ivan. Ndanga ndichigara kuChina kwemakore matanhatu uye izvozvi ndakaona kuti mumwe munhu akasaidzira murume munzira yepasi. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, ndaigara muBeijing, ndiri munzira yepasi pevhu uye ndakanga ndisati ndamboona zvakadai - kunyangwe Beijing iguta rine vanhu vakawanda. Isu tinogara tichiratidza hutsinye uhu paTV, vanodaro, muChina izvi zvakajairika. Uye ndakaona izvi kekutanga mumakore matanhatu, chete muShenzhen panguva yekumhanyisa! Uye izvi hazvina hasha sezvavanotaura. Hafu yeawa uye ndizvozvo - hauchaoni chaunga. "
Rusununguko rwakanaka kana rwakashata
Asi vakomana vakasiyana mumaonero avo pamusoro pemukurumbira wakashata uye rusununguko. Zvinoenderana nekuona kwaArtyom, chiyero chemagariro chiri kupinda mumakona ese eChina. “Iye zvino unogona kusangana nevanhu vasingakwanisi kutenga tikiti rendege kana tikiti rekirasi yakanaka yechitima nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekuwedzera rating yako. Pane application iyo maChinese anogona kurova muvakidzani wavo asiri kunze kwemutemo uye kuwana mubairo wakanaka pazviri. Kubata kwakati pahwindo refoni uye ndizvozvo. Ini ndinobheja inobatsira iyo ratings zvakare. Kana kuti, zvakakwana kuti muChinese angofunga kuti muvakidzani wake wekune dzimwe nyika haasi kushanda pavhiza rekushanda, uye pasina nguva mapurisa anouya nekuongorora, "anodaro Artem.
Ivan haana kumbobvira asangana nezviitiko zvakadaro, kana kazhinji nekusagutsikana uye negativity. "Vanhu vanobva vatanga kuenzanisa izvi neBlack Mirror, vanofarira chaizvo kusaziva zvese, vanoda kuona zvakaipa chete mukuyedza kugadzirisa chimwe chinhu. Uye pamwe kutariswa kwevanhu hakuna kuipa,” anodaro.
"Ini ndinofunga izvozvi zvese zviri kungoyedzwa, uye kana zvaenda kune ruzhinji nerutsigiro rwemutemo, tichaona. Asi ndinofunga kuti izvi hazvisi kuzochinja upenyu zvachose. Kungori nemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzevanyengeri muChina. Maererano nekutenda kwakakurumbira, vanongoda kunyengera vatorwa - kutaura zvazviri, maChinese zvakare. Ndinofunga kuti chirongwa ichi chakanangana nekuita kuti hupenyu huve nani kune wese. Asi kuti ichashandiswa sei mune ramangwana ndiwo mubvunzo. Banga rinogona kucheka chingwa ndokuuraya munhu.”
Panguva imwecheteyo, Ivan akati haashandisi chikamu chemunharaunda cheInternet - kunze kweBaidu, iyo yakaenzana neGoogle, uye yebasa chete. Achigara kuChina, anoenderera mberi nekusevha Internet yemutauro wechiRussian. Artem anoishandisa, asi anotenda kuti iyo Chinese Internet yakaongororwa zvizere.
"Yakatanga pamwero mukuru muna 2014, apo Google yakarambidzwa. Panguva iyoyo, varatidziri veChinese, semuenzaniso, AiWeiWei, vakaisa pa Twitter chokwadi chese nezvehupenyu muChina. Paiva nemhosva: kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakaitika muChina, uye sezvo vakachengetedza mari pakuvakwa kwezvikoro, pakanga pane vakawanda vakaurayiwa. Hurumende yakavanza nhamba chaiyo yevakafa.
IWeiWei aive hyper uye akagadzira chirongwa - akatsvaga vabereki vevose vakawirwa nenjodzi iyi kuti vaudze nyika nezve mamiriro chaiwo ezvinhu. Vazhinji vakatevedzera muenzaniso wake ndokutanga kutumira nyaya padandemutande repasi rose. Zvese izvi zvakauya kuhurumende, uye vakatanga kuvhara Google, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram nenzvimbo zhinji dzandava kuda kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwangu semugadziri weFrontend. "
Ko iyo Chinese Internet inotaridzika sei?
Ini ndaitarisira kuti kumhanya kweInternet kungangove kwakangofanana nekumusha kwangu, asi kwete - iyo Internet inononoka. Uyezve, kuti uongorore zvakasununguka chero masayiti aunoda VPN.
Munenge muna 2015, maChinese analogues emabasa ekunze akatanga kugadzirwa munyika. Jibo vhidhiyo yekufambisa yaive yakakurumbira panguva iyoyo. Chero zvirimo zvaiiswa ipapo, maChina aizvifarira, uye mari yaigona kuitwa ikoko. Nekudaro, gare gare sevhisi yakaonekwa - DouIn (Tik Tok), iyo ichiri "kurodha". Kazhinji, zvirimo zvinokopwa kubva kune ekunze analogue uye inoratidzwa muDouYin. Sezvo vazhinji veChinese vasina mukana wekuwana zviwanikwa zvekunze, hapana anofungidzira kubira.
TuDou naYoKu (analogues eYouTube) haana kufarirwa, sezvo masevhisi aya ari ehurumende, kune yakawanda yekuongorora - hapana rusununguko rwekugadzira.
Iwe hauzovhiringika nevatumwa ipapo muChina - kune WeChat uye QQ. Idzi dzese instant messenger uye masocial network. Pakave nekumwe kuedza kugadzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana, asi QQ neWechat zvinoshandiswa ne90% yehuwandu hweChinese. Dambudziko rechipiri ndere censorship zvakare. Zvinhu zvose zvinofanira kudzorwa. Mapurogiramu ese ari maviri akagadzirwa naTencent.
QQ inonyanya kukodzera kuvadzidzi nekuti ibasa rakanaka rekubata faira. WeChat ine mabasa anokubvumidza kubhadhara zvekushandisa, kutenga matikiti endege, matikiti echitima, uye kutotenga madomasi kubva kuna ambuya vekuChina mumugwagwa vanotaridzika makore zana nemakumi manomwe uye vanomubhadhara vachishandisa WeChat. Pane imwe sevhisi yekubhadhara - AliPay (Jifubao), uye iwe unogona zvakare kutaurirana neshamwari ipapo.
“Ndinofunga kuti maChina anorarama zvakanaka, kunyange zvazvo vose vachichema kuti havana kusununguka,” anodaro Ivan, “vanofunga kuti nhare yorusununguko iri kune imwe nzvimbo kumadokero. Asi zvinogara zvakanaka patinenge tisipo. Pane zvakawanda zvinyorwa paInternet nezve hudzvinyiriri muChina uye makamera kwese kwese. Asi guta rine makamera akawanda iLondon. Uye kutaura nezveChina nenzira iyi inhema dzakachena.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, Ivan anobvuma kuti China ine gadziriro yakakomba yokuchengetedza: “MaChina ari kutonga anonzwisisa kuti vanhu havagoni kupiwa rusununguko, zvikasadaro vachatanga kupisana zvikuru zvokuti vachagadzira hero. Naizvozvo, nzanga inotariswa zvakanaka.” Uye huzhinji hutsva hwehunyanzvi, sekureva kwaIvan, hunodiwa kukurumidza kuita munyika ine vanhu vakawanda. Semuyenzaniso, makadhi epasipoti emagetsi, masisitimu ekubhadhara muvatumwa pakarepo, uye ubiquitous QR makodhi anodiwa chaizvo pane izvi.
“Muchokwadi, muChina vanhu vanobatwa zvine hunhu. Mudenderedzwa randinotaurirana - ava vatungamiriri vekambani, vashandiwo zvavo uye mainjiniya emuhofisi - zvese zvakanaka navo."
Maitiro uye bureaucracy munzira inoenda kuWeChat
Rinenge gore rapfuura, Dodo Pizza yakazivisa kuti yaizoparura-cashier-less pizzeria muChina. Kubhadhara kwese uko kunofanirwa kuenda kuburikidza neWeChat, asi zvakazonetsa kuita izvi kubva kunze kweChina. Pane zvakawanda zvinokanganisa mukuita uku, uye zvinyorwa zvikuru zviripo muChinese chete.
Saka, kumadiploma ake maviri, Artem akawedzerawo basa riri kure reDodo. Asi kuisa yavo app paWeChat yakave nyaya refu.
"Kuti uvhure webhusaiti muRussia, unongoda kuvhura webhusaiti. Hosting, domain uye kunze kwaunoenda. MuChina zvinhu zvese zvakanyanya kuoma. Ngatiti iwe unofanirwa kugadzira online chitoro. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kutenga sevha, asi sevha haigone kunyoreswa muzita remutorwa. Unofanira kutsvaga shamwari yekuChina kuti akupe chitupa chake, unonyoresa naro wotenga server.”
Mushure mekutenga sevha, unofanirwa kutenga domain, asi kuti utange saiti, unofanirwa kuwana akati wandei marezinesi. Yekutanga irezinesi reICP. Inopihwa neBazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji yePeople's Republic of China kunzvimbo dzese dzekutengesa mu mainland China. "Kuti uwane ICP yekambani nyowani, kunyanya yekune dzimwe nyika, unofanirwa kutora magwaro akawanda uye nekuita matanho akati wandei pawebhusaiti yehurumende. Kana zvinhu zvose zvikafamba zvakanaka, zvinotora mavhiki matatu. Mushure mekugamuchira ICP, zvinotora imwe vhiki kugamuchira Public Rezinesi Kuzadza. Uye tinogamuchirwa kuChina. "
Asi kana kuvhura mawebhusaiti kuchisiyana chete muhutungamiriri, saka kushanda neWeChat kwakasiyana zvachose. Tencent akauya nemamini-apps kumutumwa wake, uye vakave nemukurumbira munyika: "Ndingafara kuvaenzanisa nechimwe chinhu, asi hapana analogues. Muchokwadi, aya maapplication ari mukati mekushandisa. Kwavari, WeChat yakauya nehurongwa hwavo, hwakafanana muchimiro kuVueJS, vakagadzira yavo IDE, inoshandawo nemazvo. Iyo sisitimu pachayo inyowani uye ine simba kwazvo, uye kunyangwe iine painogumira, semuenzaniso, haitsigirwe neAXIOS. Nekuda kwekuti hadzisi dzese nzira dzezvinhu uye arrays anotsigirwa, chimiro chiri kuramba chichishanduka. "
Nekuda kwekukura mukuzivikanwa, vese vanogadzira vakatanga kurira matani akafanana mini-apps. Vakazadza mutumwa zvekuti Tencent akaisa miganhu pakukura kwecode. Zvemamini-apps - 2 MB, yemini-mitambo - 5 MB.
"Kuti tikwanise kugogodza paAPI, iyo domain inofanirwa kuve neICP nePLF. Zvikasadaro, hauzokwanisi kuwedzera kero yeAPI mune imwe yeakawanda WeChat admin mapaneru. Pane hutongi hwejekerere zvekuti dzimwe nguva zvaiita sekuti handifi ndakakwanisa kupinda nevakuru vese, kunyoresa maaccount ese eWichat admin, kuwana marezinesi ese uye kuwana. Izvi zvinogoneka chete kana iwe wakagadzira logic, huropi, kushivirira, ruzivo rwekuronga (zvikasadaro iwe hautomboziva kwekutarisa), uye, hongu, ruzivo rwemutauro weChinese. Mazhinji ezvinyorwa ari muChirungu, asi kirimu yechirimwa - chaizvo chaunoda - chiri muchiChinese chete. Pane zvakawanda zvinorambidzwa, uye maketani ekuzvivhara akadaro anosetsa kuona chete kubva kunze.
Wapedza zvese kusvika kumagumo, unowana mufaro chaiwo - kune rumwe rutivi, wakakunda hurongwa, uye kune rumwe ... Kugadzira chimwe chinhu mumhoteredzo itsva yakadaro, uye panguva imwe cheteyo kuva imwe yokutanga munzvimbo ino, kunofadza zvikuru.”
Post-kiredhiti chiitiko
Muchokwadi, chinyorwa ichi chakakura kubva mumubvunzo mumwe wakapusa: ichokwadi here kuti Winnie the Pooh haapo muChina? Zvakaratidza kuti zviripo. Mifananidzo, matoyi uye anowanikwa pano neapo. Asi ini naIvan patakaedza kuGoogle memes nezve Xi Jinping, hapana chatakawana kunze kwemifananidzo yakanaka.
Source: www.habr.com