Kuve neruzivo rwakawanda mumunda weindasitiri otomatiki, isu tinogara tichitsvaga sarudzo dzakanakisa dzekugadzirisa matambudziko edu. Zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwemutengi, taifanira kusarudza imwe kana imwe hardware uye software base. Uye kana pakanga pasina zvidikanwi zvakasimba zvekuisa Siemens michina pamwe chete neTIA-portal, saka, sekutonga, sarudzo yakawira MasterSCADA 3.XX. Nekudaro, hapana chinogara nekusingaperi pasi pezuva ...
Nezve ruzivo rwangu rwekuchinja kuMasterSCADA 4D, prerequisites, maficha ebasa rayo pamakomputa akaiswa eArM architecture pasi pekuchekwa kwechinyorwa ichi.
Shure
Takatanga kuyedza budiriro nyowani kubva kuInsat - MasterSCADA 4D - kwete kare kare. Paiva nezvakawanda zvaidiwa izvi. Chekutanga, takaita ongororo dzakazvimiririra dzakati wandei pakati penyanzvi mundima yeindasitiri otomatiki kuti tione kuti ndeapi maSCADA masisitimu anonyanya kufarirwa (Mufananidzo 1). Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yeongororo, iyo MasterSCADA system inotora nzvimbo yekutanga pakati pedzimba masisitimu.
Mufananidzo 1 - Mhedzisiro yeongororo yeanonyanya kufarirwa maSCADA masisitimu (mufananidzo unodzvanywa)
Chechipiri chinodiwa chinogona kutariswa ...
Zvino ngatifambei takananga kuMasterSCADA 4D pachayo. Iyo ine zvigadzirwa zviviri zvesoftware, zvinoti: nharaunda yekusimudzira uye nharaunda yekumhanya. Tichataura pamusoro pekuti chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi chinoshanda sei pazasi.
Development environment
Iyo sisitimu purojekiti inogadzirwa muMasterSCADA 4D budiriro nharaunda; kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuwana yemahara vhezheni paInsat webhusaiti uye kuimisa uchitevera zvinokurudzira.
Mufananidzo 2 - Kuvandudza nharaunda interface (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Chinhu chekutanga chinobata ziso rako ndeye inonakidza interface yenzvimbo yekusimudzira uye yakanakira hierarchical chimiro chepurojekiti. Iye zvino mune imwe purojekiti iwe unogona kugadzira chirongwa kwete chete kune otomatiki nzvimbo yebasa, asiwo yenzvimbo yese, kutanga nemutongi uye kupedzisa nevhavha kana nzvimbo yebasa.
Iyo nharaunda yekusimudzira inomhanya chete paWindows OS, iyo yakajairika uye inoshivirira, asi iyo yekumhanyisa nharaunda (RunTime) yakatishamisa nekugona kwayo kubatanidza mune akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda uye processor architecture, asi zvimwe pane izvo gare gare.
Ndakafadzwawo neraibhurari hombe yezvinhu zvekuona. Nyanzvi dzinobva munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzichakwanisa kuzvitsvagira zvinhu zvekuona pasina kudhirowa kana kutsvaga zvidhori paInternet.
Mufananidzo 3 - Kuona zvinhu (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Kukurukurirana protocol
Iyo sisitimu inotsigira akasiyana madhiraivha (kuchinjana maprotocol), ayo akabatanidzwa muMasterSCADA 4D nekukasira:
- Modbus TCP/RTU, RTU pamusoro peTCP
- DCON
- OPC UA/DA/HDA
- IEC61850
- SNMP
- PostgreSQL
- MQTT
- IEC104
- mssql
- MySQL
- Mercury (raibhurari yakaparadzana), nezvimwe.
Runtime environment
Iyo yekumhanyisa nharaunda inogona kutangwa pane akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda uye ega komputa architecture; unogona zvakare kumhanya RunTime pamushini wemuno; inoiswa pamwe chete nenharaunda yekusimudzira uye inomhanya kweawa (kana makumi matatu nemaviri tags) pasina kurambidzwa.
AnexGate mudziyo
MasterSCADA Runtime inofanomisikidzwa seyakasiyana sarudzo paAntexGate yakamisikidzwa PC ine ARM processor architecture uye Debian inoshanda sisitimu; isu tichaita bvunzo pachigadzirwa ichi.
Mufananidzo 4 - AndexGate mudziyo
Zvichemo zvemiti:
- CPU: 4-core x64 ARM v8 Cortex-A53
- 1.2Mhz RAM: LPDDR2 1024MB
- Non-volatile memory: 8/16/32GB eMMC
Unogona kuverenga zvakawanda pamusoro mudziyo .
Ngatimhanyei chirongwa mumudziyo mukuru. Semuyenzaniso, isu takagadzira kuvhota uye kutonga kwemudziyo tichishandisa Modbus RTU protocol; maitiro ekumisikidza kuvhota ane hunyanzvi uye akafanana nekumisikidza yakajairika OPC server. Ichokwadi, ikozvino RunTime ine yakavakirwa-mukati madhiraivha ekuchinjana data.
Semuenzaniso, ngatigadzirei purojekiti iri nyore yekudzora mapombi matatu uye mavharuvhu maviri eiyo abstract kugadzira maitiro. Munzvimbo yekusimudzira inoita seizvi, semufananidzo 5.
Mufananidzo 5 - Chirongwa munharaunda yekusimudzira (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Nekuda kweizvozvo, takawana iri nyore mnemonic diagraph (Mufananidzo 6) inoshanda mune chero browser inotsigira HTML5.
Mufananidzo 6 - Mnemonic diagram (GIF animation inodzvanya)
HMI Ruzivo Rwokuratidza Sarudzo
Zvinogoneka kubatanidza kune nharaunda yekuuraya kuburikidza neWEB; iyi sarudzo haitidzikisire pakusarudza mutengi wekuona data pane mnemonic dhayagiramu.
Muchiitiko chedu, chishandiso chinopa ruzivo kubuda kuburikidza neHDMI, Ethernet, 3G.
Kana tichibatanidza kuburikidza neHDMI, tinowana LocalHost 127.0 0.1: 8043 kuburikidza ne-built-in browser muAntexGate, kana kubatanidza kune yakatarwa IP: 8043 kero paInternet kana network yekambani yemunharaunda neimwe "Thin Client".
Mufananidzo 7 - WEB yekutarisa chimiro (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Nhau dzinonakidza yaive yakamirirwa kwenguva refu MQTT protocol, iyo yaiwanzove isina kukwana kutarisa zvinhu zviri kure muSCADA masisitimu.
Nhasi, munhu wese ane mukana wekuwana isingadhuri VDS server paInternet ine yakatarwa IP kero (somuenzaniso, kambani webhusaiti server) uye deploy MQTT Broker (somuenzaniso, Mosquito) pairi.
Takagamuchira sevha imwe chete neMQTT broker, tinogona kubvisa nyore nyore mabasa anodhura evashandisi - fixed IP uye kubhadhara 900 rubles pagore panzvimbo ye4000 rubles ye3G kutaurirana.
Mufananidzo 8 - MQTT yekutarisa chimiro (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Kuvakwa kwetiweki kwakadai hakungochengetedze pamotokari, asi kuchachengetedzawo data, sezvo kutumira data kuburikidza neModbus TCP protocol paInternet haivimbisi kuchengeteka uye hutano hwekutaurirana.
Nokudaro, unogona kutengesa mapurojekiti anodzokororwa umo mutengi anosarudza mupi weInternet pachake. Uye hapana munhu ane musoro nekugadzirisa uye kugovera IP kero: mutengi anoisa chero SIM kadhi pachake kana kuti anobatanidza kune router neDHCP server.
Performance
Kune purojekiti, chinhu chikuru ndechekukurumidza, iyo inonzi "Mabasa" ichatibatsira neizvi. Nekumisikidza, imwe node ine imwe chete kana yagadzirwa - iyo Main basa. Mugadziri weprojekiti anogona kugadzira akawanda acho sezvinodiwa pakushanda kweimwe chirongwa. Zvimiro zvekuverenga, semuenzaniso, kutenderera kwekuverenga, zvinoenderana nezvirongwa zverimwe basa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo achashanda akazvimiririra kune vamwe vari muchigadzirwa. Kugadzira akati wandei mabasa zvinokurudzirwa kana zvichidikanwa kupa akasiyana maverengero ekuverenga ezvirongwa zvakasiyana zvepurojekiti.
Iyi ficha inonyanya kunakidza kune zvishandiso zvine processor ine akawanda cores. Imwe neimwe "Basa" inotangwa seyakasiyana maitiro muhurongwa uye mutoro unogovaniswa zvakaenzana kune processor. Chishandiso cheAntexGate chine ARM processor ine 4 cores ye1.2 GHz uye 1 GB ye RAM, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire anokwana mana emabasa makuru uye kugovera mutoro kune macores. Kuenzaniswa nePLC, AntexGate inogona kupa kanenge ka4 simba rekombuta pamutengo mumwe chete.
Mufananidzo 9 - Kurodha AntexGate komputa kugona mune yekumhanyisa mode (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Sezvatinoona kubva kuMufananidzo 9, iyo CPU mutoro haina kupfuura 2,5%, uye chete 61MB yendangariro yakagoverwa. Saka, diki purojekiti yenguva yekumhanya inodya mashoma akavakirwa-mukati zviwanikwa.
Chishandiso ichi chinogona kushandiswa kwete semutongi chete, asiwo sevhavha yakazara ine polling inodarika 2000 I/O mapoinzi uye kugona kutsigira vanopfuura zana WEB vatengi.
Semuenzaniso, ngatibatanidzei 9 WEB vatengi kune mudziyo uye tione kufambira mberi kwekushandisa zviwanikwa (Mufananidzo 10).
Mufananidzo 10 - Kurodha kugona kwekombuta yeAntexGate kana uchibatanidza 9 WEB vatengi (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Sezvauri kuona kubva pamufananidzo uri pamusoro, kushandiswa kweCPU kwakwira kubva paavhareji ye2,5% kusvika 6%, uye chete 3MB imwe ndangariro yakagoverwa.
Nekuda kwehukuru hwemakomputa zviwanikwa zvechishandiso, mugadziri haafanire skimp pamhando yechirongwa chakagadzirwa muMasterSCADA 4D.
Muchinjikwa-chikuva
Ini ndodawo kucherechedza iwo muchinjiko-chikuva cheSCADA system iri kutariswa, iyo inopa vanobatanidza sarudzo hombe yemapuratifomu ekuita mapurojekiti avo. Kutenda kune iyi nzira, shanduko pakati peanoshanda masisitimu kana PC architecture iri nyore kwazvo.
mhedziso
MasterSCADA 4D chigadzirwa chitsva kubva kuInsat. Nhasi hapana ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pekushanda neichi chigadzirwa chesoftware sezvatinoda. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kudhawunirodha yemahara budiriro nharaunda kubva kune yekambani webhusaiti webhusaiti; ine ruzivo rwakadzama rwekubatsira pakushanda nechirongwa.
Mufananidzo 11 - Hwindo rekubatsira (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Mukupedzisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti chinyorwa ichi chine data yekutanga nezve MasterSCADA 4D software chigadzirwa uye haitauri zvakawanda. Nekudaro, nerutsigiro rwako, isu tinoburitsa yakadzama mienzaniso uye zvidzidzo zvekushanda nechigadzirwa chesoftware.
Ndinoda kuona mumhinduro kuti ndeipi mibvunzo yaunonyanya kufarira. Uye kana zvichibvira, tichashandura mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa kuita chidzidzo chekugadzira mapurojekiti muMasterSCADA 4D.
Source: www.habr.com