Kuve neruzivo rwakawanda mumunda weindasitiri otomatiki, isu tinogara tichitsvaga akanakisa sarudzo dzekugadzirisa matambudziko edu. Zvichienderana nebasa rehunyanzvi remutengi, taifanira kugadzirisa pane imwe kana imwe software uye hardware base. Uye kana pakanga pasina zvidikanwi zvakasimba zvekuisa Siemens midziyo pamwe chete neTIA-portal, saka, sekutonga, sarudzo yakawira MasterSCADA 3.XX. Nekudaro, hapana chinogara nekusingaperi pasi pemwedzi ...
Nezve ruzivo rwangu rwekuchinja kuMasterSCADA 4D, prerequisites, maficha ebasa rayo pamakomputa akaiswa eArM architecture pasi pekuchekwa kwechinyorwa ichi.
Shure
Takatanga kuyedza budiriro nyowani neInsat - MasterSCADA 4D - kwete kare. Paiva nezvakawanda zvaidiwa izvi. Chekutanga, takaita ongororo dzakazvimiririra dzakati wandei pakati penyanzvi mumunda weindasitiri otomatiki kuitira kuti tizive kuti ndeapi maSCADA masisitimu anonyanya kufarirwa (Mufananidzo 1). Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yeongororo, iyo MasterSCADA system inomira pekutanga pakati pedzimba masisitimu.
Mufananidzo 1 - Mhedzisiro yeongororo yeanonyanya kufarirwa maSCADA masisitimu (inodzvanya mufananidzo)
Chechipiri chinodiwa chinogona kutariswa ...
Zvino ngatifambei takananga kuMasterSCADA 4D pachayo. Iyo ine zvigadzirwa zviviri zvesoftware, zvinoti: nharaunda yekusimudzira uye nharaunda yekuuraya. Tichataura nezvekushanda kwechimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi pasi apa.
Development environment
Iyo sisitimu purojekiti inogadzirwa muMasterSCADA 4D budiriro nharaunda. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuwana yemahara vhezheni kubva kuInsat webhusaiti uye woimisa uchitevera zvinokurudzira.
Mufananidzo 2 - Kuvandudza nharaunda interface (inodzvanya mufananidzo)
Chinhu chekutanga chinobata ziso ndeye inonakidza interface yenzvimbo yekusimudzira uye yakanakira hierarchical chimiro chekuvakwa kweprojekiti. Iye zvino mune imwe purojekiti iwe unogona kugadzira chirongwa kwete chete kune otomatiki nzvimbo yebasa, asiwo yechinhu chose, kutanga nemutongi - kuguma nevhavha kana nzvimbo yevashandisi.
Nzvimbo yekuvandudza inoshanda chete paOS Windows, izvi zvinozivikanwa uye zvinonzwisisika, asi nzvimbo yekumhanya (RunTime) yakashamisika zvikuru nekukwanisa kwayo kubatana mumasisitimu akasiyana-siyana ekushanda uye ma processor architectures, asi zvakawanda nezvazvo gare gare.
Ndakafadzwawo neraibhurari hombe yezvinhu zvekuona. Nyanzvi dzinobva munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzichakwanisa kuzvitsvagira zvinhu zvekuona pasina kudhirowa kana kutsvaga zvidhori paInternet.
Mufananidzo 3 - Visualization zvinhu (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Kukurukurirana protocol
Iyo sisitimu inotsigira akasiyana madhiraivha (kuchinjana maprotocol), ayo akabatanidzwa muMasterSCADA 4D nekukasira:
- Modbus TCP/RTU, RTU pamusoro peTCP
- DCON
- OPC UA/DA/HDA
- IEC61850
- SNMP
- PostgreSQL
- MQTT
- IEC104
- mssql
- MySQL
- Mercury (yakasiyana raibhurari) nevamwe.
Runtime environment
Iyo yekumhanyisa nharaunda inogona kutangwa pane akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda uye ega komputa architecture, unogona zvakare kuvhura RunTime pamushini wemuno, inoiswa pamwe chete nenharaunda yekusimudzira uye inoshanda kweawa (kana makumi matatu nemaviri tags) pasina kurambidzwa.
AnexGate mudziyo
MasterSCADA Runtime yakaiswa kare senzira yakasiyana pakombiyuta ine AntexGate ine ARM processor architecture uye operating system. Debian, tichaita bvunzo pachishandiso ichi.
Mufananidzo 4 - AndexGate mudziyo
Zvichemo zvemiti:
- CPU: 4-core x64 ARM v8 Cortex-A53
- 1.2Mhz RAM: LPDDR2 1024MB
- Non-volatile memory: 8/16/32GB eMMC
Unogona kuverenga zvakawanda pamusoro mudziyo .
Ngatimhanyei chirongwa mumudziyo mukuru. Semuenzaniso, isu takagadzira vhoti uye kutonga kwechishandiso tichishandisa Modbus RTU protocol, maitiro ekumisikidza vhoti ari intuitive uye zvakangofanana nekumisikidza inozivikanwa OPC server. Nekudaro, RunTime ikozvino ine yakavakirwa-mukati madhiraivha ekuchinjana data.
Semuenzaniso, isu tichagadzira purojekiti iri nyore yekudzora mapombi matatu uye mavharuvhu maviri, ayo anodiwa kune abstract kugadzira maitiro. Munzvimbo yekusimudzira, inoita seizvi, semufananidzo 5.
Mufananidzo 5 - Project munharaunda yekusimudzira (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Nekuda kweizvozvo, takawana iri nyore mnemonic diagraph (Mufananidzo 6), iyo inoshanda mune chero browser ine HTML5 rutsigiro.
Mufananidzo 6 - Mnemonic diagram (GIF animation inodzvanya)
HMI ruzivo rwekuratidzira sarudzo
Zvinokwanisika kubatanidza kune execution environment kuburikidza neWEB, iyi sarudzo haitigadzirisi pakusarudza mutengi wekuona data pane mnemonic diagram.
Muchiitiko chedu, chigadzirwa chinopa kubudiswa kwemashoko kuburikidza neHDMI, Ethernet, 3G.
Kana tichibatanidza neHDMI, tinowana LocalHost 127.0 0.1:8043 kuburikidza ne-built-in browser muAntexGate, kana kuti tinobatanidza kune yakatarwa IP: 8043 kero paInternet kana network yekambani yemunharaunda tichishandisa imwe "Thin Client".
Mufananidzo 7 - WEB yekutarisa chimiro (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Chinhu chinonakidza chenhau yaive yakamirirwa kwenguva refu MQTT protocol, iyo yaiwanzoshaikwa yekutarisa zvinhu zviri kure muSCADA masisitimu.
Nhasi, munhu wese ane mukana wekuwana isingadhuri VDS server paInternet ine fixed IP kero (somuenzaniso, kambani webhusaiti server) uye shandisa MQTT Broker pairi (somuenzaniso, Mosquito).
Tagamuchira sevha imwe chete neMQTT bhuroka, tinogona kubvisa nyore nyore masevhisi anodhura - yakatarwa IP uye kubhadhara 900 rubles pagore panzvimbo ye4000 rubles ye3G yekubatanidza.
Mufananidzo 8 - MQTT yekutarisa chimiro (inodzvanya mufananidzo)
Rudzi urwu rwekuvaka network haruzongo chengetedza patraffic chete, asi zvakare huchachengetedza data, sezvo kuendesa data kuburikidza neModbus TCP protocol paInternet haivimbisi kuchengetedzwa uye kunaka kwekutaurirana.
Nekudaro, iwe unogona kutengesa akadzokororwa mapurojekiti umo mutengi anosarudza mupi weInternet pachake. Uye hapana munhu anofanirwa kunetseka nezve kumisikidza uye kugovera IP kero: mutengi anoisa chero SIM kadhi kana anobatanidza kune router ine DHCP server pachake.
Performance
Chinhu chikuru chepurojekiti ndechekuita, izvo zvinonzi "Mabasa" zvichatibatsira neizvi. Nekumisikidza, imwe node kana yagadzirwa ine imwe chete - iyo Main basa. Mugadziri wepurojekiti anogona kugadzira akawanda sezvinodiwa pakushanda kweimwe chirongwa. Mamiriro ekuverenga, semuenzaniso, kutenderera kwekuverenga, kunoenderana nezvirongwa zverimwe basa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo achashanda akazvimiririra kune vamwe vari muchigadzirwa. Kugadzira akati wandei mabasa zvinokurudzirwa kana zvichidikanwa kupa akasiyana maverengero ekuverenga kune akasiyana mapurogiramu epurojekiti.
Iri basa rinonyanya kunakidza kune zvishandiso zvine processor ine akati wandei macores. Imwe neimwe "Basa" inotangwa seyakasiyana maitiro muhurongwa uye mutoro unogovaniswa zvakaenzana kune processor. Chishandiso cheAntexGate chine ARM processor ine 4 cores pa 1.2 GHz uye 1 GB ye RAM, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire anokwana mana emabasa makuru uye kugovera mutoro kune macores. Kuenzaniswa nePLC, mudziyo weAntexGate unogona kupa kanenge ka4 simba rekombuta pamutengo mumwe chete.
Mufananidzo 9 - Kurodha AntexGate's komputa kugona mune yekumhanyisa mode (inodzvanya mufananidzo)
Sezvatinoona kubva kuMufananidzo 9, iyo CPU mutoro haina kupfuura 2,5%, uye chete 61MB yendangariro yakagoverwa. Nekudaro, purojekiti diki mukuita mode inodya mashoma akavakirwa-mukati zviwanikwa.
Chishandiso ichi chinogona kushandiswa kwete semutongi chete, asiwo sevhavha yakazara-yakazara ine polling yeanopfuura mazana maviri ekupinda / kubuda mapoinzi uye kugona kutsigira vanopfuura zana WEB vatengi.
Semuenzaniso, ngatibatanidzei 9 WEB vatengi kune mudziyo uye tione kufambira mberi kwekushandisa zviwanikwa (Mufananidzo 10).
Mufananidzo 10 - Kurodha kweAntexGate komputa kugona kana uchibatanidza 9 WEB vatengi (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Sezvauri kuona kubva pamufananidzo uri pamusoro, kushandiswa kweCPU kwakawedzera kubva pa2,5% kusvika 6% paavhareji, nepo kugoverwa kwendangariro kwakawedzera ne3MB chete.
Nekuda kwehombe chengetedzo yemakomputa zviwanikwa zvechishandiso, mugadziri haadi kuchengetedza pamhando yechirongwa chakagadzirwa muMasterSCADA 4D.
Muchinjikwa-chikuva
Ini ndodawo kucherechedza iwo muchinjiko-chikuva cheSCADA system iri mubvunzo, iyo inopa vanobatanidza sarudzo hombe yemapuratifomu ekuita mapurojekiti avo. Nekuda kwemaitiro aya, shanduko pakati peanoshanda masisitimu kana PC architecture iri nyore kwazvo.
mhedziso
MasterSCADA 4D chigadzirwa chitsva kubva kuInsat. Nhasi, hapana ruzivo rwakawanda rwekushanda nesoftware iyi sezvatinoda. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kudhawunirodha yemahara budiriro nharaunda kubva kune yepamutemo webhusaiti webhusaiti, ine ruzivo rwakadzama rubatsiro pakushanda nechirongwa.
Mufananidzo 11 - Hwindo rekubatsira (mufananidzo unodzvanya)
Mukupedzisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti chinyorwa ichi chine data yekusuma pane MasterSCADA 4D software chigadzirwa uye zvinhu zvakawanda hazvina kutaurwa. Nekudaro, nerutsigiro rwako, isu tinoburitsa yakadzama mienzaniso uye zvidzidzo zvekushanda nechigadzirwa chesoftware.
Tinoda kuona mumhinduro kuti ndeipi mibvunzo yaunonyanya kufarira. Uye isu, kana zvichibvira, tichashandura mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa kuita chidzidzo chekugadzira mapurojekiti muMasterSCADA 4D.
Source: www.habr.com
