Nyanzvi dzekuchengetedza ruzivo dzakawana kusagadzikana kutsva muIntel chips inogona kushandiswa kuba ruzivo rwakadzama zvakananga kubva kune processor. Vatsvakurudzi vakaitumidza "ZombieLoad". ZombieLoad ndeyekudivi-ne-parutivi kurwiswa kunonangana neIntel chips iyo inobvumira matsotsi kushandisa zvinobudirira kukanganisa mukuvaka kwavo kuti vawane data risingabvumirwe, asi hazvivatenderi kupinza uye kuita zvisina tsarukano kodhi yakaipa, nekudaro vachiishandisa sechoga chishandiso chekushandisa. kupindira nekubira.makomputa ari kure haaite.
Sekureva kweIntel, ZombieLoad ine tsikidzi ina muiyo microcode yemachipisi ayo, ayo vaongorori vakaudza kambani mwedzi wapfuura. Anenge ese makomputa ane Intel chips akaburitswa kubva 2011 ari panjodzi yekusagadzikana. ARM uye AMD machipisi haabatike nekusagadzikana uku.
ZombieLoad inoyeuchidza Meltdown uye Specter, iyo yainakidza munguva yakapfuura, iyo yakashandisa bug mukufungidzira (advance) command execution system. Kuita kwekufungidzira kunobatsira ma processor kufanotaura kusvika pamwero wakati izvo application kana sisitimu yekushandisa ingangoda munguva pfupi iri kutevera, ichiita kuti application imhanye nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya. Iyo processor inodzosa mhedzisiro yekufungidzira kwayo kana ichokwadi, kana kuseta zvakare mibairo yekuuraya kana kufanotaura kuri kwenhema. Vese Meltdown uye Specter vanoshandisa kugona kushandisa zvisina kunaka chimiro ichi kuti vawane mukana wakananga kune iyo processor iri kubata.
ZombieLoad inodudzira se "zombie kurodha," iyo inotsanangura muchidimbu maitiro ekusagadzikana. Panguva yekurwiswa, processor inodyiswa data rakawanda kupfuura yainokwanisa kubata nemazvo, zvichiita kuti processor ikumbire rubatsiro kubva kumicrocode kudzivirira kuparara. Kazhinji, maapplication anogona kungoona yavo yega data, asi bug yakakonzerwa neCPU yakawandisa inokubvumira kuti upfuure ichi chinogumira. Vatsvagiri vakati ZombieLoad inokwanisa kuwana chero data rinoshandiswa nema processor cores. Intel inoti iyo microcode gadziriso ichabatsira kujekesa processor buffers kana yaremerwa, kudzivirira maapplication kubva pakuverenga data raasina kuitirwa kuverenga.
Muvhidhiyo yekuratidzira mashandiro ekusagadzikana kunoshanda, vaongorori vakaratidza kuti inogona kushandiswa kuona kuti ndeapi mawebhusaiti ari kushanyira munhu munguva chaiyo, asi anogona kungoshandiswa nyore kuwana, semuenzaniso, mapassword kana tokens yekuwana yakashandiswa. nevashandisi vekubhadhara kutengeserana
Kufanana neMeltdown uye Specter, ZombieLoad haingobatanidzi maPC nemalaptops chete, asiwo maseva emakore. Kusagadzikana kunogona kushandiswa pamakina chaiwo anofanirwa kuve akaparadzaniswa kubva kune mamwe masikirwo masisitimu nemidziyo yavo yekugamuchira kuti akwanise kunzvenga kuzviparadzanisa. Nokudaro, Daniel Gruss, mumwe wevatsvakurudzi vakawana kusagadzikana, anoti inogona kuverenga data kubva kune seva processors nenzira imwecheteyo pamakombiyuta ega. Iri idambudziko ringangove rakakomba munzvimbo dzemakore uko vatengi vakasiyana-siyana michina iri kushanda pane imwechete server hardware. Kunyangwe kurwiswa uchishandisa ZombieLoad kusati kwambotaurwa pachena, vaongorori havagone kutonga kunze kuti vaigona kunge vatora nzvimbo, sezvo kuba data kusingawanzo kusiya chero maronda.
Izvi zvinorevei kumushandisi wepakati? Hapana chikonzero chekuvhunduka. Izvi zviri kure nekubiridzira kana kusagadzikana kwezuva-zero apo anorwisa anogona kutora komputa yako nekukasira. Gruss anotsanangura kuti ZombieLoad "iri nyore kupfuura Specter" asi "yakaoma kupfuura Meltdown" - zvose zvinoda humwe unyanzvi hwakagadzirirwa uye kuedza kushandisa zvinogumbura. Muchokwadi, kuita kurwisa uchishandisa ZombieLoad, iwe unofanirwa kurodha iyo ine hutachiona uye woimhanyisa wega, ipapo kusagadzikana kuchabatsira anorwisa kurodha data rako rese. Nekudaro, kune nzira dziri nyore dzekubira mukombuta uye kuvabira.
Intel yakatoburitsa microcode kuti ibate ma processor akanganisa, anosanganisira Intel Xeon, Intel Broadwell, Sandy Bridge, Skylake uye Haswell machipisi, Intel Kaby Lake, Kofi Lake, Whisky Lake uye Cascade Lake machipisi, pamwe neese maAtom uye Knights processors. Mamwe makambani makuru akaburitsawo gadziriso yekusagadzikana kwavo. Apple, Microsoft neGoogle vakatoburitsawo zvigamba zvinoenderana nebrowser yavo.
Mubvunzurudzo neTechCrunch, Intel yakati zvigadziriso kune chip microcode, senge zvigamba zvakapfuura, zvichakanganisa processor kuita. Mutauriri weIntel akati michina yakawanda yakavharwa nevatengi inogona kutambura nekurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekuita kwe3%, nekurasikirwa kunosvika 9% kwenzvimbo dzedata. Asi maererano neIntel, izvi hazvigoneke kuti zvionekwe mune dzakawanda mamiriro.
Nekudaro, mainjiniya eApple haabvumirani zvachose neIntel, uyo nezve nzira yekudzivirira kwakazara kubva ku "Microarchitectural Data Sampling" (zita repamutemo ZombieLoad) vanoti kuti kuvhara zvachose kusakanganiswa kunofanirwa kudzima zvachose Intel Hyper-Threading tekinoroji muma processors, ayo, maererano nemiedzo neApple nyanzvi, anogona kuderedza. kuita kwezvishandiso zvevashandisi mune akati wandei mabasa ne40%.
Hapana Intel kana Danieri nechikwata chake vakaburitsa kodhi iyo inoshandisa kusagadzikana, saka hapana kutyisidzira kwakananga uye nekukurumidza kune avhareji mushandisi. Uye nekukasira kuburitswa zvigamba zvinozvibvisa zvachose, asi zvichipihwa kuti imwe neimwe gadziriso yakadaro inodhura vashandisi kumwe kurasikirwa mukuita, mimwe mibvunzo inomuka yeIntel.
Source: 3dnews.ru