Isu tese takajaira chokwadi chekuti shongwe dzekukurukurirana uye masts dzinotaridzika kufinha kana kusatarisika. Neraki, munhoroondo maive - uye ari - anonakidza, asina kujairika mienzaniso yeizvi, kazhinji, zvimiro zvekushandisa. Takaisa pamwe chete sarudzo diki yenhare dzekutaurirana dzatakaona dzakanyanya kukosha.
Stockholm tower
Ngatitangei ne "trump kadhi" - yakasarudzika uye yekare dhizaini mukusarudza kwedu. Zvakaoma kunyange kudana kuti "shongwe". Muna 1887, shongwe yakaenzana yakavakwa kubva kumatare esimbi muStockholm. Ne turrets mumakona, mireza uye zvekushongedza zvakatenderedza perimeter - runako!
Iyo shongwe yainyanya kuita zvemashiripiti munguva yechando, apo waya dzakaoma nechando:
Muna 1913, shongwe yakaguma kuva nharembozha, asi haina kuparadzwa uye yakasiiwa sechiratidzo cheguta. Sezvineiwo, makore 40 chaiwo gare gare makava nemoto muchivako chacho, uye shongwe yaifanira kuputswa.
Microwave network
Muna 1948, kambani yeAmerica AT&T yakatanga chirongwa chinodhura kugadzira network yeredhiyo relay shongwe dzekutaurirana mune microwave renji. Muna 1951, network ine shongwe 107 yakaiswa kushanda. Kekutanga, zvakakwanisika kufona munyika yose uye kutumira chiratidzo cheTV pamhepo chete, pasina kushandisa tambo dzewaya. Mabhero emaantenna avo anoti yeuchidza magiramufoni kana vatauri vevagadziri vakavakwa zvinoenderana nereverse nyanga dhizaini.
Nekudaro, network yakazosiiwa nekuti microwave radio relay kutaurirana kwakatsiviwa ne optical fiber. Mhedzisiro yeshongwe yave yakasiyana: mamwe ari kuita ngura asina basa, mamwe akachekwa kuita simbi yakasakara, mamwe anoshandiswa kuronga kutaurirana nemakambani maduku; Dzimwe shongwe dzinoshandiswa nevagari veko kune zvavanoda.
Wardenclyffe Tower
Nikola Tesla aive shasha, uye pamwe achiri kushomeka. Pamwe paiva nekakupenga chaiko. Zvichida, dai vatengesi vasina kumurega, angadai akapinda munhoroondo semunhu akashandura hupenyu hwevanhu vose. Asi ikozvino tinogona kungofungidzira pamusoro peizvi.
Muna 1901, Tesla akatanga kuvaka Wardenclyffe Tower, iyo yaifanira kuumba hwaro hwe transatlantic communication line. Uye panguva imwecheteyo, nerubatsiro rwayo, Tesla aida kuratidza mukana wakakosha wekufambiswa kwemagetsi pasina waya - muvambi akarota kugadzira hurongwa hwepasirese hwekufambisa magetsi, kutepfenyura neredhiyo. Maiwe, zvishuvo zvake zvaipesana nezvido zvebhizimisi zvevanoisa mari, saka Tesla akangomira kupa mari kuti aenderere mberi nebasa, iro raifanira kuvharwa muna 1905.
Iyo shongwe yakavakwa padyo nerabhoritari yaTesla:
Maiwe, pfungwa yeunyanzvi haina kurarama nanhasi - shongwe yakaputswa muna 1917.
Hofori yenyanga nhatu
Asi shongwe iyi mhenyu uye zvakanaka, inoshingaira kushandiswa uye inobatsira. Chivako chakareba mamita 298 chakavakwa pachikomo muSan Francisco. Yakavakwa muna 1973 uye ichiri kushandiswa kutepfenyura terevhizheni neredhiyo. Kusvika 2017, iyo Sutro Tower yaive chivakwa chakareba kwazvo muguta.
Kudzvanya pamufananidzo uyu kunovhura mufananidzo wakazara:
Maonero eSan Francisco kubva pashongwe:
Mumvura isina kudzika
Mauto Emuchadenga eUS akambovaka shongwe dzinoverengeka dzeredhiyo muGulf yeMexico.
Nechepazasi chaipo, mumvura isina kudzika, simbi nhatu dzakaiswa pamabhesi ekongiri, uye matanda matete matete ane mapuratifomu emidziyo paigona kukwana imba diki inokwira pamusoro pemvura. Chiono chisina kujairika - danda rakavhurika rinonamira pakati pegungwa.
Sezvinowanzoitika, kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekutaurirana kwaita kuti shongwe dzisakoshe, uye nhasi mauto haazive zvekuita nawo: angave adzicheka, mafashama, kana kuvasiya sezvavari. Zvinoda kuziva kuti nekufamba kwemakore ekuvapo kwavo, antennas akachinja kuita rudzi rwematombo ekugadzira ane zvipenyu zvake, uye akasarudzwa nevadi vehove dzegungwa uye diving, vakatoisa chikumbiro kuti shongwe dzive. kwete kuparadzwa.
Pamberi peredhiyo
Uye kupedzisa kusarudzwa kwedu, tinoda kutaura nezve kugadzirwa kwevaFrench vaviri, hama dzeChappe. Muna 1792, vakaratidza iyo inonzi "semaphore" - shongwe diki ine tsvimbo inotenderera inotenderera, kumagumo kwaivewo nemazariro anotenderera. Hama dzaShapp dzakaronga kukodha mavara nenhamba dzearufabheti vachishandisa nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzetsvimbo nembariro.
Mabhawa nebhawa zvaifanira kutenderedzwa nemaoko. Nhasi izvi zvese zvinotaridzika zvinononoka uye zvisingaite, uye kunze kweizvozvo, hurongwa hwakadaro hwaive nechakaipa chakakomba: chaienderana zvachose nemamiriro ekunze uye nguva yezuva. Asi pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi 18, uku kwaive kubudirira kunoshamisa - mameseji mapfupi aikwanisa kufambiswa pakati pemaguta kuburikidza nengetani yeshongwe mukati memaminitsi makumi maviri.
Uye pakati pezana ramakore rechi 19, marudzi ese eteregirafu yemaziso - kusanganisira akasiyana aishandisa masaini emwenje - akatsiviwa nemagetsi, ane waya. Uye pane zvimwe zvivakwa zvekuvaka, turrets paimbomira semaphore shongwe dzichiri kuchengetedzwa. Somuenzaniso, padenga re Winter Palace.
Source: www.habr.com
