Mune imwe yekutaura ndakabvunzwa mubvunzo:
- Pane here chandinogona kuverenga nezve nzira yekurongedza nemaseva mumaraki?
Ndakaona kuti ndaisaziva chinyorwa chakadaro, saka ndakanyora zvangu.
Chekutanga, chinyorwa ichi chiri pamusoro pemaseva emuviri munzvimbo dze data data (DCs). Chechipiri, isu tinotenda kuti kune akawanda akawanda maseva: mazana-zviuru; kune diki nhamba iyi chinyorwa hachina musoro. Chechitatu, isu tinofunga kuti isu tine zvipingamupinyi zvitatu: nzvimbo yemuviri mumaraki, simba rekupa pane rack, uye rega mareki amire mumitsara kuitira kuti isu tishandise imwe ToR switch yekubatanidza maseva mumaraki ari padyo.
Mhinduro kumubvunzo zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekuti ndeipi parameter yatiri optimize uye chii chatinogona kusiyanisa kuti tiwane mhedzisiro yakanaka. Semuenzaniso, isu tinongoda kutora shoma yenzvimbo kuti tisiye yakawanda kuti iwedzere kukura. Kana kuti pamwe isu tine rusununguko pakusarudza kureba kwemareki, simba paraki, zvigadziko muPDU, nhamba yemachira muboka rekuchinja (imwe switch ye1, 2 kana 3 racks), kureba kwewaya uye kudhonza basa ( izvi zvakakosha pamagumo emitsara: ne 10 racks mumutsara uye 3 racks per switch, iwe uchafanirwa kukwevera waya kune imwe mutsara kana kusashandisa zvikepe mukuchinja), nezvimwewo, nezvimwe. Nhau dzakaparadzana: kusarudzwa kwemaseva uye kusarudzwa kweDCs, isu tichafunga kuti ivo vakasarudzwa.
Zvingave zvakanaka kuti tinzwisise mamwe ma nuances uye ruzivo, kunyanya, avhareji / yakanyanya kushandiswa kwemaseva, uye kuti magetsi anopihwa sei kwatiri. Saka, kana tine simba reRussia rekupa 230V uye chimwe chikamu pane rack, ipapo 32A muchina unogona kubata ~ 7kW. Ngatitii tinobhadhara 6kW paraki. Kana mupi akayera mashandisiro edu chete kune mutsara we10 racks, uye kwete kune yega rack, uye kana muchina wakaiswa pane inomisikidzwa 7 kW cutoff, saka nehunyanzvi tinogona kushandisa 6.9 kW mune imwe rack, 5.1 kW mune imwe uye zvese zvichave zvakanaka - kwete kurangwa.
Kazhinji chinangwa chedu chikuru ndechekuderedza mari. Chiyero chakanakisa chekuyera kudzikiswa kweTCO (mutengo wese wevaridzi). Inosanganisira zvidimbu zvinotevera:
- CAPEX: kutenga kweDC zvivakwa, maseva, network hardware uye cabling
- OPEX: DC kurenda, kushandiswa kwemagetsi, kugadzirisa. OPEX zvinoenderana nehupenyu hwesevhisi. Zvine musoro kufunga kuti makore matatu.
Zvichienderana nekukura kwakaita zvidimbu zvega pai pai yese, isu tinofanirwa kukwidziridza iyo inodhura zvakanyanya, uye rega vamwe vese vashandise zviwanikwa zvese zvasara nemazvo sezvinobvira.
Ngatitii tine DC iripo, pane rack urefu hweH mayunitsi (semuenzaniso, H = 47), magetsi pa rack Prack (Prack = 6kW), uye takasarudza kushandisa h = 2U maviri-unit maseva. Tichabvisa 2..4 mauniti kubva pachigadziko chekuchinja, zvigamba mapaneru uye varongi. Avo. mumuviri, isu tine Sh=rounddown((H-2..4)/h) maseva murack yedu (kureva Sh = rounddown((47-4)/2)=21 maseva paraki). Ngatirangarirei uyu Sh.
Muchiitiko chakareruka, ese maseva mune rack akafanana. Pakazara, kana tikazadza rack nemaseva, ipapo pane imwe neimwe server tinogona kushandisa paavhareji simba Pserv=Prack/Sh (Pserv = 6000W/21 = 287W). Kuti zvive nyore, isu tinofuratira kushandiswa kwekuchinja pano.
Ngatitorei nhanho parutivi uye tione kuti iyo yakanyanya server yekushandisa Pmax chii. Kana zviri nyore kwazvo, zvisingabatsiri uye zvakachengeteka zvachose, saka tinoverenga zvakanyorwa pamagetsi evhavha - izvi ndizvo.
Kana zvakanyanya kuoma uye zvakanyanya kushanda, zvino tinotora TDP (thermal design package) yezvikamu zvose uye muchidimbu (izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi, asi zvinogoneka).
Kazhinji isu hatizive iyo TDP yezvikamu (kunze kweCPU), saka isu tinotora yakanyanya kurongeka, asiwo nzira yakaoma kwazvo (tinoda marabhoritari) - tinotora sevha yekuyedza yegadziriro inodiwa uye kuitakura, semuenzaniso, neLinpack (CPU uye ndangariro) uye fio (madhisiki) , tinoyera kushandiswa. Kana tikazvitora zvakakomba, isu tinofanirwawo kugadzira nzvimbo inodziya kwazvo mukoridhi inotonhora panguva yekuyedzwa, nekuti izvi zvinokanganisa mashandisiro e fan uye mashandisiro eCPU. Isu tinowana iyo yakanyanya kudyiwa yeimwe sevha ine chaiyo dhizaini mumamiriro aya chaiwo pasi peiyi mutoro chaiwo. Isu tinongoreva kuti itsva system firmware, imwe shanduro yesoftware, uye mamwe mamiriro anogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro.
Saka, dzokera kuPserv uye kuti tinoienzanisa sei nePmax. Inyaya yekunzwisisa kuti masevhisi anoshanda sei uye kuti akasimba sei tsinga dzemutungamiriri wako wehunyanzvi.
Kana isu tikasatora chero njodzi zvachose, isu tinotenda kuti ese maseva anogona panguva imwe chete kutora iwo epamusoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, kupinza kumwe muDC kunogona kuitika. Kunyangwe pasi pemamiriro aya, infra inofanirwa kupa sevhisi, saka Pserv β‘ Pmax. Iyi inzira iyo kuvimbika kwakakosha zvachose.
Kana tech director akafunga kwete chete nezvekuchengetedza kwakaringana, asiwo nezve mari yekambani uye akashinga zvakakwana, saka iwe unogona kusarudza izvo.
- Isu tiri kutanga kutonga vatengesi vedu, kunyanya, isu tiri kurambidza yakarongwa gadziriso panguva dzeakarongwa peak mutoro kuderedza kudonha mune imwe yekuisa;
- uye / kana dhizaini yedu inokubvumira kuti urasikirwe neraki / mutsara / DC, asi masevhisi anoramba achishanda;
- uye/kana isu tinoparadzira mutoro zvakanaka zvakachinjika mhiri kwerekeni, saka masevhisi edu haazombosvetukira kune yakanyanya kushandiswa mune imwe rack pamwe chete.
Pano zvinobatsira kwazvo kwete kungofungidzira, asi kutarisa kushandiswa uye kuziva kuti maseva anodya sei magetsi pasi pezvakajairwa uye peak mamiriro. Naizvozvo, mushure mekumwe ongororo, tech director anosvina zvese zvaanazvo ndokuti: "isu tinoita sarudzo yekuzvidira kuti iyo yepamusoro inogoneka avhareji yeakanyanya kushandiswa sevha pa rack ndeye ** yakawandisa ** pazasi pekushandisa kwakanyanya," zvine mamiriro Pserv = 0.8* Pmax.
Uyezve 6kW rack haichakwanise kugara maseva gumi nematanhatu ane Pmax = 16W, asi maseva makumi maviri ane Pserv = 375W * 20 = 375W. Avo. 0.8% mamwe maseva. Uku ndiko kuponesa kukuru - mushure mezvose, isu tinobva tangoda 300% mashoma racks (uye isu tichachengetedzawo paPDUs, switch uye tambo). Kukanganisa kwakakomba kwemhinduro yakadai ndeyekuti tinofanira kugara tichitarisa kuti fungidziro dzedu dzichiri dzechokwadi. Kuti iyo itsva firmware version haina kunyanya kuchinja kushanda kwevateveri uye kushandiswa, kuti kuvandudza kamwe kamwe nekusunungurwa kutsva hakuna kutanga kushandisa maseva zvakanyanya (verenga: vakawana mutoro mukuru uye kushandiswa kukuru pavhavha). Mushure mezvose, ipapo fungidziro dzedu dzekutanga uye mhedziso dzinobva dzave dzisina kururama. Iyi injodzi inofanirwa kutorwa zvine hungwaru (kana kudziviswa wobva wabhadhara zviri pachena kuti rack dzinoshandiswa).
Chirevo chakakosha - iwe unofanirwa kuyedza kugovera maseva kubva kune akasiyana masevhisi akachinjika pamaraki, kana zvichibvira. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti mamiriro ezvinhu arege kuitika kana batch rimwe remaseva rasvika kune rimwe sevhisi, mashefu anosimudzwa akazara nawo kuti awedzere "density" (nekuti zviri nyore nenzira iyoyo). Muchokwadi, zvinoitika kuti rack imwe izere neakafanana akadzika-mutoro maseva ebasa rimwe chete, uye imwe izere neakaenzana akakwira-mutoro maseva. Mukana wekudonha kwechipiri wakanyanya kukwirira, nekuti iyo nhoroondo yekuremerwa yakafanana, uye ese maseva pamwe chete mune ino rack anotanga kushandisa yakaenzana semhedzisiro yekuwedzera mutoro.
Ngatidzokei pakugoverwa kwemaseva mumaraki. Isu takatarisa pane yemuviri rack nzvimbo uye masimba masimba, zvino ngatitarisei kunetiweki. Unogona kushandisa switch ne 24/32/48 N ports (semuenzaniso, isu tine 48-port ToR switch). Neraki, hapana akawanda sarudzo kana iwe usingafungi nezve tambo dzekupwanya. Isu tiri kufunga nezvezviitiko kana isu tine imwe switch pane rack, imwe switch kune maviri kana matatu rack muboka reRnet. Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti anopfuura matatu racks muboka atove akawandisa, nekuti ... dambudziko re cabling pakati racks rinova rakakura zvikuru.
Saka, kune yega yega network mamiriro (1, 2 kana 3 racks muboka), isu tinogovera maseva pakati pema racks:
Srack = min(Sh, rounddown(Prack/Pserv), rounddown(N/Rnet))
Saka, kune iyo sarudzo ine 2 racks muboka:
Srack2 = min(21, rounddown(6000/300), rounddown(48/2)) = min(21, 20, 24) = 20 maseva paraki.
Isu tinofunga zvakasara sarudzo nenzira imwechete:
Srack1 = 20
Srack3 = 16
Uye isu tave pedyo. Isu tinoverenga huwandu hwema racks kugovera ese maseva edu S (ngave 1000):
R = kutenderera(S / (Srack * Rnet)) * Rnet
R1 = kutenderedza (1000 / (20 * 1)) * 1 = 50 * 1 = 50 racks
R2 = kutenderedza (1000 / (20 * 2)) * 2 = 25 * 2 = 50 racks
R3 = kutenderedza (1000 / (16 * 3)) * 3 = 25 * 2 = 63 racks
Tevere, isu tinoverenga TCO yesarudzo yega yega zvichienderana nehuwandu hwema racks, nhamba inodiwa yekuchinja, cabling, nezvimwe. Isu tinosarudza sarudzo iyo TCO yakaderera. Profit!
Cherechedza kuti kunyange zvazvo nhamba inodiwa yeraki yezvisarudzo 1 uye 2 yakafanana, mutengo wavo uchave wakasiyana, nokuti nhamba yekuchinja kwechisarudzo chechipiri ihafu yakawanda, uye urefu hwetambo dzinodiwa hurefu.
PS Kana iwe uine mukana wekutamba nesimba pane rack uye kureba kweiyo rack, kusiyanisa kunowedzera. Asi iyo nzira inogona kuderedzwa kune inotsanangurwa pamusoro apa nekungopfuura nemusarudzo. Hongu, kuchave nekumwe kusanganiswa, asi kuchiri nhamba shoma - iyo magetsi kune rack yekuverenga inogona kuwedzerwa mumatanho e1 kW, machira akajairika anouya muhuwandu hushoma hwehukuru hwakajairwa: 42U, 45U, 47U, 48U. , 52U. Uye pano Excel's What-If ongororo muData Tafura modhi inogona kubatsira nekuverenga. Tinotarisa mahwendefa akagamuchirwa uye tinosarudza zvishoma.
Source: www.habr.com