Rakadhindwa makumi matanhatu edition yechiyero chemakomputa epamusoro-soro

The 60th edition of the ranking of the 500 most high-performance computers in the world has been published. Muchinyorwa chitsva, pane shanduko imwe chete mune gumi yepamusoro - iyo Leonardo cluster, iri munzvimbo yekuItaly yekutsvagisa sainzi CINECA, yakatora nzvimbo yechina. Iri sumbu rinosanganisira angangoita miriyoni 4 processor cores (CPU Xeon Platinum 1.5 8358C 32GHz) uye inopa kushanda kwe2.6 petaflops nekushandisa simba kwe255.75 kilowatts.

Iwo matatu epamusoro, akafanana nemwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura, anosanganisira mapoka anotevera:

• Frontier - Inogara kuU.S. Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iro cluster rine angangoita 9 miriyoni processor cores (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz CPU, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator) uye inopa kuita kwe1.102.
• Fugaku - anogara paRIKEN Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Japan). Iyo cluster inovakwa uchishandisa ARM processors (158976 nodes yakavakirwa paFujitsu A64FX SoC, ine 48-core Armv8.2-A SVE 2.2GHz CPU). Fugaku inopa 442 petaflops yekushanda.
• LUMI inotambirwa paEuropean Supercomputing Center (EuroHPC) muFinland uye inopa 151 petaflops yekuita. Iyo cluster yakavakirwa paiyo imwechete HPE Cray EX235a chikuva semutungamiri wechiyero, asi inosanganisira 1.1 miriyoni processor cores (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator, Slingshot-11 network).

Kana ari macomputer makuru epamba, masumbu eChervonenkis, Galushkin neLyapunov akagadzirwa neYandex akadonha kubva pa22, 40 uye 43 nzvimbo kuenda ku25, 44 uye 47 nzvimbo. Aya masumbu akagadzirirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko ekudzidza muchina uye kupa mashandiro e21.5, 16 uye 12.8 petaflops, zvichiteerana. Masango anomhanya Ubuntu 16.04 uye akashongedzwa neAMD epyc processors neNvidia ecuster 7 100 nvidia geny. cores 199 193C 7702GH uye 64 GPU NVIDIA A2 1592G), Lyapunov - 100 nodes (80 zviuru cores AMD EPYC 136 134C 7702GHz uye 64 GPU NVIDIA A2 1088G).

Iyo Christofari Neo cluster yakatumirwa neSberbank yakadonha kubva pachi46 kusvika pachinzvimbo che50. Christofari Neo anomhanyisa NVIDIA DGX OS 5 (Ubuntu edition) uye inoratidza kuita kwe11.9 petaflops. Iri sumbu rine zvinopfuura zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe nezvisere zvemakomputa cores zvakavakirwa pa AMD EPYC 98 7742C 64GHz CPU uye inouya neNVIDIA A2.25 100GB GPU. Chikamu chechipiri cheSberbank (Christofari) chakasimuka kubva pa80 kusvika panzvimbo ye80 munzvimbo yemwedzi mitanhatu.

Mamwe masumbu maviri epamba anoramba ari pachinzvimbo: Lomonosov 2 - akatama kubva pa262 kuenda ku290 (muna 2015, Lomonosov 2 cluster yakatora 31 nzvimbo, uye yakatangira Lomonosov muna 2011 - 13 nzvimbo) uye MTS GROM - yakatama kubva 318 kusvika 352 nzvimbo . Nokudaro, nhamba yezvikwata zvemumba muhutano haina kuchinja uye, semwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura, ndeye 7 masisitimu (yekuenzanisa, muna 2020 pakanga paine 2 hurongwa hwepamba muhurongwa, muna 2017 - 5, uye muna 2012 - 12).

Mafambiro anonyanya kufadza:

• Kugoverwa nehuwandu hwemakomputa makuru munyika dzakasiyana:
  • China: 162 (173 - mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura). Pakazara, masumbu eChinese anogadzira 10% yezvese zvibereko (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura - 12%);
  • USA: 127 (127). Kubudirira kwese kunofungidzirwa ku43.6% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura - 47.3%);
  • Germany: makumi matatu nemana (34). Kubudirira kwese - 31%;
  • Japan: 31 (34). Kuwanda kwehuwandu - 12.8%;
  • France: makumi maviri nemana (24). Kuwanda kwehuwandu - 22%;
  • UK: 15 (12);
  • Canada 10 (14);
  • Netherlands: 8 (6);
  • South Korea 8 (6)
  • Brazil 8 (6);
  • Russia 7 (7);
  • Italy: 7 (6);
  • Saudi Arabia 6 (6);
  • Sweden 6 (5);
  • Australia 5 (5);
  • Ireland 5;
  • Poland 5 (5);
  • Switzerland 4 (4);
  • Finirendi: 3 (4).
  • Singapore: 3;
  • India: 3;
  • Poland: 3;
  • Norway: 3.
• Muchikamu chemaitiro ekushanda anoshandiswa mumakomputa makuru, Linux chete yakasara kwemakore matanhatu;
• Kugoverwa neLinux kugoverwa (mumabhuraketi - 6 mwedzi yapfuura):
  • 47.8% (47.8%) haina tsananguro yekugovera;
  • 17.2% (18.2%) vanoshandisa CentOS;
  • 9.6% (8.8%) - RHEL;
  • 9% (8%) - Cray Linux;
  • 5.4% (5.2%) - Ubuntu;
  • 3.8% (3.8%) - SUSE;
  • 0.8% (0.8%) - Alma Linux;
  • 0.8% (0.8%) - Rocky Linux;
  • 0.2% (0.2%) - Scientific Linux.
• Hudiki hwekuita chikumbaridzo chekupinda muTop500 kwemwedzi mitanhatu yaive 6 petaflops (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura - 1.73 petaflops). Makore mana apfuura, masumbu 1.65 chete airatidza kushanda kweanopfuura petaflop, makore mashanu apfuura - 272, makore matanhatu apfuura - 138). Kune Top94, chikumbaridzo chekupinda chakawedzera kubva pa100 kusvika ku5.39 petaflops;
• Kuitwa kwese kwese masisitimu muyero pamusoro pemwedzi mitanhatu kwakawedzera kubva 6 kusvika 4.4 exaflops (makore matatu apfuura yaive 4.8 exaflops, uye makore mashanu apfuura - 1.650 petaflops). Iyo sisitimu inovhara chinzvimbo chazvino yaive munzvimbo ye749 mumagazini yekupedzisira;
• Kupararira kwehuwandu hwemakomputa makuru munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi ndeizvi: 218 supercomputers dziri muAsia (229 - mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura), 137 muNorth America (141) uye 131 muEurope (118), 8 muSouth. America (6), 5 muOceania (5) uye 1 muAfrica (1);
• Se processor hwaro, Intel CPUs vari kutungamira - 75.6% (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura yaive 77.4%), AMD iri pachinzvimbo chechipiri ne20.2% (18.8%), uye IBM Power iri pachinzvimbo chechitatu - 1.4% (yaive 1.4 %).
• 22.2% (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura 20%) yevose vakashandiswa processors vane 24 cores, 15.8% (15%) - 64 cores, 14.2% (19.2%) - 20 cores, 8.4% (8.8%) - 16 cores, 7.6% ( 8.2% ) - 18 cores, 6% - 28 cores, 5% (5.4%) - 12 cores.
• 177 kubva pamazana mashanu masisitimu (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura - 500) zvakare anoshandisa accelerator kana coprocessors, nepo 167 masisitimu anoshandisa NVIDIA chips, 161 - AMD, 9 - Intel Xeon Phi (kubva pa2), 5 - PEZY (1), 1 - MN- Core, 1 - Matrix-1;
• Pakati pevagadziri vezvikwata, Lenovo yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga ne32% (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura 32%), Hewlett-Packard Enterprise yakatora nzvimbo yechipiri ne20.2% (19.2%), Inspur yakatora nzvimbo yechitatu ne10% (10%), ichiteverwa naAtos - 8.6% (8.4%), Sugon 6.8% (7.2%), Dell EMC 3.6% (3.4%), NVIDIA 2.8% (2.8%), NEC 2.4% (2%), Fujitsu 2% (2.6%), MEGWARE 1.2 %, Penguin Computing - 1.2% (1.2%), IBM 1.2% (1.2%), Huawei 0.4% (1.4%).
• Ethernet inoshandiswa kubatanidza nodes mu 46.6% (mwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura 45.4%) yemasumbu, InfiniBand inoshandiswa mu 38.8% (39.2%) yemasumbu, Omnipath - 7.2% (7.8%). Tichitarisa kuita kwese, InfiniBand-based system inoita 33.6% (32.4%) yeTop500's general performance, ukuwo Ethernet inotora 46.2% (45.1%).

Munguva pfupi iri kutevera, kuburitswa kwechinyorwa chitsva cheimwe chiyero che cluster system Graph 500, yakanangana nekuongorora mashandiro e supercomputer mapuratifomu ane hukama nekuenzanisa maitiro emuviri uye mabasa ekugadzirisa huwandu hukuru hwe data yakafanana neakadaro masisitimu, inotarisirwa. Iyo Green500, HPCG (High-Performance Conjugate Gradient) uye HPL-AI zviyero zvakasanganiswa neTop500 uye zvinoratidzwa muyero huru yeTop500.

Source: opennet.ru