Ese maDNA akatevedzana emhando dzehupenyu anodzidzwa nemasayendisiti anochengetwa mudura reNational Center for Biotechnology Information muUnited States. Uye muna Kubvumbi 1, chinyorwa chitsva chakaoneka mudhatabhesi: "Caulobacter ethensis-2.0." Iyi ndiyo yekutanga pasirese yakanyatso gadziridzwa yemakomputa uyezve yakaitwa synthetic genome yechinhu chipenyu, yakagadziridzwa nemasayendisiti kubva kuETH Zurich (ETH Zurich). Zvisinei, zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti kunyange zvazvo genome yeC.
Basa rekutsvaga rakaitwa naBeat Christen, purofesa wezvidzidzo zvebiology, uye mukoma wake Matthias Christen, nyanzvi yemakemikari. Iyo genome itsva, inonzi Caulobacter ethensis-2.0, yakagadzirwa nekuchenesa nekugadzirisa kodhi yechisikigo yebhakitiriya Caulobacter crescentus, bhakitiriya risingakuvadzi rinogara mumvura yakachena pasi rose.
Anopfuura makore gumi apfuura, chikwata chinotungamirirwa nenyanzvi yezvemajini Craig Venter yakagadzira utachiona hwekutanga βhwekugadziraβ. Mukati mebasa ravo, masayendisiti akagadzira kopi yeMycoplasma mycoides genome, ichibva yaiswa musero rinotakura, iro rakazoratidza kuve rakanyatsoshanda uye rakachengeta kugona kuzvibereka.
Chidzidzo chitsva chinoenderera mberi nebasa raKreiger. Kana kare masayendisiti akagadzira mufananidzo wedhijitari weDNA yechinhu chaicho uye akagadzira molecule kubva pairi, chirongwa chitsva chinoenda mberi, uchishandisa kodhi yeDNA yekutanga. Vesainzi vakaigadzirisa zvakanyanya vasati vaisanganisa uye kuyedza kushanda kwayo.
Vatsvakurudzi vakatanga nekutanga C. crescentus genome, iyo ine 4000 majini. Sezvakaita chero zvipenyu zvipenyu, mazhinji emajini aya haatakure chero ruzivo uye ari "junk DNA". Mushure mekuongorora, masayendisiti akasvika pakugumisa kuti vanenge 680 chete vavo vanodiwa kuchengetedza hupenyu hwebhakitiriya murabhoritari.
Mushure mekubvisa junk DNA uye kuwana genome shoma yeC. crescentus, boka rakaenderera mberi nebasa raro. DNA yezvisikwa zvipenyu inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwe-built-in redundancy, iyo inosanganisira kuti kuumbwa kweprotein imwe chete kunovharidzirwa nemajini akasiyana muzvikamu zvakawanda zveketani. Vatsvakurudzi vakatsiva zvinopfuura 1/6 yemavara e800 eDNA mukugadzirisa kuti vabvise kodhi yakapetwa.
"Nekuda kwealgorithm yedu, takanyorazve genome mumutsara mutsva wemabhii eDNA iyo isingachafanana neyekutanga," anodaro Beat Christen, munyori anotungamira wechidzidzo ichi. "Panguva imwecheteyo, basa rehupenyu padanho reprotein synthesis rakaramba risina kuchinja."
Kuti uedze kana cheni yaizobuda ingashanda nemazvo musero mhenyu, vaongorori vakakura rudzi rwebhakitiriya raive neakasikwa Caulobacter genome uye zvikamu zveiyo artificial genome muDNA yayo. Vesainzi vakadzima majini ega ega uye vakaedza kugona kwevamwe vavo vekugadzira kuita basa rimwechete rebhayoloji. Mhedzisiro yacho yaishamisa: ingangoita 580 kubva pamazana matanhatu nemakumi masere emajini ekugadzira akave anoshanda.
"Neruzivo rwatinowana, tichakwanisa kuvandudza algorithm yedu uye kugadzira vhezheni itsva yegenome 3.0," anodaro Kristen. "Tinotenda kuti munguva pfupi iri kutevera tichagadzira masero ebhakitiriya mapenyu ane genome yakanyatsogadzirwa."
Padanho rekutanga, zvidzidzo zvakadaro zvichabatsira geneticists kutarisa chokwadi cheruzivo rwavo mumunda wekunzwisisa DNA uye basa remajini ega mairi, sezvo chero kukanganisa mukuumbwa kweketani kunotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti chipenyu chine new genome ichafa kana kutadza. Mune ramangwana, ivo vanozotungamira mukubuda kwesynthetic microorganisms iyo inozosikirwa mabasa akafanotemerwa. Mavhairasi ekugadzira achakwanisa kurwisa hama dzavo dzechisikigo, uye mabhakitiriya akakosha anoburitsa mavhitamini kana mishonga.
Chidzidzo ichi chakaburitswa mupepanhau PNAS.
Source: 3dnews.ru