Putugaro. Mahombekombe akanakisa uye chiuru chekutanga pagore

Mhoroi munhu wese

Izvi ndizvo zvinoita nzvimbo yeWebSummit:

Parque das Nações

Uye izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvandakatanga kuona Portugal pandakasvika pano muna 2014. Uye zvino ndakasarudza kugoverana newe izvo zvandakaona uye zvandakadzidza pamusoro pemakore 5 apfuura, uyewo izvo zvinoshamisa pamusoro penyika kune unyanzvi hweIT.

Kune avo vanozvida nekukurumidza, subjectively:Pros:

• Mamiriro okunze
• Vanhu uye mafungiro avo kwauri semutorwa
• chikafu
• Makambani eIT kune ese kuravira uye ruvara
• Beaches
• Vanhu vazhinji vane njere vanotaura Chirungu
• Hazvina kuoma kuwana magwaro
• Chengetedzo
• 5 makore uye une chizvarwa
• Mushonga uye mutengo wayo (unoenderana neEurope neUSA)
• Iwe unogona kuvhura kambani muhafu yeawa uye usabhadhara mutero wegore rekutanga

Cons:

• Mihoro yakaderera
• Zvese zvinononoka (kugamuchira magwaro, kubatana neInternet...)
• Makambani eIT haasati aziva maitiro ekushanda nevanoenda kune dzimwe nyika (havazive magadzirirwo emagwaro, nezvimwewo)
• Mitero yakakwira (VAT - 23%. Nemari inosvika zviuru makumi matatu pagore - 30% ichaenda kuhurumende, mota dziri 34.6-30% inodhura kupfuura muRussia)
• Huwandu hwevanhu hunochengetedza. Zvakaoma kusimudzira chimwe chinhu chitsva, asi chiri kuchinja
• Bureaucracy inotyisa, asi zviri kuchinja
• Zvichanyanya kuomera mukadzi wako, musikana, kana murume wako kuwana basa risiri muIT, nekuti musika webasa hauna kunyanyo siyana.
• Mitengo yezvivakwa yakakwira mudenga, kusanganisira mitengo yekurojesa.
• Kunyanya kushivirira huwandu (zvimwe pane izvi gare gare)

Ngatitange ne...

Ndakasarudza kusanyora zvakanakira nezvayakaipira mushanduro yakawedzerwa. Izvi zvese zvine musoro, saka munhu wese anofanira kuzvisarudzira.

Ndakauya kuPortugal nevhiza rekudzidza kuYunivhesiti yeAlgarve (Universidade de Algarve).
Algarve idunhu riri kumaodzanyemba kwePortugal uko kune vashanyi vazhinji, mahombekombe, mahotera, nezvimwe.
Iyo yunivhesiti pachayo yakanaka chaizvo uye iri munzvimbo inoyevedza uye inoita seizvi:

Mutengo wekudzidziswa muinjiniya yeinformatics waive ungangoita 1500 euros pagore, izvo zvisiri chinhu neEuropean standard. Hunhu hwekudzidziswa chaizvo munzvimbo ino uye panguva iyoyo hunobva pa "zvakanaka kwazvo" kusvika "saizvozvo." Zvakanga zvakanaka kwazvo, nekuti vamwe vevaporofesa vaive vashandi vemazuva ano vemakambani vaiziva zvinhu zvemazuva ano, uyezve vainakidza, vane moyo uye vaipa maitiro akawanda. Saka-saka, nekuti havasi vese mapurofesa akataura Chirungu (muzvidzidzo zve2 kudzidziswa kwaive muchimiro: tora hurukuro muChirungu, verenga uye pakupera kwegore pachava nebvunzo) uye sangano rekudzidziswa kwevatorwa vakasiya zvakawanda. kudiwa (munhu aitarisira kosi yedu aingonzi ane mhosva, asi kutaura zvazviri, zvainge zvakaoma kuita chero chinhu kubva kwaari). Visa yekudzidza inokupa mukana wekushanda kana iwe uchiiwedzera nemvumo yebasa, chinhu chikuru ndechekuti basa harikanganisi zvidzidzo zvako. Zvidzidzo zvatenzi kazhinji manheru, uye mukati memwedzi mishomanana ndakawana basa mukambani diki inoisa terevhizheni neinternet zvemahotera nedzimba dzakasarudzika. Kuwana magwaro kwakanga kusiri nyore, asi kana mushandirwi akaita chikamu chake, saka zvose zvinofanira kuenda pasina zviitiko zvakakosha. Kune makambani akati wandei muAlgarve ari kuita budiriro, asi mihoro yakaderera, ingangoita 900-1000 euros net yepakati Java. Ndakagara kwerinenge gore muFaro, guta riri muAlgarve. Kune mahombekombe akanaka kwazvo, maguta anotonhorera, michindwe, nzvimbo yekutandarira, vanhu vakanaka uye vane hushamwari. Dambudziko chete nderekuti munguva yechando hupenyu hunosvika pakumira uye hapana chekuita, hapana zvachose. Zvese zvakavharwa kana kuvhara na6 pm. Kunze kwenzvimbo imwe chete yezvitoro. Kutakura kunoitwa maawa matatu ega ega pakupera kwevhiki. Kazhinji, munguva yechando iwe unogona kupenga ikoko pasina chekuita, kunyanya kana iwe usina motokari yekuenda kune imwe nzvimbo. Mushure megore ndakaneta nazvo zvese izvi. Panguva iyoyo, ndakanga ndapedza kosi yangu yepurogiramu yeJava uye ndakatanga kutsvaka basa muLisbon.

Lisbon

Kutsvaga kwakatora nguva, ingangoita mwedzi miviri kana mitatu. Chaizvoizvo, muhoro kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanga asina kukodzera, kana kuti vakanga vasingadi kuhaya pasina chiPutukezi. Somugumisiro, ndakawana basa somudzidzi pabhangi hombe rine hofisi yebudiriro muPortugal. Taifanira kutsvaka pokugara. Izvi zvakashata zvakanyanya muLisbon.

Muchidimbu nezvedambudziko redzimba muLisbonPane imwe nzvimbo yakadzika yehurumende yePutukezi, misoro yakachenjera yakauya nepfungwa yokuti zvingava zvakanaka kuita mari kubva kune vashanyi, sezvo vane mari yakawanda, uye tine chimwe chinhu chekutengesa. Saka Portugal yakatanga kushambadzwa muEurope yese senzvimbo yekutandarira kune chero bhajeti. Uye ichokwadi, nzvimbo dzekutandarira pano dzinonyatsoenderana nekuravira kwese uye bhajeti. Vashanyi vakatanga kuuya nenhamba huru, zvinoreva kuti pane imwe nzvimbo inoda kupiwa pekugara. Sezvo nzvimbo ishoma muLisbon, hapana nzvimbo yakawanda yemahotera sezvatinoda. Pano, kutaura zvazviri, ndipo pakati peguta guru rePortugal:

Sezvauri kuona, hazvina kuita sekunge kuchave nebudiriro yakawanda pano nekuvakwa kwemahotera.
Mhinduro yakawanikwa seizvi: kana iwe uri mupfumi wekuChina, wekuBrazil, kana chero munhu ane mari, unogona kuuya kuPortugal, kutenga imba yakasakara-chivako chepakati pakati pemaeuro inopfuura hafu yemiriyoni uye wowana Golden Visa, iyo. zvakaita semugari wenyika, asi haugone kuvhota. Vese vakomana ava vakatanga kutenga zvivakwa pakati peLisbon, kudzorera nekugadzira mahostela, mini-hotera kana dzimba dzevashanyi. Huwandu hukuru hwevanhu vaiuya kuPortugal vaida kutenga zvivakwa zvakadaro vakanzwisisa kuti vaigona kuita mari kubva mudzimba, kunyangwe ivo vasiri pakati chaipo. Uye zvakare, mushure mekupora kubva mudambudziko ra2008, boka revanhu vekuEurope, vaona kuti kukwira kwemutengo wezvivakwa nemukana wekuirenda chinhu chakanakisa, vakatanga kuuya kuPortugal ndokutenga dzimba dziri padyo nevashanyi. nzvimbo. Zvose izvi zvinokurumidza kudiwa kwezvivako, uyewo kuti makambani akawanda ekuvaka akaparara panguva yedambudziko pasina kuvaka chero chinhu, zvakatungamirira kune vacuum mumusika wekutengesa uye mitengo yakakwirira kudarika munyika dzakabudirira dzeEurope. Uye saka, imba yakarendwa makore matatu apfuura ne3 euros pamwedzi ichakubhadharira angangoita 600 euros uye izvi hazvizove izvo zvauri kutarisira kuwana pamari iyi. Tisingatauri nezvekutenga, apo kune yakagumburwa imba yemakamuri maviri (mumaonero edu, imba yemakamuri matatu) munzvimbo yakanaka vari kukumbira 950 zviuru zveeuro. Hurumende haisi kutsigira izvi, nekuti ivo vakazviwana izvi, saka mitengo haigone kudzika. Vanhu vane muhoro wepakati muLisbon we300 mushure memitero havasi kufara, asi vanoshivirira uye vanogara mumasabhubhu.
Kazhinji, makore matatu apfuura, mushure mekutarisa pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa uye kugara kwekutanga muimba, ipapo munzvimbo yakaipa nevose varindiri vanofara muchimiro chemapurisa pasi pemahwindo, dzimwe nguva ambulensi, nezvimwewo, ndakazowana imba. padyo nepakati, kwete kure nemetro uye munzvimbo yakanaka. Asi ndakaita rombo rakanaka.

Lisbon pachayo iguta rinopokana. Kune rumwe rutivi, guta rakanaka kwazvo, rakanyarara, rakasununguka kugara uye rakachengeteka. Kune rumwe rutivi, inenge yakasviba, ine graffiti pamadziro, vazhinji vevakabva kune dzimwe nyika uye vanhu vasina pokugara, vamwe vavo vasiri ivo vakanaka.

Zvino, chaizvo, nezve IT

IT muPortugal iri kukura nekusvetuka-svetuka. Ndiko kuti, zvingangoita chiuru zvitsva zvekutanga pagore, mamwe acho ari kunyatsobudirira muPortugal nepasirese. Zvakare, gore rega rega makambani makuru anouya kuPortugal, saSiemens, Nokia (ndiani asingazivi, Nokia haisi chete uye kwete yakawanda Chinese nharembozha, asi telecommunications, 5G, etc.), Ericsson, KPMG, Accenture, nezvimwewo. zvichingoenda zvakadaro. Iye zvino vari kutaura nezveAmazon neGoogle, asi hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti riini. Imwe neimwe kambani yakadai inohaya yakawanda kamwechete inopihwa zvakanaka mutero zvaunofarira kwemakore mashanu, uyezve chero chaunobvumirana. Local IT nyanzvi dzine dzidzo yakanaka (muPortugal, dzidzo inowanzova yakanaka. Nenzira, munhu wose anoziva kuti Gary Potter akakopwa kubva kuvadzidzi vechiPutukezi veCoimbra?). Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vatambi vadiki, seMercedes, BMW, nezvimwewo, vatanga kugadzira yavo hubs yekusimudzira pano. Kazhinji, kune kambani mune chero munda waungade.

Asi hype yese iyi ndeye chikonzero. Pasinei nedzidzo yakanaka, maPutukezi haakurumidzi kukumbira mihoro mikuru, saka mabasa epakati ane muhoro we1200 euros muLisbon akajairika.
Pamusoro pemitero nemihoro.
Zvakare, mitero yakakwira zvakanyanya muPortugal; nemari inosvika zviuru makumi matatu pagore, 30% ichaenda kuhurumende. Sezvo huwandu hunowedzera, mutero wemutero uchawedzera zvinonyadzisa. Izvo zvichawedzera kwete iwe chete, asiwo kune mushandirwi, anobhadhara inshuwarisi yemagariro uye mimwe mitero kune umwe neumwe mushandi. Uyezve, zvichave zvakatonyanya kunyadzisa kuwedzera. Asi kune vanyori vemaakaunti kwete muRussia chete, saka kune mutero wekupfuura chirongwa pano zvakare. Ikozvino kune makambani ekubvunza mazano e34.6 muLisbon. Muchokwadi, iyi haisi kana kambani yekubvunza, inzvimbo yakadaro pakati pako nekambani yaunoshandira. Kambani huru haizobiridzira nemitero, nokuti zvakaoma kune kambani huru, asi "gasket" duku inogamuchirwa. Zvinoita seizvi: unoenda kubvunzurudzo nekambani X, iyo inozokuudza kuti iwe uchave nekondirakiti nekambani Y, iyo inozogamuchira mari kwauri kubva kukambani X sekupa sevhisi. Uye iwe unobhadharwa yakaderera base mari pamwe nemabhonasi, muripo we "kufamba", nezvimwe. Zvose izvi zvinobvumira munhu wose kuti arambe achifara uye asingabhadhare mutero wakakwirira, kunze kwevanhuwo zvavo, avo vane penjeni uye muripo wekushaya basa unobhadharwa kubva pamari yakafanana. Asi ndiani ane hanya? Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti pano uye zvino unowana mari yakawanda, uye vanobhadhara mitero shoma, saka munhu wose anofara.

Vanobhadhara marii chaizvo?

Mubvunzo wakaoma, asi aya ndiwo mazinga akaenzana. 1-2 makore echiitiko uye ruzivo rwakanaka muJava ndeye 1200 euros net (iwe unowana 14 nguva pagore), 2-4 makore echiitiko 1300-1700 euros net (zvakare 14 nguva pagore), 4 kana anopfuura makore echiitiko 1700 - 2500 euros. Handisati ndaona mumwe munhu. Pane imwe nguva, vanhu vanova mamaneja mukati mekambani kana kumwewo ...

Zvakadini nevaya vakauya vakawanda?

Kazhinji, kana iwe uchida kuunza mutorwa, vanounza maBrazilians kana EU vagari, avo vari nyore kubatsira nemagwaro ... Asi vamwe vose vanofanira kupfuura nepakati pe 3 denderedzwa regehena rekutonga kwehurongwa hwemunharaunda, iyo makambani asingadi kuita. gadzirisana ne. Makambani emuno haana kunaka pakushanda nevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika, asi ari kuita zviri nani uye ari kukoka vanhu vanobva kunyika dzechitatu kuti vashandewo. Sekumwe kunhu, mushandirwi anofanirwa kuratidza kuti haugone kudzoserwa, tora zvinyorwa zvako, izvo zvinononoka, nezvimwewo, saka ivo vangangove vasinganetse nevanhu vasina ruzivo.
Uyewo, dambudziko rinogona kumuka mumhuri yako, kana iripo. Dambudziko nebasa. Kana yako yakakosha ichibva kune rimwe basa risiri IT kana sevhisi sevhisi, saka kuwana basa kunonetsa. Kazhinji, pane dambudziko nekusiyana-siyana pano. 20% yezvinzvimbo iIT, mamaneja uye HR yeIT. 60% inzvimbo yekushanya, macafe, maresitorendi, mahotera uye ndizvo zvese. Vamwe vese vacancy imwe chete yeakaunti, mainjiniya, economists, vezvemari, vadzidzisi, nezvimwe.

senga

Kutakura muPortugal zvese kurwadziwa uye mufaro. Kune rimwe divi, unogona kusvika kwaunoda kuenda. Kunyangwe mahombekombe ari kure nenzvimbo dzevashanyi dzinoshandirwa nezvifambiso zvevoruzhinji. Masabhubhu eLisbon anoshandirwa nemabhazi, zvitima, zvitima zvemagetsi uye kutakura kwenzizi. Zvose izvi mangwanani, semugumisiro wematambudziko akataurwa neimba, hongu, yakazara. Uye anonoka. Hapasisina anotyira kunonoka kubasa, uye chikonzero chinowanzozivikanwa ndechekugara mumotokari pabhiriji, kumirira bhazi kwenguva refu, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana iwe uchida kutyaira motokari yako muguta, unofanira kufunga katatu pamusoro pekusiya motokari yako. Iko hakuna nzvimbo dzemotokari uye mitengo yakakwira (inosvika makumi maviri euros pazuva, zvichienderana nenzvimbo). Kupaka munzvimbo dzekupaka dzekambani kunowanzo vhiringwa pakati pevashandi. Mamaneja anogashira otomatiki.

Medicine muPortugal

Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kutaurwa pano, asi chinhu chikuru ndeichi: yehurumende - inononoka uye yakasununguka. Mitsetse yekuona vanachiremba inotora mavhiki, uye kuvhiyiwa kwakatonyanya kuipa. Yakavanzika - nekukurumidza uye isingadhure zvakanyanya kana ine inishuwarenzi. Mu99% yezviitiko, kambani inokupa inishuwarenzi. mu60% yezviitiko zvinozoita mhuri yako zvakare. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, unogona kuzvitengera iwe uye/kana mhuri yako kubva kukambani yeinishuwarenzi iyo kambani yaunoshandira inoshandira pamwe nayo. (20-30 euros pamwedzi kana iine affiliate, 30-60 kana paine chero imwe). Mitengo iyi inosanganisira kurapwa kwemazino. Kazhinji, kubvunzana neinishuwarenzi mukiriniki yakazvimirira kunodhura 15-20 euros. Kuongorora ropa uye zvakafanana - 3-5-10 euros.

Hupenyu huzhinji

MaPutukezi anobata zvakajairika expats zvakanaka. Ndiko kuti, kana iwe usina utsinye, usakanda marara uye usanwa pasi pemahwindo, ipapo ivo vachakubatsira, vanokupa mazano pamusoro pezvaunofanira kuita, nezvimwewo. MaPutukezi anogona kunonoka. Kubatanidza kuInternet kunotora vhiki kana maviri. Zviri nyore kumira mumutsara muchitoro kwehafu yeawa mumwe munhu achikurukura nezvekuzvarwa kwemuzukuru wavo nemuchengeti. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, masevhisi mazhinji ari online, ayo anobvumidza iwe kuita zvinhu zvakawanda zviri nyore uye nekukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, unogona kudhirowa zvibvumirano zvekushandisa, kufaira mutero wemari, kutora inishuwarenzi, kunyoresa kambani yako, nezvimwe. Vazhinjisa vanotaura Chirungu chakanaka. Mafirimu haana kudzokororwa, menyu ari muChirungu, nezvimwe. Mamiriro ekunze akanaka, iwe uchaona mvura uye grey matenga 20-30 mazuva pagore. Anenge ose emazuva aya anonangidzirwa mumwedzi waApril. Dzimba zhinji nedzimba hadzina kudziyisa. Husiku tembiricha muguta guru inogona kudonha kusvika +6. Naizvozvo, heater uye gumbeze rinodziya rechando chinhu chinodiwa. Masikati muchando tembiricha inotangira pa14 kusvika ku18 degrees. Sunny. Muzhizha inogona kutonhorera uye yakanaka (+25) kana kupisa zvishoma (+44). Kashoma kupisa, mazuva 5-6 munguva yezhizha. Mahombekombe hafu yeawa kutyaira kubva kuLisbon. Yakapamhamha uye isina kunyanya kuwanda kunyangwe pakupera kwevhiki.

Kana iwe uchida kudzidza chiPutukezi, kuwana makosi ehurumende harisi dambudziko, kwaunodzidziswa kutaura zvine musoro uye kunzwisisa zvinenge zvese izvo interlocutor inotaura nemutengo wakaderera kana mahara.

Patova nengano pamusoro pehutungamiri hwenzvimbo uye mitsetse. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kunyorera pekugara, saka unofanirwa kunyoresa kuendesa magwaro mwedzi mitanhatu pamberi. Kana iwe uchida kushandura kodzero dzako, uchafanirwa kumirira mumutsara kwemaawa angangoita 5-6 mangwanani:

Zvakare, Portugal ine yakagadziridzwa banking system. Mabhangi ese akasungwa pamwe chete netambo, saka ikozvino unogona kutumira mari kubva kunharembozha yako kuenda kuaccount yemumwe munhu mu2 kudzvanya mahara, unogona kutora mari kubva kuATM yechero bhangi pasina komisheni, uye zvakare kubhadhara masevhisi uye kutenga. kubva parunhare mbozha kana neATM.

Iwe unogona kuvhura yako kambani uye usabhadhara mutero wegore rekutanga. Kana iwe uchida kugadzira yekutanga, ivo vanozokubatsira iwe pamatanho ese. Kutanga kubva pakuvhura kambani uye kupera nekutsvaga mari, ivo vanokupa nzvimbo mune incubator, nezvimwe.

Nenzira, kana iwe uchigara zviri pamutemo munyika kwemakore mashanu, pasina kukanganisa, unogona kunyorera kuti uve mugari. Iwe unozofanirwa kuratidza kuti hauna kubva kwenguva yakareba uye ukapasa bvunzo dzemutauro wechiPutukezi.

Uye mimwe mitsetse yakati wandei nezvechiPutukezi. Chii chinoita kuti vashivirire zvakanyanya uye vane hushamwari zvimwe zvinoita kuti vashivirire marudzi ese evanhu vasina pekugara, nezvimwe. Zvakajairika apo, pakati peimwe yenzvimbo huru, vazvipiri vanogovera zvokudya kune vasina pokugara. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanhu vasina pekugara havaendi kure nekudya, saka iyi ndiyo mamiriro akajairwa kuLisbon kana pamusuwo wekambani yemabhirioni pane munhu asina pekugara akarara nepahwindo. Hurumende yakatodzika mutemo unorambidza zvitoro zvikuru kurasa chikafu. Iye zvino chikafu chese chinofanira kuendeswa kumabhangi echikafu, kubva kwaanogoverwa kune vasina pekugara uye vane mari shoma.

Kazhinji, Portugal neLisbon kunyanya inzvimbo dzakanakira kugara. Iwe hauzombofi wakafinhwa muLisbon, nekuti pane nguva dzose chimwe chinhu chiri kuitika pano, uye pakupera kwevhiki pane nguva dzose nzvimbo yekuenda kana kuenda. Mamiriro ekunze akanaka kwazvo; hakuwanzotonhora kana kupisa zvakanyanya. Iwe uri muSchengen, saka mazhinji eEU akavhurika kwauri. Kubva pane zvakatipoteredza maonero, zvinhu zvose zvakanaka chaizvo pano. Kunewo zvisingabatsiri - mihoro nemitero. Asi ndiwo marongerwo aunoita zvinhu.

Source: www.habr.com