Yave nguva yekutaura nezvemidziyo yakagadzirirwa kudzora mabhureki. Midziyo iyi inodaidzwa kuti "mapombi," kunyangwe nzira refu yekushanduka-shanduka yakavatora kure nemapombi mupfungwa yemazuva ese, ichivashandura kuita midziyo yakaoma yepneumatic automation.

Iyo yakanaka yekare spool valve 394 ichiri kushandiswa pakukungurutsa stock

1. Makoni eOperator - sumo pfupi

Nedudziro

Mutyairi wechitima vharafu - mudziyo (kana seti yezvishandiso) yakagadzirirwa kudzora ukuru uye chiyero chekuchinja mukumanikidza mumutsara wechitima mabhureki.

Makoni echitima emutyairi ari kushandiswa parizvino anogona kupatsanurwa kuita akananga kudzora midziyo uye kuremote control cranes.

Midziyo yekudzora yakananga makirasi eiyo genre, akaiswa pahuwandu hwema locomotives, akawanda mayuniti zvitima, pamwe neakakosha-chinangwa rolling stock (yakasiyana-siyana mugwagwa mota, njanji, nezvimwewo) Nhamba 394 uye conv. Nhamba 395. Yokutanga yadzo, inoratidzwa paKDPV, inoiswa pamitoro yekutakura, yechipiri - pazvitima zvinotakura vanhu.

Mupfungwa yepneumatic, aya cranes haana kusiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe zvachose. Ndiko kuti, zvakafanana zvachose. Ivharuvhu ye395 pachikamu chepamusoro ine, yakakandwa pamwe chete nayo, mukuru ane maburi maviri ane shinda, uko "can" ye electro-pneumatic brake controller inoiswa.

Operator's 395th crane munzvimbo yayo yechisikigo


Midziyo iyi inowanzopendirwa tsvuku tsvuku, izvo zvinoratidza kukosha kwazvo uye kutariswa kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kupihwa kwavari nevese vashandi velocomotive uye nehunyanzvi hwevashandi vanoshanda nelocomotive. Chimwe chiyeuchidzo chekuti mabhureki echitima ndizvo zvese.

Iyo pombi yekugovera (PM) uye brake line (TM) yakabatana zvakananga kune aya maturusi uye, nekushandura mubato, kuyerera kwemhepo kunodzorwa zvakananga.

Mune ma crane anodzorwa ari kure, haisi iyo crane pachayo inoisirwa pane mutyairi console, asi iyo inonzi controller controller, iyo inotumira mirairo kuburikidza nedhijitari interface kune yakaparadzana yemagetsi pneumatic panel, iyo yakaiswa mukamuri yeinjini. iyo locomotive. Domestic rolling stock inoshandisa mutyairi ane moyo murefu crane. Nhamba 130, iyo yave ichigadzira nzira yayo pairi rolling stock kwenguva yakati rebei.

Crane controller mamiriro. Nhamba 130 pane control panel ye electric locomotive EP20 (kurudyi, padivi pe pressure gauge panel)


Pneumatic panel mukamuri yeinjini yemagetsi locomotive EP20


Sei zvakaitwa nenzira iyi? Kuti, pamusoro pekutonga kwemabhureki, pane mukana wakajairwa wekutonga otomatiki, semuenzaniso kubva kune otomatiki dhiraivha yechitima. Pama locomotives ane 394/395 crane, izvi zvaida kuiswa kwechinhu chakakosha pa crane. Sezvakarongwa, iyo 130th crane inosanganisirwa mune yechitima control system kuburikidza neCAN bhazi, iro rinoshandiswa pane epamba rolling stock.

Sei ndakati mudziyo uyu moyo murefu? Nemhaka yokuti ndakanga ndiri chapupu chakananga pakuonekwa kwayo kwokutanga pa<em>rolling stock. Midziyo yakadaro yakaiswa panhamba dzekutanga dzemagetsi emagetsi eRussia: 2ES5K-001 Ermak, 2ES4K-001 Donchak uye EP2K-001.

Muna 2007, ndakatora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwezvitupa kwe2ES4K-001 locomotive yemagetsi. Iyo 130th crane yakaiswa pamushini uyu. Nekudaro, kunyangwe ipapo pakanga paine kutaura nezve yakaderera kuvimbika; uyezve, ichi chishamiso chetekinoroji chaigona kuburitsa mabhureki. Naizvozvo, vakakurumidza kuisiya uye "Ermaki", "Donchak" uye EP2K vakapinda mukugadzira ne394 uye 395 cranes. Kufambira mberi kwakanonoka kusvika mudziyo mutsva wapedzwa. Iyi crane yakadzokera kuNovocherkassk locomotives chete nekutanga kwekugadzirwa kweEP20 yemagetsi locomotive muna 2011. Asi "Ermaki", "Donchak" uye EP2K havana kugamuchira shanduro itsva yecrane iyi. EP2K-001, nenzira, ine 130th crane, yave kuora panzvimbo yekuchengetedza, sezvandakadzidza kubva muvhidhiyo yeimwe yakasiiwa njanji fan.

Zvisinei, vashandi vezvitima havana chivimbo chakazara muhurongwa hwakadaro, saka zvitima zvose zvine valve 130 zvinewo mavharuvhu ekudzivirira, izvo zvinobvumira, nenzira yakapfava, kudzora zvakananga kudzvinyirirwa mumutsara wemabhureki.

Backup brake control valve mune EP20 kabhini


Yechipiri yekudzora mudziyo inoiswawo pane locomotives - yekubatsira brake valve (KVT), yakagadzirirwa kudzora mabhureki echitima, zvisinei nemabhureki echitima. Heinoi, kuruboshwe kwekireni yechitima

Wedzero brake valve mamiriro. Nhamba 254


Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza yekirasi yekubatsira brake valve, mamiriro. Nhamba 254. Ichiri kuiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda, pazvitima zvinotakura vanhu uye zvinotakura zvinhu. Kusiyana nemabhureki engoro, masilinda emabhureki ari palocomotive hazviiti hazvina kuzadzwa zvakananga kubva mutangi rekuchengetedza. Kunyangwe ese ari maviri akasara tangi uye anogovera mweya akaiswa pane locomotive. Kazhinji, dunhu remabhureki relocomotive rakanyanya kuomarara, nekuda kwekuti kune akawanda mabhureki masilinda pane locomotive. Vhoriyamu yavo yese yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura 8 litres, saka hazvizogone kuazadza kubva kune yakasarudzika tangi kusvika kune kumanikidza kwe 0,4 MPa - zvakakosha kuti uwedzere vhoriyamu ye spare tank, uye izvi zvichawedzera nguva yekuchaja kana ichienzaniswa. kumotokari-yakaiswa midziyo yekuzadza.

Pane imwe locomotive, maTC anozadzwa kubva mudura guru, kungave kuburikidza neanobatsira mabhureki valve, kana kuburikidza nekumanikidza switch, iyo inoshandiswa nemhepo inoparadzira inofambiswa nevhavha yechitima chemutyairi.

Crane 254 ine peculiarity iyo pachayo inogona kushanda sedhindindi yekumanikidza, ichibvumira kuburitswa (mumatanho!) emabhureki elocomotive kana chitima chabhureki. Ichi chirongwa chinodaidzwa kuti dunhu rekuchinja paKVT seinodzokorora uye rinoshandiswa pazvitima zvekutakura zvinhu.

Iyo yekubatsira brake valve inoshandiswa panguva yekuvharira mafambiro eiyo locomotive, pamwe nekuchengetedza chitima mushure mekumira uye panguva yekupaka. Pakarepo chitima chamira, vharuvhu iyi inoiswa panzvimbo yekupedzisira yekubhureki, uye mabhureki pachitima anoburitswa. Locomotive mabhureki anokwanisa kubata zvese locomotive nechitima pamateru akakomba.

Pazvitima zvemazuva ano zvemagetsi, zvakaita seEP20, mamwe maKVT akaiswa, semuenzaniso conv. Nhamba 224

Wedzero brake valve mamiriro. Nhamba 224 (kurudyi pane imwe panhi)

2. Magadzirirwo uye nheyo yekushanda kwemutyairi crane cond. Nhamba 394/395

Saka, hero yedu ndeyekare, inopupurirwa nenguva uye mamiriyoni emakiromita ekufamba, crane 394 (uye 395, asi yakafanana, saka ini ndichataura pamusoro peimwe yezvigadzirwa, ndichifunga nezvechipiri). Sei izvi uye kwete zvemazuva ano 130? Chekutanga, iyo 394 faucet yakajairika nhasi. Uye chechipiri, iyo 130th crane, kana kuti pane yayo pneumatic panel, yakafanana nemusimboti kune yekare 394.

Driver's crane cond. Nhamba 394: 1 - chigadziko chevhavha yekupedza shank; 2 - muviri wepasi; 3 - kuvhara collar; 4 - chitubu; 5 - kupera kwevhavha; 6 - bushing ne exhaust valve seat; 7 - kuenzanisa piston; 8 - kuvhara rubber cuff; 9 - mhete yendarira inosimbisa; 10 - muviri wechikamu chepakati; 11 - muviri wechikamu chepamusoro; 12 - spool; 13 - kutonga mubato; 14 - chivharo chekubata; 15 - nzungu; 16 - clamping screw; 17 - tsvimbo; 18 - spool spring; 19 - pressure washer; 20 - kusungirirwa zvidzitiro; 21 - pini yekuvhara; 22 - sefa; 23 - chitubu chevhavha; 24 - kugovera valve; 25 - bushing nechigaro chevhavha yekugovera; 26 - gearbox diaphragm; 30 - gearbox kugadzirisa chitubu; 31 - gearbox kugadzirisa mukombe


Unozvifarira sei? Serious mudziyo. Ichi chishandiso chine chepamusoro (spool) chikamu, chepakati (yepakati) chikamu, yakaderera (equalizer) chikamu, stabilizer uye gearbox. Iyo gearbox inoratidzwa pazasi kurudyi mumufananidzo, ini ndicharatidza stabilizer zvakasiyana

Mutyairi crane stabilizer mamiriro. Nhamba 394: 1 - plug; 2 - throttle valve spring; 3 - throttle valve; 4 - chigaro chevhavhavha; 5 - gomba calibrated ane dhayamita 0,45 mm; 6 - diaphragm; 7 - stabilizer muviri; 8 - kusimbisa; 10 - kugadzirisa chitubu; 11 - kugadzirisa girazi.

Nzira yekushanda yepombi inogadziriswa nekushandura mubato, iyo inotenderera spool, iyo yakasimba pasi (uye yakanyatsogadziriswa!) Pane zvinomwe zvinopihwa, zvinowanzosarudzwa nenhamba dzeRoma

• Ini - zororo uye kurovedza muviri
• II - chitima
• III - kupindirana pasina kupa kudonha mumutsara wemabhureki
• IV - kupindirana nekupihwa kwekuvuza kubva pamutsetse webhureki
• Va - kunonoka braking
• V - braking padanho rebasa
• VI - emergency braking

Mukudhonza, kumahombekombe uye kupaka modhi, kana pasina chikonzero chekumisa mabhureki echitima, iyo crane mubato inoiswa kune yechipiri chinzvimbo. chitima chinzvimbo.

Iyo spool uye spool girazi ine chiteshi uye maburi akarongedzerwa ayo, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yechibatiso, mhepo inoyerera ichibva kune imwe chikamu chechishandiso ichienda kune imwe. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita spool negirazi rayo

Mukuwedzera, crane yemutyairi 394 yakabatana kune inonzi tangi yekugezera (UR) ine huwandu hwemarita makumi maviri. Iri reservoir idhiza regulator mumutsara wemabhureki (TM). Kudzvanywa kunoiswa mutangi rekuenzanisa kuchachengetwa nechikamu chekuenzanisa chepombi yemutyairi uye mumutsara webhureki (kunze kwezvinzvimbo I, III uye VI zvemubato).

Madzvinyiriro ari muequalization reservoir uye brake line anoratidzwa pane control pressure gauges akaiswa pane chiridzwa panel, kazhinji padyo nevharuvhu yemutyairi. A maviri-pointer pressure gauge inowanzoshandiswa, semuenzaniso iyi

Museve mutsvuku unoratidza kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki, museve mutema unoratidza kudzvanywa mutangi rekuvhiya


Saka, kana crane iri munzvimbo yechitima, iyo inonzi kuchaja pressure. Kune akawanda mayuniti anotenderedza stock uye zvitima zvevafambi zvine locomotive traction, kukosha kwayo kunowanzo 0,48 - 0,50 MPa, kune zvitima zvekutakura 0,50 - 0,52 MPa. Asi kazhinji kazhinji ndeye 0,50 MPa, kushandiswa kwakafanana kunoshandiswa paSapsan uye Lastochka.

Midziyo inochengetedza kudzvanywa kwechaji muUR ndiyo inoderedza uye crane stabilizer, inoshanda yakazvimirira yega yega. Chii chinoita stabilizer? Iyo inoramba ichiburitsa mweya kubva kuequalization tank kuburikidza negomba rakagadziriswa rine dhayamita ye0,45 mm mumuviri wayo. Nguva dzose, pasina kukanganisa maitiro aya kwechinguva. Kusunungurwa kwemhepo kuburikidza ne stabilizer kunoitika pamwero wakasimba unoramba uripo, unochengetwa nevhavhavhavha yemukati mukati me stabilizer - iyo yakaderera kudzvinyirirwa mutangi yekuenzanisa, iyo inowedzera throttle valve inovhura zvishoma. Iyi chiyero yakadzikira zvakanyanya pane sevhisi braking rate, uye inogona kugadziriswa nekushandura kapu yekugadzirisa pane yakagadzikana muviri. Izvi zvinoitirwa kubvisa mu surge tank supercharger (ndiko kuti, kudarika kuchaja) pressure.

Kana mhepo kubva kuequalization tangi ichigara ichibuda kuburikidza ne stabilizer, zvino nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare zvose zvichabva? Ndaienda, asi gearbox yaisandibvumira. Kana dzvinyiriro iri muUR inodonha pazasi peyero yekuchaja, vharafu yekudyisa mureducer inovhura, ichibatanidza tangi yekuenzana netambo yekugovera, ichizadza mhepo. Nokudaro, mune tangi yekuenzanisa, munzvimbo yechipiri yevhavha yekubata, kumanikidzwa kwe 0,5 MPa kunogara kuchichengetwa.

Iyi nzira inonyatso kuratidzwa nemufananidzo uyu

Chiito chemutyairi crane mu II (chitima) chinzvimbo: GR - main tank; TM - brake line; UR - tangi yekuwedzera; At-atmosphere


Zvakadini netambo yebhureki? Kumanikidza kuri mairi kunochengetedzwa kuenzana nekumanikidza mutangi yakaenzana uchishandisa iyo yakaenzana chikamu chevhavha, iyo ine yakaenzana piston (pakati peiyo dhayagiramu), yekugovera uye yekubuda vharafu, inofambiswa nepiston. Iyo mhango iri pamusoro pepiston inotaurirana netangi yekuvhiya (yero nzvimbo) uye pazasi pepiston ine brake line (nzvimbo tsvuku). Kana dzvinyiriro muUR ichiwedzera, piston inofamba ichidzika, ichibatanidza mutsara webhureki nemutsara wekugovera, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekumanikidza mairi kusvikira kudzvinyirira mu TM uye kudzvinyirira muUR kwakaenzana.

Kana kudzvinyirirwa mumudziyo wekuenzanisa kunoderera, piston inofamba ichikwira kumusoro, ichizarura vheji yemhepo, iyo mhepo inobva mumutsara webhureki inopukunyuka ichipinda mumhepo, kusvikira, zvakare, apo kudzvinyirirwa kwepamusoro uye pasi pepiston kwakaenzana.

Saka, munzvimbo yechitima, kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki kunochengetwa zvakaenzana nekumanikidza kwekuchaja. Panguva imwecheteyo, kubuda kubva mairi kunodyiswawo, sezvo, uye ini ndinogara ndichitaura pamusoro peizvi, pane zvechokwadi uye nguva dzose inobuda mairi. Kudzvinyirirwa kwakafanana kunogadzikwa mumatangi akasara emota uye locomotive, uye mavuza anodonhedzwawo.

Kuti avhure mabhureki, mutyairi anoisa mubato wecrane munzvimbo V - braking padanho rebasa. Muchiitiko ichi, mhepo inoburitswa kubva kuequalization tank kuburikidza negomba rakagadziriswa, kuve nechokwadi chekudonhedza kudonha kwe0,01 - 0,04 MPa pasekondi. Iyo nzira inodzorwa nemutyairi achishandisa iyo pressure gauge ye tank rekusurgery. Ipo mubato wevharuvhu uri pachinzvimbo V, mweya unosiya tangi yekuenzanisa. Iyo piston yakaenzana inogadziriswa, ichisimuka uye ichivhura vharuvhu yekuburitsa, ichibvisa kudzvanywa kubva pamutsetse webhureki.

Kumisa maitiro ekuburitsa mhepo kubva kuequalization tank, mushandisi anoisa mubato wevharuvhu munzvimbo inopindirana - III kana IV. Iyo nzira yekuburitsa mweya kubva kuequalization tank, uye nekudaro kubva pamutsetse webhureki, inomira. Aya ndiwo maitirwo anoitwa service braking stage. Kana mabhureki asina kunyatsoshanda, imwe nhanho inoitwa; nekuda kweizvi, mubato wecrane weanoshanda unofambiswa zvakare kunzvimbo V.

At normal mukuru Paunenge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchidzika kudzika kwemutsara webrake line hazvifaniri kudarika 0,15 MPa. Sei? Chekutanga, hapana chikonzero chekudzikisa zvakadzika - nekuda kwechiyero chehuwandu hwetangi rekuchengetedza uye brake cylinder (BC) pamotokari, kudzvanywa kweanopfuura 0,4 MPa hakuzovaka muBC. Uye kubuda kwe0,15 MPa kunongoenderana nekumanikidzwa kwe0,4 MPa mumabhureki cylinders. Chechipiri, kuburitsa zvakadzika kune ngozi - nekudzika kwakadzika mumutsara webhureki, nguva yekuchaja yezvipo zvekuchengetedza inozowedzera kana mabhureki aburitswa, nekuti anochajiswa chaizvo kubva pamutsetse webhureki. Ndiko kuti, zviito zvakadaro zvakazara nekuneta kwebhureki.

Muverengi anobvunza anobvunza - ndeupi mutsauko uripo pakati pesirin'i munzvimbo III uye IV?

Muchinzvimbo IV, spool yevharuvhu inovhara zvachose maburi ese mugirazi. Iyo inodzikisira haidyise tangi yekuenzanisa uye kudzvanywa kuri mairi kunoramba kwakagadzikana, nekuti kuvuza kubva kuUR idiki zvakanyanya. Panguva imwecheteyo, piston yakaenzana inoenderera mberi ichishanda, ichizadza kudonha kubva kumutsara webhureki, ichichengetedza mairi kudzvanywa kwakagadzwa mune yakaenzana reservoir mushure mekupedzisira braking. Naizvozvo, gadziriro iyi inonzi "kupindirana nekupihwa kwemvura kubva pamutsetse webhureki"

Muchinzvimbo chechitatu, spool yevharuvhu inotaurirana kune mumwe nemumwe makomba ari kumusoro uye pazasi pepiston yakaenzana, iyo inovharira kushanda kwemuviri wakaenzana - kudzvanywa mumakumbo ese anodonha panguva imwe chete pachiyero chekudonha. Uku kuvuza hakuna kubhadharwa neakaenzana. Naizvozvo, nzvimbo yechitatu yevharuvhu inonzi "kupindirana pasina kupa mavuza kubva pamutsetse webhureki"

Sei kune nzvimbo mbiri dzakadai uye rudzii rwekupindirana kunoshandiswa nemutyairi? Zvose, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu uye rudzi rwebasa reiyo locomotive.

Paunenge uchishanda mabhureki evatakuri, zvinoenderana nemirayiridzo, mutyairi anosungirwa kuisa vharafu munzvimbo III (padenga pasina simba) mune zvinotevera zviitiko:

• Kana uchitevera chiratidzo chinorambidza
• Paunenge uchidzora EPT mushure mekutanga nhanho yekudzora braking
• Paunenge uchidzika pamateru kana kuti pakafa

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ose aya, kusunungurwa kwemabhureki kusingagamuchirwi. Zvingaitika sei? Ehe, zviri nyore kwazvo - vatakuri vemhepo vanogovera vanoshanda pamusiyano uripo pakati pekumanikidza maviri - mumutsara webhureki uye mudura rekuchengetedza. Kana kudzvinyirirwa mumutsara webhureki kunowedzera, mabhureki anosunungurwa zvachose.

Iye zvino ngatimbofungidzira kuti isu takabhureki ndokuiisa munzvimbo IV, apo vharafu inodyisa inodonha kubva pamutsetse webhureki. Uye panguva ino imwe idiot muvheti inovhura zvishoma uye yobva yavhara iyo yekumisa vharafu - iyo scoundrel iri kutamba ichitenderedza. Varuvhu yemutyairi inobata uku kudonha, izvo zvinotungamira mukuwedzera kwekumanikidza mumutsara webhureki, uye mutakuri wemhepo anoparadzira, anonzwisisa kune izvi, anopa kusunungurwa kwakazara.

Pamarori anotakura zvinhu, iyo IV chinzvimbo inonyanya kushandiswa - iyo VR inotakura haina hanya nekuwedzera kwekumanikidza muTM uye ine kuburitswa kwakanyanya. Position III inoiswa chete kana paine fungidziro yekudonha kusingagamuchirwe mumutsara webhureki.

Mabhureki anoburitswa sei? Kuti isunungurwe zvizere, mubato wepombi wemushandisi unoiswa munzvimbo I - kuburitsa uye kuchaja. Muchiitiko ichi, ese ari maviri tangi yekuenzanisa uye mutsara webhureki zvakabatana zvakananga kumutsara wekudya. Kuzadzwa chete kwetangi rekuenzanisa kunoitika kuburikidza negomba rakagadziriswa, nekukurumidza asi zvine mwero nhanho, zvichikutendera iwe kudzora kudzvanywa uchishandisa yekumanikidza geji. Uye mutsara wemabhureki unozadzwa kuburikidza nemugero wakafara, kuitira kuti kumanikidzwa ikoko kusvetuke pakarepo ku 0,7 - 0,9 MPa (zvichienderana nehurefu hwechitima) uye inoramba iripo kusvikira mubato wevharuvhu waiswa panzvimbo yechipiri. Nei zvakadaro?

Izvi zvinoitwa kuitira kusundira huwandu hwemhepo mumutsara webhureki, zvakanyanya kuwedzera kudzvanywa mukati mayo, izvo zvichabvumira kusunungurwa wave kuvimbiswa kusvika pamotokari yekupedzisira. Mhedzisiro iyi inonzi pulse supercharging. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti umhanyise zororo pacharo uye uone nekukurumidza kuchaja kweasara matangi muchitima chose.

Kuzadza tangi yekuenzanisa pachiyero chakapihwa inobvumidza iwe kudzora maitiro ekugovera. Kana dzvinyiriro iri mairi ichisvika pakuchaja (pazvitima zvinotakura vanhu) kana kuti nokumwe kufungidzira, zvichienderana nourefu hwechitima (pazvitima zvinotakura zvinhu), mubato wepombi yomutyairi unoiswa panzvimbo yechipiri yechitima. Iyo stabilizer inobvisa kuwandisa kwetangi yakaenzana, uye piston yakaenzana inokurumidza kuita kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki kuenzana nekumanikidza mutangi yakaenzana. Aya ndiwo maitiro ekuburitsa zvizere mabhureki kune yekuchaja pressure inoita senge kubva pakuona kwemutyairi.

Kusunungurwa kusunungurwa, munyaya ye EPT kutonga kana pazvitima zvekutakura panguva yegomo rekushanda kwemhepo yekuparadzira mhepo, inoitwa nekuisa mubato wevhavha munzvimbo yeXNUMX yechitima, inoteverwa nekuendeswa kune denga.

Iyo electro-pneumatic brake inodzorwa sei? Iyo EPT inodzorwa kubva kune imwechete opareta crane, chete 395, iyo ine EPT controller. Mune iyi "can", yakaiswa pamusoro pemubato wemubato, kune vanobatika kuti, kuburikidza neiyo control unit, vanodzora kupihwa kwezvakanaka kana zvisina kunaka zvinogoneka, zvine chekuita nenjanji, kune EPT waya, uye zvakare kubvisa izvi zvinogona kuburitsa. mabhureki.

Kana EPT ikavhurwa, braking inoitwa nekuisa crane yemutyairi munzvimbo Va - inononoka braking. Muchiitiko ichi, mabhureki cylinders anozadzwa zvakananga kubva kune yemagetsi air distributor pachiyero che 0,1 MPa pasekondi. Iyo nzira inotariswa uchishandisa gauge yekumanikidza mumabhureki cylinders. Kubudiswa kwetangi yekuenzanisa kunoitika, asi zvishoma nezvishoma.

IEPT inogona kusunungurwa kana nhanho, nekuisa valve panzvimbo II, kana zvachose, nekuiisa panzvimbo I uye kuwedzera kudzvinyirira muUR ne 0,02 MPa pamusoro pechaji chekumanikidza. Izvi ndizvo zvazvinoita kubva pakuona kwemutyairi

Ko emergency braking inoitwa sei? Kana mubato wevharuvhu waiswa panzvimbo VI, spool yevharuvhu inovhura tambo yebhureki yakananga mumhepo kuburikidza nemugero wakafara. Dzvinyiriro inodonha kubva pakuchaja kusvika zero mumasekonzi 3-4. Kudzvinyirirwa mutangi rekuvhiya kunodererawo, asi zvishoma nezvishoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, mabhureki ekukurumidzira anobatiswa pane vanogovera mhepo - imwe neimwe VR inovhura mutsara webhureki kumhepo. Mhepo inobhururuka kubva pasi pemavhiri, mavhiri anotsvedza, kunyangwe nekuwedzera jecha pasi pawo ...

Kune yega yega "kukanda mune yechitanhatu", mutyairi achasangana nekuongororwa padhipatimendi - kana zviito zvake zvakaruramiswa nemirairo yeMirairo yeKudzora mabhureki uye Mitemo yeTechnical Operation yeRolling Stock, pamwe nenhamba. yemirayiridzo yomunzvimbomo. Tisingarevi kushushikana kwaanoita pa "kukanda mune yechitanhatu."

Naizvozvo, kana ukabuda uchienda kumanjanji, tsvedza pasi pechivharo chekuvharira kuyambuka mumotokari, yeuka kuti munhu mupenyu, mutyairi wechitima, ndiye ane mhosva yekukanganisa kwako, upenzi, kupenga uye bravado. Uye avo vanhu vanozofanira kusunungura matumbo kubva kumaekisi emavhiri seti, bvisa misoro yakachekwa kubva pamabhokisi egiya ...

Ini handidi kutyisidzira chero munhu, asi ichi ndicho chokwadi - chokwadi chakanyorwa muropa uye kukuvara kukuru kwezvinhu. Naizvozvo, mabhureki echitima haasi nyore sezvaangaita.

Mugumisiro

Ini handisi kuzotarisa kushanda kweiyo yekubatsira brake valve mune ino chinyorwa. Nezvikonzero zviviri. Chekutanga, chinyorwa ichi chakazadzwa nematemu uye yakaoma engineering uye hachinyatso pindirana muchimiro chesainzi yakakurumbira. Chechipiri, kufunga nezvekushanda kweKVT kunoda kushandiswa kwekutsanangurwa kweiyo nuances yepneumatic circuit yemabhureki emagetsi, uye iyi inyaya yekukurukurirana kwakasiyana.

Ndinotarisira kuti nechinyorwa ichi ndakaisa kutya kwekutenda mashura muvaverengi vangu ... kwete, kwete, ndiri kutamba, hongu. Majee parutivi, ndinofunga zvave pachena kuti mabhureki echitima akaomesesa ezvishandiso zvakabatana uye zvakanyanya kuomarara, dhizaini yakanangana nekukasira uye kwakachengeteka kudzora kwekutenderera stock. Pamusoro pazvo, ndinovimba chaizvo kuti ndaodza mwoyo chido chekuseka vashandi vezvitima nekutamba nevharuvhu yebhureki. Ndoda munhu...

Mumashoko avo vanondikumbira kuti ndikuudze nezveSapsan. Pachave ne "Peregrine Falcon", uye ichave yakaparadzana, yakanaka uye yakakura chinyorwa, ine ruzivo rwakanyanya. Ichi chitima chemagetsi chakandipa nguva pfupi, asi yekugadzira zvakanyanya muhupenyu hwangu, saka ndinoda chaizvo kutaura nezvazvo, uye ndichazadzisa vimbiso yangu.

Ndinoda kuratidza kutenda kwangu kuvanhu nemasangano anotevera:

1. Roman Biryukov (Romych Russian Railways) yemifananidzo yezvinhu pane EP20 kabhini
2. Webhusaiti www.pomogala.ru - yemifananidzo yakatorwa kubva kune yavo
3. Zvakare kuRoma Biryukov naSergei Avdonin kuti vawane mazano pamusoro pezvinhu zvisinganzwisisiki zvekushanda kwebhureki.

Toonana zvakare, shamwari dzinodiwa!

Source: www.habr.com