Mhoroi, zita rangu ndinonzi Andrey uye ndiri mushandi weimwe yemakambani makuru emaneja munyika. Zvingaite sekuti mushandi paHabrΓ© anogona kutaura? Zvishandise iwe zvivakwa zvakavakwa nemugadziri uye hapana chinonakidza, asi izvi hazvina kudaro.
Iyo manejimendi kambani ine basa rimwechete rakakosha uye rine mutoro mubasa rekuvaka imba - uku ndiko kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuvaka. Ndiyo manejimendi kambani inoisa pamberi izvo zvinodikanwa izvo zvakapedzwa, yakavakwa ACS system inosangana.
Muchinyorwa chino, ndinoda kuvhara nyaya yekugadzira tekinoroji mamiriro mukati meiyo imba iri kuvakwa ine ACS system inoshandisa Mifare Plus chengetedzo level SL3 tekinoroji ine chikamu encryption ine kiyi yekuchengetedza iyo isiri iyo mugadziri, kana. kondirakiti, kana mukontrakta wepasi anoziva.
Uye imwe yepasirese haina kutombooneka pakuona kwekutanga - nzira yekudzivirira kuvuza kweiyo encryption kodhi yakasarudzwa kuti encryption yeMifare Plus makadhi mukati mehierarchy yevaki, makondirakiti, vatengesi uye vamwe vanhu vane mutoro vanoshanda neiyo ACS system kumba. padanho kubva pakutanga kwekuvakwa kwayo kushanda munguva yemashure-waranti.
Iwo makuru matekinoroji emakadhi asingabatike nhasi:
- EM Marine (StandProx, ANGstrem, SlimProx, MiniTag) 125 kHz
- Mifare neNXP (Classic, Plus, UltraLight, DESfire) (Mifare 1k, 4k) 13,56 MHz
- HID inogadzira HID Corporation(ProxCard II, ISOProx-II, ProxKey II) 125 kHz
- iCLASS uye iCLASS SE (yakagadzirwa neHID Corporation) 13,56 MHz
- Indala (Motorola), Nedap, Farpointe, Kantech, UHF (860-960 MHz)
Zvakawanda zvachinja kubva pakashandiswa Em-Marine mumasystem eACS, uye isu nguva pfupi yadarika takachinja kubva kuMifare Classic SL1 fomati kuenda kuMifare Plus SL3 encryption fomati.
Mifare Plus SL3 inoshandisa yakavanzika chikamu encryption ine chakavanzika 16-byte kiyi muAES fomati. Nezvinangwa izvi, iyo Mifare Plus chip mhando inoshandiswa.
Iyo switch yakaitwa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kunozivikanwa muSL1 encryption fomati. Zvinonzi:
Iyo cryptography yekadhi inotsvakurudzwa zvakanaka. Takawana kusazvibata mukushandiswa kwepseudo-random nhamba jenareta (PRNG) yemepu uye kusazvibata mu CRYPTO1 algorithm. Mukuita, izvi kusagadzikana kunoshandiswa mukurwiswa kunotevera:
- Rima divi - kurwiswa kunoshandisa kusazvibata kwePRNG. Inoshanda paMIFARE Classic makadhi anosvika EV1 chizvarwa (muEV1, iyo PRNG njodzi yakatogadziriswa). Kuti urwise, iwe unongoda mepu, haufanirwe kuziva makiyi.
- Nested - Kurwiswa kunoshandisa CRYPTO1 kusagadzikana. Kurwiswa kwacho kunoitwa pamvumo yechipiri, saka pakurwisa iwe unofanirwa kuziva kiyi yekadhi yakakodzera. Mukuita, kune zero chikamu, makiyi akajairwa anowanzo shandiswa kuMAD oparesheni - vanotanga nayo. Inoshanda kune chero makadhi paCRYPTO1 (MIFARE Classic uye emulations ayo). Kurwiswa kwacho kunoratidzwa muchinyorwa cheKusagadzikana kwekadhi rePlantain
- Kurwiswa kwekuteerera - Kurwiswa kunoshandisa CRYPTO1 kusagadzikana. Kuti urwise, iwe unofanirwa kuteerera kune yekutanga mvumo pakati pemuverengi nekadhi. Izvi zvinoda midziyo yakakosha. Inoshanda kune chero makadhi akavakirwa paCRYPTO1 (MIFARE Classic uye emulations ayo.
Saka: encryption yemakadhi pafekitari ndiyo nguva yekutanga iyo kodhi inoshandiswa, yechipiri rutivi muverengi. Uye isu hatichavimbi nevagadziri vekuverenga neiyo encryption kodhi, nekuda kwekuti ivo havafarire mairi.
Mugadziri wega wega ane zvishandiso zvekuisa iyo kodhi muverengi. Asi ndeye panguva ino iyo dambudziko rekudzivirira kudonha kwekodhi kune vechitatu mapato pamberi pevagadziri uye subcontractors yekuvakwa kweiyo ACS system inooneka. Pinda kodhi yacho iwe pachako?
Kune matambudziko pano, sezvo geography yedzimba dzinoshandiswa inomiririrwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzeRussia, kure kure neMoscow Region.
Uye dzimba dzese idzi dzakavakwa zvinoenderana nechiyero chimwe chete, pamidziyo yakafanana.
Nokuongorora musika weMifare wekuverenga kadhi, handina kukwanisa kuwana nhamba huru yemakambani anoshanda nemaitiro emazuva ano anopa kuchengetedzwa kwekopi yemakadhi.
Nhasi, vazhinji vanogadzira hardware vanoshanda muUID yekuverenga modhi, iyo inogona kukopa chero yemazuva ano mbozhanhare neNFC.
Vamwe vagadziri vanotsigira yazvino SL1 yekuchengetedza sisitimu, iyo yakanga yatokanganiswa kare muna 2008.
Uye vashoma vanogadzira vanoratidza yakanakisa tekinoroji mhinduro maererano nemutengo-mhando reshiyo yekushanda neMifare tekinoroji muSL3 modhi, izvo zvinoita kuti zvisaite kukopa kadhi uye kugadzira clone yayo.
Yakakosha mukana weSL3 mune iyi nyaya kusaita kwekukopa makiyi. Tekinoroji yakadaro haipo nhasi.
Ini ndichataura zvakasiyana nezve njodzi dzekushandisa kadhi kukopa nekutenderera kweanopfuura 200 makopi.
- Njodzi pachikamu chevaridzi - kuvimba na "tenzi" kuita kopi yekiyi, kuraswa kwekiyi yemuroja kunopinda mudura rake, uye "tenzi" anowana mukana wekufamba kuenda kumusuwo, uye kunyange kushandisa nzvimbo yekupaka kana nzvimbo yekupaka yemuroja.
- Njodzi dzekutengesa: kana mutengo wekutengesa wekadhi uri 300 rubles, kurasikirwa kwemusika wekutengesa kwemakadhi ekuwedzera hakusi kurasikirwa kuduku. Kunyange kana "Tenzi" wekukopa makiyi akaonekwa pane imwe LCD, kurasikirwa kwekambani kunogona kusvika kumazana ezviuru nemamiriyoni eRubles.
- Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, aesthetic zvivakwa: zvachose makopi ese anogadzirwa pamadhisiki emhando yakaderera. Ndinofunga vazhinji venyu munoziva kunaka kwepakutanga.
Mukupedzisa, ndinoda kutaura kuti kuongororwa kwakadzama chete kwemusika wemidziyo uye vakwikwidzi vanokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire azvino uye akachengeteka ACS masisitimu anosangana nezvinodiwa zve2019, nekuti ndiyo ACS system muchivakwa chefurati ndiyo yega yakaderera-. hurongwa hwemazuva ano hunosangana nemugari kakawanda pazuva.
Source: www.habr.com