"Jetpack pilot" i "basa rekare" uye ane makore makumi matanhatu. "Jetpack Developer" - .
"Murairidzi wekosi yechikoro pakugadzira jetpacks" ibasa remazuva ano, tiri kuzviita izvozvi.
Nderipi basa remangwana? Tamper? Archaeoprogrammer? Mugadziri wendangariro dzenhema? Blade Runner?
Shamwari yangu yekare yakatora chikamu mukutsvagira vanhu injini yejetpack yatangwa . Ndakamukurudzira kuti ashandure kunyanya kuna Habr.
Ko Basa Rako Rinotevera Richave PaMars?
Tarisa-tarisa. Zvingani zvinhu uye zviitiko zvakakukomberedza zvakange zvisipo pawaive mudiki? Zvichida ikozvino maziso ako achamira palaptop yako, smartphone kana Wi-Fi. Zvino fungidzira kuti izvi zvese hazvipo. Upenyu hwaizovei ipapo? Kudzokera mupfungwa paudiki, funga, unogona here kufungidzira chimwe chinhu icho zvino chisingabviri kuita pasina?
Zvingangoitika kuti zviitiko zvakafanana zviri kuuya maererano nebasa remangwana paMars: pamwe rimwe zuva zvicharatidzika sezvisinganzwisisike kwatiri mafambiro atakaita nekushanda paPasi chete.
Kufambira mberi kweruzivo rwemichina kunoramba kuchigadzira hwaro hwemamwe marudzi akasiyana uye anonakidza emabasa, achiri mashoma, iye zvino, kusvika kumiganhu yepasi redu. Asi pamwe shanduko haina kunonoka kumirira.
Sokutaura kwakaita mushakabvu Stephen Hawking, “Kana rudzi rwomunhu rukapukunyuka mamwe makore ane mirioni, tichatofanira kuenda nokusatya uko kusina munhu akamboenda.”
NaElon Musk, Jeff Bezos, nyanzvi dzeNASA uye mamwe masayendisiti achifunga nezve mukana wekutamira kune mamwe mapuraneti seremangwana rinotarisika, hupfumi hwepakati nepakati uye musika wevashandi unogona kunge usiri kure.
Elon Musk's SpaceX chirongwa chinofungidzira kutumira vekutanga venyeredzi kuMars gore. bhajeti raPresident Trump ra2020 rinosanganisira zvirongwa zve kubhururuka kwegore rose kunoitwa munhu kuenda kuMars kunotora samples kubva kuRed Planet. Kudzidza aya masampuli edombo, ivhu uye mhepo ichapa ruzivo rutsva nezve geological chimiro chepasi uye kuvapo kwemvura pairi, uye pamwe humbowo hwekuvapo kwehupenyu pairi, ikozvino kana kare.
Muchokwadi, makoroni kune mamwe mapuraneti anogona kuve akakosha pakurarama kwevanhu. Amazon CEO uye muvambi Jeff Bezos , kuti kuwedzera nzvimbo yedu yokugara mugadziriro yezuva “haisi nyaya yokuzvisarudzira, asi inodiwa.”
Zvinetso zvemhoteredzo, zviwanikwa zvishoma, kukurumidza kukura kwevanhu uye mukana werufu kubva kune asteroids kana dzimwe njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga zvingaita kuti kusaita kuti Amai vedu Pasi varambe vari nzvimbo yekutandarira yevanhu vari kukura.
Kunyange pasina chibvumirano chakabvumirana kuti Mars inofanira kunge iri imba yedu inotevera, Musk anotenda kuti chipingamupinyi chega chekushandura Red Planet kuita nzvimbo yebasa, kutaura zvazviri, "basa guru rekuvaka hwaro."
Kana iyi nheyo yezvivakwa iyo Musk ari kutaura nezvayo yagadzirwa, isu vepanyika tichakwanisa kunyorera nzvimbo dzebasa paMars, sezvazviri kuitika pari zvino. Nekudaro, usati warongedza mabhegi ako, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvaungade kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo.
Sei Mars?
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti, kazhinji, mapuraneti ezuva nezuva ari pasi pekushanduka kwekushisa kamwe kamwe uye kune ngozi kune cosmic pesvedzero, Mars ine zvimwe zvakafanana nePasi. Inowanikwawo mune inonzi Habitable Zone (), uko mamiriro ezvinhu angave akakodzera kutsigira hupenyu.
Kunyangwe mhepo yeMartian yakanyanya kutetepa kufema, uye pamusoro pepasi panotonhora zvakanyanya kune hupenyu hwekunze, Mars - kusiyana nemamwe mapuraneti ari muzuva - ine zvayakanakira: zuva iro rinotora maawa makumi maviri nemana, kune 24 mwaka, canyons. , makomo anoputika, polar ice caps, mibhedha yenzizi, madziva akaoma uye kunyange imwe mvura yemvura.
Zvichienderana neruzivo rwedu rwazvino uye kunzwisisa kwesolar system, zvinogona kupokana kuti Mars ndiyo yakanakisa mumiriri wekufamba kwepakati peplanetary.
Ndeapi marudzi emabasa achawanikwa paMars?
Kana iri nhanho yekutanga yekuongorora kweRed Planet, mashoma emabasa akatarisana nesu muUniverse anogona kukwikwidza nawo mumikana yekuvhura yekuzviona wega uye nhanho yezvinangwa zvakaiswa. Nekudaro, dhigirii rekubudirira kwehunyanzvi rinogona kuve chinhu chinosarudzira zvese kune zvemunhu uye remangwana revanhu vese.
Paul Worcester, injinjiniya mukuru weSpaceX's Mars project, anotsanangura kuti basa rekutanga paMars richasanganisira "zvinhu zvakawanda zvakafanana nekuvaka kwePasi, kuvandudzwa kwemaminerari (kusanganisira kuongorora), uye kugadzira zvidiki, pamwe nemabasa ekuwedzera akadai se. kubika nekutsvaira."
Worcester anoratidza kuti kudiwa kwekutanga kwevashandi kuMars kuchave zvisina kuenzana kumabasa ekugadzirisa michina kwete kunanga basa remaoko: "Mumatanho ekutanga, zviitwa zvausingasvibise maoko ako nenzira ipi neipi netsvina yekushanda kwemuviri zvingangoitwa kubva kuPasi."
Sezvo hwaro hwezvivakwa hunokura, huwandu hwezvinzvimbo zvinogoneka muzvikamu zvakaita semishonga, zvekurima, dzidzo nemabasa zvichawedzera. Pakutanga, inonyanya kufarirwa ichava . Panguva imwecheteyo, sezvo kufarira kuMars kuchikura uye chido chekudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro payo, kukurudzirwa kwemafirimu akakodzera, mapurogiramu eterevhizheni uye zviratidzo zvechokwadi kumusika wePasi zvichava nechokwadi chokuti Red Planet ichakwezva tarenda yakawanda uye yakasiyana-siyana.
Chimwe chikamu chebasa uye imwezve kukurudzira kune vanhu vane zvipo ichave mukana wekuita izvo zvinonyanya kushinga hunyanzvi.
"Iyo yekutanga Mars colony inogona kuwana mari yakawanda nekuva koloni ine hunyanzvi. Pasina kutsauswa nezvinhu zvepanyika, asi yakatarisana nematambudziko anoda kugadziriswa paMars, iyo koloni inogona kuve yemhando ye "pressure cooker" yekuvandudza, sezvo vagari vayo vaisazokanganiswa nehutongi hwepasi, "
- anodaro chiremba , muvambi weMars Society () uye munyori webhuku idzva .
Kana iwe usingakwanise kumirira iyo yepamutemo colonization yeMars kuti itange yatanga, unogona kunyorera kutora chikamu muNASA's Astronaut Chirongwa. Zvisinei, tinokurudzira kuva negadziriro yeparutivi; yakatotumirwa muna 2017 nhamba yezvikumbiro i18.300, kunyangwe nhamba yenzvimbo dzisina vanhu ichingobva pa8 kusvika ku14.
Nzira yekunyorera sei basa reinterplanetary?
Isu tinopa zano kune vese vanofarira interplanetary basa kuti vashanyire mawebhusaiti emasangano akadai , и . Specialized nzvimbo dzakadai и . NASA yakatoburitsa mapepa ebasa paMars kune vanoongorora, varimi, vadzidzisi uye makanika.
Kunyangwe hunyanzvi huzhinji hunodiwa kushanda muchadenga parizvino hwakavakirwa paPasi, makambani anoshanda muchikamu chekuongorora nzvimbo anoda nyanzvi kubva kumabasa ese. Masangano ari pamusoro uye zviwanikwa zvepamhepo zvinoratidzira tarisiro yeinjiniya, dhizaini, kuvandudza chirongwa chekombuta, kugadzira, zviwanikwa zvevanhu, mari, IT, mutemo, kushambadzira, kutengeserana uye zvimwe zvakawanda zviitiko zviripo papasi redu. Chero zvaunofarira nyanzvi, kana iwe uinewo chido chekuongorora nzvimbo, uchazviwanira kushandisa iwe pachako.
Ndichasvika sei kunzvimbo yangu itsva yebasa?
Kuita kuti Mars ive saiti inoshanda yehupfumi hutsva, inowanikwa, yakachengeteka, yakavimbika uye yenguva dzose zvifambiso zvinofanirwa kupihwa kune veruzhinji. Roketi inogona kushandiswazve (senge yataurwa naMusk) ichave yakakosha kugadzira sevhisi yekufambisa ndege munzvimbo. First passenger inogona kutakura vanhu vanosvika zana (kana kupfuura) uye matani mazana mana nemakumi mashanu emutoro.
Ese mhinduro dzine chinangwa chekugadzira nzvimbo huru yekufambisa inoda kubatana kwepedyo uye makambani akazvimirira uye masangano ehurumende akadai seNASA. Indasitiri yakasimba yekufambisa nzvimbo yaizogadzirawo mamwe mabasa epakati pemapuraneti, sezvakaita kufamba nendege paNyika. Richard Branson's space tourism company Virgin Galactic yakatokwezva mazana , avo vakaisa mari mune ramangwana rekufamba muchadenga. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mune ino nyowani yepamusoro-tech chikamu uye Vaizokwanisa kubata sevhisi yako uye kugovera zvekudya zvinonaka panguva yekubhururuka.
Zvichava zvakachengeteka here kugara uye kushanda paMars?
Kana, kuitira kuti Mars iwedzere kugarika, kuedza kunoitwa kushandura mamiriro ayo echisikigo uye terraforming (kana imwe shanduko) inoshandiswa, saka hapana vimbiso yemhedzisiro yakanaka. Kuwedzera kwekushisa kwepasi kunogona kudzosa kuhupenyu hwaimbova kana huripo iye zvino , - nemigumisiro isingatarisirwi. Simba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi risina simba rinogona kuderedza mapfupa edu nemhasuru, uye kuwedzera mwaranzi kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yegomarara. Zvakadaro, chinetso chakakomba zvikuru, uye rufu muuyo unobvira zvikuru nokuda kwavatangi vekutanga. Pamusoro pezvo, kuzviparadzanisa kwekutanga kubva kunharaunda dzakakura dzemagariro kana kuchinja kwenguva refu uye kamwe kamwe mumamiriro emagariro, mararamiro uye kudya (pamwe chete nekukanganisika kwekurara nekuda kwemaawa akareba ezuva) zvinogona kuunza njodzi kuhutano hwepfungwa uye hwepfungwa. Izvi, zvakare, zvinogona kukuvadza hutano hwemuviri uye kupfupisa tarisiro yehupenyu.
Ndichataura sei nevaya vacharamba vari paNyika?
Nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, holoportation () ichakubvumidza kuti uise vanhu mukamuri imwechete munguva inenge chaiyo, kunyangwe vari pamapuraneti akasiyana. Izvi zvichaita kuti kutaurirana nemhuri, shamwari uye vaunoshanda navo paPasi kusava nemusono uye zvakasikwa. Sezvo kugovana mufananidzo uye tekinoroji yebot tekinoroji inofambira mberi, nzvimbo yako chaiyo haisisiri yakakosha. Bots kushandisa , inogona kutogadzira mauri kunzwa kwekubatwa kwemuviri kwemumwe munhu anogara pane imwe nyika. Kure kure tekinoroji yebasa ichakubvumidza kuti ugare paMars uye ushande paPasi. Vanhu vakanga votoshanda paMars ndichiri paNyika.
Mazororo enyika achawanika here?
Pakutanga, kudzokera kuPasi kuzororo hazvigoneke nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira uye tekinoroji yekubhururuka. Nekudaro, tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti kumhanya kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mwedzi 12-18 yega yega, nguva dzinouya apo tikiti rekudzoka kuPasi richave rakachipa. Kusvika ipapo, uye mamwe matekinoroji achakwanisa kupa chaiwo "kushanya" ayo anonyatso kuenzaniswa mukunzwa kune kudzoka chaiko kuPasi.
Kana ukafunga kuita kutiza kwako mumatanho maviri uye tanga kurarama kwenguva yakati paMwedzi (senge ita Bezos), mikana yako yekushandisa zororo paPasi ndeyechokwadi.
Ndichagara kupi, ndodya nekutenga?
Kuitwa pasi pezvisungo zveNASA dhizaini yairatidza dzimba dzepamusoro-soro dzeMartian dzakagadzirwa kubva kuaizi, zvinhu zvinofefetera uye zvitundumuseremusere zvakashandiswa zvakare. Mumakore zana anotevera, United Arab Emirates (UAE) inotarisira kuendesa vanhu zviuru mazana matanhatu kuMars. Kugadzirira iyi itsva Martian colony, iyo UAE inoronga kugadzira imwe paPasi nedzimba dzemhando yedome. Urongwa hwavo hunosanganisirawo kuvaka museum (yakazara nemadziro akadhindwa e3D akagadzirwa kubva mujecha renzvimbo) uko avo vanotarisira kuzogara paMars mune ramangwana vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvenhoroondo yekufamba muchadenga.
Pakutanga, nzvimbo dzese dzekugara, dzekudyira uye dzekutenga dzichange dziri mukati mezvivakwa kudzivirira vanhu kubva kumhepo isingafemeki kunze uye tembiricha yakaderera. Kana nyika ikabvuma kuedza kwedu kuita kuti igarike, nharaunda dzemangwana dzevakoloni dzichakwanisa kutevedzera hupenyu hwePanyika uye kukudziridza tsika yekudyisa paMcDonald's. Asi ukapihwa mutengo ungangove wekupfuya zvipfuyo paMars kana kugadzira nyama murabhoritari, gadzirira kuti Big Mac yako idhure zvakanyanya pane yenguva dzose. Zvimwe zvinhu zvekutanga kukura paMars zvichave , - saka saladhi inogona kunge yakakukodzera iwe. Kana iri yekutenga, Amazon inoita sekunge icharamba iripo kwauri zvakare: Bezos ari kutoronga zvake kumwedzi.
Ndinogona kudzingwa basa rangu paMars?
Icho chokwadi chekugadzikwa paRed Planet chichava chimwe chinhu chisiri chakajairwa kusvika ndege dzekudzokera dzagoneka, kana kusvika mamwe mabasa agadzirwa. Sarudzo dzekubhadhara dzinoda kuitwa nekuchenjerera kwakanyanya uye chikonzero; nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza dzinofanirwa kupihwa kuitira kugadzirwa uye zvine musoro kushandiswa kwezvinogona zvevashandi vanorega kuita mabasa avo ehunyanzvi, kana kune idzo nyaya kana kudiwa kwerudzi urwu rwebasa kusisadiwe. Naizvozvo, nyaya dzekusagona kana kuenda pamudyandigere dzinofanirwa kuverengerwawo.
Kuitira kuvimbisa mwero wakakwirira wokurarama nokuda kwavagari vose vomuMartian, zvirongwa zvinofanira kuvapo zvokugovera pokugara nokutarisira avo vasingachakwanisi kuzviitira vamene; mwero mumwechete wehutano hwehutano uye imwechete yakakosha mari inogona kuvimbisa и kumunhu wose, zvisinei nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo emunhu. Nekudaro, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, masimba emamiriro ehupfumi nehupfumi paRed Planet anogona kuchinja sezvo indasitiri yekutakura nzvimbo inokura.
Ndichave "mumwe wangu" paMars?
Iyo nzira yekufunga nezvekusiyana-siyana uye kunyatsoteerera kune murume kana mukadzi, dzinza, chitendero uye nyika maitiro evaya vanoenda kuMars yakakosha zvakanyanya. Colonization yemamwe mapuraneti ichapa vanhu mukana wakasarudzika wekugadzirisa kukanganisa kwenhoroondo yePasi uye kuunza vanhu pachiyero chinodiwa. Kana kusiyana-siyana kukabatwa zvine fungwa, nhengo dzese dzenharaunda dzinonzwa sedzinoda kuti ndedzevo.
Hupenyu paMars huchava dambudziko rakasiyana munzira dzakawanda. Saka, semuenzaniso: mari yemubatanidzwa kana yehurumende yekoloni ichakanganisa sei kodzero uye rusununguko rwevagari? Ko vashandi vachatsamira chose pamakambani avo, vachitsamira chose chose mukufarira kwavo kupa pekugara, chikafu, kurapwa nezvimwe zvinodiwa?
Kana mari yega yega kubva kumakambani ePasi-based inoramba iri chinhu chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kweMars, sarudzo dzezvematongerwo enyika pasi pano dzichatungamirwa nekufunga kunokuvadza kwekuwana kwenguva pfupi kana mutoro wekugara kwenguva refu?
Vanhu vari paMars vanochinjira sei kunharaunda yavo itsva? Vachiona simba regiravhiti risina simba, mwero weokisijeni usingaite uye nemwaranzi yakawedzera, vanhu vanogona kushanduka kuita mhando itsva nekufamba kwenguva. Astronaut yakakura inchi mbiri kureba mushure megore rimwe chete mukutenderera.
Vana vanozvarwa paMars vanojairana sei nemusha wavo mutsva? Vachakudziridza hunhu husingaenderane nehupenyu hwePasi uye kugadzira hwaro hweMartian subspecies yevanhu? Chii chichava hwaro hwepamutemo hwekuva vagari vemo "vaMartians" veko?
Vaya vanopa mari yekutamira kuMars vachaedza kumanikidza pasipoti imwe chete yepasirese kana pre-mvumo nzira yekufamba kusingatenderwe pakati peplanetary?
Kana vanhu vokuMartian vakafanana vachiwanda zvishoma nezvishoma, vanhu vepanyika vachagamuchirwa ikoko here?
Ko hupfumi hwakazvimirira hweMars huchabuda here, kana kuti Nyika ichasimba mune zvemari uye yozvimisa seyo yega nzvimbo yehupfumi yesolar system? Kana Mars ikazvimiririra mune zvehupfumi (kana kuda kuzvimiririra) kubva kumusika wekutengesa kunze kwenyika, ichawana hutongi kubva kuPasi? Uchangamire hwakadaro huchatungamirira kuhondo yezvamatongerwe enyika nokuda kwesimba here, kukurwisana kwemifungo uye, pakupedzisira, kumugariro wezvinoitika zvakarondedzerwa naH. Wells mu“War of the Worlds” yake here?
Dzidzo nekunzwisisa zvichave zvinhu zvakakosha sezvo vanhu vachitsvaga kugadzirisa mamwe mapuraneti muhurongwa hwezuva, uye pamwe nekupfuura. Masangano akaita seNational Space Society () - sangano risina purofiti rakazvipira kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yakavakirwa budiriro uye mutungamiri mundima iyi kubva 1974 - inzvimbo yakanaka yekutsvaga, kuburitswa kwezvinyorwa uye ruzivo rwakakwana rwekuti vanhu vepanyika vanogona sei kushandisa "hofori zviwanikwa zvemuchadenga." kuitira kuvandudzwa kwakanyanya kwevanhu." Yakatangwa muna 1998, iyo Mars Society () ndechimwe chinhu chinobatsira ruzivo ruzivo rwakanangana nekugadzirisa kweRed Planet.
Chero zvingave zvigadziriso zvinoiswa pamberi perunyararo rwepasi rose uye misimboti yekubatsira vanhu, kusikwa kwemabasa paMars kuchave kwekutanga kwekubuda kwe "itsva, inonakidza uye isingatarisike" yekucheka "kumucheto" kwevanhu. Ikoko, paMars, vanhu vachawana nzira dzakasiyana dzekufunga nezvekushandira pamwe nekuda kwenzvimbo yedu uye, pamwe, nekudaro vachiwedzera nhoroondo yerudzi rwese rwevanhu.
Zvekare, dzokera mupfungwa kuhudiki hwako uye wobva wafunga nezve gadget yauri kuverenga izvozvi chinyorwa. Zvino, tendeudzira maziso ako kuSpace. Zvakanaka, wagadzirira here?
PS
"MuStavropol, mumwe mukomana ane makore angangoita gumi nemashanu akagara neni mushure me "Course to Mars" kufungisisa akatanga kundibvunza kuti chii chaizvo chandanga ndichiita uye kwenguva yakareba sei. Ndakatanga kumuudza nezvebasa redu muSouth Africa neTanzania, Brazil neVietnam, Armenia neTunisia, uye nezvenzendo dzisingaperi muRussia. Maziso emukomana uyu akawedzera uye pane imwe nguva akati: "Iri ibasa rekurota - kufamba kwese kwese uye kushanda."
“Unoonaka,” ndakapindura kudaro, “wakadzidza kuti ikoku kunobvira pazera ramakore gumi namashanu, uye ini pazera ramakore 35. Naizvozvo une banza rokuvaka basa rako kubva pakutanga nenzira inoratidzika kuva inofadza zvikuru kwauri.”
The Atlas of New Professions iri, kutaura zvazviri, nezveizvi. "
- , Project Manager "«
(PDF, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International)
Source: www.habr.com