Kuburitswa kweUbuntu 20.04 LTS yekugovera kit

zvakaitika kubudiswa kwekugovera Ubuntu 20.04 "Focal Fossa", iyo inorongedzerwa serutsigiro rwenguva refu (LTS) kuburitswa, iyo inogadziridzwa inogadzirwa pamusoro pemakore mashanu kusvika Kubvumbi 5. Kuisa uye bhutsu mifananidzo inogadzirirwa Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu
Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu uye UbuntuKylin (China edition).

chikuru change:

• Desktop yakagadziridzwa isati yaburitswa GNOME 3.36, iyo yakaunza "usavhiringidze" modhi yekuviga kwenguva pfupi zviziviso zvitsva, yakawedzera imwe yakaparadzana application yekugadzirisa ma-add-ons kuGNOME Shell, yakagadziridza dhizaini yekupinda uye yekuvhura skrini yekuvhura, yakagadziridzazve akawanda masisitimu dialog, uye yakawedzera basa. yekutangisa maapplication uchishandisa discrete GPU pane masisitimu ane hybrid graphics, kugona kutumidza mazita madhairekitori ane maapplication akaitwa mukutarisa maitiro, sarudzo yekugonesa yevabereki control system yakawedzerwa kune yekutanga setup wizard, nezvimwe.
  

• Iyo yakasarudzika Yaru theme yakagadziridzwa, umo, mukuwedzera kune yaimbovepo yakasviba (yakasviba misoro, yakasviba kumashure uye yakasviba zvinodzora) uye chiedza (yakasviba misoro, mwenje kumashure uye mwenje zvinodzora) modhi, yechitatu yakazara chiedza sarudzo ichaonekwa. Dhizaini nyowani yemenu system uye menyu yekushandisa yakatsanangurwa. Yakawedzera nyowani dhairekitori icons iyo yakagadziridzwa kuti iratidzike pachiedza uye nerima kumashure.
  

  A new interface yakaitwa yekuchinja theme sarudzo.

  

• Kuita kweGNOME Shell uye maneja wehwindo akagadziridzwa. Yakaderedzwa CPU mutoro uye kunonoka kunonoka panguva yekupa animation paunenge uchishandura windows, kufambisa mbeva, uye kuvhura maitiro ekutarisa.
• Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rwegumi-bit ruvara kudzika.
• YeX11, tsigiro yekuyera chikamu yakaitwa, iyo yaimbove iripo chete kana uchishandisa Wayland. Iyi ficha inokutendera iwe kuti usarudze yakakwana saizi yezvinhu pazviratidziro zvine yakakwira pixel density (HiDPI), semuenzaniso, unogona kuwedzera anoratidzwa interface zvinhu kwete nekaviri, asi ne 2.
• Yakawedzera imwe splash skrini inoonekwa pabhoti.
• Iyo icon yekukurumidza kufamba kuburikidza neAmazon online store yakabviswa.
• Linux kernel yakagadziridzwa kuti isunungurwe 5.4. Sezvakaita mukuburitswa kwematsutso, iyo LZ4 algorithm inoshandiswa kudzvanya kernel uye yekutanga bhutsu mufananidzo weinitramfs, iyo inoderedza boot nguva nekuda kwekukurumidza decompression. Shanduko dzinocherechedzwa kana ichienzaniswa ne4.15 kernel inoshandiswa muUbuntu 18.04 LTS inosanganisira rutsigiro rwe AMD Rome CPU, Radeon RX Vega M uye Navi GPU, Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 SoC, Intel Cannon Lake mapuratifomu, Raspberry Pi 2B, 3B, 3A+, 3B+ mabhodhi, CM3, CM3+ uye 4B, kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mukutonga kwesimba, yakagadziridzwa USB 3.2 uye Type-C rutsigiro, nyowani yekuisa API, io_uring interface, pidfd uye AMD SEV (Yakachengetedzwa Encrypted Virtualization) rutsigiro muKVM.
• Yakagadziridzwa masisitimu emidziyo uye maturusi ekusimudzira: Glibc 2.31, BlueZ 5.53, OpenJDK 11, rustc 1.41, GCC 9.3, Python 3.8.2, ruby ​​​​2.7.0, Ruby paRails 5.2.3, php 7.4, perl 5.30, perl 1.13.
• Yakagadziridzwa mushandisi uye graphical application:
  Mesa 20.0, Qt 5.12.8, PulseAudio 14.0-pre, Firefox 75.0, Thunderbird 68.7.0, LibreOffice 6.4.2, GIMP 2.10.18, VLC 3.0.9.

• Yakagadziridzwa zvikumbiro zvemaseva uye virtualization:
  QEMU 4.2, libvirt 6.0, Bind 9.16, HAProxy 2.0, OpenSSH 8.2 (nerutsigiro rweFIDO/U2F two-factor authentication tokens uye kukwanisa kuisa zvirongwa mukati /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf). Apache httpd ine TLSv1.3 tsigiro yakagoneswa.

• Yakawedzera rutsigiro rweVPN WireGuard.
• Iyo chrony nguva yekuwiriranisa daemon yakagadziridzwa kune vhezheni 3.5 uye zvakare yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune system nekubatanidza system yekufona sefa.
• Iko kuvandudza kwekugona kwekuyedza kuisa pamudzi wechikamu neZFS kwaenderera mberi. ZFSonLinux kusevenzeswa kwakagadziridzwa kuburitsa 0.8.3 nerutsigiro rwe encryption, kupisa kubviswa kwemidziyo, iyo "zpool trim" kuraira, kukurumidza kwe "scrub" uye "resilver" mirairo. Kuti utore ZFS, iyo zsys daemon iri kugadzirwa, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti umhanye akati wandei anoenderana masisitimu neZFS pane imwe komputa, otomatiki kusikwa kwemifananidzo uye inotonga kugoverwa kweiyo data data uye data inoshanduka panguva yechikamu chemushandisi. Akasiyana snapshots anogona kuve neakasiyana system masisitimu uye chinja pakati pawo. Semuenzaniso, kana paine matambudziko mushure mekuisa zvigadziriso, unogona kudzokera kune yekare yakagadzikana mamiriro nekusarudza yapfuura snapshot. Snapshots inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuisa pachena uye otomatiki kutsigira data remushandisi.
• Kuenzaniswa neyakapfuura LTS kuburitswa, iyo Snap Store yakatsiva Ubuntu Software seyakagadzika interface yekutsvaga nekuisa yakajairwa uye snap mapakeji.
• Iko kuunganidzwa kwemapakeji eiyo i386 architecture yakamiswa. Kuenderera mberi nekushanda kwezvirongwa zvenhaka zvinongoramba zviri mu32-bit fomu kana zvinoda 32-bit maraibhurari, kusangana uye kutumirwa kunopihwa. yakasiyana set 32-bit raibhurari mapakeji.
• Mune system netplan.io, inoshandiswa kuchengetedza network interface marongero, yakawedzera rutsigiro rwekugadzirisa virtual network zvishandiso SR-IOV, GSM modem (kuburikidza neNetworkManager backend), WiFi parameters (bssid/band/channel). Izvo zvakare zvinogoneka kuseta iyo ipv6-kero-chizvarwa sarudzo yeNetworkManager uye emit-lldp yenetiweki.
• Python 3.8 yakawedzerwa pakugovera kwekutanga, uye Python 2.7 mapakeji akaendeswa kunzvimbo yepasirese repository uye haana kutumirwa nekukasira. Iwo asara Python 2.7 mapakeji mukugovera akagadziridzwa kushandisa iyo /usr/bin/python2 muturikiri. Iyo /usr/bin/python faira haisisiri kuisirwa nekukasira (iyo python-is-python3 package inodiwa kugadzira /usr/bin/python yakasungwa kuPython 3).
• Nekumisikidza, kune ese anotsigirwa zvivakwa, iyo iso mufananidzo weUbuntu Server inopihwa neiyo Subiquity installer ichiita kuisirwa muLive mode. Subiquity inotsigira mashandiro akadai sedhisiki partitioning, mutauro uye kiyibhodhi kusarudzwa, kusikwa kwemushandisi, network yekubatanidza kumisikidzwa, RAID, LVM, VLAN kumisikidzwa uye network interface aggregation. Pakati pezvinhu zvitsva, pane otomatiki yekuisa modhi uchishandisa JSON mbiri uye kugona kuisa iyo bootloader pane akati wandei disks kamwechete (kuitira kuti iwe ugone kubhutsura kubva kune chero ipi kana iyo bootloader yakanganiswa). Pamusoro pezvo, gadziriso dzakaitwa kurerutsa kushandiswa kwekunyorera, kuisirwa pamadhisiki akawanda, uye kuwedzera kuvimbika kwekushandisa madhisiki ane mamwe masisitimu akatoiswa.
• В Kubuntu Iyo KDE Plasma 5.18 desktop, KDE Applications 19.12.3 uye Qt 5.12.5 chimiro zvinopihwa. Mumhanzi wakasarudzika ndiElisa 19.12.3, uyo akatsiva Cantata. Yakagadziridzwa latte-dock 0.9.10, KDEConnect 1.4.0, Krita 4.2.9, Kdevelop 5.5.0. Tsigiro yeKDE4 neQt4 application yakamiswa. KDE PIM yakabviswa kubva pakugovera kwekutanga uye inofanira kuiswa ikozvino kubva kune repository. Chikamu chekuyedza chakavakirwa paWayland chinokurudzirwa (mushure mekuisa iyo plasma-workspace-wayland package, inosarudzika "Plasma (Wayland)" chinhu chinoonekwa pachiratidziro chekupinda).
  

• Ubuntu MATE 20.04: MATE desktop yakagadziridzwa kuita shanduro 1.24. Yakawedzera firmware update interface uchishandisa fwupd. Compiz neCompton dzakabviswa pakugovera. Inopa kuratidzwa kwezvigunwe zvehwindo mupaneri, basa rekuchinja interface (Alt-Tab) uye desktop switcher. A applet nyowani yekuratidzira zviziviso yapihwa. Evolution inoshandiswa seye email mutengi panzvimbo yeThunderbird. Pakuisa madhiraivha eNVIDIA, ayo anogona kusarudzwa muisimi, applet inopihwa kuti ichinje pakati peGPU dzakasiyana mumasystem ane hybrid graphics (NVIDIA Optimus).
  
• Ubuntu Budgie: Nekumisikidza, iyo applet ine menyu yekushandisa inogoneswa Yakanaka uye neyayo applet yekugadzirisa network marongero.
  Yakawedzerwa interface yekukurumidza kushandura desktop marongero (Budgie, Classic Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Budgie, Cupertino, Iyo Imwe.
  uye Redmond).
  Iyo huru package inosanganisira GNOME Firmware uye GNOME Drawing application.
  Yakavandudzwa kubatanidzwa neGNOME 3.36. Budgie desktop yakagadziridzwa kuita shanduro 10.5.1. Akawedzera marongero eantialiasing uye font hinting. Nekumisikidza, iyo system tray applet inovharwa (nekuda kwematambudziko ekushanda). Maapuro akachinjirwa HiDPI skrini.
  

• Ubuntu Studio: Ubuntu Studio Controls inopatsanura marongero eJack Master, mamwe madivayiri uye zvidimbu zvePulseAudio. Yakagadziridzwa RaySession 0.8.3, Audacity 2.3.3, Hydrogen 1.0.0-beta2, Carla 2.1-RC2,
  Blender 2.82, KDEnlive 19.12.3, Krita 4.2.9, GIMP 2.10.18,
  Ardor 5.12.0, Scribus 1.5.5, Darktable 2.6.3, Pitivi 0.999, Inkscape 0.92.4, OBS Studio 25.0.3, MyPaint 2.0.0, Rawtherapee 5.8.

• В Xubuntu Kuonekwa kwedingindira rakasviba kwakacherechedzwa. Dhizaini yemashandisirwo ekushandisa akaiswa kubva kudhibhi mapakeji, snap uye flatpak akabatanidzwa. Iyo apt-offline package, inoda kuti Python 2 ishande, pamwe neiyo pidgin-libnotify package, yabviswa kubva pachigadziko pasuru. Xfce 4.14 shanduro dzekushandisa dzakagadziridzwa.
  

• Ubuntu 20.04 yakava yekutanga kuburitswa kweLTS kupa yakasarudzika graphical nharaunda LXQt (zvikepe zvinoburitsa 0.14.1) pachinzvimbo cheLXDE. Discover Software Center 5.18.4 inoshandiswa kubata maapplication ekuisa.
  

• Yakagadzirwa gungano Ubuntu ine Deepin desktop. Iyo purojekiti ichiri isiri yepamutemo edition yeUbuntu, asi vagadziri vekugovera vari kutaurirana neCanonical kuti ibatanidze UbuntuDDE mukugoverwa kweUbuntu zviri pamutemo.

Source: opennet.ru