Kuburitswa kweLinux kugovera Fedora 34

Kuburitswa kweLinux kugovera Fedora 34 kwaunzwa. Zvigadzirwa Fedora Workstation, Fedora Server, CoreOS, Fedora IoT Edition, pamwe neseti ye "spins" ine Live kuvaka kwedesktop nharaunda KDE Plasma 5, Xfce, i3, MATE. , Cinnamon, LXDE zvakagadzirirwa kudhaunirodwa. uye LXQt. Assemblies anogadzirirwa x86_64, Power64, ARM64 (AArch64) zvivakwa uye midziyo yakasiyana-siyana ine 32-bit ARM processors. Kuburitswa kweFedora Silverblue kuvaka kunononoka.

Iyo inonyanya kuvandudzwa kuvandudzwa muFedora 34 ndeiyi:

• Ese maodhiyo nzizi akaendeswa kune iyo PipeWire midhiya server, inova ndiyo yakasarudzika pachinzvimbo chePulseAudio neJACK. Kushandisa PipeWire kunokutendera kuti upe hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa odhiyo mune yenguva dzose desktop edition, bvisa kupatsanuka uye ubatanidze zvivakwa zvekuteerera kune akasiyana maapplication.

  Mukuburitswa kwakapfuura, Fedora Workstation yakashandisa nzira yekumashure inonzi PulseAudio kugadzirisa odhiyo, uye maapplication akashandisa raibhurari yemutengi kupindirana nemaitiro iwayo, kusanganisa nekugadzirisa maodhiyo hova. Kugadziridzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuteerera, iyo JACK inonzwika sevha uye yakabatana neyaibhurari yemutengi yakashandiswa. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuenderana, panzvimbo yemaraibhurari ekudyidzana nePulseAudio neJACK, dhizaini inoshanda kuburikidza nePipeWire yakawedzerwa, iyo inobvumidza iwe kuchengetedza basa revose varipo PulseAudio uye JACK vatengi, pamwe nemashandisirwo akaunzwa muFlatpak fomati. Kune vatengi venhaka vachishandisa yakaderera-level ALSA API, ALSA plugin inoiswa iyo inofambisa odhiyo hova yakananga kuPipeWire.

• Inovaka ine KDE desktop yakachinjirwa kushandisa Wayland nekukasira. X11-yakavakirwa chikamu yakadzoserwa kune imwe sarudzo. Zvinocherechedzwa kuti kuburitswa kweKDE Plasma 34 yakapihwa neFedora 5.20 yakaunzwa kune inenge yakaenzana mukushanda nemaitiro ekushanda pamusoro peX11, kusanganisira matambudziko nescreencasting uye yepakati-mbeva bhatani pasting. Kushanda kana uchishandisa vatyairi veNVIDIA, iyo kwin-wayland-nvidia package inoshandiswa. Kuenderana neX11 application kunovimbiswa uchishandisa chikamu cheXWayland.
• Yakavandudzwa Wayland rutsigiro. Yakawedzera kugona kushandisa iyo XWayland chikamu pane masisitimu ane varidzi veNVIDIA vatyairi. MuWayland-based environments, rutsigiro rwekushanda mumusoro usina musoro unoitwa, izvo zvinokutendera kuti umhanye zvikamu zvedesktop pane kure server masisitimu nekuwana kuburikidza neVNC kana RDP.
• Desktop yeFedora Workstation yakagadziridzwa kuita GNOME 40 uye GTK 4. MuGNOME 40, Activities Overview virtual desktops yakaendeswa kune landscape orientation uye inoratidzwa mucheni inoramba ichifamba kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi. Desktop yega yega inoratidzwa muOverview mode inoona iripo windows uye zvine simba pani uye zooms sezvo mushandisi achipindirana. Shanduko isina musono inopihwa pakati pechinyorwa chezvirongwa uye chaiwo desktops. Kuvandudzwa kwesangano rebasa kana paine mamonitor akawanda. Magadzirirwo emapurogiramu akawanda akagadziridzwa. GNOME Shell inotsigira kushandiswa kweGPU yekupa shaders.
• Ese edhisheni yeFedora yakafambiswa kushandisa iyo systemd-oomd mashandiro ekutanga kupindura kune yakaderera ndangariro mamiriro pane sisitimu, pachinzvimbo cheyaimboshandiswa earlyoom process. Systemd-oomd yakavakirwa paPSI (Pressure Stall Information) kernel subsystem, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uongorore mune yevashandisi nzvimbo ruzivo nezve nguva yekumirira yekuwana akasiyana zviwanikwa (CPU, ndangariro, I / O) kunyatso ongorora nhanho yehurongwa hwekutakura. uye chimiro chekuderera. PSI inoita kuti zvikwanise kuona kutanga kwekunonoka nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezviwanikwa uye nekusarudza kumisa masisitimu-akanyanya maitiro panguva iyo sisitimu haisati yave mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye isati yatanga kucheka zvakanyanya cache uye kusundira data mukuchinjana. partition.
• Iyo Btrfs faira sisitimu, iyo kubva kuburitswa kwekupedzisira kwave kugadzika kwedesktop flavour yeFedora (Fedora Workstation, Fedora KDE, nezvimwewo), inosanganisira yakajeka data compression uchishandisa iyo ZSTD algorithm. Kudzvanya ndiyo inosarudzika yekumisikidzwa kutsva kweFedora 34. Vashandisi vehurongwa huripo vanogona kugonesa kudzvanya nekuwedzera "compress=zstd:1" mureza ku /etc/fstab uye kumhanya "sudo btrfs filesystem defrag -czstd -rv //home/" kumanikidza data yatovepo. Kuti uongorore kushanda zvakanaka kwekumanikidza, unogona kushandisa "compsize" utility. Zvinocherechedzwa kuti kuchengeta dhata mufomu yakamanikidzwa hakungochengete dhisiki nzvimbo, asi zvakare kunowedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi yeSSD madhiraivha nekudzikisa huwandu hwekunyora mashandiro, uye zvakare kunowedzera kukurumidza kuverenga nekunyora mahombe, akatsikirirwa mafaera pane anononoka madhiraivha. .
• Iwo epamutemo edhisheni ekugovera anosanganisira iyo vhezheni ine i3 hwindo maneja, iyo inopa tiled hwindo marongero mode padesktop.
• Kuumbwa kwemifananidzo ine KDE desktop yemasisitimu akavakirwa paAArch64 architecture kwatanga, kuwedzera kumagungano ane GNOME uye Xfce desktops, uye mifananidzo yemaseva masisitimu.
• Mufananidzo mutsva weComp Neuro Container wawedzerwa, uyo unosanganisira kusarudzwa kwekuenzanisira uye simulation application inobatsira pakutsvaga neuroscience.
• Iyo edition yeInternet yezvinhu (Fedora IoT), iyo inopa nharaunda yehurongwa yakabviswa kusvika padiki, iyo inogadziridza iyo inoitwa atomu nekutsiva mufananidzo weiyo system yese, uye mashandisirwo anoparadzaniswa kubva kune huru sisitimu uchishandisa ega midziyo. (podman inoshandiswa manejimendi), tsigiro yemabhodhi eARM yawedzerwa Pine64, RockPro64 uye Jetson Xavier NX, pamwe nerutsigiro rwakavandudzwa rwei.MX8 SoC based boards senge 96boards Thor96 uye Solid Run HummingBoard-M. Iko kushandiswa kwehardware kutadza kutevedzera nzira (watchdog) yeotomatiki system kudzoreredza inopihwa.
• Kugadzirwa kwemapakeji akasiyana ane maraibhurari anoshandiswa mumapurojekiti akavakirwa paNode.js kwakamiswa. Pane kudaro, Node.js inongopihwa mapasuru akakosha ane muturikiri, mafaira emusoro, maraibhurari ekutanga, mabhinari module, uye maturusi epakeji ekutarisira (NPM, shinda). Zvikumbiro zvinotumirwa muFedora repository izvo zvinoshandisa Node.js zvinotenderwa kunyudza zvese zviripo zvinotsamira mupakeji imwechete, pasina kupatsanura kana kupatsanura maraibhurari anoshandiswa mumapakeji akasiyana. Kumisikidza maraibhurari kuchakubvumidza kuti ubvise kukoromoka kwemapakeji madiki, kuchaita kuti kuchengetedza kwemapakeji (kare, muchengeti akapedza nguva yakawanda achiongorora uye kuyedza mazana emapakeji nemaraibhurari pane pasuru huru ine chirongwa), inobvisa iyo zvivakwa zvekupokana kweraibhurari uye ichagadzirisa matambudziko nekusunga kune mavhezheni eraibhurari (vanochengetedza vanozosanganisira akaedzwa uye akaedzwa shanduro mupakeji).
• Iyo FreeType font injini yakashandurwa kuti ishandise iyo HarfBuzz glyph kuumba injini. Kushandiswa kweHarfBuzz muFreeType kwakavandudza kunaka kwekunongedza (kupfavisa ratidziro yeglyph panguva yerasterization kuti iwedzere kujeka pane yakaderera-resolution skrini) paunenge uchiratidza zvinyorwa mumitauro ine yakaoma mavara magadzirirwo, umo glyphs inogona kuumbwa kubva akati wandei. characters. Kunyanya, kushandisa HarfBuzz kunokubvumidza kuti ubvise dambudziko rekuregeredza ligature ayo asina akaparadzana Unicode mavara kana hinting.
• Iko kugona kudzima SELinux uchimhanya kwabviswa - kuimisa nekushandura iyo /etc/selinux/config marongero (SELINUX=yakaremara) haichatsigirwi. Mushure mekunge SELinux yatangwa, vabati veLSM ikozvino vakagadzirirwa kuverenga-chete modhi, iyo inovandudza dziviriro kubva pakurwiswa kunoedza kudzima SELinux mushure mekushandisa kusazvibata kunobvumira zviri mukati mekernel memory kuti zvigadziriswe. Kudzima SELinux, unogona kutangazve sisitimu nekupfuura iyo "selinux = 0" parameter pane kernel command line. Iko kugona kushandura pakati pe "kumanikidza" uye "kubvumidza" modes panguva yebhoti process inochengetwa.
• Iyo Xwayland DDX chikamu, chinomhanyisa X.Org Server kuronga kuitiswa kweX11 application munzvimbo dzeWayland-based, yakaendeswa kune imwe pasuru, yakaunganidzwa kubva kune nyowani kodhi base iyo yakazvimirira pane yakagadzikana kuburitswa kweX. Org server.
• Yakagonesa kutangazve kweese akagadziridzwa systemd masevhisi kamwechete mushure mekupedzwa kwekutengeserana muRPM package maneja. Nepo kare sevhisi yakatangwa patsva mushure mekugadzirisa pasuru yega yega yaipindirana nayo, ikozvino mutsara unoumbwa uye masevhisi anotangwazve pakupera kwechikamu cheRPM, mushure mekunge mapakeji ese nemaraibhurari agadziridzwa.
• Mifananidzo yemabhodhi eARMv7 (armhfp) yakashandurwa kuita UEFI nekukasira.
• Saizi yeiyo chaiyo yekuchinja mudziyo yakapihwa neinjini yezRAM inowedzerwa kubva pakota kusvika hafu saizi yendangariro yemuviri, uye zvakare inogumira kune 8 GB muganho. Shanduko inokubvumira kuti ubudirire kumhanyisa iyo Anaconda installer pane system ine diki RAM.
• Kuendeswa kwemakrete mapakeji emutauro weRust mubazi rakagadzikana kwakave nechokwadi. Mapakeji anopiwa ne prefix "rust-".
• Kuti uderedze saizi yekuisa ISO mifananidzo, yakachena SquashFS inopihwa, isina nested EXT4 layer, iyo yakashandiswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekare.
• Iyo GRUB bootloader yekumisikidza mafaera akabatanidzwa kune ese anotsigirwa zvivakwa, zvisinei nerutsigiro rweEFI.
• Kuti uderedze kushandiswa kwedhisiki nzvimbo, kudzvanywa kwemafaira ane firmware inoshandiswa neLinux kernel kunopihwa (kutanga kubva kernel 5.3, kurodha firmware kubva xz archives inotsigirwa). Kana isina kurongedzerwa, yese firmware inotora inosvika 900 MB, uye kana yakamanikidzwa, saizi yavo yakaderedzwa nehafu.
• Iyo ntp package (sevha yekuwiriranisa nguva chaiyo) yakatsiviwa neforogo ye ntpsec.
• Iwo xemacs, xemacs-packages-base, xemacs-packages-yakawedzera uye neXtaw mapakeji, ayo budiriro yakamira kwenguva refu, yakanzi haichashandi. Iyo nscd package yakadzikiswa - systemd-yakagadziriswa yave kushandiswa kucache iyo host database, uye sssd inogona kushandiswa cache ane mazita masevhisi.
• Iyo xorg-x11-* kuunganidzwa kwe X11 zvishandiso zvakamiswa; yega yega yekushandisa ikozvino yapihwa mune imwe pasuru.
• Kushandiswa kwezita tenzi mune git repositories yepurojekiti kwakamiswa, sezvo izwi iri richangoonekwa sezvematongerwo enyika. Iro zita rekutanga rebazi mu git repositories rave "main", uye mumatura ane mapakeji akadai src.fedoraproject.org/rpms bazi iri "rawhide".
• Yakavandudzwa pasuru mavhezheni, anosanganisira: GCC 11, LLVM/Clang 12, Glibc 2.33, Binutils 2.35, Golang 1.16, Ruby 3.0, Ruby paRails 6.1, BIND 9.16, MariaDB 10.5, PostgreSQL 13. Yakagadziridzwa X0.16.0f4.16Qt.
• Chiratidzo chitsva chakaunzwa.

Panguva imwecheteyo, "emahara" uye "asina mahara" marekodhi eRPM Fusion chirongwa chakatangwa cheFedora 34, umo mapakeji ane mamwe multimedia application (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), vhidhiyo / odhiyo codecs, DVD rutsigiro, proprietary AMD uye. NVIDIA vatyairi, zvirongwa zvemitambo, emulators.

Source: opennet.ru