ProHoster > Blog > internet nhau > Linux 5.17 kernel kuburitswa

Linux 5.17 kernel kuburitswa

Mushure memwedzi miviri yebudiriro, Linus Torvalds akapa kuburitswa kweLinux kernel 5.17. Pakati pekuchinja kunonyanya kukosha: itsva performance management system ye AMD processors, kugona kudzokorodza mepu yevashandisi ID mumafaira masisitimu, tsigiro yeanotakurika akaunganidzwa eBPF zvirongwa, shanduko yepseudo-random nhamba jenareta kune BLAKE2s algorithm, RTLA utility. yekuongorora-nguva chaiyo yekuuraya, itsva fscache backend ye caching network faira masisitimu, kugona kubatanidza mazita kune isingazivikanwe mmap mashandiro.

Iyo itsva vhezheni inosanganisira 14203 inogadzirisa kubva ku1995 vanogadzira, saizi yechigamba ndeye 37 MB (shanduko dzakakanganisa mafaira gumi nemazana matatu nemakumi matanhatu nenhanhatu, mitsara ye11366 yekodhi yakawedzerwa, mitsara ye506043 yakabviswa). Inenge 250954% yeshanduko dzese dzakaunzwa mu44 dzine hukama nevatyairi vemidziyo, ingangoita 5.17% yeshanduko ine chekuita nekuvandudza kodhi yakanangana nehardware architecture, 16% ine hukama netiweki stack, 15% ine hukama nemafaira masisitimu, uye 4% zvine hukama nemukati kernel subsystems.

Makiyi matsva mu kernel 5.17:

  • Disk Subsystem, I/O uye File Systems
    • Yakaita mukana weiyo nested mepu yevashandisi ID yeakakwidzwa faira masisitimu, anoshandiswa kuenzanisa mafaera emumwe mushandisi pane yakamisikidzwa yekune dzimwe nyika pamwe nemumwe mushandisi pane yazvino system. Iyo yakawedzerwa ficha inokutendera iwe kuti udzokorore kushandisa mepu pamusoro pemafaira masisitimu ayo mepu yatoiswa.
    • Iyo fscache subsystem, inoshandiswa kuronga caching mune yemuno faira system yedata inotamiswa kuburikidza netiweki faira masisitimu, yakanyorwa patsva. Kuitwa kutsva kunosiyaniswa nekurerutsa kwakakosha kwekodhi uye kutsiva kweakaomesesa mashandiro ekuronga nekutsvaga chinhu chinoti nemaitiro akareruka. Tsigiro yeiyo fscache nyowani inoitwa muCIFS faira system.
    • Iyo subsystem yekutevera chiitiko mu fanotify FS inoshandisa rudzi rutsva rwechiitiko, FAN_RENAME, iyo inokutendera kuti utore nekukasira kushanda kwekupa mazita mafaera kana madhairekitori (kare, zviitiko zviviri zvakasiyana FAN_MOVED_FROM neFAN_MOVED_TO zvakashandiswa kugadzirisa mazita).
    • Iyo Btrfs faira sisitimu yakagonesa kutema matanda uye fsync mashandiro kune makuru madhairekitori, anoitwa nekukopa chete makiyi e index uye kuderedza huwandu hweakadhindwa metadata. Tsigiro ye indexing nekutsvaga nehukuru hwemahara marekodhi enzvimbo yakapihwa, iyo yakaderedza latency neanosvika 30% uye yakaderedza nguva yekutsvaga. Inobvumirwa kukanganisa mabasa e defragmentation. Iko kugona kuwedzera zvishandiso kana kuyera pakati pemadhiraivha kwakadzimwa, i.e. paunenge uchiisa faira system ine skip_balance sarudzo.
    • Syntax nyowani yekuisa iyo Ceph faira system yakatsanangurwa, kugadzirisa matambudziko aripo ane chekuita nekusunga kune IP kero. Kuwedzera kune IP kero, iwe unogona ikozvino kushandisa cluster identifier (FSID) kuona sevha: mount -t ceph. [email inodzivirirwa]_name=/[subdir] mnt -o mon_addr=monip1[:port][/monip2[:port]]
    • Iyo Ext4 faira sisitimu yatamira kune nyowani yekumisikidza API iyo inoparadzanisa gomo sarudzo parsing uye superblock kumisikidza matanho. Isu takadonhedza tsigiro yesarudzo dzelazytime uye nolazytime gomo, izvo zvakawedzerwa sechinjo yenguva pfupi kurerutsira shanduko ye util-linux kushandisa iyo MS_LAZYTIME mureza. Yakawedzerwa tsigiro yekuseta nekuverenga mavara muFS (ioctl FS_IOC_GETFSLABEL neFS_IOC_SETFSLABEL).
    • NFSv4 yakawedzera tsigiro yekushanda mune kesi-insensitive faira masisitimu mumafaira nemazita edhairekitori. NFSv4.1+ inowedzera tsigiro yekutsanangura zvikamu zvakaunganidzwa (trunking).
  • Memory uye system masevhisi
    • Yakawedzera amd-pstate mutyairi kuti ape inoshanduka frequency control yekuita kwakaringana. Mutyairi anotsigira AMD CPUs uye APUs kutanga kubva kuZen 2 chizvarwa, yakagadziridzwa pamwe chete neValve uye ine chinangwa chekuvandudza simba rekutonga simba. Nekuda kwekuchinja frequency shanduko, iyo CPPC (Collaborative processor Performance Control) inoshandiswa, iyo inokutendera iwe kuti uchinje zviratidzo zvakanyanya (kwete kugumira kumazinga matatu ekuita) uye kupindura nekukurumidza kune shanduko yenyika pane yakamboshandiswa ACPI-based P-state. vatyairi (CPUFreq).
    • Iyo eBPF subsystem inopa bpf_loop () inobata, iyo inopa imwe nzira yekuronga zvishwe muzvirongwa zveBPF, nekukurumidza uye nyore kuti isimbiswe neanosimbisa.
    • Padanho re kernel, iyo CO-RE (Gadzira Kamwe - Mhanya Kwese) inoshandiswa, iyo inokutendera kuti utore kodhi yezvirongwa zveBPF kamwe chete uye kushandisa yakakosha yekurodha inogadzirisa chirongwa chakaremerwa kune yazvino kernel nemhando dzeBTF. (BPF Type Format).
    • Zvinogoneka kugovera mazita kunzvimbo dzepachivande zvisingazivikanwe (yakagoverwa kuburikidza ne malloc) ndangariro, iyo inogona kurerutsa debugging uye optimization yendangariro mashandisiro mumashandisirwo. Mazita anopihwa kuburikidza ne prctl nePR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME mureza uye anoratidzwa mu /proc/pid/maps uye /proc/pid/smaps muchimiro "[anon: ]".
    • Iyo inoronga basa inopa yekutevera uye kuratidza mukati / proc/PID/yakaronga nguva yakashandiswa nemaitiro munzvimbo yekumanikidzwa-isina basa, inoshandiswa, semuenzaniso, kudzikisa mutoro kana processor ichipisa.
    • Yakawedzera gpio-sim module, yakagadzirirwa kutevedzera GPIO machipi ekuyedzwa.
    • Yakawedzera "latency" subcommand kune "perf ftrace" kuraira kugadzira histograms ine latency ruzivo.
    • Yakawedzera seti ye "RTLA" zvishandiso zvekuongorora basa munguva chaiyo. Inosanganisira zvinoshandiswa senge osnoise (inosarudza pesvedzero yeanoshanda sisitimu pakuita basa) uye timerlat (inoshandura kunonoka kwakabatana neiyo timer).
    • Rudzi rwechipiri rwezvigamba rwakabatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwechirevo chepeji folios, iyo yakafanana nemapeji akabatanidzwa, asi yakavandudza semantics uye sangano rakajeka rebasa. Kushandisa tomes kunobvumidza iwe kukurumidzira ndangariro manejimendi mune mamwe kernel subsystems. Iwo mapeche akatsanangurwa akapedzisa kushandurwa kwecache peji kuti ashandise tomes uye akawedzera tsigiro yekutanga yematomu muXFS faira system.
    • Yakawedzerwa "ita mod2noconfig" kuvaka maitiro, ayo anogadzira gadziriso inounganidza ese akaremara subsystems muchimiro chekernel modules.
    • Zvinodiwa zveshanduro yeLLVM/Clang inogona kushandiswa kuvaka kernel yakasimudzwa. Kuvaka ikozvino kunoda kanenge LLVM 11 kuburitswa.
  • Virtualization uye Chengetedzo
    • Kuitwa kwakagadziridzwa kwepseudo-random nhamba jenareta RDRAND, ine basa rekushanda kweiyo / dev/random uye / dev/urandom zvishandiso, inokurudzirwa, inocherekedza shanduko yekushandisa BLAKE2s hash basa panzvimbo yeSHA1 yekusanganisa entropy mashandiro. Shanduko iyi yakavandudza kuchengetedzwa kwepseudo-random nhamba jenareta nekubvisa dambudziko SHA1 algorithm uye kubvisa kudhindwa kweRNG yekutanga vector. Sezvo iyo BLAKE2s algorithm iri pamusoro peSHA1 mukuita, kushandiswa kwayo kwakavewo nemhedzisiro yakanaka pakuita.
    • Yakawedzerwa dziviriro kubva panjodzi muma processors anokonzerwa nekufungidzira kuurayiwa kwemirairo mushure mekusagadzikana kumberi kwekusvetuka mashandiro. Dambudziko rinoitika nekuda kwepre-emptive kugadzirisa kwemirairo nekukasira kuteedzera kuraira kwebazi mundangariro (SLS, Straight Line Speculation). Kugonesa dziviriro kunoda kuvaka nekuburitswa kwazvino kuyedza kweGCC 12.
    • Yakawedzera nzira yekutevera yekuverengera kuverenga (refcount, referensi-kuverenga), ine chinangwa chekudzikisa huwandu hwekukanganisa mukuverengera kuverenga kunotungamira mukuwana ndangariro mushure mekunge yasunungurwa. Iyo michina parizvino inogumira kune network subsystem, asi mune ramangwana inogona kuchinjirwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dze kernel.
    • Yakawedzerwa cheki yezvinyowani mu process memory peji tafura yaitwa, ichibvumira kuona mamwe marudzi ekukuvara uye kumisa sisitimu, ichivharira kurwiswa padanho rekutanga.
    • Yakawedzera kukwanisa kusunungura kernel modules zvakananga ne kernel pachayo, uye kwete nemubati munzvimbo yevashandisi, iyo inobvumira kushandisa LoadPin LSM module kuona kuti kernel modules inotakurwa mundangariro kubva kune yakasimbiswa yekuchengetedza mudziyo.
    • Yakapihwa gungano ne "-Wcast-function-type" mureza, iyo inogonesa yambiro nezve kukanda basa zvinongedzo kune isingaenderane mhando.
    • Yakawedzera virtual host mutyairi pvUSB yeXen hypervisor, ichipa mukana kune USB zvishandiso zvinotumirwa kune yevaenzi masisitimu (inobvumira vaenzi masisitimu kuti vawane epanyama USB zvishandiso zvakapihwa kune yevaenzi sisitimu).
    • A module yakawedzerwa iyo inokutendera kuti udyidzane kuburikidza neWi-Fi neiyo IME (Intel Management Engine) subsystem, iyo inouya mumabhodhi akawanda emazuva ano ane Intel processors uye inoshandiswa seyakasiyana microprocessor inoshanda yakazvimiririra yeCPU.
    • Kune iyo ARM64 yekuvaka, rutsigiro rwakaitwa rweKCSAN (Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer) debugging chishandiso, chakagadzirirwa kuona zvine simba mamiriro emujaho mukati me kernel.
    • Kune 32-bit ARM masisitimu, kugona kushandisa iyo KFENCE michina yekuona zvikanganiso kana uchishanda nendangariro kwawedzerwa.
    • Iyo KVM hypervisor inowedzera rutsigiro rweAMX (Advanced Matrix Extensions) mirairo inoshandiswa mune iri kuuya Intel Xeon Scalable server processors.
  • Network subsystem
    • Yakawedzera rutsigiro rwekuburitsa mabasa ane chekuita netraffic manejimendi kudivi retiweki zvishandiso.
    • Yakawedzera kugona kushandisa MCTP (Management Component Transport Protocol) pane serial zvishandiso. MCTP inogona kushandiswa kutaurirana pakati pevatongi vemanejimendi nemidziyo yavo yakabatana (host processors, peripherals, nezvimwewo).
    • Iyo TCP stack yakagadziridzwa, semuenzaniso, kuvandudza mashandiro erecvmsg mafoni, kunonoka kuburitswa kwema socket buffers kwaitwa.
    • Pachiyero chechiremera cheCAP_NET_RAW, kuseta SO_PRIORITY uye SO_MARK modhi kuburikidza nesetsockopt basa kunobvumidzwa.
    • PaIPv4, masokisi akaomeswa anotenderwa kusungwa kune asiri enzvimbo IP kero uchishandisa IP_FREEBIND uye IP_TRANSPARENT sarudzo.
    • Yakawedzera sysctl arp_missed_max kugadzirisa iyo nhamba yechikumbaridzo yekutadza panguva yeARP yekutarisa cheki, mushure meiyo network network inoiswa mune yakaremara mamiriro.
    • Inopa kugona kugadzirisa yakaparadzana sysctl min_pmtu uye mtu_inopera kukosha kwemazita emazita etiweki.
    • Yakawedzera kugona kuseta uye kuona saizi yemabhafa emapaketi anouya uye anobuda kune ethtool API.
    • Netfilter yakawedzera tsigiro yekusefa yekufambisa pppoe traffic mune network bhiriji.
    • Iyo ksmbd module, inoshandisa sevha yefaira ichishandisa SMB3 protocol, yakawedzera rutsigiro rwekuchinjana kiyi, yakagonesa network port 445 ye smbdirect, uye yakawedzera rutsigiro rwe "smb2 max chikwereti" parameter.
  • Zvigadzirwa
    • Tsigiro yemasikirini ekuratidza ruzivo rwechakavanzika yakawedzerwa kune drm (Direct Rendering Manager) subsystem uye i915 mutyairi, semuenzaniso, mamwe malaptops ane masikirini ane akavakirwa-mukati ekuona maitiro ekuona, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona kubva kunze. . Idzo shanduko dzakawedzerwa dzinokutendera kuti ubatanidze madhiraivha akasarudzika ezviratidziro zvakadaro uye kudzora zvakavanzika zvekubhurawuza modhi nekuseta zvivakwa mumadhiraivha eKMS.
    • Iyo amdgpu mutyairi inosanganisira rutsigiro rwe STB (Smart Trace Buffer) debugging tekinoroji kune ese AMD GPU anoitsigira. STB inoita kuti zvive nyore kuongorora kukundikana uye kuona kunobva matambudziko nekuchengetedza mune yakakosha buffer ruzivo nezve mabasa akaitwa pamberi pekutadza kwekupedzisira.
    • Mutyairi wei915 anowedzera tsigiro yeIntel Raptor Lake S machipi uye anogonesa rutsigiro rweiyo graphics subsystem yeIntel Alder Lake P machipisi nekusarudzika.
    • Tsigiro yehardware yekukwenya kumhanyisa mukoni yakadzoserwa mufbcon/fbdev driver.
    • Kuenderera mberi nekubatanidzwa kweshanduko kutsigira Apple M1 chips. Akamisikidza kugona kushandisa iyo simpledrm mutyairi pane masisitimu ane Apple M1 chip yekubuda kuburikidza neframebuffer yakapihwa neiyo firmware.
    • Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rweARM SoΠ‘, zvishandiso uye mabhodhi Snapdragon 7c, 845 uye 888 (Sony Xperia XZ2 / XZ2C / XZ3, Xperia 1 III / 5 III, Samsung J5, Microsoft Surface Duo 2), Mediatek MT6589 (Fairphone FP1), Mediatek MT8183 ( Acer Chromebook 314), Mediatek MT7986a/b (inoshandiswa mumarouta eWi-fi), Broadcom BCM4908 (Netgear RAXE500), Qualcomm SDX65, Samsung Exynos7885, Renesas R-Car S4-8, TI J721s2, TI J320s8, TI SPEX8PP2500, TI SPEX2600PP32, TI SPEX1PP6, TI SPEX6000PP6001, Qualcomm SDX14. , Aspeed AST16/ASTXNUMX, Engicam i.Core STMXNUMXMPXNUMX, Allwinner Tanix TXXNUMX, Facebook Bletchley BMC, Goramo MultiLink, JOZ Access Point, Y Soft IOTA Crux/Crux+, tXNUMX/tXNUMX MacBook Pro XNUMX/XNUMX MacBook Pro XNUMX/XNUMX.
    • Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rweARM Cortex-M55 uye Cortex-M33 processors.
    • Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rwemidziyo yakavakirwa paCPU MIPS: Linksys WRT320N v1, Netgear R6300 v1, Netgear WN2500RP v1/v2.
    • Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rweStarFive JH7100 SoC yakavakirwa paRISC-V yekuvaka.
    • Yakawedzera lenovo-yogabook-wmi mutyairi kudzora iyo keyboard backlight uye kuwana akasiyana masensa muLenovo Yoga Book.
    • Yakawedzera asus_wmi_sensors mutyairi kuti awane masensa anoshandiswa paAsus X370, X470, B450, B550 uye X399 mamaboards akavakirwa pa AMD Ryzen processors.
    • Yakawedzerwa x86-android-tablets mutyairi wex86-based tablet maPC akatumirwa neAndroid platform.
    • Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rweTrekStor SurfTab duo W1 touch screens uye zvemagetsi peni yeChuwi Hi10 Plus uye Pro mahwendefa.
    • Vatyairi veSoC Tegra 20/30 vakawedzera rutsigiro rwesimba uye voltage manejimendi. Inogonesa booting pamidziyo yekare ye32-bit Tegra SoC yakadai seASUS Prime TF201, Pad TF701T, Pad TF300T, Infinity TF700T, EeePad TF101 uye Pad TF300TG.
    • Akawedzera madhiraivha eSiemens maindasitiri makomputa.
    • Yakawedzera tsigiro yeSony Tulip Chokwadi NT35521, Vivax TPC-9150, Innolux G070Y2-T02, BOE BF060Y8M-AJ0, JDI R63452, Novatek NT35950, Wanchanglong W552946ABA uye Chikwata Chiratidziro 043015ABA Chikwata LCD TSTXNUMXCMXNUMX
    • Yakawedzerwa tsigiro yemanzwi sisitimu uye macodecs AMD Renoir ACP, Asahi Kasei Microdevices AKM4375, Intel masisitimu anoshandisa NAU8825/MAX98390, Mediatek MT8915, nVidia Tegra20 S/PDIF, Qualcomm ALC5682I-VS, Texas Instruments TLV320DC. Matambudziko neTegra3 HD-odhiyo akagadziriswa. Yakawedzera HDA rutsigiro rweCS194L35 macodecs. Kuvandudzwa kwerutsigiro rwezvitsigiro zveLenovo neHP laptops, pamwe neGigabyte mamaboards.

Source: opennet.ru

Voeg